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317 lines
16 KiB
HTML
317 lines
16 KiB
HTML
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
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<TITLE>Adding new fonts and encoding support</TITLE>
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<LINK TYPE="text/css" REL="stylesheet" HREF="../fpdf.css">
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</HEAD>
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<BODY>
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<H2>Adding new fonts and encoding support</H2>
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This tutorial explains how to use TrueType or Type1 fonts so that you are not limited to the standard
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fonts any more. The other interest is that you can choose the font encoding, which allows you to
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use other languages than the Western ones (the standard fonts having too few available characters).
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<BR>
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<BR>
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There are two ways to use a new font: embedding it in the PDF or not. When a font is not
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embedded, it is sought in the system. The advantage is that the PDF file is lighter; on the other
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hand, if it is not available, a substitution font is used. So it is preferable to ensure that the
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needed font is installed on the client systems. If the file is to be viewed by a large audience,
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it is better to embed.
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<BR>
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<BR>
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Adding a new font requires three steps for TrueTypes:
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<UL>
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<LI>Generation of the metric file (.afm)
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<LI>Generation of the font definition file (.php)
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<LI>Declaration of the font in the script
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</UL>
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For Type1, the first one is theoretically not necessary because the AFM file is usually shipped
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with the font. In case you have only a metric file in PFM format, use the convertor available
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<A HREF="http://www.fpdf.org/fr/dl.php?id=34">here</A>.
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<H4 CLASS='st'>Generation of the metric file</H4>
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The first step for a TrueType consists in generating the AFM file. A utility exists to do this
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task: <A HREF="http://ttf2pt1.sourceforge.net" TARGET="_blank">ttf2pt1</A>. The Windows binary
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is available <A HREF="http://www.fpdf.org/fr/dl.php?id=22">here</A>. The command line to use is
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the following:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT>ttf2pt1 -a font.ttf font</TT>
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<BR>
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<BR>
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For example, for Comic Sans MS Regular:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT>ttf2pt1 -a c:\windows\fonts\comic.ttf comic</TT>
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<BR>
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<BR>
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Two files are created; the one we are interested in is comic.afm.
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<H4 CLASS='st'>Generation of the font definition file</H4>
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The second step consists in generating a PHP file containing all the information needed by FPDF;
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in addition, the font file is compressed. To do this, a helper script is provided in the font/makefont/
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directory of the package: makefont.php. It contains the following function:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT>MakeFont(<B>string</B> fontfile, <B>string</B> afmfile [, <B>string</B> enc [, <B>array</B> patch [, <B>string</B> type]]])</TT>
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT><U>fontfile</U></TT>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Path to the .ttf or .pfb file.
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<TT><U>afmfile</U></TT>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Path to the .afm file.
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<TT><U>enc</U></TT>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Name of the encoding to use. Default value: <TT>cp1252</TT>.
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<TT><U>patch</U></TT>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Optional modification of the encoding. Empty by default.
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<TT><U>type</U></TT>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
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Type of the font (<TT>TrueType</TT> or <TT>Type1</TT>). Default value: <TT>TrueType</TT>.
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</BLOCKQUOTE>
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<BR>
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The first parameter is the name of the font file. The extension must be either .ttf or .pfb and
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determines the font type. If you own a Type1 font in ASCII format (.pfa), you can convert it to
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binary format with <A HREF="http://www.lcdf.org/~eddietwo/type/#t1utils" TARGET="_blank">t1utils</A>.
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<BR>
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If you don't want to embed the font, pass an empty string. In this case, type is given by the
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<TT>type</TT> parameter.
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<BR>
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Note: in the case of a font with the same name as a standard one, for instance arial.ttf, it is
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mandatory to embed. If you don't, Acrobat will use its own font.
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<BR>
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<BR>
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The AFM file is the one previously generated.
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<BR>
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<BR>
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The encoding defines the association between a code (from 0 to 255) and a character. The first
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128 are fixed and correspond to ASCII; the following are variable. The encodings are stored in
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.map files. Those available are:
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<UL>
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<LI>cp1250 (Central Europe)
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<LI>cp1251 (Cyrillic)
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<LI>cp1252 (Western Europe)
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<LI>cp1253 (Greek)
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<LI>cp1254 (Turkish)
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<LI>cp1255 (Hebrew)
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<LI>cp1257 (Baltic)
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<LI>cp1258 (Vietnamese)
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<LI>cp874 (Thai)
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<LI>ISO-8859-1 (Western Europe)
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<LI>ISO-8859-2 (Central Europe)
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<LI>ISO-8859-4 (Baltic)
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<LI>ISO-8859-5 (Cyrillic)
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<LI>ISO-8859-7 (Greek)
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<LI>ISO-8859-9 (Turkish)
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<LI>ISO-8859-11 (Thai)
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<LI>ISO-8859-15 (Western Europe)
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<LI>ISO-8859-16 (Central Europe)
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<LI>KOI8-R (Russian)
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<LI>KOI8-U (Ukrainian)
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</UL>
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Of course, the font must contain the characters corresponding to the chosen encoding.
