resolve merge conflicts

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -25,10 +25,16 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
-        python-version: [3.7, 3.8, 3.9, "3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+        python-version:
+          - '3.12'
+          - '3.11'
+          - '3.10'
+          - '3.9'
+          - '3.8'
+          - '3.7'
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}

Makefile

@@ -124,7 +124,8 @@ test-dist: test-sdist test-bdist-wheel
 
 test-sdist: clean venv
 	@echo $(H1)Testing sdist build an installation$(H1END)
-	$(VENV_PYTHON) setup.py sdist
+	$(VENV_PIP) install build
+	$(VENV_PYTHON) -m build --sdist
 	$(VENV_PIP) install --force-reinstall --upgrade dist/*.gz
 	$(VENV_BIN)/http --version
 	@echo
@@ -132,8 +133,8 @@ test-sdist: clean venv
 
 test-bdist-wheel: clean venv
 	@echo $(H1)Testing wheel build an installation$(H1END)
-	$(VENV_PIP) install wheel
+	$(VENV_PIP) install build
-	$(VENV_PYTHON) setup.py bdist_wheel
+	$(VENV_PYTHON) -m build --wheel
 	$(VENV_PIP) install --force-reinstall --upgrade dist/*.whl
 	$(VENV_BIN)/http --version
 	@echo

README.md

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@
 
 <div align="center">
 
-[![HTTPie for Desktop](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=HTTPie&message=for%20Desktop&color=4B78E6)](https://httpie.io/product)
+[![HTTPie for Desktop](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=HTTPie&message=Desktop&color=4B78E6)](https://httpie.io/product)
-[![](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=HTTPie&message=for%20Web%20%26%20Mobile&color=73DC8C)](https://httpie.io/app)
+[![](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=HTTPie&message=Web%20%26%20Mobile&color=73DC8C)](https://httpie.io/app)
-[![](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=HTTPie&message=for%20Terminal&color=FA9BFA)](https://httpie.io/cli)
+[![](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=HTTPie&message=CLI&color=FA9BFA)](https://httpie.io/cli)
 [![Twitter](https://img.shields.io/twitter/follow/httpie?style=flat&color=%234B78E6&logoColor=%234B78E6)](https://twitter.com/httpie)
 [![Chat](https://img.shields.io/discord/725351238698270761?style=flat&label=Chat%20on%20Discord&color=%23FA9BFA)](https://httpie.io/discord)
 
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 [![Latest version](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/httpie.svg?style=flat&label=Latest&color=%234B78E6&logo=&logoColor=white)](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/httpie)
 [![Build](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/httpie/cli/tests.yml?branch=master&color=%23FA9BFA&label=Build)](https://github.com/httpie/cli/actions)
 [![Coverage](https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/httpie/cli?style=flat&label=Coverage&color=%2373DC8C)](https://codecov.io/gh/httpie/cli)
+[![PyPi downloads](https://img.shields.io/pepy/dt/httpie?style=flat&label=Downloads%20from%20PyPi%20only&color=4B78E6)](https://www.pepy.tech/projects/httpie)
 
 </div>
 
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ Custom [HTTP method](https://httpie.io/docs#http-method), [HTTP headers](https:/
 http PUT pie.dev/put X-API-Token:123 name=John
 ```
 
-Build and print a request without sending it using [offline mode](https://httpie.io/docs#offline-mode):
+Build and print a request without sending it using [offline mode](https://httpie.io/docs/cli/offline-mode):
 
 ```bash
 http --offline pie.dev/post hello=offline

docs/README.md

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ Also works for other Debian-derived distributions like MX Linux, Linux Mint, dee
 ```bash
 # Install httpie
 $ curl -SsL https://packages.httpie.io/deb/KEY.gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/httpie.gpg
-$ sudo echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/httpie.gpg] https://packages.httpie.io/deb ./" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/httpie.list
+$ echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/httpie.gpg] https://packages.httpie.io/deb ./" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/httpie.list > /dev/null
 $ sudo apt update
 $ sudo apt install httpie
 ```
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ $ http pie.dev/get text==@files/text.txt
 ### URL shortcuts for `localhost`
 
 Additionally, curl-like shorthand for localhost is supported.
-This means that, for example, `:3000` would expand to `http://localhost:3000`
+This means that, for example, `:3000` would expand to `http://localhost:3000`.
 If the port is omitted, then port 80 is assumed.
 
 ```bash
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ $ http-unix %2Fvar%2Frun%2Fdocker.sock/info
 
 ### `--path-as-is`
 
-The standard behavior of HTTP clients is to normalize the path portion of URLs by squashing dot segments as a typically filesystem would:
+The standard behavior of HTTP clients is to normalize the path portion of URLs by squashing dot segments as a typical filesystem would:
 
 ```bash
 $ http -v example.org/./../../etc/password
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ Note that the structured data fields aren’t the only way to specify request da
 ### File based separators
 
 Using file contents as values for specific fields is a very common use case, which can be achieved through adding the `@` suffix to
-the operators above. For example instead of using a static string as the value for some header, you can use `:@` operator
+the operators above. For example, instead of using a static string as the value for some header, you can use `:@` operator
 to pass the desired value from a file.
 
 ```bash
@@ -749,7 +749,7 @@ $ http --offline --print=B pie.dev/post \
 ```
 
 ```json
-{
+{
     "category": "tools",
     "search": {
         "keywords": [
@@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@ by individual commands when sending a request instead of being joined together.
 
 Generating raw requests that can be sent with any other client:
 
-```bash
+```bash
 # 1. save a raw request to a file:
 $ http --offline POST pie.dev/post hello=world > request.http
 ```

docs/installation/methods.yml

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ tools:
       install:
         - curl -SsL https://packages.httpie.io/deb/KEY.gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/httpie.gpg
       # - curl -SsL -o /etc/apt/sources.list.d/httpie.list https://packages.httpie.io/deb/httpie.list
-        - sudo echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/httpie.gpg] https://packages.httpie.io/deb ./" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/httpie.list
+        - echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/httpie.gpg] https://packages.httpie.io/deb ./" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/httpie.list > /dev/null
         - sudo apt update
         - sudo apt install httpie
       upgrade:

httpie/internal/update_warnings.py

@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ def _fetch_updates(env: Environment) -> str:
     file = env.config.version_info_file
     data = _read_data_error_free(file)
 
+    print("fetch update...?")
+
     response = niquests.get(PACKAGE_INDEX_LINK, verify=False)
     response.raise_for_status()
 

setup.cfg

@@ -22,8 +22,97 @@ filterwarnings =
     ignore:Passing msg=\.\. is deprecated:DeprecationWarning
     ignore:Unverified HTTPS request is being made to host:urllib3.exceptions.InsecureRequestWarning
 
+[metadata]
+name = httpie
+version = attr: httpie.__version__
+author = Jakub Roztocil
+author_email = jakub@roztocil.co
+license = BSD
+description = HTTPie: modern, user-friendly command-line HTTP client for the API era.
+url = https://httpie.io/
+long_description = file: README.md
+long_description_content_type = text/markdown
+classifiers =
+    Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+    Programming Language :: Python
+    Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+    Environment :: Console
+    Intended Audience :: Developers
+    Intended Audience :: System Administrators
+    License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+    Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP
+    Topic :: Software Development
+    Topic :: System :: Networking
+    Topic :: Terminals
+    Topic :: Text Processing
+    Topic :: Utilities
+project_urls =
+    GitHub = https://github.com/httpie/cli
+    Twitter = https://twitter.com/httpie
+    Discord = https://httpie.io/discord
+    Documentation = https://httpie.io/docs
+    Online Demo = https://httpie.io/run
+
+
+[options]
+packages = find:
+install_requires =
+    pip
+    charset_normalizer>=2.0.0
+    defusedxml>=0.6.0
+    niquests[socks]>=3
+    Pygments>=2.5.2
+    setuptools
+    importlib-metadata>=1.4.0; python_version<"3.8"
+    rich>=9.10.0
+    colorama>=0.2.4; sys_platform=="win32"
+python_requires = >=3.7
+
+
 [flake8]
 # <https://flake8.pycqa.org/en/latest/user/error-codes.html>
 # E501 - line too long
 # W503 - line break before binary operator
 ignore = E501,W503
+
+[options.packages.find]
+include =
+    httpie
+    httpie.*
+
+[options.entry_points]
+console_scripts =
+    http = httpie.__main__:main
+    https = httpie.__main__:main
+    httpie = httpie.manager.__main__:main
+
+[options.extras_require]
+dev =
+    pytest
+    pytest-httpbin>=0.0.6
+    responses
+    pytest-mock
+    werkzeug<2.1.0
+    flake8
+    flake8-comprehensions
+    flake8-deprecated
+    flake8-mutable
+    flake8-tuple
+    pyopenssl
+    pytest-cov
+    pyyaml
+    twine
+    wheel
+    Jinja2
+test =
+    pytest
+    pytest-httpbin>=0.0.6
+    responses
+    pytest-mock
+    werkzeug<2.1.0
+
+[options.data_files]
+share/man/man1 =
+    extras/man/http.1
+    extras/man/https.1
+    extras/man/httpie.1

