bat/README.md

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<p align="center">
<img src="doc/logo-header.svg" alt="bat - a cat clone with wings"><br>
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<a href="https://travis-ci.org/sharkdp/bat"><img src="https://travis-ci.org/sharkdp/bat.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status"></a>
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<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/sharkdp/bat"><img src="https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/cptsmtbiwbnr2vhf?svg=true"></a>
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<img src="https://img.shields.io/crates/l/bat.svg" alt="license">
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<a href="https://crates.io/crates/bat"><img src="https://img.shields.io/crates/v/bat.svg?colorB=319e8c" alt="Version info"></a><br>
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A <i>cat(1)</i> clone with syntax highlighting and Git integration.
</p>
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<p align="center">
<a href="#syntax-highlighting">Key Features</a>
<a href="#how-to-use">How To Use</a>
<a href="#installation">Installation</a>
<a href="#customization">Customization</a>
<a href="#project-goals-and-alternatives">Project goals, alternatives</a>
</p>
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### Syntax highlighting
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`bat` supports syntax highlighting for a large number of programming and markup
languages:
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![Syntax highlighting example](https://imgur.com/rGsdnDe.png)
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### Git integration
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`bat` communicates with `git` to show modifications with respect to the index
(see left side bar):
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![Git integration example](https://i.imgur.com/2lSW4RE.png)
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### Automatic paging
`bat` can pipe its own output to `less` if the output is too large for one screen.
### File concatenation
Oh.. you can also use it to concatenate files :wink:. Whenever
`bat` detects a non-interactive terminal, it will fall back to printing
the plain file contents.
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## How to use
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Display a single file on the terminal
```bash
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> bat README.md
```
Display multiple files at once
```bash
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> bat src/*.rs
```
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Read from stdin, explicitly specify the language
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```bash
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> yaml2json .travis.yml | json_pp | bat -l json
```
```bash
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> curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sharkdp/bat/master/src/main.rs | bat -l rs
```
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As a replacement for `cat`:
```bash
bat > note.md # quickly create a new file
bat header.md content.md footer.md > document.md
bat -n main.rs # show line numbers (only)
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bat f - g # output 'f', then stdin, then 'g'.
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```
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## Installation
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### On Ubuntu
*... and other Debian-based Linux distributions.*
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Download the latest `.deb` package from the [release page](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases)
and install it via:
``` bash
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sudo dpkg -i bat_0.6.2_amd64.deb # adapt version number and architecture
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```
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### On Arch Linux
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You can install [the `bat` package](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/bat/)
from the official sources:
```bash
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pacman -S bat
```
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### On Void Linux
You can install `bat` via xbps-install:
```
xbps-install -S bat
```
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### On FreeBSD
You can install a precompiled [`bat` package](https://www.freshports.org/textproc/bat) with pkg:
```bash
pkg install bat
```
or build it on your own from the FreeBSD ports:
```bash
cd /usr/ports/textproc/bat
make install
```
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### On macOS
You can install `bat` with [Homebrew](http://braumeister.org/formula/bat):
```bash
brew install bat
```
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### On Windows
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You can download pre-built binaries from the [Release page](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases),
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or install it with [scoop](https://scoop.sh/):
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```bash
scoop install bat
```
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[See below](#using-bat-on-windows) for notes.
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### From binaries
Check out the [Release page](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases) for
prebuilt versions of `bat` for many different architectures.
### From source
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If you want to build `bat` from source, you need Rust 1.26 or
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higher. You can then use `cargo` to build everything:
```bash
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cargo install bat
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```
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On macOS, you might have to install `cmake` (`brew install cmake`) in order for
some dependencies to be built.
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## Customization
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### Highlighting theme
Use `bat --list-themes` to get a list of all available themes for syntax
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highlighting. To select the `TwoDark` theme, call `bat` with the
`--theme=TwoDark` option or set the `BAT_THEME` environment variable to
`TwoDark`. Use `export BAT_THEME="TwoDark"` in your shells startup file to
make the change permanent.
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### Output style
You can use the `--style` option to control the appearance of `bat`s output.
You can use `--style=numbers,changes`, for example, to show only Git changes
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and line numbers but no grid and no file header. Use the `BAT_STYLE` environment
variable to make these changes permanent.
