[server] Add health check HTTP endpoint for Relay server (#4297)

The health check endpoint listens on a dedicated HTTP server.
By default, it is available at 0.0.0.0:9000/health. This can be configured using the --health-listen-address flag.

The results are cached for 3 seconds to avoid excessive calls.

The health check performs the following:

Checks the number of active listeners.
Validates each listener via WebSocket and QUIC dials, including TLS certificate verification.

relay/cmd/root.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
+	"sync"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
 
@@ -17,8 +18,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/encryption"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/relay/auth"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/healthcheck"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/server"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/relay/auth"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/signal/metrics"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 )
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ type Config struct {
 	AuthSecret               string
 	LogLevel                 string
 	LogFile                  string
+	HealthcheckListenAddress string
 }
 
 func (c Config) Validate() error {
@@ -87,6 +90,7 @@ func init() {
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&cobraConfig.AuthSecret, "auth-secret", "s", "", "auth secret")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&cobraConfig.LogLevel, "log-level", "info", "log level")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&cobraConfig.LogFile, "log-file", "console", "log file")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&cobraConfig.HealthcheckListenAddress, "health-listen-address", "H", ":9000", "listen address of healthcheck server")
 
 	setFlagsFromEnvVars(rootCmd)
 }
@@ -102,6 +106,7 @@ func waitForExitSignal() {
 }
 
 func execute(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
 	err := cobraConfig.Validate()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Debugf("invalid config: %s", err)
@@ -120,7 +125,9 @@ func execute(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("setup metrics: %v", err)
 	}
 
+	wg.Add(1)
 	go func() {
+		defer wg.Done()
 		log.Infof("running metrics server: %s%s", metricsServer.Addr, metricsServer.Endpoint)
 		if err := metricsServer.ListenAndServe(); !errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
 			log.Fatalf("Failed to start metrics server: %v", err)
@@ -154,12 +161,31 @@ func execute(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create relay server: %v", err)
 	}
 	log.Infof("server will be available on: %s", srv.InstanceURL())
+	wg.Add(1)
 	go func() {
+		defer wg.Done()
 		if err := srv.Listen(srvListenerCfg); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("failed to bind server: %s", err)
 		}
 	}()
 
+	hCfg := healthcheck.Config{
+		ListenAddress:  cobraConfig.HealthcheckListenAddress,
+		ServiceChecker: srv,
+	}
+	httpHealthcheck, err := healthcheck.NewServer(hCfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("failed to create healthcheck server: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create healthcheck server: %v", err)
+	}
+	wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer wg.Done()
+		if err := httpHealthcheck.ListenAndServe(); !errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
+			log.Fatalf("Failed to start healthcheck server: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
 	// it will block until exit signal
 	waitForExitSignal()
 
@@ -167,6 +193,10 @@ func execute(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	defer cancel()
 
 	var shutDownErrors error
+	if err := httpHealthcheck.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
+		shutDownErrors = multierror.Append(shutDownErrors, fmt.Errorf("failed to close healthcheck server: %v", err))
+	}
+
 	if err := srv.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
 		shutDownErrors = multierror.Append(shutDownErrors, fmt.Errorf("failed to close server: %s", err))
 	}
@@ -175,6 +205,8 @@ func execute(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	if err := metricsServer.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
 		shutDownErrors = multierror.Append(shutDownErrors, fmt.Errorf("failed to close metrics server: %v", err))
 	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
 	return shutDownErrors
 }
 