setup.py

@@ -1,120 +1,3 @@
-# This is purely the result of trial and error.
+from setuptools import setup
 
-import sys
+setup()
-
-from setuptools import setup, find_packages
-
-import httpie
-
-
-# Note: keep requirements here to ease distributions packaging
-tests_require = [
-    'pytest<8',
-    'pytest-httpbin>=0.0.6',
-    'pytest-lazy-fixture>=0.0.6',
-    'responses',
-    'pytest-mock',
-    'werkzeug<2.1.0',
-    'flaky',
-]
-dev_require = [
-    *tests_require,
-    'flake8',
-    'flake8-comprehensions',
-    'flake8-deprecated',
-    'flake8-mutable',
-    'flake8-tuple',
-    'pytest-cov',
-    'pyyaml',
-    'twine',
-    'wheel',
-    'Jinja2'
-]
-install_requires = [
-    'pip',
-    'charset_normalizer>=2.0.0',
-    'defusedxml>=0.6.0',
-    'niquests[socks]>=3.4.0,<4',
-    'Pygments>=2.5.2',
-    'setuptools',
-    'importlib-metadata>=1.4.0; python_version < "3.8"',
-    'rich>=9.10.0',
-]
-install_requires_win_only = [
-    'colorama>=0.2.4',
-]
-
-# Conditional dependencies:
-
-# sdist
-if 'bdist_wheel' not in sys.argv:
-
-    if 'win32' in str(sys.platform).lower():
-        # Terminal colors for Windows
-        install_requires.extend(install_requires_win_only)
-
-
-# bdist_wheel
-extras_require = {
-    'dev': dev_require,
-    'test': tests_require,
-    # https://wheel.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#defining-conditional-dependencies
-    ':sys_platform == "win32"': install_requires_win_only,
-}
-
-
-def long_description():
-    with open('README.md', encoding='utf-8') as f:
-        return f.read()
-
-
-setup(
-    name='httpie',
-    version=httpie.__version__,
-    description=httpie.__doc__.strip(),
-    long_description=long_description(),
-    long_description_content_type='text/markdown',
-    url='https://httpie.io/',
-    download_url=f'https://github.com/httpie/cli/archive/{httpie.__version__}.tar.gz',
-    author=httpie.__author__,
-    author_email='jakub@roztocil.co',
-    license=httpie.__licence__,
-    packages=find_packages(include=['httpie', 'httpie.*']),
-    entry_points={
-        'console_scripts': [
-            'http = httpie.__main__:main',
-            'https = httpie.__main__:main',
-            'httpie = httpie.manager.__main__:main',
-        ],
-    },
-    python_requires='>=3.7',
-    extras_require=extras_require,
-    install_requires=install_requires,
-    classifiers=[
-        'Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable',
-        'Programming Language :: Python',
-        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only',
-        'Environment :: Console',
-        'Intended Audience :: Developers',
-        'Intended Audience :: System Administrators',
-        'License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License',
-        'Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP',
-        'Topic :: Software Development',
-        'Topic :: System :: Networking',
-        'Topic :: Terminals',
-        'Topic :: Text Processing',
-        'Topic :: Utilities'
-    ],
-    project_urls={
-        'GitHub': 'https://github.com/httpie/cli',
-        'Twitter': 'https://twitter.com/httpie',
-        'Discord': 'https://httpie.io/discord',
-        'Documentation': 'https://httpie.io/docs',
-        'Online Demo': 'https://httpie.io/run',
-    },
-    data_files=[
-        ('share/man/man1', ['extras/man/http.1']),
-        ('share/man/man1', ['extras/man/https.1']),
-        ('share/man/man1', ['extras/man/httpie.1']),
-    ]
-)

tests/conftest.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import socket
 
 import pytest
 from pytest_httpbin import certs
+from pytest_httpbin.serve import Server as PyTestHttpBinServer
 
 from .utils import (  # noqa
     HTTPBIN_WITH_CHUNKED_SUPPORT_DOMAIN,
@@ -19,6 +20,10 @@ from .utils.plugins_cli import ( # noqa
 )
 from .utils.http_server import http_server, localhost_http_server  # noqa
 
+
+# Patch to support `url = str(server)` in addition to `url = server + '/foo'`.
+PyTestHttpBinServer.__str__ = lambda self: self.url
+
 from sys import modules
 
 import niquests

tests/test_auth.py

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def test_bearer_auth(httpbin_both, token):
             new=lambda self, prompt: 'password')
 def test_password_prompt(httpbin):
     r = http('--auth', 'user',
-             'GET', httpbin.url + '/basic-auth/user/password')
+             'GET', httpbin + '/basic-auth/user/password')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.json == {'authenticated': True, 'user': 'user'}
 

tests/test_binary.py

@@ -15,18 +15,18 @@ class TestBinaryRequestData:
                 stdin_isatty=False,
                 stdout_isatty=False
             )
-            r = http('--print=B', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post', env=env)
+            r = http('--print=B', 'POST', httpbin + '/post', env=env)
             assert r == BIN_FILE_CONTENT
 
     def test_binary_file_path(self, httpbin):
         env = MockEnvironment(stdin_isatty=True, stdout_isatty=False)
-        r = http('--print=B', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+        r = http('--print=B', 'POST', httpbin + '/post',
                  '@' + BIN_FILE_PATH_ARG, env=env)
         assert r == BIN_FILE_CONTENT
 
     def test_binary_file_form(self, httpbin):
         env = MockEnvironment(stdin_isatty=True, stdout_isatty=False)
-        r = http('--print=B', '--form', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+        r = http('--print=B', '--form', 'POST', httpbin + '/post',
                  'test@' + BIN_FILE_PATH_ARG, env=env)
         assert bytes(BIN_FILE_CONTENT) in bytes(r)
 

tests/test_cli.py

@@ -154,17 +154,17 @@ class TestItemParsing:
 
 class TestQuerystring:
     def test_query_string_params_in_url(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--print=Hhb', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get?a=1&b=2')
+        r = http('--print=Hhb', 'GET', httpbin + '/get?a=1&b=2')
         path = '/get?a=1&b=2'
-        url = httpbin.url + path
+        url = httpbin + path
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert f'GET {path} HTTP/1.1' in r
         assert f'"url": "{url}"' in r
 
     def test_query_string_params_items(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--print=Hhb', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get', 'a==1')
+        r = http('--print=Hhb', 'GET', httpbin + '/get', 'a==1')
         path = '/get?a=1'
-        url = httpbin.url + path
+        url = httpbin + path
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert f'GET {path} HTTP/1.1' in r
         assert f'"url": "{url}"' in r
@@ -172,9 +172,9 @@ class TestQuerystring:
     def test_query_string_params_in_url_and_items_with_duplicates(self,
                                                                   httpbin):
         r = http('--print=Hhb', 'GET',
-                 httpbin.url + '/get?a=1&a=1', 'a==1', 'a==1')
+                 httpbin + '/get?a=1&a=1', 'a==1', 'a==1')
         path = '/get?a=1&a=1&a=1&a=1'
-        url = httpbin.url + path
+        url = httpbin + path
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert f'GET {path} HTTP/1.1' in r
         assert f'"url": "{url}"' in r
@@ -323,11 +323,11 @@ class TestArgumentParser:
 class TestNoOptions:
 
     def test_valid_no_options(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--verbose', '--no-verbose', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get')
+        r = http('--verbose', '--no-verbose', 'GET', httpbin + '/get')
         assert 'GET /get HTTP/1.1' not in r
 
     def test_invalid_no_options(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--no-war', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r = http('--no-war', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                  tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
         assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR
         assert 'unrecognized arguments: --no-war' in r.stderr
@@ -341,13 +341,13 @@ class TestStdin:
             stdin=StdinBytesIO(FILE_PATH.read_bytes()),
             stdin_isatty=False,
         )
-        r = http('--ignore-stdin', '--verbose', httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+        r = http('--ignore-stdin', '--verbose', httpbin + '/get', env=env)
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert 'GET /get HTTP' in r, "Don't default to POST."
         assert FILE_CONTENT not in r, "Don't send stdin data."
 
