Cleanup

client/internal/connect.go

@@ -272,11 +272,12 @@ func (c *ConnectClient) run(mobileDependency MobileDependency, runningChan chan
 		c.engine.SetNetworkMapPersistence(c.persistNetworkMap)
 		c.engineMutex.Unlock()
 
-		if err := c.engine.Start(); err != nil {
+		if err := c.engine.Start(loginResp.GetNetbirdConfig(), c.config.ManagementURL); err != nil {
 			log.Errorf("error while starting Netbird Connection Engine: %s", err)
 			return wrapErr(err)
 		}
 
+
 		log.Infof("Netbird engine started, the IP is: %s", peerConfig.GetAddress())
 		state.Set(StatusConnected)
 
@@ -442,8 +443,6 @@ func createEngineConfig(key wgtypes.Key, config *Config, peerConfig *mgmProto.Pe
 		BlockInbound:        config.BlockInbound,
 
 		LazyConnectionEnabled: config.LazyConnectionEnabled,
-		ManagementURL:         config.ManagementURL,
-		NetbirdConfig:         netbirdConfig,
 	}
 
 	if config.PreSharedKey != "" {

client/internal/dns/config/domains.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"net/url"
+	"strings"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
@@ -40,19 +41,34 @@ func ExtractFromNetbirdConfig(config *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) ServerDomains {
 
 // extractValidDomain extracts a valid domain from a URL, filtering out IP addresses
 func extractValidDomain(rawURL string) (domain.Domain, error) {
-	parsedURL, err := url.Parse(rawURL)
+	if rawURL == "" {
-	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("empty URL")
-		// If URL parsing fails, it might be a raw host:port, try parsing as such
-		if host, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(rawURL); err == nil {
-			return extractDomainFromHost(host)
-		}
-		// If not host:port, try as raw hostname
-		return extractDomainFromHost(rawURL)
 	}
 
-	host := parsedURL.Hostname()
+	// Try standard URL parsing first (handles https://, http://, rels://, etc.)
-	if host == "" {
+	if parsedURL, err := url.Parse(rawURL); err == nil && parsedURL.Hostname() != "" {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("no hostname in URL")
+		return extractDomainFromHost(parsedURL.Hostname())
+	}
+
+	// Extract domain from various formats:
+	// - stun:domain:port -> domain
+	// - turns:domain:port?params -> domain
+	// - domain:port -> domain
+	host := rawURL
+
+	// Remove scheme prefix (stun:, turn:, turns:)
+	if colonIndex := strings.Index(host, ":"); colonIndex > 0 && colonIndex < 10 && !strings.Contains(host[:colonIndex], ".") {
+		host = host[colonIndex+1:]
+	}
+
+	// Remove port suffix
+	if hostOnly, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(host); err == nil {
+		host = hostOnly
+	}
+
+	// Remove query parameters
+	if queryIndex := strings.Index(host, "?"); queryIndex > 0 {
+		host = host[:queryIndex]
 	}
 
 	return extractDomainFromHost(host)

client/internal/dns/config/domains_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestExtractValidDomain(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		url         string
+		expected    string
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "HTTPS URL with port",
+			url:      "https://api.netbird.io:443",
+			expected: "api.netbird.io",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "HTTP URL without port",
+			url:      "http://signal.example.com",
+			expected: "signal.example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Host with port (no scheme)",
+			url:      "signal.netbird.io:443",
+			expected: "signal.netbird.io",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "STUN URL",
+			url:      "stun:stun.netbird.io:443",
+			expected: "stun.netbird.io",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "STUN URL with different port",
+			url:      "stun:stun.netbird.io:5555",
+			expected: "stun.netbird.io",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "TURNS URL with query params",
+			url:      "turns:turn.netbird.io:443?transport=tcp",
+			expected: "turn.netbird.io",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "TURN URL",
+			url:      "turn:turn.example.com:3478",
+			expected: "turn.example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "REL URL",
+			url:      "rel://relay.example.com:443",
+			expected: "relay.example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "RELS URL",
+			url:      "rels://relay.netbird.io:443",
+			expected: "relay.netbird.io",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Raw hostname",
+			url:      "example.org",
+			expected: "example.org",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "IP address should be rejected",
+			url:         "192.168.1.1",
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "IP address with port should be rejected",
+			url:         "192.168.1.1:443",
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "IPv6 address should be rejected",
+			url:         "2001:db8::1",
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "Empty URL",
+			url:         "",
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result, err := extractValidDomain(tt.url)
+
+			if tt.expectError {
+				assert.Error(t, err, "Expected error for URL: %s", tt.url)
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err, "Unexpected error for URL: %s", tt.url)
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result.SafeString(), "Domain mismatch for URL: %s", tt.url)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExtractDomainFromHost(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		host        string
+		expected    string
+		expectError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Valid domain",
+			host:     "example.com",
+			expected: "example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Subdomain",
+			host:     "api.example.com",
+			expected: "api.example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "IPv4 address",
+			host:        "192.168.1.1",
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "IPv6 address",
+			host:        "2001:db8::1",
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "Empty host",
+			host:        "",
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result, err := extractDomainFromHost(tt.host)
+
+			if tt.expectError {
+				assert.Error(t, err, "Expected error for host: %s", tt.host)
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err, "Unexpected error for host: %s", tt.host)
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result.SafeString(), "Domain mismatch for host: %s", tt.host)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

client/internal/dns/mgmt/mgmt.go

@@ -16,25 +16,19 @@ import (
 
 	dnsconfig "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns/config"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/domain"
-	mgmProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/proto"
 )
 
-// CacheEntry holds DNS records for a cached domain
-type CacheEntry struct {
-	ARecords    []dns.RR
-	AAAARecords []dns.RR
-}
-
 // Resolver caches critical NetBird infrastructure domains
 type Resolver struct {
-	cache          map[domain.Domain]CacheEntry
+	records          map[dns.Question][]dns.RR
+	managementDomain *domain.Domain
 	mutex            sync.RWMutex
 }
 