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<BR>
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In the particular case of a symbolic font (that is to say which does not contain letters, such
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as Symbol or ZapfDingbats), pass an empty string.
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<BR>
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The encodings which begin with cp are those used by Windows; Linux systems usually use ISO.
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<BR>
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Remark: the standard fonts use cp1252.
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<BR>
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<BR>
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The fourth parameter gives the possibility to alter the encoding. Sometimes you may want to add
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some characters. For instance, ISO-8859-1 does not contain the euro symbol. To add it at position
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164, pass <TT>array(164=>'Euro')</TT>.
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<BR>
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<BR>
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The last parameter is used to give the type of the font in case it is not embedded (that is to
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say the first parameter is empty).
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<BR>
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<BR>
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After you have called the function (create a new file for this and include makefont.php, or
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simply add the call directly inside), a .php file is created, with the same name as the .afm one.
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You may rename it if you wish. If the case of embedding, the font file is compressed and gives a
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second file with .z as extension (except if the compression function is not available, it
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requires Zlib). You may rename it too, but in this case you have to alter the variable <TT>$file</TT>
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in the .php file accordingly.
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<BR>
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<BR>
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Example:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT>MakeFont('c:\\windows\\fonts\\comic.ttf','comic.afm','cp1252');</TT>
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<BR>
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<BR>
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which gives the files comic.php and comic.z.
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<BR>
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<BR>
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Then you have to copy the generated file(s) either in the directory of the script which will use
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the font, or in the directory given by FPDF_FONTPATH if the constant is defined. If the font file
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could not be compressed, copy the .ttf or .pfb instead of the .z.
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<H4 CLASS='st'>Declaration of the font in the script</H4>
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The last step is the most simple. You just need to call the <A HREF='../doc/addfont.htm'>AddFont()</A> method. For instance:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px">
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<NOBR><code><font color="#000000">
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$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Comic'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">''</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'comic.php'</font><font class="kw">);</font><br>
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</font>
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</code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P>
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or simply:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px">
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<NOBR><code><font color="#000000">
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$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Comic'</font><font class="kw">);</font><br>
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</font>
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</code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P>
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And the font is now available (in regular and underlined styles), usable like the others. If we
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had worked with Comic Sans MS Bold (comicbd.ttf), we would have put:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px">
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<NOBR><code><font color="#000000">
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$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Comic'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'B'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'comicbd.php'</font><font class="kw">);</font><br>
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</font>
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</code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P>
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<H4 CLASS='st'>Example</H4>
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Let's now see a small complete example. The font used is Calligrapher, available at
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<A HREF="http://www.abstractfonts.com/fonts/" TARGET="_blank">www.abstractfonts.com</A> (a site
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offering numerous free TrueType fonts). The first step is the generation of the AFM file:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT>ttf2pt1 -a calligra.ttf calligra</TT>
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<BR>
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<BR>
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which gives calligra.afm (and calligra.t1a that we can delete). Then we generate the definition
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file:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px">
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<NOBR><code><font color="#000000">
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<?php<br><font class="kw">require(</font><font class="str">'../font/makefont/makefont.php'</font><font class="kw">);<br><br></font>MakeFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'calligra.ttf'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'calligra.afm'</font><font class="kw">);<br></font>?>
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</font>
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</code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P>
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The function call gives the following report:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<B>Warning:</B> character Euro is missing<BR>
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<B>Warning:</B> character Zcaron is missing<BR>
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<B>Warning:</B> character zcaron is missing<BR>
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<B>Warning:</B> character eth is missing<BR>
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Font file compressed (calligra.z)<BR>
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Font definition file generated (calligra.php)<BR>
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<BR>
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The euro character is not present in the font (it is too old). Three other characters are missing
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too, but we are not interested in them anyway.