     def test_ignore_stdin_cannot_prompt_password(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--ignore-stdin', '--auth=no-password', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r = http('--ignore-stdin', '--auth=no-password', httpbin + '/get',
                  tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
         assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR
         assert 'because --ignore-stdin' in r.stderr

tests/test_compress.py

@@ -29,14 +29,14 @@ def assert_decompressed_equal(base64_compressed_data, expected_str):
 
 
 def test_cannot_combine_compress_with_chunked(httpbin):
-    r = http('--compress', '--chunked', httpbin.url + '/get',
+    r = http('--compress', '--chunked', httpbin + '/get',
              tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR
     assert 'cannot combine --compress and --chunked' in r.stderr
 
 
 def test_cannot_combine_compress_with_multipart(httpbin):
-    r = http('--compress', '--multipart', httpbin.url + '/get',
+    r = http('--compress', '--multipart', httpbin + '/get',
              tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR
     assert 'cannot combine --compress and --multipart' in r.stderr

tests/test_config.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ def test_default_options(httpbin):
     env = MockEnvironment()
     env.config['default_options'] = ['--form']
     env.config.save()
-    r = http(httpbin.url + '/post', 'foo=bar', env=env)
+    r = http(httpbin + '/post', 'foo=bar', env=env)
     assert r.json['form'] == {
         "foo": "bar"
     }
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def test_default_options_overwrite(httpbin):
     env = MockEnvironment()
     env.config['default_options'] = ['--form']
     env.config.save()
-    r = http('--json', httpbin.url + '/post', 'foo=bar', env=env)
+    r = http('--json', httpbin + '/post', 'foo=bar', env=env)
     assert r.json['json'] == {
         "foo": "bar"
     }

tests/test_cookie_on_redirects.py

@@ -2,54 +2,47 @@ import pytest
 from .utils import http
 
 
-def _stringify(fixture):
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('target_httpbin', [
-    return fixture + ''
+    'httpbin',
-
+    'remote_httpbin',
-
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('instance', [
-    pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
-    pytest.lazy_fixture('remote_httpbin'),
 ])
-def test_explicit_user_set_cookie(httpbin, instance):
+def test_explicit_user_set_cookie(httpbin, target_httpbin, request):
-    # User set cookies ARE NOT persisted within redirects
+    """User set cookies ARE NOT persisted within redirects when there is no session, even on the same domain."""
-    # when there is no session, even on the same domain.
+    target_httpbin = request.getfixturevalue(target_httpbin)
-
     r = http(
         '--follow',
         httpbin + '/redirect-to',
-        f'url=={_stringify(instance)}/cookies',
+        f'url=={target_httpbin}/cookies',
         'Cookie:a=b'
     )
     assert r.json == {'cookies': {}}
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('instance', [
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('target_httpbin', [
-    pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+    'httpbin',
-    pytest.lazy_fixture('remote_httpbin'),
+    'remote_httpbin',
 ])
-def test_explicit_user_set_cookie_in_session(tmp_path, httpbin, instance):
+def test_explicit_user_set_cookie_in_session(tmp_path, httpbin, target_httpbin, request):
-    # User set cookies ARE persisted within redirects
+    """User set cookies ARE persisted within redirects when there is A session, even on the same domain."""
-    # when there is A session, even on the same domain.
+    target_httpbin = request.getfixturevalue(target_httpbin)
-
     r = http(
         '--follow',
         '--session',
         str(tmp_path / 'session.json'),
         httpbin + '/redirect-to',
-        f'url=={_stringify(instance)}/cookies',
+        f'url=={target_httpbin}/cookies',
         'Cookie:a=b'
     )
     assert r.json == {'cookies': {'a': 'b'}}
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('instance', [
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('target_httpbin', [
-    pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+    'httpbin',
-    pytest.lazy_fixture('remote_httpbin'),
+    'remote_httpbin',
 ])
-def test_saved_user_set_cookie_in_session(tmp_path, httpbin, instance):
+def test_saved_user_set_cookie_in_session(tmp_path, httpbin, target_httpbin, request):
-    # User set cookies ARE persisted within redirects
+    """User set cookies ARE persisted within redirects when there is A session, even on the same domain."""
-    # when there is A session, even on the same domain.
+    target_httpbin = request.getfixturevalue(target_httpbin)
-
     http(
         '--follow',
         '--session',
@@ -62,32 +55,33 @@ def test_saved_user_set_cookie_in_session(tmp_path, httpbin, instance):
         '--session',
         str(tmp_path / 'session.json'),
         httpbin + '/redirect-to',
-        f'url=={_stringify(instance)}/cookies',
+        f'url=={target_httpbin}/cookies',
     )
     assert r.json == {'cookies': {'a': 'b'}}
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('instance', [
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('target_httpbin', [
-    pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+    'httpbin',
-    pytest.lazy_fixture('remote_httpbin'),
+    'remote_httpbin',
 ])
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('session', [True, False])
-def test_explicit_user_set_headers(httpbin, tmp_path, instance, session):
+def test_explicit_user_set_headers(httpbin, tmp_path, target_httpbin, session, request):
-    # User set headers ARE persisted within redirects
+    """
-    # even on different domains domain with or without
+    User set headers ARE persisted within redirects even on different domains domain with or without an active session.
-    # an active session.
+
+    """
+    target_httpbin = request.getfixturevalue(target_httpbin)
     session_args = []
     if session:
         session_args.extend([
             '--session',
             str(tmp_path / 'session.json')
         ])
-
     r = http(
         '--follow',
         *session_args,
         httpbin + '/redirect-to',
-        f'url=={_stringify(instance)}/get',
+        f'url=={target_httpbin}/get',
         'X-Custom-Header:value'
     )
     assert 'X-Custom-Header' in r.json['headers']
@@ -95,16 +89,13 @@ def test_explicit_user_set_headers(httpbin, tmp_path, instance, session):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('session', [True, False])
 def test_server_set_cookie_on_redirect_same_domain(tmp_path, httpbin, session):
-    # Server set cookies ARE persisted on the same domain
+    """Server set cookies ARE persisted on the same domain when they are forwarded."""
-    # when they are forwarded.
-
     session_args = []
     if session:
         session_args.extend([
             '--session',
             str(tmp_path / 'session.json')
         ])
-
     r = http(
         '--follow',
         *session_args,
@@ -136,8 +127,7 @@ def test_server_set_cookie_on_redirect_different_domain(tmp_path, http_server, h
 
 
 def test_saved_session_cookies_on_same_domain(tmp_path, httpbin):
-    # Saved session cookies ARE persisted when making a new
+    """Saved session cookies ARE persisted when making a new request to the same domain."""
-    # request to the same domain.
     http(
         '--session',
         str(tmp_path / 'session.json'),
@@ -152,8 +142,7 @@ def test_saved_session_cookies_on_same_domain(tmp_path, httpbin):
 
