2023-06-30 11:00:03 +02:00
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# Nixpkgs's Advanced Usage
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2023-06-23 16:19:10 +02:00
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2024-03-16 12:29:05 +01:00
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`callPackage`, `Overriding`, and `Overlays` are the techniques occasionally used when
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using Nix to customize the build method of Nix packages.
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2023-06-23 16:19:10 +02:00
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2024-03-16 12:29:05 +01:00
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We know that many programs have a large number of build parameters that need to be
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configured, and different users may want to use different build parameters. This is where
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`Overriding` and `Overlays` come in handy. Let me give you a few examples I have
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encountered:
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2023-06-23 16:19:10 +02:00
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2024-03-16 12:29:05 +01:00
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1. [`fcitx5-rime.nix`](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/e4246ae1e7f78b7087dce9c9da10d28d3725025f/pkgs/tools/inputmethods/fcitx5/fcitx5-rime.nix):
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By default, `fcitx5-rime` use `rime-data` as the value of `rimeDataPkgs`, but this
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parameter can be customized by `override`.
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2. [`vscode/with-extensions.nix`](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/nixos-23.05/pkgs/applications/editors/vscode/with-extensions.nix):
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This package for VS Code can also be customized by overriding the value of
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`vscodeExtensions`, thus we can install some custom plugins into VS Code.
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- [`nix-vscode-extensions`](https://github.com/nix-community/nix-vscode-extensions):
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This is a vscode plugin manager implemented by overriding `vscodeExtensions`.
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3. [`firefox/common.nix`](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/416ffcd08f1f16211130cd9571f74322e98ecef6/pkgs/applications/networking/browsers/firefox/common.nix):
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Firefox has many customizable parameters too.
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2023-06-23 16:19:10 +02:00
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4. ...
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2024-03-16 12:29:05 +01:00
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In short, `callPackage`, `Overriding` and `Overlays` can be used to customize the build
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parameters of Nix packages.
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