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egroupware_official/doc/developers/phpGW_Developers-HOWTO.txt

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phpGroupWare Application Development
Dan Kuykendall <dan@kuykendall.org>
v0.5, 09 September 2000
This document explains phpGroupWare's infastructure and API, along
with what is required to integrate applications into it.
______________________________________________________________________
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Overview of application writing
1.2 What does the phpGroupWare API provide?
2. Guidelines
2.1 Requirements
2.2 Writing/porting your application
2.2.1 Include files
3. Installing your application
3.1 Overview
3.2 Automatic features
3.3 Adding files, directories and icons.
3.4 Making phpGroupWare aware of your application
4. Infastructure
4.1 Overview
4.2 Directory tree
4.3 Translations
5. The API
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Basic functions
5.2.1 $phpgw->link
5.3 Application Functions
5.3.1 $phpgw->common->appsession
5.4 File functions
5.4.1 $phpgw->vfs->read_file
5.4.2 $phpgw->vfs->write_file
5.4.3 $phpgw->vfs->read_userfile
5.4.4 $phpgw->vfs->write_userfile
5.4.5 $phpgw->vfs->list_userfiles
5.5 Email/NNTP Functions
5.5.1 $phpgw->send->msg
6. Configuration Variables
6.1 Introduction
6.2 User information
6.3 Group information
6.4 Server information
6.5 Database information
6.6 Mail information
6.7 NNTP information
6.8 Application information
7. Using Language Support
7.1 Overview
7.2 How to use lang support
8. Using Templates
8.1 Overview
8.2 How to use templates
9. About this document
9.1 New versions
9.2 Comments
9.3 History
9.4 Copyrights and Trademarks
9.5 Acknowledgements and Thanks
______________________________________________________________________
11.. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn
phpGroupWare is a web based groupware application framework (API), for
writing applications. Integrated applications such as email, calendar,
todo list, address book, and file manager are included.
11..11.. OOvveerrvviieeww ooff aapppplliiccaattiioonn wwrriittiinngg
We have attempted to make writing application for phpGroupWare as
painless as possible. We hope any pain and suffering is cause by
making your application work, but not dealing with phpGroupWare
itself.
11..22.. WWhhaatt ddooeess tthhee pphhppGGrroouuppWWaarree AAPPII pprroovviiddee??
The phpGroupWare API handles session management, user/group
management, has support for multiple databases, using the PHPLIB
database abstraction method, we support templates using the PHPLIB
Templates class, a file system interface, and even a network i/o
interface.
On top of these standard functions, phpgroupWare provides several
functions to give you the information you need about the users
environment, and to properly plug into phpgroupWare.
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22..11.. RReeqquuiirreemmeennttss
These guidelines must be followed for any application that wants
considered for inclusion into phpGroupWare deluxe.
It must run on PHP3 and PHP4.
SQL statements must be compatible with both MySQL and PostgreSQL.
It must use our default header.inc.php include.
It must use our $phpgw_link($url) for all links (this is for session
support).
It must use "post" for forms.
It must respect phpGW group rights and phpGW user permissions.
It must use our directory structure, template support and lang (multi-
language) support.
Where possible it should run on both Unix and NT platforms.
For applications that do not meet these requirements, they can be
avalible to users via the phpGroupWare Apps project, or whatever means
the developers decide.
If you need help converting your application to templates and our lang
support, we will try to connect you with someone to help.
22..22.. WWrriittiinngg//ppoorrttiinngg yyoouurr aapppplliiccaattiioonn
22..22..11.. IInncclluuddee ffiilleess
Each PHP page you write will need to include the header.inc.php along
with a few variables.
This is done by putting this at the top of each PHP page.
______________________________________________________________________
<?php
$phpgw_info["flags"]["currentapp"] = "appname";
include("../header.inc.php");
?>
______________________________________________________________________
Of course change application name to fit.
This include will provide the following things:
+o The phpgwAPI - The phpGroupWare API will be loaded.
+o The phpGW navbar will be loaded (by default, but can be disabled
until a later point.