 // NewResolver creates a new management domains cache resolver.
 func NewResolver() *Resolver {
 	return &Resolver{
-		cache:          make(map[domain.Domain]CacheEntry),
+		records: make(map[dns.Question][]dns.RR),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -51,7 +45,7 @@ func (m *Resolver) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 	}
 
 	question := r.Question[0]
-	qname := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSuffix(question.Name, "."))
+	question.Name = strings.ToLower(dns.Fqdn(question.Name))
 
 	if question.Qtype != dns.TypeA && question.Qtype != dns.TypeAAAA {
 		m.continueToNext(w, r)
@@ -59,8 +53,7 @@ func (m *Resolver) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 	}
 
 	m.mutex.RLock()
-	domainKey := domain.Domain(qname)
+	records, found := m.records[question]
-	entry, found := m.cache[domainKey]
 	m.mutex.RUnlock()
 
 	if !found {
@@ -73,34 +66,19 @@ func (m *Resolver) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 	resp.Authoritative = false
 	resp.RecursionAvailable = true
 
-	var records []dns.RR
+	resp.Answer = append(resp.Answer, records...)
-	if question.Qtype == dns.TypeA {
-		records = entry.ARecords
-	} else if question.Qtype == dns.TypeAAAA {
-		records = entry.AAAARecords
-	}
 
-	if len(records) == 0 {
+	log.Debugf("serving %d cached records for domain=%s", len(resp.Answer), question.Name)
-		m.continueToNext(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-
-	for _, rr := range records {
-		rrCopy := dns.Copy(rr)
-		rrCopy.Header().Name = question.Name
-		resp.Answer = append(resp.Answer, rrCopy)
-	}
-
-	log.Debugf("serving %d cached records for domain=%s", len(resp.Answer), domainKey.SafeString())
 
 	if err := w.WriteMsg(resp); err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("failed to write response: %v", err)
 	}
 }
 
-// MatchSubdomains always returns true as required by the interface.
+// MatchSubdomains returns false since this resolver only handles exact domain matches
+// for NetBird infrastructure domains (signal, relay, flow, etc.), not their subdomains.
 func (m *Resolver) MatchSubdomains() bool {
-	return true
+	return false
 }
 
 // continueToNext signals the handler chain to continue to the next handler.
@@ -115,8 +93,6 @@ func (m *Resolver) continueToNext(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 
 // AddDomain manually adds a domain to cache by resolving it.
 func (m *Resolver) AddDomain(ctx context.Context, d domain.Domain) error {
-	log.Debugf("adding domain=%s to cache", d.SafeString())
-
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
 
@@ -130,7 +106,7 @@ func (m *Resolver) AddDomain(ctx context.Context, d domain.Domain) error {
 		if ip.Is4() {
 			rr := &dns.A{
 				Hdr: dns.RR_Header{
-					Name:   d.PunycodeString() + ".",
+					Name:   strings.ToLower(dns.Fqdn(d.PunycodeString())),
 					Rrtype: dns.TypeA,
 					Class:  dns.ClassINET,
 					Ttl:    300,
@@ -141,7 +117,7 @@ func (m *Resolver) AddDomain(ctx context.Context, d domain.Domain) error {
 		} else if ip.Is6() {
 			rr := &dns.AAAA{
 				Hdr: dns.RR_Header{
-					Name:   d.PunycodeString() + ".",
+					Name:   strings.ToLower(dns.Fqdn(d.PunycodeString())),
 					Rrtype: dns.TypeAAAA,
 					Class:  dns.ClassINET,
 					Ttl:    300,
@@ -153,10 +129,25 @@ func (m *Resolver) AddDomain(ctx context.Context, d domain.Domain) error {
 	}
 
 	m.mutex.Lock()
-	m.cache[d] = CacheEntry{
+
-		ARecords:    aRecords,
+	if len(aRecords) > 0 {
-		AAAARecords: aaaaRecords,
+		aQuestion := dns.Question{
+			Name:   strings.ToLower(dns.Fqdn(d.PunycodeString())),
+			Qtype:  dns.TypeA,
+			Qclass: dns.ClassINET,
 		}
+		m.records[aQuestion] = aRecords
+	}
+
+	if len(aaaaRecords) > 0 {
+		aaaaQuestion := dns.Question{
+			Name:   strings.ToLower(dns.Fqdn(d.PunycodeString())),
+			Qtype:  dns.TypeAAAA,
+			Qclass: dns.ClassINET,
+		}
+		m.records[aaaaQuestion] = aaaaRecords
+	}
+
 	m.mutex.Unlock()
 
 	log.Debugf("added domain=%s with %d A records and %d AAAA records",
@@ -167,12 +158,21 @@ func (m *Resolver) AddDomain(ctx context.Context, d domain.Domain) error {
 
 // PopulateFromConfig extracts and caches domains from the client configuration.
 func (m *Resolver) PopulateFromConfig(ctx context.Context, mgmtURL *url.URL) error {
-	if mgmtURL != nil {
+	if mgmtURL == nil {
-		if d, err := extractDomainFromURL(mgmtURL); err == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	d, err := extractDomainFromURL(mgmtURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("extract domain from URL: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	m.managementDomain = &d
+	m.mutex.Unlock()
+
 	if err := m.AddDomain(ctx, d); err != nil {
-				log.Warnf("failed to add management domain: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("add domain: %w", err)
-			}
-		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -183,191 +183,95 @@ func (m *Resolver) RemoveDomain(d domain.Domain) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	delete(m.cache, d)
+	aQuestion := dns.Question{
+		Name:   strings.ToLower(dns.Fqdn(d.PunycodeString())),
+		Qtype:  dns.TypeA,
+		Qclass: dns.ClassINET,
+	}
+	delete(m.records, aQuestion)
+
+	aaaaQuestion := dns.Question{
+		Name:   strings.ToLower(dns.Fqdn(d.PunycodeString())),
+		Qtype:  dns.TypeAAAA,
+		Qclass: dns.ClassINET,
+	}
+	delete(m.records, aaaaQuestion)
+
 	log.Debugf("removed domain=%s from cache", d.SafeString())
 	return nil
 }
 
