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8
docs/nixpkgs/callpackage.md
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@ -94,13 +94,13 @@ In the previous example without `pkgs.callPackage`, we directly passed `pkgs` as
In essence, `pkgs.callPackage` is used as `pkgs.callPackage fn args`, where the place holder `fn` is a Nix file or function, and `args` is an attribute set. Here's how it works: In essence, `pkgs.callPackage` is used as `pkgs.callPackage fn args`, where the place holder `fn` is a Nix file or function, and `args` is an attribute set. Here's how it works:
1. `pkgs.callPackge fn args` first checks if `fn` is a function or a file. If it's a file, it imports the function defined within. 1. `pkgs.callPackage fn args` first checks if `fn` is a function or a file. If it's a file, it imports the function defined within.
1. After this step, you have a function, typically with parameters like `lib`, `stdenv`, `fetchurl`, and possibly some custom parameters. 1. After this step, you have a function, typically with parameters like `lib`, `stdenv`, `fetchurl`, and possibly some custom parameters.
2. Next, `pkgs.callPackge fn args` merges `args` with the `pkgs` attribute set. If there are conflicts, the parameters in `args` will override those in `pkgs`. 2. Next, `pkgs.callPackage fn args` merges `args` with the `pkgs` attribute set. If there are conflicts, the parameters in `args` will override those in `pkgs`.
3. Then, `pkgs.callPackge fn args` extracts the parameters of the `fn` function from the merged attribute set and uses them to execute the function. 3. Then, `pkgs.callPackage fn args` extracts the parameters of the `fn` function from the merged attribute set and uses them to execute the function.
4. The result of the function execution is a Derivation, which is a Nix package. 4. The result of the function execution is a Derivation, which is a Nix package.
What can a Nix file or function, used as an argument to `pkgs.callPackge`, look like? You can examine examples we've used before in [Nixpkgs's Advanced Usage - Introduction](./intro.md): `hello.nix`, `fcitx5-rime.nix`, `vscode/with-extensions.nix`, and `firefox/common.nix`. All of them can be imported using `pkgs.callPackage`. What can a Nix file or function, used as an argument to `pkgs.callPackage`, look like? You can examine examples we've used before in [Nixpkgs's Advanced Usage - Introduction](./intro.md): `hello.nix`, `fcitx5-rime.nix`, `vscode/with-extensions.nix`, and `firefox/common.nix`. All of them can be imported using `pkgs.callPackage`.
For instance, if you've defined a custom NixOS kernel configuration in `kernel.nix` and made the development branch name and kernel source code configurable: For instance, if you've defined a custom NixOS kernel configuration in `kernel.nix` and made the development branch name and kernel source code configurable:

4
docs/nixpkgs/overriding.md
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@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ In the above example, we override the `rimeDataPkgs` parameter of the `fcitx5-ri
To find out which parameters of a specific package can be overridden, there are a couple of approaches you can follow: To find out which parameters of a specific package can be overridden, there are a couple of approaches you can follow:
1. Check the source code of the package in the Nixpkgs repository on GitHub, such as [`fcitx5-rime.nix`](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/e4246ae1e7f78b7087dce9c9da10d28d3725025f/pkgs/tools/inputmethods/fcitx5/fcitx5-rime.nix). Make sure to select the appropriate branch, such as `nixos-unstable`, if you are using that branch. 1. Check the source code of the package in the Nixpkgs repository on GitHub, such as [`fcitx5-rime.nix`](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/e4246ae1e7f78b7087dce9c9da10d28d3725025f/pkgs/tools/inputmethods/fcitx5/fcitx5-rime.nix). Make sure to select the appropriate branch, such as `nixos-unstable`, if you are using that branch.
2. Use the `nix repl '<nixpkgs>'` command to open a Nix REPL and then enter `:e pkgs.fcitx5-rime`. This opens the source code of the package in your default editor, where you can see all the parameters of the package. To learn the basic usage of `nix repl`, you can type `:?` to see the help information. 2. Use the `nix repl -f '<nixpkgs>'` command to open a Nix REPL and then enter `:e pkgs.fcitx5-rime`. This opens the source code of the package in your default editor, where you can see all the parameters of the package. To learn the basic usage of `nix repl`, you can type `:?` to see the help information.
By using these methods, you can discover the input parameters of a package and determine which ones can be modified using `override`. By using these methods, you can discover the input parameters of a package and determine which ones can be modified using `override`.
@ -62,6 +62,6 @@ helloWithDebug = pkgs.hello.overrideAttrs (finalAttrs: previousAttrs: {
In this case, we override the `separateDebugInfo` attribute, which is defined in `stdenv.mkDerivation`, rather than in the source code of `hello`. In this case, we override the `separateDebugInfo` attribute, which is defined in `stdenv.mkDerivation`, rather than in the source code of `hello`.
To see all the attributes defined in `stdenv.mkDerivation`, you can check its source code by using `nix repl '<nixpkgs>'` and entering `:e stdenv.mkDerivation`. To see all the attributes defined in `stdenv.mkDerivation`, you can check its source code by using `nix repl -f '<nixpkgs>'` and entering `:e stdenv.mkDerivation`.
This will open the source code in your default editor. If you're new to using `nix repl`, you can type `:?` to see the help information. This will open the source code in your default editor. If you're new to using `nix repl`, you can type `:?` to see the help information.