+o appname/inc/functions.inc.php - This file is loaded just after the
phpgwAPI and before any html code is generated. This file should
include all your application specific functions.. You are welcome
to include any additional files you need from within this file.
+o appname/inc/header.inc.php - This file is loaded just after the
system header/navbar, and allows developers to use it for whatever
they need to load.
+o appname/inc/footer.inc.php - This file is loaded just before the
system footer, allowing developers to close connections and
whetever else they need.
+o The phpGW footer will be loaded, which closes several connections.
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33..11.. OOvveerrvviieeww
It is fairly simple to add and delete applications to/from
phpGroupWare.
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To make things easy for developers we go ahead and load the following
files.
+o appname/inc/functions.inc.php - This file should include all your
application specific functions.
+o appname/inc/header.inc.php - This file is loaded just after the
system header/navbar, and allows developers to use it for whatever
they need to load.
+o appname/inc/footer.inc.php - This file is loaded just before the
system footer, allowing developers to close connections and
whetever else they need.
33..33.. AAddddiinngg ffiilleess,, ddiirreeccttoorriieess aanndd iiccoonnss..
You will need to create the following directories for your code
(replace 'appname' with your application name)
`-- appname
`-- images
| `-- navbar.gif
`-- inc
| |-- functions.inc.php
| |-- header.inc.php
| `-- footer.inc.php
`-- templates
`-- default
33..44.. MMaakkiinngg pphhppGGrroouuppWWaarree aawwaarree ooff yyoouurr aapppplliiccaattiioonn
To make the application aware of your application, add your
application details to the applications table. This can be done via
the GUI administration screen, or via a sql script.
insert into applications (app_name, app_title, app_enabled) values ('appname', 'The App name', 1);
44.. IInnffaassttrruuccttuurree
44..11.. OOvveerrvviieeww
phpGroupWare attempts to provide developers with a sound directory
structure to work from.
The directory layout may seem complex at first, but after some use,
you will see that it is designed to accommidate a large number of
applications and functions.
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.-- addressbook
| `-- images
| | `-- navbar.gif
| `-- inc
| | |-- functions.inc.php
| | |-- header.inc.php
| | `-- footer.inc.php
| `-- templates
| `-- default
|-- admin
| `-- images
| | `-- navbar.gif
| `-- inc
| | |-- functions.inc.php
| | |-- header.inc.php
| | `-- footer.inc.php
| `-- templates
| `-- default
|-- calendar
| `-- images
| | `-- navbar.gif
| `-- inc
| | |-- functions.inc.php
| | |-- header.inc.php
| | `-- footer.inc.php
| `-- templates
| `-- default
|-- cron
|-- doc
|-- email
| `-- images
| | `-- navbar.gif
| `-- inc
| | |-- functions.inc.php
| | |-- header.inc.php
| | `-- footer.inc.php
| `-- templates
| `-- default
|-- filemanager
|-- files
| |-- groups
| `-- users
|-- inc
| |-- phpgwapi
| |-- phpgw.inc.php
| |-- phpgw_info.inc.php
| |-- phpgw_common.inc.php
| | `-- etc...
| `-- templates
| |-- default
| | |-- addressbook
| | |-- admin
| | |-- calendar
| | |-- common
| | |-- email
| | |-- filemanager
| | |-- headlines
| | |-- preferences
| | |-- todo
| | `-- tts
| `-- icons
| |-- email
| |-- calendar
| `-- tts
|-- preferences
| `-- images
| | `-- navbar.gif
| `-- inc
| | |-- functions.inc.php
| | |-- header.inc.php
| | `-- footer.inc.php
| `-- templates
| `-- default
|-- themes
`-- todo
`-- images
| `-- navbar.gif
`-- inc
| |-- functions.inc.php
| |-- header.inc.php
| `-- footer.inc.php
`-- templates
`-- default
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The translations are now being done thru the database, and will be
configurable to use other mechanisms.
We are completing a program called Transy, which will provide
developers/translators a nice GUI for building and updating
translations.
In the mean time you will need to create a sql script yourself and
name it lang.sql. You can copy the one in doc/lang.sql and use it as a
template.
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55..11.. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn
phpGroupWare attempts to provide developers with a useful API to
handle common tasks.