relay/healthcheck/healthcheck.go

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+package healthcheck
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/protocol"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/server/listener/quic"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/server/listener/ws"
+)
+
+const (
+	statusHealthy   = "healthy"
+	statusUnhealthy = "unhealthy"
+
+	path = "/health"
+
+	cacheTTL = 3 * time.Second // Cache TTL for health status
+)
+
+type ServiceChecker interface {
+	ListenerProtocols() []protocol.Protocol
+	ListenAddress() string
+}
+
+type HealthStatus struct {
+	Status           string              `json:"status"`
+	Timestamp        time.Time           `json:"timestamp"`
+	Listeners        []protocol.Protocol `json:"listeners"`
+	CertificateValid bool                `json:"certificate_valid"`
+}
+
+type Config struct {
+	ListenAddress  string
+	ServiceChecker ServiceChecker
+}
+
+type Server struct {
+	config     Config
+	httpServer *http.Server
+
+	cacheMu     sync.Mutex
+	cacheStatus *HealthStatus
+}
+
+func NewServer(config Config) (*Server, error) {
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+
+	if config.ServiceChecker == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("service checker is required")
+	}
+
+	server := &Server{
+		config: config,
+		httpServer: &http.Server{
+			Addr:         config.ListenAddress,
+			Handler:      mux,
+			ReadTimeout:  5 * time.Second,
+			WriteTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
+			IdleTimeout:  15 * time.Second,
+		},
+	}
+
+	mux.HandleFunc(path, server.handleHealthcheck)
+	return server, nil
+}
+
+func (s *Server) ListenAndServe() error {
+	log.Infof("starting healthcheck server on: http://%s%s", dialAddress(s.config.ListenAddress), path)
+	return s.httpServer.ListenAndServe()
+}
+
+// Shutdown gracefully shuts down the healthcheck server
+func (s *Server) Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error {
+	log.Info("Shutting down healthcheck server")
+	return s.httpServer.Shutdown(ctx)
+}
+
+func (s *Server) handleHealthcheck(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	var (
+		status *HealthStatus
+		ok     bool
+	)
+	// Cache check
+	s.cacheMu.Lock()
+	status = s.cacheStatus
+	s.cacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	if status != nil && time.Since(status.Timestamp) <= cacheTTL {
+		ok = status.Status == statusHealthy
+	} else {
+		status, ok = s.getHealthStatus(ctx)
+		// Update cache
+		s.cacheMu.Lock()
+		s.cacheStatus = status
+		s.cacheMu.Unlock()
+	}
+
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	if ok {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	} else {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
+	}
+
+	encoder := json.NewEncoder(w)
+	if err := encoder.Encode(status); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to encode healthcheck response: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *Server) getHealthStatus(ctx context.Context) (*HealthStatus, bool) {
+	healthy := true
+	status := &HealthStatus{
+		Timestamp:        time.Now(),
+		Status:           statusHealthy,
+		CertificateValid: true,
+	}
+
+	listeners, ok := s.validateListeners()
+	if !ok {
+		status.Status = statusUnhealthy
+		healthy = false
+	}
+	status.Listeners = listeners
+
+	if ok := s.validateCertificate(ctx); !ok {
+		status.Status = statusUnhealthy
+		status.CertificateValid = false
+		healthy = false
+	}
+
+	return status, healthy
+}
+
+func (s *Server) validateListeners() ([]protocol.Protocol, bool) {
+	listeners := s.config.ServiceChecker.ListenerProtocols()
+	if len(listeners) == 0 {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return listeners, true
+}
+
+func (s *Server) validateCertificate(ctx context.Context) bool {
+	listenAddress := s.config.ServiceChecker.ListenAddress()
+	if listenAddress == "" {
+		log.Warn("listen address is empty")
+		return false
+	}
+
+	dAddr := dialAddress(listenAddress)
+
+	for _, proto := range s.config.ServiceChecker.ListenerProtocols() {
+		switch proto {
+		case ws.Proto:
+			if err := dialWS(ctx, dAddr); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to dial WebSocket listener: %v", err)
+				return false
+			}
+		case quic.Proto:
+			if err := dialQUIC(ctx, dAddr); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to dial QUIC listener: %v", err)
+				return false
+			}
+		default:
+			log.Warnf("unknown protocol for healthcheck: %s", proto)
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func dialAddress(listenAddress string) string {
+	host, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(listenAddress)
+	if err != nil {
+		return listenAddress // fallback, might be invalid for dialing
+	}
+
+	if host == "" || host == "::" || host == "0.0.0.0" {
+		host = "0.0.0.0"
+	}
+
+	return net.JoinHostPort(host, port)
+}

relay/healthcheck/quic.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package healthcheck
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/quic-go/quic-go"
+
+	tlsnb "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/relay/tls"
+)
+
+func dialQUIC(ctx context.Context, address string) error {
+	tlsConfig := &tls.Config{
+		InsecureSkipVerify: false, // Keep certificate validation enabled
+		NextProtos:         []string{tlsnb.NBalpn},
+	}
+
+	conn, err := quic.DialAddr(ctx, address, tlsConfig, &quic.Config{
+		MaxIdleTimeout:  30 * time.Second,
+		KeepAlivePeriod: 10 * time.Second,
+		EnableDatagrams: true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to QUIC server: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	_ = conn.CloseWithError(0, "availability check complete")
+	return nil
+}

relay/healthcheck/ws.go

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package healthcheck
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/coder/websocket"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/relay"
+)
+
+func dialWS(ctx context.Context, address string) error {
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("wss://%s%s", address, relay.WebSocketURLPath)
+
+	conn, resp, err := websocket.Dial(ctx, url, nil)
+	if resp != nil {
+		defer func() {
+			_ = resp.Body.Close()
+		}()
+
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to websocket: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	_ = conn.Close(websocket.StatusNormalClosure, "availability check complete")
+	return nil
+}

relay/protocol/protocol.go

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+package protocol
+
+type Protocol string

relay/server/listener/listener.go

@@ -3,9 +3,12 @@ package listener
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/protocol"
 )
 
 type Listener interface {
 	Listen(func(conn net.Conn)) error
 	Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error
+	Protocol() protocol.Protocol
 }

relay/server/listener/quic/listener.go

@@ -9,8 +9,12 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/quic-go/quic-go"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/protocol"
 )
 
+const Proto protocol.Protocol = "quic"
+
 type Listener struct {
 	// Address is the address to listen on
 	Address string
@@ -50,6 +54,10 @@ func (l *Listener) Listen(acceptFn func(conn net.Conn)) error {
 	}
 }
 
+func (l *Listener) Protocol() protocol.Protocol {
+	return Proto
+}
+
 func (l *Listener) Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if l.listener == nil {
 		return nil

relay/server/listener/ws/listener.go

@@ -11,11 +11,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/coder/websocket"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/protocol"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/relay"
 )
 