8
docs/zh/nixpkgs/callpackage.md
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@ -96,13 +96,13 @@ nix-repl> import ./hello.nix pkgs
简单的说，它的使用格式是 `pkgs.callPackage fn args`，其中 `fn` 是一个 nix 文件或者函数，`args` 是一个 attribute set，它的工作流程是： 简单的说，它的使用格式是 `pkgs.callPackage fn args`，其中 `fn` 是一个 nix 文件或者函数，`args` 是一个 attribute set，它的工作流程是：
1. `pkgs.callPackge fn args` 会先判断 `fn` 是一个函数还是一个文件，如果是文件就先通过 `import xxx.nix` 导入其中定义的函数。 1. `pkgs.callPackage fn args` 会先判断 `fn` 是一个函数还是一个文件，如果是文件就先通过 `import xxx.nix` 导入其中定义的函数。
1. 第一步执行完毕得到的是一个函数，其参数通常会有 `lib`, `stdenv`, `fetchurl` 等参数，可能还会带有一些自定义参数。 1. 第一步执行完毕得到的是一个函数，其参数通常会有 `lib`, `stdenv`, `fetchurl` 等参数，可能还会带有一些自定义参数。
2. 之后，`pkgs.callPackge fn args` 会将 `args` 与 `pkgs` 这个 attribute set 合并。如果存在冲突，`args` 中的参数会覆盖 `pkgs` 中的参数。 2. 之后，`pkgs.callPackage fn args` 会将 `args` 与 `pkgs` 这个 attribute set 合并。如果存在冲突，`args` 中的参数会覆盖 `pkgs` 中的参数。
3. 再之后，`pkgs.callPackge fn args` 会从上一步得到的 attribute set 中提取出 `fn` 函数的参数，并使用它们来执行 `fn` 函数。 3. 再之后，`pkgs.callPackage fn args` 会从上一步得到的 attribute set 中提取出 `fn` 函数的参数，并使用它们来执行 `fn` 函数。
4. 函数执行结果是一个 Derivation，也就是一个 Nix 包。 4. 函数执行结果是一个 Derivation，也就是一个 Nix 包。
那可以作为 `pkgs.callPackge` 参数的 nix 文件具体长啥样呢，可以去看看我们前面在 [Nixpkgs 高级用法 - 简介](./intro.md) 中举例过的 `hello.nix` `fcitx5-rime.nix` `vscode/with-extensions.nix` `firefox/common.nix`，它们都可以被 `pkgs.callPackage` 导入。 那可以作为 `pkgs.callPackage` 参数的 nix 文件具体长啥样呢，可以去看看我们前面在 [Nixpkgs 高级用法 - 简介](./intro.md) 中举例过的 `hello.nix` `fcitx5-rime.nix` `vscode/with-extensions.nix` `firefox/common.nix`，它们都可以被 `pkgs.callPackage` 导入。
比如说我们自定义了一个 NixOS 内核配置 `kernel.nix`，并且将开发版名称与内核源码作为了可变更参数： 比如说我们自定义了一个 NixOS 内核配置 `kernel.nix`，并且将开发版名称与内核源码作为了可变更参数：

4
docs/zh/nixpkgs/overriding.md
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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ pkgs.fcitx5-rime.override {rimeDataPkgs = [
1. 直接在 GitHub 的 nixpkgs 源码中找：[fcitx5-rime.nix](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/e4246ae1e7f78b7087dce9c9da10d28d3725025f/pkgs/tools/inputmethods/fcitx5/fcitx5-rime.nix) 1. 直接在 GitHub 的 nixpkgs 源码中找：[fcitx5-rime.nix](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/e4246ae1e7f78b7087dce9c9da10d28d3725025f/pkgs/tools/inputmethods/fcitx5/fcitx5-rime.nix)
1. 注意要选择正确的分支，加入你用的是 nixos-unstable 分支，那就要在 nixos-unstable 分支中找。 1. 注意要选择正确的分支，加入你用的是 nixos-unstable 分支，那就要在 nixos-unstable 分支中找。
2. 通过 `nix repl` 交互式查看：`nix repl '<nixpkgs>'`，然后输入 `:e pkgs.fcitx5-rime`，会通过编辑器打开这个包的源码，然后就可以看到这个包的所有参数了。 2. 通过 `nix repl` 交互式查看：`nix repl -f '<nixpkgs>'`，然后输入 `:e pkgs.fcitx5-rime`，会通过编辑器打开这个包的源码，然后就可以看到这个包的所有参数了。
通过上述两种方法，都可以看到 `fcitx5-rime` 这个包拥有如下输入参数，它们都是可以通过 `override` 修改的： 通过上述两种方法，都可以看到 `fcitx5-rime` 这个包拥有如下输入参数，它们都是可以通过 `override` 修改的：
@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ helloWithDebug = pkgs.hello.overrideAttrs (finalAttrs: previousAttrs: {
}); });
``` ```
具体的内部参数可以通过 `nix repl '<nixpkgs>'` 然后输入 `:e stdenv.mkDerivation` 来查看其源码。 具体的内部参数可以通过 `nix repl -f '<nixpkgs>'` 然后输入 `:e stdenv.mkDerivation` 来查看其源码。
## 参考 ## 参考