To do this we have created a multi-dimensional class $phpgw->.
This allows for terrific code organization, and help developers easily
identify the file that the function is in. All the files that are
patr of this class are in the inc/core directory and are named to
match the sub-class.
Example: $phpgw->send->msg() is in the inc/phpgwapi/phpgw_send.inc.php
file.
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55..22..11.. $$pphhppggww-->>lliinnkk
$phpgw->link($url)
Add support for session management. ALL links must use this, that
includes href's form actions and header location's.
If you are just doing a form action back to the same page, you can use
it without any paramaters.
This function is right at the core of the class because it is used so
often, we wanted to save developers a few keystrokes. Example:
______________________________________________________________________
<form name=copy method=post action="<?php echo $phpgw->link();?>">
/* If session management is done via passing url paramaters */
/* The the result would be */
/* <form name=copy method=post action="somepage.php?sessionid=87687693276?kp3=kjh98u80"> */
______________________________________________________________________
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55..33..11.. $$pphhppggww-->>ccoommmmoonn-->>aappppsseessssiioonn
$phpgw->common->appsession($data)
Store important information session information that your application
needs.
$phpgw->appsession will return the value of your session data is you
leave the paramater enmpty [i.e. $phpgw->appsession("")], otherwise it
will store whatever data you send to it.
You can also store a comma delimited string and use explode() to turn
it back into an array when you recieve the value back.
Example:
______________________________________________________________________
$phpgw->common->appsession("/path/to/something");
echo "Dir: " . $phpgw->common->appsession();
______________________________________________________________________
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55..44..11.. $$pphhppggww-->>vvffss-->>rreeaadd__ffiillee
$phpgw->vfs->read_file($file)
Returns the data from $file.
You must send the complete path to the file.
Example:
______________________________________________________________________
$data = $phpgw->vfs->read_file("/some/dir/to/file.txt");
______________________________________________________________________
55..44..22.. $$pphhppggww-->>vvffss-->>wwrriittee__ffiillee
$phpgw->vfs->write_file($file, $contents)
Write data to $file.
You must send the complete path to the file.
Example:
______________________________________________________________________
$data = $phpgw->vfs->write_file("/some/dir/to/file.txt");
______________________________________________________________________
55..44..33.. $$pphhppggww-->>vvffss-->>rreeaadd__uusseerrffiillee
$phpgw->vfs->read_userfile($file)
Returns the data from $file, which resides in the users private dir.
Example:
______________________________________________________________________
$data = $phpgw->vfs->read_userfile("file.txt");
______________________________________________________________________
55..44..44.. $$pphhppggww-->>vvffss-->>wwrriittee__uusseerrffiillee
$phpgw->write_userfile($file, $contents)
Writes data to $file, which resides in the users private dir.
Example:
______________________________________________________________________
$data = $phpgw->vfs->write_userfile("file.txt");
______________________________________________________________________
55..44..55.. $$pphhppggww-->>vvffss-->>lliisstt__uusseerrffiilleess
$phpgw->vfs->list_userfiles()
Returns an array which has the list of files in the users private dir.
Example:
______________________________________________________________________
$filelist = array();
$filelist = $phpgw->vfs->list_userfiles();
______________________________________________________________________
55..55.. EEmmaaiill//NNNNTTPP FFuunnccttiioonnss
55..55..11.. $$pphhppggww-->>sseenndd-->>mmssgg
$phpgw->msg->send($service, $to, $subject, $body, $msgtype, $cc, $bcc)
Send a message via email or NNTP and returns any error codes.
Example:
______________________________________________________________________
$to = "someuser@domain.com";
$subject = "Hello buddy";
$body = "Give me a call\n Been wondering what your up to.";
$errors = $phpgw->msg->send("email", $to, $subject, $body);
______________________________________________________________________
66.. CCoonnffiigguurraattiioonn VVaarriiaabblleess
66..11.. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn
phpGroupWare attempt to provide developers with as much information
about the user, group, server, and application configuration as
possible.
To do this we provide a multi-dimensional array called
'$phpgw_info[]', which includes all the information about your
environment.
