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162 lines
6.3 KiB
Plaintext
162 lines
6.3 KiB
Plaintext
<chapter id="devlangsup">
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<title>Using Language Support</title>
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<simplesect>
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<title>Overview</title>
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<para>
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phpGroupWare is built using a multi-language support scheme. This means the pages can be
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translated to other languages very easily. Translations of text strings are
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stored in the phpGroupWare database, and can be modified by the phpGroupWare
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administrator.
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect>
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<title>How to use lang support</title>
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<para>
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The <classname>lang()</classname> function is your application's interface to phpGroupWare's
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internationalization support.
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While developing your application, just wrap all your text output with calls to
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lang(), as in the following code:
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<programlisting>
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$x = 42;
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echo lang("The counter is %1",$x)."<br>";
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</programlisting>
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This will attempt to translate "The counter is %1", and return a translated version
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based on the current application and language in use. Note how the position that
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<classname>$x</classname> will end up is controlled by the format string, <emphasis>not</emphasis> by
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building up the string in your code. This allows your application to be translated
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to languages where the actual number is not placed at the end of the string.
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When a translation is not found, the original text will be returned with a * after
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the string. This makes it easy to develop your application, then go back and
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add missing translations (identified by the *) later.
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Without a specific translation in the lang table, the above code will print:
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<classname>
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The counter is 42*<br>
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</classname>
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If the current user speaks Italian, they string returned may instead be:
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<classname>
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il contatore è 42<br>
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</classname>
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect>
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<title>The lang function</title>
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<para>
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<classname>lang($key, $m1="", $m2="", $m3="", $m4="", $m5="",
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$m6="", $m7="", $m8="", $m9="", $m10="")
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</classname>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>$key</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>is the string to translate and may contain replacement directives of the form <classname>%n</classname>. </para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>$m1</term>
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<listitem>
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<para> is the first replacement value or may be an array of replacement values (in which case $m2 and above are ignored). </para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>$m2</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>- $m10/ the 2nd through 10th replacement values if $m1 is not an array. </para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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The database is searched for rows with a <classname>lang.message_id</classname> that matches <classname>$key</classname>.
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If a translation is not found, the original <classname>$key</classname> is used. The translation engine then replaces
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all tokens of the form <classname>%N</classname> with the Nth parameter (either <classname>$m1[N]</classname> or <classname>$mN</classname>).
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect>
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<title>Adding translation data</title>
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<para>
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An application called <emphasis>Transy</emphasis> is being developed to make this easier, until then you can create
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the translation data manually.
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect>
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<title>The lang table</title>
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<para>
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The translation class uses the lang table for all translations.
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We are concerned with 4 of the columns to create a translation:
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>message_id</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The key to identify the message (the <classname>$key</classname> passed
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to the <classname>lang()</classname> function). This is written in English.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>app_name</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The application the translation applies to, or
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<classname>common</classname> if it is common across multiple applications.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>lang</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The code for the language the translation is in. </para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>content</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The translated string. </para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect>
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<title>lang.sql</title>
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<para>
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Currently all applications, and the core phpGroupWare source tree
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have a <classname>lang.sql</classname> file. This is the place to add translation
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data. Just add lines of the form:
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<programlisting>
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REPLACE INTO lang (message_id, app_name, lang, content)
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VALUES( 'account has been deleted','common','en','Account has been deleted');
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</programlisting>
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translating the <classname>content</classname> to reflect the <classname>message_id</classname> string in the <classname>lang</classname> language.
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If the string is specific to your application, put your application name in for <classname>app_name</classname>
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otherwise use the name <classname>common</classname>. The <classname>message_id</classname> should be in lower case for a small
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increase in speed.
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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<simplesect>
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<title>Common return codes</title>
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<para>
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If you browse through the phpGroupWare sources, you may notice
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a pattern to the return codes used in the higher-level functions.
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The codes used are partially documented in the <classname>doc/developers/CODES</classname>
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file.
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Codes are used as a simple way to communicate common error and progress
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conditions back to the user. They are mapped to a text string through the
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<classname>check_code()</classname> function, which passes the strings through
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<classname>lang()</classname> before returning.
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For example, calling
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<programlisting>
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echo check_code(13);
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</programlisting>
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Would print
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<classname>
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Your message has been sent
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</classname>
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translated into the current language.
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</para>
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</simplesect>
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</chapter> |