 
 def test_saved_session_cookies_on_different_domain(tmp_path, httpbin, remote_httpbin):
-    # Saved session cookies ARE persisted when making a new
+    """Saved session cookies ARE persisted when making a new request to a different domain."""
-    # request to a different domain.
     http(
         '--session',
         str(tmp_path / 'session.json'),
@@ -167,45 +156,49 @@ def test_saved_session_cookies_on_different_domain(tmp_path, httpbin, remote_htt
     assert r.json == {'cookies': {}}
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize('initial_domain, first_request_domain, second_request_domain, expect_cookies', [
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(['initial_domain', 'first_request_domain', 'second_request_domain', 'expect_cookies'], [
     (
         # Cookies are set by    Domain A
         # Initial domain is     Domain A
         # Redirected domain is  Domain A
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+        'httpbin',
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+        'httpbin',
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+        'httpbin',
         True,
     ),
     (
         # Cookies are set by    Domain A
         # Initial domain is     Domain B
         # Redirected domain is  Domain B
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+        'httpbin',
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('remote_httpbin'),
+        'remote_httpbin',
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('remote_httpbin'),
+        'remote_httpbin',
         False,
     ),
     (
         # Cookies are set by    Domain A
         # Initial domain is     Domain A
         # Redirected domain is  Domain B
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+        'httpbin',
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+        'httpbin',
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('remote_httpbin'),
+        'remote_httpbin',
         False,
     ),
     (
         # Cookies are set by    Domain A
         # Initial domain is     Domain B
         # Redirected domain is  Domain A
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+        'httpbin',
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('remote_httpbin'),
+        'remote_httpbin',
-        pytest.lazy_fixture('httpbin'),
+        'httpbin',
         True,
     ),
 ])
-def test_saved_session_cookies_on_redirect(tmp_path, initial_domain, first_request_domain, second_request_domain, expect_cookies):
+def test_saved_session_cookies_on_redirect(
+        tmp_path, initial_domain, first_request_domain, second_request_domain, expect_cookies, request):
+    initial_domain = request.getfixturevalue(initial_domain)
+    first_request_domain = request.getfixturevalue(first_request_domain)
+    second_request_domain = request.getfixturevalue(second_request_domain)
     http(
         '--session',
         str(tmp_path / 'session.json'),
@@ -216,7 +209,7 @@ def test_saved_session_cookies_on_redirect(tmp_path, initial_domain, first_reque
         str(tmp_path / 'session.json'),
         '--follow',
         first_request_domain + '/redirect-to',
-        f'url=={_stringify(second_request_domain)}/cookies'
+        f'url=={second_request_domain}/cookies'
     )
     if expect_cookies:
         expected_data = {'cookies': {'a': 'b'}}

tests/test_defaults.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ def test_default_headers_case_insensitive(httpbin):
     r = http(
         '--debug',
         '--print=H',
-        httpbin.url + '/post',
+        httpbin + '/post',
         'CONTENT-TYPE:application/json-patch+json',
         'a=b',
     )
@@ -27,26 +27,26 @@ def test_default_headers_case_insensitive(httpbin):
 # noinspection PyPep8Naming
 class TestImplicitHTTPMethod:
     def test_implicit_GET(self, httpbin):
-        r = http(httpbin.url + '/get')
+        r = http(httpbin + '/get')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
 
     def test_implicit_GET_with_headers(self, httpbin):
-        r = http(httpbin.url + '/headers', 'Foo:bar')
+        r = http(httpbin + '/headers', 'Foo:bar')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert r.json['headers']['Foo'] == 'bar'
 
     def test_implicit_POST_json(self, httpbin):
-        r = http(httpbin.url + '/post', 'hello=world')
+        r = http(httpbin + '/post', 'hello=world')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert r.json['json'] == {'hello': 'world'}
 
     def test_implicit_POST_form(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--form', httpbin.url + '/post', 'foo=bar')
+        r = http('--form', httpbin + '/post', 'foo=bar')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert r.json['form'] == {'foo': 'bar'}
 
     def test_implicit_POST_raw(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--raw', 'foo bar', httpbin.url + '/post')
+        r = http('--raw', 'foo bar', httpbin + '/post')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert r.json['data'] == 'foo bar'
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class TestImplicitHTTPMethod:
             stdin_isatty=False,
             stdin=BytesIO(FILE_PATH.read_bytes())
         )
-        r = http('--form', httpbin.url + '/post', env=env)
+        r = http('--form', httpbin + '/post', env=env)
         assert HTTP_OK in r
 
 
@@ -69,33 +69,33 @@ class TestAutoContentTypeAndAcceptHeaders:
 
     def test_GET_no_data_no_auto_headers(self, httpbin):
         # https://github.com/httpie/cli/issues/62
-        r = http('GET', httpbin.url + '/headers')
+        r = http('GET', httpbin + '/headers')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert r.json['headers']['Accept'] == '*/*'
         assert 'Content-Type' not in r.json['headers']
 
     def test_POST_no_data_no_auto_headers(self, httpbin):
         # JSON headers shouldn't be automatically set for POST with no data.
-        r = http('POST', httpbin.url + '/post')
+        r = http('POST', httpbin + '/post')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert '"Accept": "*/*"' in r
         assert '"Content-Type": "application/json' not in r
 
     def test_POST_with_data_auto_JSON_headers(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('POST', httpbin.url + '/post', 'a=b')
+        r = http('POST', httpbin + '/post', 'a=b')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert r.json['headers']['Accept'] == JSON_ACCEPT
         assert r.json['headers']['Content-Type'] == 'application/json'
 
     def test_GET_with_data_auto_JSON_headers(self, httpbin):
         # JSON headers should automatically be set also for GET with data.
-        r = http('POST', httpbin.url + '/post', 'a=b')
+        r = http('POST', httpbin + '/post', 'a=b')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert r.json['headers']['Accept'] == JSON_ACCEPT
         assert r.json['headers']['Content-Type'] == 'application/json'
 
     def test_POST_explicit_JSON_JSON_ACCEPT(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--json', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post')
+        r = http('--json', 'POST', httpbin + '/post')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert r.json['headers']['Accept'] == JSON_ACCEPT
         # Make sure Content-Type gets set even with no data.
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ class TestAutoContentTypeAndAcceptHeaders:
         assert 'application/json' in r.json['headers']['Content-Type']
 
     def test_GET_explicit_JSON_explicit_headers(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--json', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/headers',
+        r = http('--json', 'GET', httpbin + '/headers',
                  'Accept:application/xml',
                  'Content-Type:application/xml')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
@@ -111,22 +111,22 @@ class TestAutoContentTypeAndAcceptHeaders:
         assert '"Content-Type": "application/xml"' in r
 
     def test_POST_form_auto_Content_Type(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--form', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post')
+        r = http('--form', 'POST', httpbin + '/post')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert '"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded' in r
 
     def test_POST_form_Content_Type_override(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--form', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+        r = http('--form', 'POST', httpbin + '/post',
                  'Content-Type:application/xml')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert '"Content-Type": "application/xml"' in r
 
     def test_print_only_body_when_stdout_redirected_by_default(self, httpbin):
         env = MockEnvironment(stdin_isatty=True, stdout_isatty=False)
-        r = http('GET', httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+        r = http('GET', httpbin + '/get', env=env)
         assert 'HTTP/' not in r
 
     def test_print_overridable_when_stdout_redirected(self, httpbin):
         env = MockEnvironment(stdin_isatty=True, stdout_isatty=False)
-        r = http('--print=h', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+        r = http('--print=h', 'GET', httpbin + '/get', env=env)
         assert HTTP_OK in r

tests/test_downloads.py

@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ class TestDownloads:
             os.chdir(tmp_dirname)
             try:
                 assert os.listdir('.') == []
-                http('--download', httpbin.url + '/redirect/1')
+                http('--download', httpbin + '/redirect/1')
                 assert os.listdir('.') == [expected_filename]
             finally:
                 os.chdir(orig_cwd)

tests/test_encoding.py

@@ -31,90 +31,90 @@ def test_charset_text_pairs():
 