-// URLPath is the path for the websocket connection.
-const URLPath = relay.WebSocketURLPath
+const (
+	Proto   protocol.Protocol = "ws"
+	URLPath                   = relay.WebSocketURLPath
+)
 
 type Listener struct {
 	// Address is the address to listen on.
@@ -51,6 +54,10 @@ func (l *Listener) Listen(acceptFn func(conn net.Conn)) error {
 	return err
 }
 
+func (l *Listener) Protocol() protocol.Protocol {
+	return Proto
+}
+
 func (l *Listener) Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if l.server == nil {
 		return nil

relay/server/server.go

@@ -6,12 +6,14 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
 	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/protocol"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/server/listener"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/server/listener/quic"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/server/listener/ws"
 	quictls "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/relay/tls"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
 // ListenerConfig is the configuration for the listener.
@@ -26,8 +28,11 @@ type ListenerConfig struct {
 // It is the gate between the WebSocket listener and the Relay server logic.
 // In a new HTTP connection, the server will accept the connection and pass it to the Relay server via the Accept method.
 type Server struct {
+	listenAddr string
+
 	relay       *Relay
 	listeners   []listener.Listener
+	listenerMux sync.Mutex
 }
 
 // NewServer creates and returns a new relay server instance.
@@ -57,10 +62,14 @@ func NewServer(config Config) (*Server, error) {
 
 // Listen starts the relay server.
 func (r *Server) Listen(cfg ListenerConfig) error {
+	r.listenAddr = cfg.Address
+
 	wSListener := &ws.Listener{
 		Address:   cfg.Address,
 		TLSConfig: cfg.TLSConfig,
 	}
+
+	r.listenerMux.Lock()
 	r.listeners = append(r.listeners, wSListener)
 
 	tlsConfigQUIC, err := quictls.ServerQUICTLSConfig(cfg.TLSConfig)
@@ -85,6 +94,8 @@ func (r *Server) Listen(cfg ListenerConfig) error {
 		}(l)
 	}
 
+	r.listenerMux.Unlock()
+
 	wg.Wait()
 	close(errChan)
 	var multiErr *multierror.Error
@@ -100,12 +111,15 @@ func (r *Server) Listen(cfg ListenerConfig) error {
 func (r *Server) Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error {
 	r.relay.Shutdown(ctx)
 
+	r.listenerMux.Lock()
 	var multiErr *multierror.Error
 	for _, l := range r.listeners {
 		if err := l.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
 			multiErr = multierror.Append(multiErr, err)
 		}
 	}
+	r.listeners = r.listeners[:0]
+	r.listenerMux.Unlock()
 	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(multiErr)
 }
 
@@ -113,3 +127,18 @@ func (r *Server) Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error {
 func (r *Server) InstanceURL() string {
 	return r.relay.instanceURL
 }
+
+func (r *Server) ListenerProtocols() []protocol.Protocol {
+	result := make([]protocol.Protocol, 0)
+
+	r.listenerMux.Lock()
+	for _, l := range r.listeners {
+		result = append(result, l.Protocol())
+	}
+	r.listenerMux.Unlock()
+	return result
+}
+
+func (r *Server) ListenAddress() string {
+	return r.listenAddr
+}

shared/relay/tls/alpn.go

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 package tls
 
-const nbalpn = "nb-quic"
+const NBalpn = "nb-quic"

shared/relay/tls/client_dev.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func ClientQUICTLSConfig() *tls.Config {
 
 	return &tls.Config{
 		InsecureSkipVerify: true,             // Debug mode allows insecure connections
-		NextProtos:         []string{nbalpn}, // Ensure this matches the server's ALPN
+		NextProtos:         []string{NBalpn}, // Ensure this matches the server's ALPN
 		RootCAs:            certPool,
 	}
 }

shared/relay/tls/client_prod.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func ClientQUICTLSConfig() *tls.Config {
 	}
 
 	return &tls.Config{
-		NextProtos: []string{nbalpn},
+		NextProtos: []string{NBalpn},
 		RootCAs:    certPool,
 	}
 }

shared/relay/tls/server_dev.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func ServerQUICTLSConfig(originTLSCfg *tls.Config) (*tls.Config, error) {
 	}
 
 	cfg := originTLSCfg.Clone()
-	cfg.NextProtos = []string{nbalpn}
+	cfg.NextProtos = []string{NBalpn}
 	return cfg, nil
 }
 
@@ -74,6 +74,6 @@ func generateTestTLSConfig() (*tls.Config, error) {
 
 	return &tls.Config{
 		Certificates: []tls.Certificate{tlsCert},
-		NextProtos:   []string{nbalpn},
+		NextProtos:   []string{NBalpn},
 	}, nil
 }

shared/relay/tls/server_prod.go

@@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ func ServerQUICTLSConfig(originTLSCfg *tls.Config) (*tls.Config, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("valid TLS config is required for QUIC listener")
 	}
 	cfg := originTLSCfg.Clone()
-	cfg.NextProtos = []string{nbalpn}
+	cfg.NextProtos = []string{NBalpn}
 	return cfg, nil
 }