Due to the multi-dimensional array approach. getting these values is
easy.
Here are some examples:
______________________________________________________________________
<?php
// To do a hello username
echo "Hello " . $phpgw_info["user"]["fullname"];
//If username first name is John and last name is Doe, prints: 'Hello John Doe'
?>
<?php
// To find out the location of the imap server
echo "IMAP Server is named: " . $phpgw_info["server"]["imap_server"];
//If imap is running on localhost, prints: 'IMAP Server is named: localhost'
?>
______________________________________________________________________
66..22.. UUsseerr iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn
$phpgw_info["user"]["userid"] = The user ID.
$phpgw_info["user"]["sessionid"] = The session ID
$phpgw_info["user"]["theme"] = Selected theme
$phpgw_info["user"]["private_dir"] = Users private dir. Use
phpgroupware core functions for access to the files.
$phpgw_info["user"]["firstname"] = Users first name
$phpgw_info["user"]["lastname"] = Users last name
$phpgw_info["user"]["fullname"] = Users Full Name
$phpgw_info["user"]["groups"] = Groups the user is a member of
$phpgw_info["user"]["app_perms"] = If the user has access to the
current application
$phpgw_info["user"]["lastlogin"] = Last time the user logged in.
$phpgw_info["user"]["lastloginfrom"] = Where they logged in from the
last time.
$phpgw_info["user"]["lastpasswd_change"] = Last time they changed
their password.
$phpgw_info["user"]["passwd"] = Hashed password.
$phpgw_info["user"]["status"] = If the user is enabled.
$phpgw_info["user"]["logintime"] = Time they logged into their current
session.
$phpgw_info["user"]["session_dla"] = Last time they did anything in
their current session
$phpgw_info["user"]["session_ip"] = Current IP address
66..33.. GGrroouupp iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn
$phpgw_info["group"]["group_names"] = List of groups.
66..44.. SSeerrvveerr iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn
$phpgw_info["server"]["server_root"] = Main installation directory
$phpgw_info["server"]["include_root"] = Location of the 'inc'
directory.
$phpgw_info["server"]["temp_dir"] = Directory that can be used for
temporarily storing files
$phpgw_info["server"]["common_include_dir"] = Location of the
core/shared include files.
$phpgw_info["server"]["template_dir"] = Active template files
directory. This is defaulted by the server, and changeable by the
user.
$phpgw_info["server"]["dir_separator"] = Allows compatibility with
WindowsNT directory format,
$phpgw_info["server"]["encrpytkey"] =
$phpgw_info["server"]["site_title"] = Site Title will show in the
title bar of each webpage.
$phpgw_info["server"]["webserver_url"] = URL to phpGroupWare
installation.
$phpgw_info["server"]["charset"] = Unknown
$phpgw_info["server"]["version"] = phpGroupWare version.
66..55.. DDaattaabbaassee iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn
It is unlikely you will need these, because $phpgw_info_db will
already be loaded as a database for you to use.
$phpgw_info["server"]["db_host"] = Address of the database server.
Usually this is set to localhost.
$phpgw_info["server"]["db_name"] = Database name.
$phpgw_info["server"]["db_user"] = User name.
$phpgw_info["server"]["db_pass"] = Password
$phpgw_info["server"]["db_type"] = Type of database. Currently MySQL
and PostgreSQL are supported.
66..66.. MMaaiill iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn
It is unlikely you will need these, because most email needs are
services thru core phpGroupWare functions.
$phpgw_info["server"]["mail_server"] = Address of the IMAP server.
Usually this is set to localhost.
$phpgw_info["server"]["mail_server_type"] = IMAP or POP3
$phpgw_info["server"]["imap_server_type"] = Cyrus or Uwash
$phpgw_info["server"]["imap_port"] = This is usually 143, and should
only be changed if there is a good reason.
$phpgw_info["server"]["mail_suffix] = This is the domain name, used to
add to email address
$phpgw_info["server"]["mail_login_type"] = This adds support for
VMailMgr. Generally this hsould be set to 'standard'.
$phpgw_info["server"]["smtp_server"] = Address of the SMTP server.