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### Adding new syntaxes / language definitions
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`bat` uses the excellent [`syntect`](https://github.com/trishume/syntect/)
library for syntax highlighting. `syntect` can read any
[Sublime Text `.sublime-syntax` file](https://www.sublimetext.com/docs/3/syntax.html)
and theme. To add new syntax definitions, do the following.
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Create a folder with syntax definition files:
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```bash
BAT_CONFIG_DIR="$(bat cache --config-dir)"
mkdir -p "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/syntaxes"
cd "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/syntaxes"
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# Put new '.sublime-syntax' language definition files
# in this folder (or its subdirectories), for example:
git clone https://github.com/tellnobody1/sublime-purescript-syntax
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```
Now use the following command to parse these files into a binary cache:
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```bash
bat cache --init
```
Finally, use `bat --list-languages` to check if the new languages are available.
If you ever want to go back to the default settings, call:
```bash
bat cache --clear
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```
### Adding new themes
This works very similar to how we add new syntax definitions.
First, create a folder with the new syntax highlighting themes:
```bash
BAT_CONFIG_DIR="$(bat cache --config-dir)"
mkdir -p "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/themes"
cd "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/themes"
# Download a theme in '.tmTheme' format, for example:
git clone https://github.com/greggb/sublime-snazzy
# Update the binary cache
bat cache --init
```
Finally, use `bat --list-themes` to check if the new themes are available.
### Using a different pager
`bat` uses the pager that is specified in the `PAGER` environment variable. If this variable is not
set, `less` is used by default. If you want to use a different pager, you can either modify the
`PAGER` variable or set the `BAT_PAGER` environment variable to override what is specified in
`PAGER`. If you want to pass command-line arguments to the pager, you need to create a small shell
script as a wrapper, for example:
```bash
#!/bin/bash
less --tabs 4 -RF "$@"
```
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## Using `bat` on Windows
`bat` mostly works out-of-the-box on Windows, but a few features may need extra configuration.
### Paging
Windows only includes a very limited pager in the form of `more`. You can download a Windows binary
for `less` [from its homepage](http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/download.html) or [through
Chocolatey](https://chocolatey.org/packages/Less). To use it, place the binary in a directory in
your `PATH` or [define an environment variable](#using-a-different-pager).
### Colours
Windows 10 natively supports colours in both `conhost.exe` (Command Prompt) and PowerShell since
[v1511](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10_version_history#Version_1511_(November_Update)), as
well as in newer versions of bash. On earlier versions of Windows, you can use
[Cmder](http://cmder.net/), which includes [ConEmu](https://conemu.github.io/).
**Note:** The Git and MSYS versions of `less` do not correctly interpret colours on Windows. If you
dont have any other pagers installed, you can disable paging entirely by passing `--paging=never`
or by setting `BAT_PAGER` to an empty string.
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## Troubleshooting
### Terminals & colors
`bat` handles terminals *with* and *without* truecolor support. However, the colors in the syntax
highlighting themes are not optimized for 8-bit colors and it is therefore strongly recommended
that you use a terminal with 24-bit truecolor support (`terminator`, `konsole`, `iTerm2`, ...).
See [this article](https://gist.github.com/XVilka/8346728) for more details and a full list of
terminals with truecolor support.
Make sure that your truecolor terminal sets the `COLORTERM` variable to either `truecolor` or
`24bit`. Otherwise, `bat` will not be able to determine whether or not 24-bit escape sequences
are supported (and fall back to 8-bit colors).
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### Line numbers and grid are hardly visible
Please try a different theme (see `bat --list-themes` for a list). The `OneHalfDark` and
`OneHalfLight` themes provide grid and line colors that are brighter.
### Error when compiling: "cannot find -lz"
Please install the `zlib-devel` package and try again.
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## Development
```bash
# Recursive clone to retrieve all submodules
git clone --recursive https://github.com/sharkdp/bat
# Build (debug version)
cd bat
cargo build
# Run unit tests and integration tests
cargo test
# Install (release version)
cargo install
# Build a bat binary with modified syntaxes and themes
bash assets/create.sh
cargo install -f
```
## Project goals and alternatives
`bat` tries to achieve the following goals:
- Provide beautiful, advanced syntax highlighting
- Integrate with Git to show file modifications
- Be a drop-in replacement for (POSIX) `cat`
- Offer a user-friendly command-line interface
There are a lot of alternatives, if you are looking for similar programs. See
[this document](doc/alternatives.md) for a comparison.