-// PopulateFromNetbirdConfig extracts and caches domains from the netbird config.
-func (m *Resolver) PopulateFromNetbirdConfig(ctx context.Context, config *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) error {
-	if config == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	m.addSignalDomain(ctx, config.Signal)
-	m.addRelayDomains(ctx, config.Relay)
-	m.addFlowDomain(ctx, config.Flow)
-	m.addStunDomains(ctx, config.Stuns)
-	m.addTurnDomains(ctx, config.Turns)
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// addSignalDomain adds signal server domain to cache.
-func (m *Resolver) addSignalDomain(ctx context.Context, signal *mgmProto.HostConfig) {
-	if signal == nil || signal.Uri == "" {
-		return
-	}
-
-	signalURL, err := url.Parse(signal.Uri)
-	if err != nil {
-		// If parsing fails, it might be a raw host:port, try adding a scheme
-		signalURL, err = url.Parse("https://" + signal.Uri)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to parse signal URL: %v", err)
-			return
-		}
-	}
-
-	d, err := extractDomainFromURL(signalURL)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("failed to extract signal domain: %v", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	if err := m.AddDomain(ctx, d); err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("failed to add signal domain: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-// addRelayDomains adds relay server domains to cache.
-func (m *Resolver) addRelayDomains(ctx context.Context, relay *mgmProto.RelayConfig) {
-	if relay == nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	for _, relayAddr := range relay.Urls {
-		relayURL, err := url.Parse(relayAddr)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to parse relay URL %s: %v", relayAddr, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		d, err := extractDomainFromURL(relayURL)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to extract relay domain from %s: %v", relayAddr, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if err := m.AddDomain(ctx, d); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to add relay domain: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// addFlowDomain adds traffic flow server domain to cache.
-func (m *Resolver) addFlowDomain(ctx context.Context, flow *mgmProto.FlowConfig) {
-	if flow == nil || flow.Url == "" {
-		return
-	}
-
-	flowURL, err := url.Parse(flow.Url)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("failed to parse flow URL: %v", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	d, err := extractDomainFromURL(flowURL)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("failed to extract flow domain: %v", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	if err := m.AddDomain(ctx, d); err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("failed to add flow domain: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
 // GetCachedDomains returns a list of all cached domains.
-func (m *Resolver) GetCachedDomains() []domain.Domain {
+func (m *Resolver) GetCachedDomains() domain.List {
 	m.mutex.RLock()
 	defer m.mutex.RUnlock()
 
-	domains := make([]domain.Domain, 0, len(m.cache))
+	domainSet := make(map[domain.Domain]struct{})
-	for d := range m.cache {
+	for question := range m.records {
+		domainName := strings.TrimSuffix(question.Name, ".")
+		domainSet[domain.Domain(domainName)] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	domains := make(domain.List, 0, len(domainSet))
+	for d := range domainSet {
 		domains = append(domains, d)
 	}
-	return domains
-}
-
-// ClearCache removes all cached domains and returns them for external deregistration.
-func (m *Resolver) ClearCache() []domain.Domain {
-	m.mutex.Lock()
-	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
-
-	domains := make([]domain.Domain, 0, len(m.cache))
-	for d := range m.cache {
-		domains = append(domains, d)
-	}
-
-	m.cache = make(map[domain.Domain]CacheEntry)
-	log.Debugf("cleared %d cached domains", len(domains))
 
 	return domains
 }
 
-// UpdateFromNetbirdConfig updates the cache intelligently by comparing current and new configurations.
+// UpdateFromServerDomains updates the cache using the simplified ServerDomains struct
-// Returns domains that were removed for external deregistration.
+func (m *Resolver) UpdateFromServerDomains(ctx context.Context, serverDomains dnsconfig.ServerDomains) (domain.List, error) {
-func (m *Resolver) UpdateFromNetbirdConfig(ctx context.Context, config *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) ([]domain.Domain, error) {
-	log.Debugf("updating cache from NetbirdConfig")
-
 	currentDomains := m.GetCachedDomains()
-	newDomains := m.extractDomainsFromConfig(config)
+	newDomains := m.extractDomainsFromServerDomains(serverDomains)
 
-	var removedDomains []domain.Domain
+	removedDomains := m.removeStaleDomainsExceptManagement(currentDomains, newDomains)
-	for _, currentDomain := range currentDomains {
+	m.addNewDomains(ctx, newDomains)
-		found := false
-		for _, newDomain := range newDomains {
-			if currentDomain.SafeString() == newDomain.SafeString() {
-				found = true
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if !found {
-			removedDomains = append(removedDomains, currentDomain)
-		}
-	}
-
-	m.mutex.Lock()
-	for _, domainToRemove := range removedDomains {
-		delete(m.cache, domainToRemove)
-		log.Debugf("removed domain=%s from cache", domainToRemove.SafeString())
-	}
-	m.mutex.Unlock()
-
-	for _, newDomain := range newDomains {
-		if err := m.AddDomain(ctx, newDomain); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to add/update domain=%s: %v", newDomain.SafeString(), err)
-		}
-	}
 
 	return removedDomains, nil
 }
 
-// UpdateFromServerDomains updates the cache using the simplified ServerDomains struct
+// removeStaleDomainsExceptManagement removes domains not in newDomains, except management domain
-func (m *Resolver) UpdateFromServerDomains(ctx context.Context, serverDomains dnsconfig.ServerDomains) ([]domain.Domain, error) {
+func (m *Resolver) removeStaleDomainsExceptManagement(currentDomains, newDomains domain.List) domain.List {
-	log.Debugf("updating cache from ServerDomains")
+	var removedDomains domain.List
 
-	currentDomains := m.GetCachedDomains()
-	newDomains := m.extractDomainsFromServerDomains(serverDomains)
-
-	var removedDomains []domain.Domain
 	for _, currentDomain := range currentDomains {
-		found := false
+		if m.isDomainInList(currentDomain, newDomains) {
-		for _, newDomain := range newDomains {
+			continue
-			if currentDomain.SafeString() == newDomain.SafeString() {
-				found = true
-				break
 		}
+
+		if m.isManagementDomain(currentDomain) {
+			continue
 		}
-		if !found {
+
 		removedDomains = append(removedDomains, currentDomain)
 		if err := m.RemoveDomain(currentDomain); err != nil {
 			log.Warnf("failed to remove domain=%s: %v", currentDomain.SafeString(), err)
 		}
 	}
+
+	return removedDomains
 }
 