 def test_unicode_headers(httpbin):
     # httpbin doesn't interpret UFT-8 headers
-    r = http(httpbin.url + '/headers', f'Test:{UNICODE}')
+    r = http(httpbin + '/headers', f'Test:{UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
 
 
 def test_unicode_headers_verbose(httpbin):
     # httpbin doesn't interpret UTF-8 headers
-    r = http('--verbose', httpbin.url + '/headers', f'Test:{UNICODE}')
+    r = http('--verbose', httpbin + '/headers', f'Test:{UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert UNICODE in r
 
 
 def test_unicode_raw(httpbin):
-    r = http('--raw', f'test {UNICODE}', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post')
+    r = http('--raw', f'test {UNICODE}', 'POST', httpbin + '/post')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.json['data'] == f'test {UNICODE}'
 
 
 def test_unicode_raw_verbose(httpbin):
     r = http('--verbose', '--raw', f'test {UNICODE}',
-             'POST', httpbin.url + '/post')
+             'POST', httpbin + '/post')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert UNICODE in r
 
 
 def test_unicode_form_item(httpbin):
-    r = http('--form', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post', f'test={UNICODE}')
+    r = http('--form', 'POST', httpbin + '/post', f'test={UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.json['form'] == {'test': UNICODE}
 
 
 def test_unicode_form_item_verbose(httpbin):
     r = http('--verbose', '--form',
-             'POST', httpbin.url + '/post', f'test={UNICODE}')
+             'POST', httpbin + '/post', f'test={UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert UNICODE in r
 
 
 def test_unicode_json_item(httpbin):
-    r = http('--json', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post', f'test={UNICODE}')
+    r = http('--json', 'POST', httpbin + '/post', f'test={UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.json['json'] == {'test': UNICODE}
 
 
 def test_unicode_json_item_verbose(httpbin):
     r = http('--verbose', '--json',
-             'POST', httpbin.url + '/post', f'test={UNICODE}')
+             'POST', httpbin + '/post', f'test={UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert UNICODE in r
 
 
 def test_unicode_raw_json_item(httpbin):
-    r = http('--json', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+    r = http('--json', 'POST', httpbin + '/post',
              f'test:={{ "{UNICODE}" : [ "{UNICODE}" ] }}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.json['json'] == {'test': {UNICODE: [UNICODE]}}
 
 
 def test_unicode_raw_json_item_verbose(httpbin):
-    r = http('--json', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+    r = http('--json', 'POST', httpbin + '/post',
              f'test:={{ "{UNICODE}" : [ "{UNICODE}" ] }}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.json['json'] == {'test': {UNICODE: [UNICODE]}}
 
 
 def test_unicode_url_query_arg_item(httpbin):
-    r = http(httpbin.url + '/get', f'test=={UNICODE}')
+    r = http(httpbin + '/get', f'test=={UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.json['args'] == {'test': UNICODE}, r
 
 
 def test_unicode_url_query_arg_item_verbose(httpbin):
-    r = http('--verbose', httpbin.url + '/get', f'test=={UNICODE}')
+    r = http('--verbose', httpbin + '/get', f'test=={UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert UNICODE in r
 
 
 def test_unicode_url(httpbin):
-    r = http(f'{httpbin.url}/get?test={UNICODE}')
+    r = http(f'{httpbin}/get?test={UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.json['args'] == {'test': UNICODE}
 
 
 def test_unicode_url_verbose(httpbin):
-    r = http('--verbose', f'{httpbin.url}/get?test={UNICODE}')
+    r = http('--verbose', f'{httpbin}/get?test={UNICODE}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.json['args'] == {'test': UNICODE}
 
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def test_unicode_basic_auth(httpbin):
     # it doesn't really authenticate us because httpbin
     # doesn't interpret the UTF-8-encoded auth
     http('--verbose', '--auth', f'test:{UNICODE}',
-         f'{httpbin.url}/basic-auth/test/{UNICODE}')
+         f'{httpbin}/basic-auth/test/{UNICODE}')
 
 
 def test_unicode_digest_auth(httpbin):
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def test_unicode_digest_auth(httpbin):
     # doesn't interpret the UTF-8-encoded auth
     http('--auth-type=digest',
          '--auth', f'test:{UNICODE}',
-         f'{httpbin.url}/digest-auth/auth/test/{UNICODE}')
+         f'{httpbin}/digest-auth/auth/test/{UNICODE}')
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('charset, text', CHARSET_TEXT_PAIRS)

tests/test_exit_status.py

@@ -7,25 +7,25 @@ from .utils import MockEnvironment, http, HTTP_OK
 def test_keyboard_interrupt_during_arg_parsing_exit_status(httpbin):
     with mock.patch('httpie.cli.definition.parser.parse_args',
                     side_effect=KeyboardInterrupt()):
-        r = http('GET', httpbin.url + '/get', tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
+        r = http('GET', httpbin + '/get', tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
         assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR_CTRL_C
 
 
 def test_keyboard_interrupt_in_program_exit_status(httpbin):
     with mock.patch('httpie.core.program',
                     side_effect=KeyboardInterrupt()):
-        r = http('GET', httpbin.url + '/get', tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
+        r = http('GET', httpbin + '/get', tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
         assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR_CTRL_C
 
 
 def test_ok_response_exits_0(httpbin):
-    r = http('GET', httpbin.url + '/get')
+    r = http('GET', httpbin + '/get')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.SUCCESS
 
 
 def test_error_response_exits_0_without_check_status(httpbin):
-    r = http('GET', httpbin.url + '/status/500')
+    r = http('GET', httpbin + '/status/500')
     assert '500 Internal Server Error' in r
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.SUCCESS
     assert not r.stderr
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ def test_error_response_exits_0_without_check_status(httpbin):
 
 def test_timeout_exit_status(httpbin):
 
-    r = http('--timeout=0.01', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/delay/0.5',
+    r = http('--timeout=0.01', 'GET', httpbin + '/delay/0.5',
              tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR_TIMEOUT
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def test_3xx_check_status_exits_3_and_stderr_when_stdout_redirected(
         httpbin):
     env = MockEnvironment(stdout_isatty=False)
     r = http('--check-status', '--headers',
-             'GET', httpbin.url + '/status/301',
+             'GET', httpbin + '/status/301',
              env=env, tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
     assert '301 Moved Permanently' in r
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR_HTTP_3XX
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ def test_3xx_check_status_exits_3_and_stderr_when_stdout_redirected(
 
 def test_3xx_check_status_redirects_allowed_exits_0(httpbin):
     r = http('--check-status', '--follow',
-             'GET', httpbin.url + '/status/301',
+             'GET', httpbin + '/status/301',
              tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
     # The redirect will be followed so 200 is expected.
     assert HTTP_OK in r
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ def test_3xx_check_status_redirects_allowed_exits_0(httpbin):
 
 
 def test_4xx_check_status_exits_4(httpbin):
-    r = http('--check-status', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/status/401',
+    r = http('--check-status', 'GET', httpbin + '/status/401',
              tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
     assert '401 Unauthorized' in r
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR_HTTP_4XX
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ def test_4xx_check_status_exits_4(httpbin):
 
 
 def test_5xx_check_status_exits_5(httpbin):
-    r = http('--check-status', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/status/500',
+    r = http('--check-status', 'GET', httpbin + '/status/500',
              tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
     assert '500 Internal Server Error' in r
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR_HTTP_5XX