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<BR>
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We can now copy the two files in the font directory and write the script:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px">
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<NOBR><code><font color="#000000">
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<?php<br>define<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'FPDF_FONTPATH'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'font/'</font><font class="kw">);<br>require(</font><font class="str">'fpdf.php'</font><font class="kw">);<br><br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">=new </font>FPDF<font class="kw">();<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Calligrapher'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">''</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'calligra.php'</font><font class="kw">);<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddPage<font class="kw">();<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>SetFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Calligrapher'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">''</font><font class="kw">,</font>35<font class="kw">);<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>Cell<font class="kw">(</font>0<font class="kw">,</font>10<font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'Enjoy new fonts with FPDF!'</font><font class="kw">);<br></font>$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>Output<font class="kw">();<br></font>?>
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</font>
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</code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P>
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<SCRIPT>
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<!--
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if(document.location.href.indexOf('http:')==0)
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{
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document.write("<P CLASS='demo'><A HREF='tuto7.php' TARGET='_blank' CLASS='demo'>[Demo]</A></P>");
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}
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//-->
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</SCRIPT>
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<H4 CLASS='st'>About the euro symbol</H4>
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The euro character is not present in all encodings, and is not always placed at the same position:
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<STYLE>
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TH {text-align:left; background:#E0EBFF}
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TH, TD {padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px; border-bottom-width:0px; border-left-width:1px; border-right-width:0px; border-top-width:1px}
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TR.alt0 {background:#FFFFEE}
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TR.alt1 {background:#FFFFDF}
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</STYLE>
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<TABLE STYLE="margin-left:15px; border-style:outset" BORDER="2" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="2" BGCOLOR2="#FFFFEE">
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<TR><TH CLASS="st">Encoding</TH><TH CLASS="st">Position</TH></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp1250</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>cp1251</TD><TD>136<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp1252</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>cp1253</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp1254</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>cp1255</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp1257</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>cp1258</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>cp874</TD><TD>128<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-1</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>ISO-8859-2</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-4</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>ISO-8859-5</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-7</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>ISO-8859-9</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-11</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>ISO-8859-15</TD><TD>164<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>ISO-8859-16</TD><TD>164<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt0"><TD>KOI8-R</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR>
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<TR CLASS="alt1"><TD>KOI8-U</TD><TD>absent<BR></TD></TR>
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</TABLE>
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<BR>
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ISO-8859-1 is widespread but does not include the euro sign. If you need it, the simplest thing
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to do is using cp1252 or ISO-8859-15 instead, which are nearly identical but contain the precious
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symbol.
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||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
As for ISO-8859-2, it is possible to use ISO-8859-16 instead, but it contains many differences.
|
||
|
|
It is therefore simpler to patch the encoding to add the symbol to it, as explained above. The
|
||
|
|
same is true for the other encodings.
|
||
|
|
<H4 CLASS='st'>Font synthesis under Windows</H4>
|
||
|
|
When a TrueType font is not available in a given style, Windows is able to synthesize it from the
|
||
|
|
regular version. For instance, there is no Comic Sans MS Italic, but it can be built from Comic
|
||
|
|
Sans MS Regular. This feature can be used in a PDF file, but unfortunately requires that the
|
||
|
|
regular font be present in the system (you must not embed it). Here is how to do it:
|
||
|
|
<UL>
|
||
|
|
<LI>Generate the definition file for the regular font without embedding (you may rename it to
|
||
|
|
reflect the desired style)
|
||
|
|
<LI>Open it and append to the variable <TT>$name</TT> a comma followed by the desired style
|
||
|
|
(<TT>Italic</TT>, <TT>Bold</TT> or <TT>BoldItalic</TT>)
|
||
|
|
</UL>
|
||
|
|
For instance, for the file comici.php:
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
<TT>$name='ComicSansMS,Italic';</TT>
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
It can then be used normally:
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" STYLE="color:#4040C0; border-style:ridge" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#B0B0E0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#000000" BORDER="2" CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=0 BGCOLOR="#F0F5FF"><TR><TD style="border-width:0px">
|
||
|
|
<NOBR><code><font color="#000000">
|
||
|
|
$pdf<font class="kw">-></font>AddFont<font class="kw">(</font><font class="str">'Comic'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'I'</font><font class="kw">,</font><font class="str">'comici.php'</font><font class="kw">);</font><br>
|
||
|
|
</font>
|
||
|
|
</code></NOBR></TD></TR></TABLE><P></P>
|
||
|
|
<H4 CLASS='st'>Reducing the size of TrueType fonts</H4>
|
||
|
|
Font files are often quite voluminous (more than 100, even 200KB); this is due to the fact that
|
||
|
|
they contain the characters corresponding to many encodings. Zlib compression reduces them but
|
||
|
|
they remain fairly big. A technique exists to reduce them further. It consists in converting the
|
||
|
|
font to the Type1 format with ttf2pt1 by specifying the encoding you are interested in; all other
|
||
|
|
characters will be discarded.
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
For instance, the arial.ttf font shipped with Windows 98 is 267KB (it contains 1296 characters).
|
||
|
|
After compression it gives 147. Let's convert it to Type1 by keeping only cp1250 characters:
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
<TT>ttf2pt1 -b -L cp1250.map c:\windows\fonts\arial.ttf arial</TT>
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
The .map files are located in the font/makefont/ directory of the package. The command produces
|
||
|
|
arial.pfb and arial.afm. The arial.pfb file is only 35KB, and 30KB after compression.
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
<BR>
|
||
|
|
It is possible to go even further. If you are interested only by a subset of the encoding (you
|
||
|
|
probably don't need all 217 characters), you can open the .map file and remove the lines you are
|
||
|
|
not interested in. This will reduce the file size accordingly.
|
||
|
|
</BODY>
|
||
|
|
</HTML>
|