+// isDomainInList checks if domain exists in the list
+func (m *Resolver) isDomainInList(domain domain.Domain, list domain.List) bool {
+	for _, d := range list {
+		if domain.SafeString() == d.SafeString() {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// isManagementDomain checks if domain is the protected management domain
+func (m *Resolver) isManagementDomain(domain domain.Domain) bool {
+	m.mutex.RLock()
+	defer m.mutex.RUnlock()
+	return m.managementDomain != nil && domain.SafeString() == m.managementDomain.SafeString()
+}
+
+// addNewDomains adds all new domains to the cache
+func (m *Resolver) addNewDomains(ctx context.Context, newDomains domain.List) {
 	for _, newDomain := range newDomains {
 		if err := m.AddDomain(ctx, newDomain); err != nil {
 			log.Warnf("failed to add/update domain=%s: %v", newDomain.SafeString(), err)
@@ -375,12 +279,10 @@ func (m *Resolver) UpdateFromServerDomains(ctx context.Context, serverDomains dn
 			log.Debugf("added/updated management cache domain=%s", newDomain.SafeString())
 		}
 	}
-
-	return removedDomains, nil
 }
 
-func (m *Resolver) extractDomainsFromServerDomains(serverDomains dnsconfig.ServerDomains) []domain.Domain {
+func (m *Resolver) extractDomainsFromServerDomains(serverDomains dnsconfig.ServerDomains) domain.List {
-	var domains []domain.Domain
+	var domains domain.List
 
 	if serverDomains.Signal != "" {
 		domains = append(domains, serverDomains.Signal)
@@ -411,164 +313,6 @@ func (m *Resolver) extractDomainsFromServerDomains(serverDomains dnsconfig.Serve
 	return domains
 }
 
-// extractDomainsFromConfig extracts all domains from a NetbirdConfig.
-func (m *Resolver) extractDomainsFromConfig(config *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) []domain.Domain {
-	if config == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	var domains []domain.Domain
-
-	// Extract signal domain
-	domains = append(domains, m.extractSignalDomain(config)...)
-
-	// Extract relay domains
-	domains = append(domains, m.extractRelayDomains(config)...)
-
-	// Extract flow domain
-	domains = append(domains, m.extractFlowDomain(config)...)
-
-	// Extract STUN domains
-	domains = append(domains, m.extractSTUNDomains(config)...)
-
-	// Extract TURN domains
-	domains = append(domains, m.extractTURNDomains(config)...)
-
-	return domains
-}
-
-func (m *Resolver) extractSignalDomain(config *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) []domain.Domain {
-	if config.Signal == nil || config.Signal.Uri == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if d, err := m.extractDomainFromSignalConfig(config.Signal); err == nil {
-		return []domain.Domain{d}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *Resolver) extractRelayDomains(config *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) []domain.Domain {
-	if config.Relay == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	var domains []domain.Domain
-	for _, relayURL := range config.Relay.Urls {
-		if d, err := m.extractDomainFromURL(relayURL); err == nil {
-			domains = append(domains, d)
-		}
-	}
-	return domains
-}
-
-func (m *Resolver) extractFlowDomain(config *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) []domain.Domain {
-	if config.Flow == nil || config.Flow.Url == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if d, err := m.extractDomainFromURL(config.Flow.Url); err == nil {
-		return []domain.Domain{d}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (m *Resolver) extractSTUNDomains(config *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) []domain.Domain {
-	var domains []domain.Domain
-	for _, stun := range config.Stuns {
-		if stun != nil && stun.Uri != "" {
-			if d, err := m.extractDomainFromURL(stun.Uri); err == nil {
-				domains = append(domains, d)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return domains
-}
-
-func (m *Resolver) extractTURNDomains(config *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) []domain.Domain {
-	var domains []domain.Domain
-	for _, turn := range config.Turns {
-		if turn != nil && turn.HostConfig != nil && turn.HostConfig.Uri != "" {
-			if d, err := m.extractDomainFromURL(turn.HostConfig.Uri); err == nil {
-				domains = append(domains, d)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return domains
-}
-
-// extractDomainFromSignalConfig extracts domain from signal configuration.
-func (m *Resolver) extractDomainFromSignalConfig(signal *mgmProto.HostConfig) (domain.Domain, error) {
-	signalURL, err := url.Parse(signal.Uri)
-	if err != nil {
-		// If parsing fails, it might be a raw host:port, try adding a scheme
-		signalURL, err = url.Parse("https://" + signal.Uri)
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", err
-		}
-	}
-	return extractDomainFromURL(signalURL)
-}
-
-// extractDomainFromURL extracts domain from a URL string.
-func (m *Resolver) extractDomainFromURL(urlStr string) (domain.Domain, error) {
-	parsedURL, err := url.Parse(urlStr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return extractDomainFromURL(parsedURL)
-}
-
-// addStunDomains adds STUN server domains to cache.
-func (m *Resolver) addStunDomains(ctx context.Context, stuns []*mgmProto.HostConfig) {
-	for _, stun := range stuns {
-		if stun == nil || stun.Uri == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		stunURL, err := url.Parse(stun.Uri)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to parse STUN URL %s: %v", stun.Uri, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		d, err := extractDomainFromURL(stunURL)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to extract STUN domain from %s: %v", stun.Uri, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if err := m.AddDomain(ctx, d); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to add STUN domain: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// addTurnDomains adds TURN server domains to cache.
-func (m *Resolver) addTurnDomains(ctx context.Context, turns []*mgmProto.ProtectedHostConfig) {
-	for _, turn := range turns {
-		if turn == nil || turn.HostConfig == nil || turn.HostConfig.Uri == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		turnURL, err := url.Parse(turn.HostConfig.Uri)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to parse TURN URL %s: %v", turn.HostConfig.Uri, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		d, err := extractDomainFromURL(turnURL)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to extract TURN domain from %s: %v", turn.HostConfig.Uri, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if err := m.AddDomain(ctx, d); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to add TURN domain: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 // extractDomainFromURL extracts the domain from a URL.
 func extractDomainFromURL(u *url.URL) (domain.Domain, error) {
 	if u == nil {

client/internal/dns/mgmt/mgmt_test.go

@@ -2,22 +2,24 @@ package mgmt
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"net"
 	"net/url"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/miekg/dns"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 
-	mgmProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/proto"
+	dnsconfig "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns/config"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns/test"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/domain"
 )
 
 func TestResolver_NewResolver(t *testing.T) {
 	resolver := NewResolver()
 
 	assert.NotNil(t, resolver)
-	assert.NotNil(t, resolver.cache)
+	assert.NotNil(t, resolver.records)
-	assert.True(t, resolver.MatchSubdomains())
+	assert.False(t, resolver.MatchSubdomains())
 }
 
 func TestResolver_ExtractDomainFromURL(t *testing.T) {
@@ -113,145 +115,173 @@ func TestResolver_PopulateFromConfig(t *testing.T) {
 
 	resolver := NewResolver()
 