tests/test_output.py

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class TestQuietFlag:
             stdout_isatty=True,
             devnull=io.BytesIO()
         )
-        r = http(*quiet_flags, 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+        r = http(*quiet_flags, 'GET', httpbin + '/get', env=env)
         assert env.stdout is env.devnull
         assert env.stderr is env.devnull
         assert HTTP_OK in r.devnull
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class TestQuietFlag:
         )
         r = http(
             *quiet_flags, '--auth', 'user', 'GET',
-            httpbin.url + '/basic-auth/user/password',
+            httpbin + '/basic-auth/user/password',
             env=env
         )
         assert env.stdout is env.devnull
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ class TestQuietFlag:
     @pytest.mark.parametrize('output_options', ['-h', '-b', '-v', '-p=hH'])
     def test_quiet_with_explicit_output_options(self, httpbin, quiet_flags, output_options):
         env = MockEnvironment(stdin_isatty=True, stdout_isatty=True)
-        r = http(*quiet_flags, output_options, httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+        r = http(*quiet_flags, output_options, httpbin + '/get', env=env)
         assert env.stdout is env.devnull
         assert env.stderr is env.devnull
         assert r == ''
@@ -192,26 +192,26 @@ class TestQuietFlag:
 class TestVerboseFlag:
     def test_verbose(self, httpbin):
         r = http('--verbose',
-                 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get', 'test-header:__test__')
+                 'GET', httpbin + '/get', 'test-header:__test__')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert r.count('__test__') == 2
 
     def test_verbose_raw(self, httpbin):
         r = http('--verbose', '--raw', 'foo bar',
-                 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post')
+                 'POST', httpbin + '/post')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert 'foo bar' in r
 
     def test_verbose_form(self, httpbin):
         # https://github.com/httpie/cli/issues/53
-        r = http('--verbose', '--form', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+        r = http('--verbose', '--form', 'POST', httpbin + '/post',
                  'A=B', 'C=D')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert 'A=B&C=D' in r
 
     def test_verbose_json(self, httpbin):
         r = http('--verbose',
-                 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post', 'foo=bar', 'baz=bar')
+                 'POST', httpbin + '/post', 'foo=bar', 'baz=bar')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert '"baz": "bar"' in r
 
@@ -300,20 +300,20 @@ class TestPrettyOptions:
 
     def test_pretty_enabled_by_default(self, httpbin):
         env = MockEnvironment(colors=256)
-        r = http('GET', httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+        r = http('GET', httpbin + '/get', env=env)
         assert COLOR in r
 
     def test_pretty_enabled_by_default_unless_stdout_redirected(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('GET', httpbin.url + '/get')
+        r = http('GET', httpbin + '/get')
         assert COLOR not in r
 
     def test_force_pretty(self, httpbin):
         env = MockEnvironment(stdout_isatty=False, colors=256)
-        r = http('--pretty=all', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+        r = http('--pretty=all', 'GET', httpbin + '/get', env=env)
         assert COLOR in r
 
     def test_force_ugly(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--pretty=none', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get')
+        r = http('--pretty=none', 'GET', httpbin + '/get')
         assert COLOR not in r
 
     def test_subtype_based_pygments_lexer_match(self, httpbin):
@@ -322,14 +322,14 @@ class TestPrettyOptions:
 
         """
         env = MockEnvironment(colors=256)
-        r = http('--print=B', '--pretty=all', httpbin.url + '/post',
+        r = http('--print=B', '--pretty=all', httpbin + '/post',
                  'Content-Type:text/foo+json', 'a=b', env=env)
         assert COLOR in r
 
     def test_colors_option(self, httpbin):
         env = MockEnvironment(colors=256)
         r = http('--print=B', '--pretty=colors',
-                 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get', 'a=b',
+                 'GET', httpbin + '/get', 'a=b',
                  env=env)
         # Tests that the JSON data isn't formatted.
         assert not r.strip().count('\n')
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ class TestPrettyOptions:
     def test_format_option(self, httpbin):
         env = MockEnvironment(colors=256)
         r = http('--print=B', '--pretty=format',
-                 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get', 'a=b',
+                 'GET', httpbin + '/get', 'a=b',
                  env=env)
         # Tests that the JSON data is formatted.
         assert r.strip().count('\n') == 2
@@ -365,25 +365,25 @@ class TestLineEndings:
         return body
 
     def test_CRLF_headers_only(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--headers', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get')
+        r = http('--headers', 'GET', httpbin + '/get')
         body = self._validate_crlf(r)
         assert not body, f'Garbage after headers: {r!r}'
 
     def test_CRLF_ugly_response(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--pretty=none', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get')
+        r = http('--pretty=none', 'GET', httpbin + '/get')
         self._validate_crlf(r)
 
     def test_CRLF_formatted_response(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--pretty=format', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get')
+        r = http('--pretty=format', 'GET', httpbin + '/get')
         assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.SUCCESS
         self._validate_crlf(r)
 
     def test_CRLF_ugly_request(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--pretty=none', '--print=HB', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get')
+        r = http('--pretty=none', '--print=HB', 'GET', httpbin + '/get')
         self._validate_crlf(r)
 
     def test_CRLF_formatted_request(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--pretty=format', '--print=HB', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get')
+        r = http('--pretty=format', '--print=HB', 'GET', httpbin + '/get')
         self._validate_crlf(r)
 
 

tests/test_redirects.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ REDIRECTS_WITH_METHOD_BODY_PRESERVED = [307, 308]
 
 
 def test_follow_all_redirects_shown(httpbin):
-    r = http('--follow', '--all', httpbin.url + '/redirect/2')
+    r = http('--follow', '--all', httpbin + '/redirect/2')
     assert r.count('HTTP/1.1') == 3
     assert r.count('HTTP/1.1 302 Found', 2)
     assert HTTP_OK in r
@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ def test_follow_all_redirects_shown(httpbin):
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('follow_flag', ['--follow', '-F'])
 def test_follow_without_all_redirects_hidden(httpbin, follow_flag):
-    r = http(follow_flag, httpbin.url + '/redirect/2')
+    r = http(follow_flag, httpbin + '/redirect/2')
     assert r.count('HTTP/1.1') == 1
     assert HTTP_OK in r
 
 
 @pytest.mark.xfail(True, reason="https://github.com/httpie/cli/issues/1082")
 def test_follow_output_options_used_for_redirects(httpbin):
-    r = http('--follow', '--print=H', httpbin.url + '/redirect/2')
+    r = http('--follow', '--print=H', httpbin + '/redirect/2')
     assert r.count('GET /') == 1
     assert HTTP_OK not in r
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ def test_follow_all_output_options_used_for_redirects(httpbin):
              '--follow',
              '--all',
              '--print=H',
-             httpbin.url + '/redirect/2')
+             httpbin + '/redirect/2')
     assert r.count('GET /') == 3
     assert HTTP_OK not in r
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ def test_follow_all_output_options_used_for_redirects(httpbin):
 #              '--all',
 #              '--print=h',
 #              '--history-print=H',
-#              httpbin.url + '/redirect/2')
+#              httpbin + '/redirect/2')
 #     assert r.count('GET /') == 2
 #     assert 'HTTP/1.1 302 FOUND' not in r
 #     assert HTTP_OK in r
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ def test_max_redirects(httpbin):
     r = http(
         '--max-redirects=1',
         '--follow',
-        httpbin.url + '/redirect/3',
+        httpbin + '/redirect/3',
         tolerate_error_exit_status=True,
     )
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.ERROR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS
@@ -72,11 +72,11 @@ def test_max_redirects(httpbin):
 def test_follow_redirect_with_repost(httpbin, status_code):
     r = http(
         '--follow',
-        httpbin.url + '/redirect-to',
+        httpbin + '/redirect-to',
         'A:A',
         'A:B',
         'B:B',
-        f'url=={httpbin.url}/post',
+        f'url=={httpbin}/post',
         f'status_code=={status_code}',
         '@' + FILE_PATH_ARG,
     )
@@ -92,11 +92,11 @@ def test_verbose_follow_redirect_with_repost(httpbin, status_code):
     r = http(
         '--follow',
         '--verbose',
-        httpbin.url + '/redirect-to',
+        httpbin + '/redirect-to',
         'A:A',
         'A:B',
         'B:B',
-        f'url=={httpbin.url}/post',
+        f'url=={httpbin}/post',
         f'status_code=={status_code}',
         '@' + FILE_PATH_ARG,
     )

tests/test_regressions.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ def test_Host_header_overwrite(httpbin):
 