Usually this is set to localhost.
$phpgw_info["server"]["smtp_port"] = This is usually 25, and should
only be changed if there is a good reason.
66..77.. NNNNTTPP iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn
$phpgw_info["server"]["nntp_server"] = Address of the NNTP server.
$phpgw_info["server"]["nntp_port"] = This is usually XX, and should
only be changed if there is a good reason.
$phpgw_info["server"]["nntp_sender"] = Unknown
$phpgw_info["server"]["nntp_organization"] = Unknown
$phpgw_info["server"]["nntp_admin"] = Uknown
66..88.. AApppplliiccaattiioonn iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn
Each application has the following information avalible.
$phpgw_info["apps"]["appname"]["title"] = The title of the
application.
$phpgw_info["apps"]["appname"]["enabled"] = If the application is
enabled. True or False.
$phpgw_info["server"]["app_include_dir"] = Location of the current
application include files.
$phpgw_info["server"]["app_template_dir"] = Location of the current
application tpl files.
$phpgw_info["server"]["app_lang_dir"] = Location of the current lang
directory.
$phpgw_info["server"]["app_auth"] = If the server and current user
have access to current application
$phpgw_info["server"]["app_current"] = name of the current
application.
77.. UUssiinngg LLaanngguuaaggee SSuuppppoorrtt
77..11.. OOvveerrvviieeww
phpGroupWare is built using a multi-language support scheme. This
means the pages can be translated to other languages very easily. It
is done thru a series of lang files, which can be translated and
selected by the user.
77..22.. HHooww ttoo uussee llaanngg ssuuppppoorrtt
Some instructions on using the lang files.
Under inc/lang there needs to be a sub-directory for each langague.
Inside the directory there are a number of files for each application.
There is one common file which contains a list of words that all
applications use. ie, add, delete, edit, etc...
Words that are specific to a application should be stored with that
applications include file.
______________________________________________________________________
function lang_todo($message, $m1 = "", $m2 = "", $m3 = "", $m4 = "")
{
$message = strtolower($message);
switch($message)
{
case "urgency": $s = "Urgency"; break;
case "completed": $s = "completed"; break;
[ snip ]
default: $s = "<b>*</b> " . $message;
}
return $s;
}
______________________________________________________________________
The list of words in the left column should always be written in
english. The second column is used to return those words in that
includes language. $m1, $m2, $m3, and $m4 are used to pass extra data
to be place in the middle of a sentence.
For example:
You have 29 new messages!
The default should return a bold faced * and the word that wasn't
found. This allows users to notice that something is missing in the
files and make changes if necessary.
88.. UUssiinngg TTeemmppllaatteess
88..11.. OOvveerrvviieeww
phpGroupWare is built using a templates based design. This means the
display pages, stored in tpl files, can be translated to other
languages, made to look completely different.
88..22.. HHooww ttoo uussee tteemmppllaatteess
Some instructions on using templates
For Further info read the PHPLIBs documentation for their template
class.
99.. AAbboouutt tthhiiss ddooccuummeenntt
99..11.. NNeeww vveerrssiioonnss
The newest version of this document can be found on our website
<http://www.phpgroupware.org> as SGML source, as HTML and as TEXT.
99..22.. CCoommmmeennttss
Comments on this HOWTO should be directed to the phpGroupWare
developers mailing list phpgroupware-developers@lists.sourceforge.net
<mailto:phpgroupware-developers@lists.sourceforge.net>.
To subscribe, go to <http://sourceforge.net/mail/?group_id=7305>
99..33.. HHiissttoorryy
This document was written by Dan Kuykendall.
99..44.. CCooppyyrriigghhttss aanndd TTrraaddeemmaarrkkss
Copyright (c) Dan Kuykendall. Permission is granted to copy,
distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free
Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by
the Free Software Foundation
A copy of the license is available at GNU Free Documentation License
<http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.txt>.
99..55.. AAcckknnoowwlleeddggeemmeennttss aanndd TThhaannkkss
Thanks to Joesph Engo for starting phpGroupWare (at the time called
webdistro). Thanks to all the developers and users who contribute to
making phpGroupWare such a success.
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