-	// Use IP address to avoid DNS resolution timeout
+	// Test with IP address - should return error since IP addresses are rejected
 	mgmtURL, _ := url.Parse("https://127.0.0.1")
 
 	err := resolver.PopulateFromConfig(ctx, mgmtURL)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "host is an IP address")
 
-	// IP addresses are rejected, so no domains should be cached
+	// No domains should be cached when using IP addresses
 	domains := resolver.GetCachedDomains()
 	assert.Equal(t, 0, len(domains), "No domains should be cached when using IP addresses")
 }
 
-func TestResolver_PopulateFromNetbirdConfig(t *testing.T) {
+func TestResolver_ServeDNS(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-	defer cancel()
-
 	resolver := NewResolver()
+	ctx := context.Background()
 
-	// Use IP addresses to avoid DNS resolution timeouts
+	// Add a test domain to the cache - use example.org which is reserved for testing
-	netbirdConfig := &mgmProto.NetbirdConfig{
+	testDomain, err := domain.FromString("example.org")
-		Signal: &mgmProto.HostConfig{
+	if err != nil {
-			Uri: "https://10.0.0.1",
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create domain: %v", err)
-		},
+	}
-		Relay: &mgmProto.RelayConfig{
+	err = resolver.AddDomain(ctx, testDomain)
-			Urls: []string{
+	if err != nil {
-				"https://10.0.0.2:443",
+		t.Skipf("Skipping test due to DNS resolution failure: %v", err)
-				"https://10.0.0.3:443",
+	}
-			},
+
-		},
+	// Test A record query for cached domain
-		Flow: &mgmProto.FlowConfig{
+	t.Run("Cached domain A record", func(t *testing.T) {
-			Url: "https://10.0.0.4:80",
+		var capturedMsg *dns.Msg
-		},
+		mockWriter := &test.MockResponseWriter{
-		Stuns: []*mgmProto.HostConfig{
+			WriteMsgFunc: func(m *dns.Msg) error {
-			{Uri: "stun:10.0.0.5:3478"},
+				capturedMsg = m
-			{Uri: "stun:10.0.0.6:3478"},
+				return nil
-		},
-		Turns: []*mgmProto.ProtectedHostConfig{
-			{
-				HostConfig: &mgmProto.HostConfig{
-					Uri: "turn:10.0.0.7:3478",
-				},
-			},
-			{
-				HostConfig: &mgmProto.HostConfig{
-					Uri: "turn:10.0.0.8:3478",
-				},
-			},
 			},
 		}
 
-	err := resolver.PopulateFromNetbirdConfig(ctx, netbirdConfig)
+		req := new(dns.Msg)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+		req.SetQuestion("example.org.", dns.TypeA)
 
-	// IP addresses are rejected, so no domains should be cached
+		resolver.ServeDNS(mockWriter, req)
-	domains := resolver.GetCachedDomains()
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, len(domains), "No domains should be cached when using IP addresses")
-}
 
-func TestResolver_UpdateFromNetbirdConfig(t *testing.T) {
+		assert.NotNil(t, capturedMsg)
-	resolver := NewResolver()
+		assert.Equal(t, dns.RcodeSuccess, capturedMsg.Rcode)
+		assert.True(t, len(capturedMsg.Answer) > 0, "Should have at least one answer")
+	})
 
-	// Test with empty initial config and then add domains
+	// Test uncached domain signals to continue to next handler
-	initialConfig := &mgmProto.NetbirdConfig{}
+	t.Run("Uncached domain signals continue to next handler", func(t *testing.T) {
-
+		var capturedMsg *dns.Msg
-	// Start with empty config
+		mockWriter := &test.MockResponseWriter{
-	removedDomains, err := resolver.UpdateFromNetbirdConfig(context.Background(), initialConfig)
+			WriteMsgFunc: func(m *dns.Msg) error {
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+				capturedMsg = m
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, len(removedDomains), "No domains should be removed from empty cache")
+				return nil
-
-	// Update to config with IP addresses instead of domains to avoid DNS resolution
-	// IP addresses will be rejected by extractDomainFromURL so no actual resolution happens
-	updatedConfig := &mgmProto.NetbirdConfig{
-		Signal: &mgmProto.HostConfig{
-			Uri: "https://127.0.0.1",
-		},
-		Flow: &mgmProto.FlowConfig{
-			Url: "https://192.168.1.1:80",
 			},
 		}
 
-	removedDomains, err = resolver.UpdateFromNetbirdConfig(context.Background(), updatedConfig)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
-
-	// Verify the method completes successfully without DNS timeouts
-	assert.GreaterOrEqual(t, len(removedDomains), 0, "Should not error on config update")
-
-	// Verify no domains were actually added since IPs are rejected
-	domains := resolver.GetCachedDomains()
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, len(domains), "No domains should be cached when using IP addresses")
-}
-
-func TestResolver_ContinueToNext(t *testing.T) {
-	resolver := NewResolver()
-
-	// Create a mock response writer to capture the response
-	mockWriter := &MockResponseWriter{}
-
-	// Create a test DNS query
 		req := new(dns.Msg)
 		req.SetQuestion("unknown.example.com.", dns.TypeA)
 
-	// Call continueToNext
+		resolver.ServeDNS(mockWriter, req)
-	resolver.continueToNext(mockWriter, req)
 
-	// Verify the response
+		assert.NotNil(t, capturedMsg)
-	assert.NotNil(t, mockWriter.msg)
+		assert.Equal(t, dns.RcodeNameError, capturedMsg.Rcode)
-	assert.Equal(t, dns.RcodeNameError, mockWriter.msg.Rcode)
+		// Zero flag set to true signals the handler chain to continue to next handler
-	assert.True(t, mockWriter.msg.MsgHdr.Zero)
+		assert.True(t, capturedMsg.MsgHdr.Zero, "Zero flag should be set to signal continuation to next handler")
-}
+		assert.Empty(t, capturedMsg.Answer, "Should have no answers for uncached domain")
+	})
 