     """
     host = 'pie.dev'
-    url = httpbin.url + '/get'
+    url = httpbin + '/get'
     r = http('--print=hH', url, f'host:{host}')
     assert HTTP_OK in r
     assert r.lower().count('host:') == 1
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def test_verbose_redirected_stdout_separator(httpbin):
     """
     r = http(
         '-v',
-        httpbin.url + '/post',
+        httpbin + '/post',
         'a=b',
         env=MockEnvironment(stdout_isatty=False),
     )

tests/test_sessions.py

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class TestSessionFlow(SessionTestBase):
             '--session=test',
             '--auth=username:password',
             'GET',
-            httpbin.url + '/cookies/set?hello=world',
+            httpbin + '/cookies/set?hello=world',
             'Hello:World',
             env=self.env()
         )
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class TestSessionFlow(SessionTestBase):
         self.start_session(httpbin)
         # Verify that the session created in setup_method() has been used.
         r2 = http('--session=test',
-                  'GET', httpbin.url + '/get', env=self.env())
+                  'GET', httpbin + '/get', env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r2
         assert r2.json['headers']['Hello'] == 'World'
         assert r2.json['headers']['Cookie'] == 'hello=world'
@@ -101,19 +101,19 @@ class TestSessionFlow(SessionTestBase):
     def test_session_update(self, httpbin):
         self.start_session(httpbin)
         # Get a response to a request from the original session.
-        r2 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r2 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r2
 
         # Make a request modifying the session data.
         r3 = http('--follow', '--session=test', '--auth=username:password2',
-                  'GET', httpbin.url + '/cookies/set?hello=world2',
+                  'GET', httpbin + '/cookies/set?hello=world2',
                   'Hello:World2',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r3
 
         # Get a response to a request from the updated session.
-        r4 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r4 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r4
         assert r4.json['headers']['Hello'] == 'World2'
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ class TestSessionFlow(SessionTestBase):
     def test_session_read_only(self, httpbin):
         self.start_session(httpbin)
         # Get a response from the original session.
-        r2 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r2 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r2
 
@@ -132,12 +132,12 @@ class TestSessionFlow(SessionTestBase):
         # with --session-read-only.
         r3 = http('--follow', '--session-read-only=test',
                   '--auth=username:password2', 'GET',
-                  httpbin.url + '/cookies/set?hello=world2', 'Hello:World2',
+                  httpbin + '/cookies/set?hello=world2', 'Hello:World2',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r3
 
         # Get a response from the updated session.
-        r4 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r4 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r4
 
@@ -151,17 +151,17 @@ class TestSessionFlow(SessionTestBase):
     def test_session_overwrite_header(self, httpbin):
         self.start_session(httpbin)
 
-        r2 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r2 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   'Hello:World2', env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r2
         assert r2.json['headers']['Hello'] == 'World2'
 
-        r3 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r3 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   'Hello:World2', 'Hello:World3', env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r3
         assert r3.json['headers']['Hello'] == 'World2,World3'
 
-        r3 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r3 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   'Hello:', 'Hello:World3', env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r3
         assert 'Hello' not in r3.json['headers']['Hello']
@@ -172,12 +172,12 @@ class TestSession(SessionTestBase):
 
     def test_session_ignored_header_prefixes(self, httpbin):
         self.start_session(httpbin)
-        r1 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r1 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   'Content-Type: text/plain',
                   'If-Unmodified-Since: Sat, 29 Oct 1994 19:43:31 GMT',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r1
-        r2 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r2 = http('--session=test', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r2
         assert 'Content-Type' not in r2.json['headers']
@@ -185,18 +185,18 @@ class TestSession(SessionTestBase):
 
     def test_session_with_upload(self, httpbin):
         self.start_session(httpbin)
-        r = http('--session=test', '--form', '--verbose', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+        r = http('--session=test', '--form', '--verbose', 'POST', httpbin + '/post',
                  f'test-file@{FILE_PATH_ARG}', 'foo=bar', env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r
 
     def test_session_by_path(self, httpbin):
         self.start_session(httpbin)
         session_path = self.config_dir / 'session-by-path.json'
-        r1 = http('--session', str(session_path), 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r1 = http('--session', str(session_path), 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   'Foo:Bar', env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r1
 
-        r2 = http('--session', str(session_path), 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r2 = http('--session', str(session_path), 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r2
         assert r2.json['headers']['Foo'] == 'Bar'
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ class TestSession(SessionTestBase):
         }
         session_path = self.config_dir / 'session-data.json'
         session_path.write_text(json.dumps(session_data))
-        r = http('--session', str(session_path), 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+        r = http('--session', str(session_path), 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                  env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert 'Zzz' in r
@@ -223,12 +223,12 @@ class TestSession(SessionTestBase):
         self.start_session(httpbin)
 
         r1 = http('--session=test', f'--auth=test:{UNICODE}',
-                  'GET', httpbin.url + '/get', f'Test:{UNICODE}',
+                  'GET', httpbin + '/get', f'Test:{UNICODE}',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r1
 
         r2 = http('--session=test', '--verbose', 'GET',
-                  httpbin.url + '/get', env=self.env())
+                  httpbin + '/get', env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r2
 
         # FIXME: Authorization *sometimes* is not present
@@ -241,12 +241,12 @@ class TestSession(SessionTestBase):
         self.start_session(httpbin)
         # https://github.com/httpie/cli/issues/180
         r1 = http('--session=test',
-                  httpbin.url + '/headers', 'User-Agent:custom',
+                  httpbin + '/headers', 'User-Agent:custom',
                   env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r1
         assert r1.json['headers']['User-Agent'] == 'custom'
 
-        r2 = http('--session=test', httpbin.url + '/headers', env=self.env())
+        r2 = http('--session=test', httpbin + '/headers', env=self.env())
         assert HTTP_OK in r2
         assert r2.json['headers']['User-Agent'] == 'custom'
 
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ class TestSession(SessionTestBase):
         os.chdir(tmp_path)
         try:
             http('--session=test', '--download',
-                 httpbin.url + '/get', env=self.env())
+                 httpbin + '/get', env=self.env())
         finally:
             os.chdir(cwd)
 
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ class TestExpiredCookies(CookieTestBase):
         r = http(
             '--session', str(self.session_path),
             '--print=H',
-            httpbin.url + '/cookies/delete?cookie2',
+            httpbin + '/cookies/delete?cookie2',
         )
         assert 'Cookie: cookie1=foo; cookie2=foo' in r
 
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ class TestCookieStorage(CookieTestBase):
         r = http(
             '--session', str(self.session_path),
             '--print=H',
-            httpbin.url,
+            httpbin + '/get',
             'Cookie:' + specified_cookie_header,
         )
         parsed_request_headers = {  # noqa
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ class TestCookieStorage(CookieTestBase):
         """
         http(
             '--session', str(self.session_path),
-            httpbin.url + set_cookie,
+            httpbin + set_cookie,
             'Cookie:' + cli_cookie,
         )
         updated_session = json.loads(self.session_path.read_text(encoding=UTF8))
@@ -821,16 +821,17 @@ def test_session_multiple_headers_with_same_name(basic_session, httpbin):
     'server, expected_cookies',
     [
         (
-            pytest.lazy_fixture('localhost_http_server'),
+            'localhost_http_server',
             {'secure_cookie': 'foo', 'insecure_cookie': 'bar'}
         ),
         (
-            pytest.lazy_fixture('remote_httpbin'),
+            'remote_httpbin',
             {'insecure_cookie': 'bar'}
         )
     ]
 )
-def test_secure_cookies_on_localhost(mock_env, tmp_path, server, expected_cookies):
+def test_secure_cookies_on_localhost(mock_env, tmp_path, server, expected_cookies, request):
+    server = request.getfixturevalue(server)
     session_path = tmp_path / 'session.json'
     http(
         '--session', str(session_path),

tests/test_stream.py

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def test_pretty_redirected_stream(httpbin):
         stdout_isatty=False,
     )
     r = http('--verbose', '--pretty=all', '--stream', 'GET',
-             httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+             httpbin + '/get', env=env)
     assert BINARY_SUPPRESSED_NOTICE.decode() in r
 