-// MockResponseWriter is a simple mock implementation of dns.ResponseWriter for testing
+	// Test that subdomains of cached domains are NOT resolved
-type MockResponseWriter struct {
+	t.Run("Subdomains of cached domains are not resolved", func(t *testing.T) {
-	msg *dns.Msg
+		var capturedMsg *dns.Msg
-}
+		mockWriter := &test.MockResponseWriter{
-
+			WriteMsgFunc: func(m *dns.Msg) error {
-func (m *MockResponseWriter) LocalAddr() net.Addr {
+				capturedMsg = m
-	return &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("127.0.0.1"), Port: 53}
-}
-
-func (m *MockResponseWriter) RemoteAddr() net.Addr {
-	return &net.UDPAddr{IP: net.ParseIP("127.0.0.1"), Port: 12345}
-}
-
-func (m *MockResponseWriter) WriteMsg(msg *dns.Msg) error {
-	m.msg = msg
 				return nil
+			},
 		}
 
-func (m *MockResponseWriter) Write([]byte) (int, error) {
+		// Query for a subdomain of our cached domain
-	return 0, nil
+		req := new(dns.Msg)
-}
+		req.SetQuestion("sub.example.org.", dns.TypeA)
 
-func (m *MockResponseWriter) Close() error {
+		resolver.ServeDNS(mockWriter, req)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, capturedMsg)
+		assert.Equal(t, dns.RcodeNameError, capturedMsg.Rcode)
+		assert.True(t, capturedMsg.MsgHdr.Zero, "Should signal continuation to next handler for subdomains")
+		assert.Empty(t, capturedMsg.Answer, "Should have no answers for subdomains")
+	})
+
+	// Test case-insensitive matching
+	t.Run("Case-insensitive domain matching", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var capturedMsg *dns.Msg
+		mockWriter := &test.MockResponseWriter{
+			WriteMsgFunc: func(m *dns.Msg) error {
+				capturedMsg = m
 				return nil
+			},
 		}
 
-func (m *MockResponseWriter) TsigStatus() error {
+		// Query with different casing
-	return nil
+		req := new(dns.Msg)
+		req.SetQuestion("EXAMPLE.ORG.", dns.TypeA)
+
+		resolver.ServeDNS(mockWriter, req)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, capturedMsg)
+		assert.Equal(t, dns.RcodeSuccess, capturedMsg.Rcode)
+		assert.True(t, len(capturedMsg.Answer) > 0, "Should resolve regardless of case")
+	})
 }
 
-func (m *MockResponseWriter) TsigTimersOnly(bool) {}
+func TestResolver_GetCachedDomains(t *testing.T) {
+	resolver := NewResolver()
+	ctx := context.Background()
 
-func (m *MockResponseWriter) Hijack() {}
+	testDomain, err := domain.FromString("example.org")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to create domain: %v", err)
+	}
+	err = resolver.AddDomain(ctx, testDomain)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Skipf("Skipping test due to DNS resolution failure: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	cachedDomains := resolver.GetCachedDomains()
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(cachedDomains), "Should return exactly one domain for single added domain")
+	assert.Equal(t, testDomain.SafeString(), cachedDomains[0].SafeString(), "Cached domain should match original")
+	assert.False(t, strings.HasSuffix(cachedDomains[0].PunycodeString(), "."), "Domain should not have trailing dot")
+}
+
+func TestResolver_ManagementDomainProtection(t *testing.T) {
+	resolver := NewResolver()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	mgmtURL, _ := url.Parse("https://example.org")
+	err := resolver.PopulateFromConfig(ctx, mgmtURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Skipf("Skipping test due to DNS resolution failure: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	initialDomains := resolver.GetCachedDomains()
+	if len(initialDomains) == 0 {
+		t.Skip("Management domain failed to resolve, skipping test")
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(initialDomains), "Should have management domain cached")
+	assert.Equal(t, "example.org", initialDomains[0].SafeString())
+
+	serverDomains := dnsconfig.ServerDomains{
+		Signal: "google.com",
+		Relay:  []domain.Domain{"cloudflare.com"},
+	}
+
+	_, err = resolver.UpdateFromServerDomains(ctx, serverDomains)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Logf("Server domains update failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	finalDomains := resolver.GetCachedDomains()
+
+	managementStillCached := false
+	for _, d := range finalDomains {
+		if d.SafeString() == "example.org" {
+			managementStillCached = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	assert.True(t, managementStillCached, "Management domain should never be removed")
+}

client/internal/dns/server.go

@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@ type DefaultServer struct {
 	handlerChain       *HandlerChain
 	extraDomains       map[domain.Domain]int
 
-	// management cache resolver for critical infrastructure domains
 	mgmtCacheResolver *mgmt.Resolver
 
 	// permanent related properties
@@ -106,18 +105,15 @@ type registeredHandlerMap map[types.HandlerID]handlerWrapper
 
 // DefaultServerConfig holds configuration parameters for NewDefaultServer
 type DefaultServerConfig struct {
-	Ctx            context.Context
 	WgInterface    WGIface
 	CustomAddress  string
 	StatusRecorder *peer.Status
 	StateManager   *statemanager.Manager
 	DisableSys     bool
-	MgmtURL        *url.URL
-	ServerDomains  dnsconfig.ServerDomains
 }
 
 // NewDefaultServer returns a new dns server
-func NewDefaultServer(config DefaultServerConfig) (*DefaultServer, error) {
+func NewDefaultServer(ctx context.Context, config DefaultServerConfig) (*DefaultServer, error) {
 	var addrPort *netip.AddrPort
 	if config.CustomAddress != "" {
 		parsedAddrPort, err := netip.ParseAddrPort(config.CustomAddress)
@@ -134,20 +130,7 @@ func NewDefaultServer(config DefaultServerConfig) (*DefaultServer, error) {
 		dnsService = newServiceViaListener(config.WgInterface, addrPort)
 	}
 
-	server := newDefaultServer(config.Ctx, config.WgInterface, dnsService, config.StatusRecorder, config.StateManager, config.DisableSys)
+	server := newDefaultServer(ctx, config.WgInterface, dnsService, config.StatusRecorder, config.StateManager, config.DisableSys)
-
-	if config.MgmtURL != nil && server.mgmtCacheResolver != nil {
-		if err := server.mgmtCacheResolver.PopulateFromConfig(config.Ctx, config.MgmtURL); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("Failed to populate management cache from management URL: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if server.mgmtCacheResolver != nil {
-		if err := server.UpdateServerConfig(config.ServerDomains); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("Failed to populate management cache from ServerDomains: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-
 	return server, nil
 }
 
@@ -197,7 +180,6 @@ func newDefaultServer(
 	handlerChain := NewHandlerChain()
 	ctx, stop := context.WithCancel(ctx)
 
-	// Create management cache resolver
 	mgmtCacheResolver := mgmt.NewResolver()
 
 	defaultServer := &DefaultServer{
@@ -345,20 +327,8 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) Stop() {
 	maps.Clear(s.extraDomains)
 }
 
-// PopulateMgmtCacheFromConfig populates the management cache with domains from the client configuration
-func (s *DefaultServer) PopulateMgmtCacheFromConfig(mgmtURL *url.URL) error {
-	if s.mgmtCacheResolver == nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("management cache resolver not initialized")
-	}
-
-	log.Debug("populating management cache from client configuration")
-	return s.mgmtCacheResolver.PopulateFromConfig(s.ctx, mgmtURL)
-}
-
-
 // OnUpdatedHostDNSServer update the DNS servers addresses for root zones
 // It will be applied if the mgm server do not enforce DNS settings for root zone
-
 func (s *DefaultServer) OnUpdatedHostDNSServer(hostsDnsList []string) {
 	s.hostsDNSHolder.set(hostsDnsList)
 
@@ -465,12 +435,12 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) UpdateServerConfig(domains dnsconfig.ServerDomains) erro
 		}
 
 		if len(removedDomains) > 0 {
-			s.DeregisterHandler(removedDomains, PriorityMgmtCache)
+			s.deregisterHandler(removedDomains.ToPunycodeList(), PriorityMgmtCache)
 		}
 
 		newDomains := s.mgmtCacheResolver.GetCachedDomains()
 		if len(newDomains) > 0 {
-			s.RegisterHandler(newDomains, s.mgmtCacheResolver, PriorityMgmtCache)
+			s.registerHandler(newDomains.ToPunycodeList(), s.mgmtCacheResolver, PriorityMgmtCache)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -935,3 +905,11 @@ func toZone(d domain.Domain) domain.Domain {
 		),
 	)
 }
+
+// PopulateManagementDomain populates the DNS cache with management domain
+func (s *DefaultServer) PopulateManagementDomain(ctx context.Context, mgmtURL *url.URL) error {
+	if s.mgmtCacheResolver != nil && mgmtURL != nil {
+		return s.mgmtCacheResolver.PopulateFromConfig(ctx, mgmtURL)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

client/internal/dns/server_test.go

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 	pfmock "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/mocks"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
-	dnsconfig "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns/config"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns/local"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns/test"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns/types"
@@ -364,15 +363,12 @@ func TestUpdateDNSServer(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Log(err)
 				}
 			}()
-			dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(DefaultServerConfig{
+			dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(context.Background(), DefaultServerConfig{
-				Ctx:            context.Background(),
 				WgInterface:    wgIface,
 				CustomAddress:  "",
 				StatusRecorder: peer.NewRecorder("mgm"),
 				StateManager:   nil,
 				DisableSys:     false,
-				MgmtURL:        nil,
-				ServerDomains:  dnsconfig.ServerDomains{},
 			})
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
@@ -483,15 +479,12 @@ func TestDNSFakeResolverHandleUpdates(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(DefaultServerConfig{
+	dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(context.Background(), DefaultServerConfig{
-		Ctx:            context.Background(),
 		WgInterface:    wgIface,
 		CustomAddress:  "",
 		StatusRecorder: peer.NewRecorder("mgm"),
 		StateManager:   nil,
 		DisableSys:     false,
-		MgmtURL:        nil,
-		ServerDomains:  dnsconfig.ServerDomains{},
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("create DNS server: %v", err)
@@ -594,15 +587,12 @@ func TestDNSServerStartStop(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
 		t.Run(testCase.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(DefaultServerConfig{
+			dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(context.Background(), DefaultServerConfig{
-				Ctx:            context.Background(),
 				WgInterface:    &mocWGIface{},
 				CustomAddress:  testCase.addrPort,
 				StatusRecorder: peer.NewRecorder("mgm"),
 				StateManager:   nil,
 				DisableSys:     false,
-				MgmtURL:        nil,
-				ServerDomains:  dnsconfig.ServerDomains{},
 			})
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("%v", err)

client/internal/engine.go

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import (
 	nbnetstack "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/netstack"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns/config"
+	dnsconfig "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns/config"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dnsfwd"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/ingressgw"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/netflow"
@@ -126,12 +126,6 @@ type EngineConfig struct {
 	BlockInbound        bool
 
 	LazyConnectionEnabled bool
-
-	// ManagementURL is the URL of the management server for DNS cache
-	ManagementURL *url.URL
-
-	// NetbirdConfig contains signal, relay, and flow server configuration
-	NetbirdConfig *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig
 }
 
 // Engine is a mechanism responsible for reacting on Signal and Management stream events and managing connections to the remote peers.
@@ -350,7 +344,7 @@ func (e *Engine) Stop() error {
 // Start creates a new WireGuard tunnel interface and listens to events from Signal and Management services
 // Connections to remote peers are not established here.
 // However, they will be established once an event with a list of peers to connect to will be received from Management Service
-func (e *Engine) Start() error {
+func (e *Engine) Start(netbirdConfig *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig, mgmtURL *url.URL) error {
 	e.syncMsgMux.Lock()
 	defer e.syncMsgMux.Unlock()
 
@@ -395,13 +389,18 @@ func (e *Engine) Start() error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("read initial settings: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	dnsServer, err := e.newDnsServer(dnsConfig, e.config.ManagementURL, e.config.NetbirdConfig)
+	dnsServer, err := e.newDnsServer(dnsConfig)
 	if err != nil {
 		e.close()
 		return fmt.Errorf("create dns server: %w", err)
 	}
 	e.dnsServer = dnsServer
 