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ def test_pretty_stream_ensure_full_stream_is_retrieved(httpbin):
         stdout_isatty=False,
     )
     r = http('--pretty=format', '--stream', 'GET',
-             httpbin.url + '/stream/3', env=env)
+             httpbin + '/stream/3', env=env)
     assert r.count('/stream/3') == 3
 
 
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def test_encoded_stream(httpbin):
         stdin_isatty=False,
     )
     r = http('--pretty=none', '--stream', '--verbose', 'GET',
-             httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+             httpbin + '/get', env=env)
     assert BINARY_SUPPRESSED_NOTICE.decode() in r
 
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ def test_redirected_stream(httpbin):
         stdin=StdinBytesIO(BIN_FILE_PATH.read_bytes()),
     )
     r = http('--pretty=none', '--stream', '--verbose', 'GET',
-             httpbin.url + '/get', env=env)
+             httpbin + '/get', env=env)
     assert BIN_FILE_CONTENT in r
 
 

tests/test_update_warnings.py

@@ -132,10 +132,10 @@ def test_check_updates_first_invocation(
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    'should_issue_warning, build_channel',
+    ['should_issue_warning', 'build_channel'],
     [
-        (False, pytest.lazy_fixture('lower_build_channel')),
+        (False, 'lower_build_channel'),
-        (True, pytest.lazy_fixture('higher_build_channel')),
+        (True, 'higher_build_channel'),
     ],
 )
 def test_check_updates_first_time_after_data_fetch(
@@ -145,7 +145,9 @@ def test_check_updates_first_time_after_data_fetch(
     static_fetch_data,
     should_issue_warning,
     build_channel,
+    request,
 ):
+    request.getfixturevalue(build_channel)
     http('fetch_updates', '--daemon', env=with_warnings)
     r = http(httpbin + '/get', env=with_warnings)
 
@@ -176,14 +178,15 @@ def test_cli_check_updates(
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "build_channel", [
+    'build_channel', [
-        pytest.lazy_fixture("lower_build_channel"),
+        'lower_build_channel',
-        pytest.lazy_fixture("unknown_build_channel")
+        'unknown_build_channel',
     ]
 )
 def test_cli_check_updates_not_shown(
-    static_fetch_data, build_channel
+    static_fetch_data, build_channel, request
 ):
+    request.getfixturevalue(build_channel)
     r = httpie('cli', 'check-updates')
     assert r.exit_status == ExitStatus.SUCCESS
     assert not check_update_warnings(r)

tests/test_uploads.py

@@ -199,10 +199,10 @@ class TestMultipartFormDataFileUpload:
     def test_non_existent_file_raises_parse_error(self, httpbin):
         with pytest.raises(ParseError):
             http('--form',
-                 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post', 'foo@/__does_not_exist__')
+                 'POST', httpbin + '/post', 'foo@/__does_not_exist__')
 
     def test_upload_ok(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--form', '--verbose', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+        r = http('--form', '--verbose', 'POST', httpbin + '/post',
                  f'test-file@{FILE_PATH_ARG}', 'foo=bar')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert 'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="foo"' in r
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ class TestMultipartFormDataFileUpload:
         assert 'Content-Type: text/plain' in r
 
     def test_upload_multiple_fields_with_the_same_name(self, httpbin):
-        r = http('--form', '--verbose', 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+        r = http('--form', '--verbose', 'POST', httpbin + '/post',
                  f'test-file@{FILE_PATH_ARG}',
                  f'test-file@{FILE_PATH_ARG}')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class TestMultipartFormDataFileUpload:
         r = http(
             '--form',
             '--verbose',
-            httpbin.url + '/post',
+            httpbin + '/post',
             f'test-file@{FILE_PATH_ARG};type=image/vnd.microsoft.icon'
         )
         assert HTTP_OK in r
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ class TestMultipartFormDataFileUpload:
         r = http(
             '--form',
             '--verbose',
-            httpbin.url + '/post',
+            httpbin + '/post',
             'AAAA=AAA',
             'BBB=BBB',
         )
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ class TestMultipartFormDataFileUpload:
         r = http(
             '--verbose',
             '--multipart',
-            httpbin.url + '/post',
+            httpbin + '/post',
             'AAAA=AAA',
             'BBB=BBB',
         )
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ class TestMultipartFormDataFileUpload:
             '--check-status',
             '--multipart',
             f'--boundary={boundary}',
-            httpbin.url + '/post',
+            httpbin + '/post',
             'AAAA=AAA',
             'BBB=BBB',
         )
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ class TestMultipartFormDataFileUpload:
             '--check-status',
             '--multipart',
             f'--boundary={boundary}',
-            httpbin.url + '/post',
+            httpbin + '/post',
             'Content-Type: multipart/magic',
             'AAAA=AAA',
             'BBB=BBB',
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ class TestMultipartFormDataFileUpload:
             '--check-status',
             '--multipart',
             f'--boundary={boundary_in_body}',
-            httpbin.url + '/post',
+            httpbin + '/post',
             f'Content-Type: multipart/magic; boundary={boundary_in_header}',
             'AAAA=AAA',
             'BBB=BBB',
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ class TestRequestBodyFromFilePath:
     def test_request_body_from_file_by_path(self, httpbin):
         r = http(
             '--verbose',
-            'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+            'POST', httpbin + '/post',
             '@' + FILE_PATH_ARG,
         )
         assert HTTP_OK in r
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ class TestRequestBodyFromFilePath:
     def test_request_body_from_file_by_path_with_explicit_content_type(
             self, httpbin):
         r = http('--verbose',
-                 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post', '@' + FILE_PATH_ARG,
+                 'POST', httpbin + '/post', '@' + FILE_PATH_ARG,
                  'Content-Type:text/plain; charset=UTF-8')
         assert HTTP_OK in r
         assert FILE_CONTENT in r
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ class TestRequestBodyFromFilePath:
     def test_request_body_from_file_by_path_no_field_name_allowed(
             self, httpbin):
         env = MockEnvironment(stdin_isatty=True)
-        r = http('POST', httpbin.url + '/post', 'field-name@' + FILE_PATH_ARG,
+        r = http('POST', httpbin + '/post', 'field-name@' + FILE_PATH_ARG,
                  env=env, tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
         assert 'perhaps you meant --form?' in r.stderr
 
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ class TestRequestBodyFromFilePath:
         env = MockEnvironment(stdin_isatty=False)
         r = http(
             'POST',
-            httpbin.url + '/post',
+            httpbin + '/post',
             '@' + FILE_PATH_ARG, 'foo=bar',
             env=env,
             tolerate_error_exit_status=True,
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ class TestRequestBodyFromFilePath:
         env = MockEnvironment(stdin_isatty=True)
         r = http(
             '--verbose',
-            'POST', httpbin.url + '/post',
+            'POST', httpbin + '/post',
             '@' + FILE_PATH_ARG,
             '@' + FILE_PATH_ARG,
             env=env,

tests/test_windows.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class TestWindowsOnly:
                         reason='this test for some reason kills the process')
     def test_windows_colorized_output(self, httpbin):
         # Spits out the colorized output.
-        http(httpbin.url + '/get', env=Environment())
+        http(httpbin + '/get', env=Environment())
 
 
 class TestFakeWindows:
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ class TestFakeWindows:
         env = MockEnvironment(is_windows=True)
         output_file = tmp_path / 'test_output_file_pretty_not_allowed_on_windows'
         r = http('--output', str(output_file),
-                 '--pretty=all', 'GET', httpbin.url + '/get',
+                 '--pretty=all', 'GET', httpbin + '/get',
                  env=env, tolerate_error_exit_status=True)
         assert 'Only terminal output can be colorized on Windows' in r.stderr

tests/utils/__init__.py

@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def http(
     $ http --auth=user:password GET pie.dev/basic-auth/user/password
 
         >>> httpbin = getfixture('httpbin')
-        >>> r = http('-a', 'user:pw', httpbin.url + '/basic-auth/user/pw')
+        >>> r = http('-a', 'user:pw', httpbin + '/basic-auth/user/pw')
         >>> type(r) == StrCLIResponse
         True
         >>> r.exit_status is ExitStatus.SUCCESS