+	// Populate DNS cache with NetbirdConfig and management URL for early resolution
+	if err := e.PopulateNetbirdConfig(netbirdConfig, mgmtURL); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to populate DNS cache: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	e.routeManager = routemanager.NewManager(routemanager.ManagerConfig{
 		Context:             e.ctx,
 		PublicKey:           e.config.WgPrivateKey.PublicKey().String(),
@@ -666,6 +665,32 @@ func (e *Engine) removePeer(peerKey string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// PopulateNetbirdConfig populates the DNS cache with infrastructure domains from login response
+func (e *Engine) PopulateNetbirdConfig(netbirdConfig *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig, mgmtURL *url.URL) error {
+	if e.dnsServer == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Populate management URL if provided
+	if mgmtURL != nil {
+		if defaultServer, ok := e.dnsServer.(*dns.DefaultServer); ok {
+			if err := defaultServer.PopulateManagementDomain(e.ctx, mgmtURL); err != nil {
+				log.Warnf("failed to populate DNS cache with management URL: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Populate NetbirdConfig domains if provided
+	if netbirdConfig != nil {
+		serverDomains := dnsconfig.ExtractFromNetbirdConfig(netbirdConfig)
+		if err := e.dnsServer.UpdateServerConfig(serverDomains); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("update DNS server config from NetbirdConfig: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (e *Engine) handleSync(update *mgmProto.SyncResponse) error {
 	e.syncMsgMux.Lock()
 	defer e.syncMsgMux.Unlock()
@@ -697,12 +722,9 @@ func (e *Engine) handleSync(update *mgmProto.SyncResponse) error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("handle the flow configuration: %w", err)
 		}
 
-		if e.dnsServer != nil {
+		if err := e.PopulateNetbirdConfig(wCfg, nil); err != nil {
-			serverDomains := config.ExtractFromNetbirdConfig(wCfg)
-			if err := e.dnsServer.UpdateServerConfig(serverDomains); err != nil {
 			log.Warnf("Failed to update DNS server config: %v", err)
 		}
-		}
 
 		// todo update signal
 	}
@@ -1587,7 +1609,7 @@ func (e *Engine) wgInterfaceCreate() (err error) {
 	return err
 }
 
-func (e *Engine) newDnsServer(dnsConfig *nbdns.Config, mgmtURL *url.URL, netbirdConfig *mgmProto.NetbirdConfig) (dns.Server, error) {
+func (e *Engine) newDnsServer(dnsConfig *nbdns.Config) (dns.Server, error) {
 	// due to tests where we are using a mocked version of the DNS server
 	if e.dnsServer != nil {
 		return e.dnsServer, nil
@@ -1612,18 +1634,13 @@ func (e *Engine) newDnsServer(dnsConfig *nbdns.Config, mgmtURL *url.URL, netbird
 		return dnsServer, nil
 
 	default:
-		// Extract domains from NetBird configuration
-		serverDomains := config.ExtractFromNetbirdConfig(netbirdConfig)
 
-		dnsServer, err := dns.NewDefaultServer(dns.DefaultServerConfig{
+		dnsServer, err := dns.NewDefaultServer(e.ctx, dns.DefaultServerConfig{
-			Ctx:            e.ctx,
 			WgInterface:    e.wgInterface,
 			CustomAddress:  e.config.CustomDNSAddress,
 			StatusRecorder: e.statusRecorder,
 			StateManager:   e.stateManager,
 			DisableSys:     e.config.DisableDNS,
-			MgmtURL:        mgmtURL,
-			ServerDomains:  serverDomains,
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -1643,11 +1660,6 @@ func (e *Engine) GetFirewallManager() firewallManager.Manager {
 	return e.firewall
 }
 
-// GetDNSServer returns the DNS server
-func (e *Engine) GetDNSServer() dns.Server {
-	return e.dnsServer
-}
-
 func findIPFromInterfaceName(ifaceName string) (net.IP, error) {
 	iface, err := net.InterfaceByName(ifaceName)
 	if err != nil {

client/internal/engine_test.go

@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ func TestEngine_SSH(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		}, nil
 	}
-	err = engine.Start()
+	err = engine.Start(nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ func TestEngine_Sync(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	err = engine.Start()
+	err = engine.Start(nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 		return
@@ -1060,7 +1060,7 @@ func TestEngine_MultiplePeers(t *testing.T) {
 			defer mu.Unlock()
 			guid := fmt.Sprintf("{%s}", uuid.New().String())
 			device.CustomWindowsGUIDString = strings.ToLower(guid)
-			err = engine.Start()
+			err = engine.Start(nil, nil)
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Errorf("unable to start engine for peer %d with error %v", j, err)
 				wg.Done()

client/internal/login.go

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func IsLoginRequired(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (bool, error) {
 		return false, err
 	}
 
-	_, err = doMgmLogin(ctx, mgmClient, pubSSHKey, config)
+	_, _, err = doMgmLogin(ctx, mgmClient, pubSSHKey, config)
 	if isLoginNeeded(err) {
 		return true, nil
 	}
@@ -68,14 +68,18 @@ func Login(ctx context.Context, config *Config, setupKey string, jwtToken string
 		return err
 	}
 
-	serverKey, err := doMgmLogin(ctx, mgmClient, pubSSHKey, config)
+	serverKey, _, err := doMgmLogin(ctx, mgmClient, pubSSHKey, config)
 	if serverKey != nil && isRegistrationNeeded(err) {
 		log.Debugf("peer registration required")
 		_, err = registerPeer(ctx, *serverKey, mgmClient, setupKey, jwtToken, pubSSHKey, config)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	} else if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	return err
+	return nil
 }
 
 func getMgmClient(ctx context.Context, privateKey string, mgmURL *url.URL) (*mgm.GrpcClient, error) {
@@ -100,11 +104,11 @@ func getMgmClient(ctx context.Context, privateKey string, mgmURL *url.URL) (*mgm
 	return mgmClient, err
 }
 
-func doMgmLogin(ctx context.Context, mgmClient *mgm.GrpcClient, pubSSHKey []byte, config *Config) (*wgtypes.Key, error) {
+func doMgmLogin(ctx context.Context, mgmClient *mgm.GrpcClient, pubSSHKey []byte, config *Config) (*wgtypes.Key, *mgmProto.LoginResponse, error) {
 	serverKey, err := mgmClient.GetServerPublicKey()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("failed while getting Management Service public key: %v", err)
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 
 	sysInfo := system.GetInfo(ctx)
@@ -120,8 +124,8 @@ func doMgmLogin(ctx context.Context, mgmClient *mgm.GrpcClient, pubSSHKey []byte
 		config.BlockInbound,
 		config.LazyConnectionEnabled,
 	)
-	_, err = mgmClient.Login(*serverKey, sysInfo, pubSSHKey, config.DNSLabels)
+	loginResp, err := mgmClient.Login(*serverKey, sysInfo, pubSSHKey, config.DNSLabels)
-	return serverKey, err
+	return serverKey, loginResp, err
 }
 
 // registerPeer checks whether setupKey was provided via cmd line and if not then it prompts user to enter a key.