nushell/crates/nu-parser/src/known_external.rs

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Simplify known external name recovery (#5213) Prior to this change we would recover the names for known externals by looking up the span in the engine state. This would fail when using an alias for two reasons: 1. In cases where we don't have a subcommand, like this: ``` >>> extern bat [filename: string] >>> alias b = bat >>> bat some_file 'b' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file. ``` The problem is that after alias expansion, we replace the span of the expanded name with the original alias (this is done to alleviate non-related issues). The span contents we look up therefore contain `b`, the alias, instead of the expanded command name. 2. In cases where there's a subcommand: ``` >>> alias g = git >>> g push thread 'main' panicked at 'internal error: span missing in file contents cache', crates\nu-protocol\src\engine\engine_state.rs:474:9 note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace ``` In this case, the span in call starts where the expansion for the `g` alias is defined and end after `push` on the last command entered. This is not a proper span and causes a panic when we try to look it up. Note that this is the case for all expanded aliases that involve a subcommand, but we never actually try to retrieve the contents for that span in other cases. Anyway, the new way of looking up the name is arguably cleaner regardless of the issues mentioned above. But it's nice that it fixes them too. Co-authored-by: Hristo Filaretov <h.filaretov@protonmail.com>
2022-04-17 05:07:38 +02:00
use nu_protocol::engine::{EngineState, Stack};
use nu_protocol::{
ast::{Argument, Call, Expr, Expression},
engine::Command,
ShellError, Signature,
};
IO and redirection overhaul (#11934) # Description The PR overhauls how IO redirection is handled, allowing more explicit and fine-grain control over `stdout` and `stderr` output as well as more efficient IO and piping. To summarize the changes in this PR: - Added a new `IoStream` type to indicate the intended destination for a pipeline element's `stdout` and `stderr`. - The `stdout` and `stderr` `IoStream`s are stored in the `Stack` and to avoid adding 6 additional arguments to every eval function and `Command::run`. The `stdout` and `stderr` streams can be temporarily overwritten through functions on `Stack` and these functions will return a guard that restores the original `stdout` and `stderr` when dropped. - In the AST, redirections are now directly part of a `PipelineElement` as a `Option<Redirection>` field instead of having multiple different `PipelineElement` enum variants for each kind of redirection. This required changes to the parser, mainly in `lite_parser.rs`. - `Command`s can also set a `IoStream` override/redirection which will apply to the previous command in the pipeline. This is used, for example, in `ignore` to allow the previous external command to have its stdout redirected to `Stdio::null()` at spawn time. In contrast, the current implementation has to create an os pipe and manually consume the output on nushell's side. File and pipe redirections (`o>`, `e>`, `e>|`, etc.) have precedence over overrides from commands. This PR improves piping and IO speed, partially addressing #10763. Using the `throughput` command from that issue, this PR gives the following speedup on my setup for the commands below: | Command | Before (MB/s) | After (MB/s) | Bash (MB/s) | | --------------------------- | -------------:| ------------:| -----------:| | `throughput o> /dev/null` | 1169 | 52938 | 54305 | | `throughput \| ignore` | 840 | 55438 | N/A | | `throughput \| null` | Error | 53617 | N/A | | `throughput \| rg 'x'` | 1165 | 3049 | 3736 | | `(throughput) \| rg 'x'` | 810 | 3085 | 3815 | (Numbers above are the median samples for throughput) This PR also paves the way to refactor our `ExternalStream` handling in the various commands. For example, this PR already fixes the following code: ```nushell ^sh -c 'echo -n "hello "; sleep 0; echo "world"' | find "hello world" ``` This returns an empty list on 0.90.1 and returns a highlighted "hello world" on this PR. Since the `stdout` and `stderr` `IoStream`s are available to commands when they are run, then this unlocks the potential for more convenient behavior. E.g., the `find` command can disable its ansi highlighting if it detects that the output `IoStream` is not the terminal. Knowing the output streams will also allow background job output to be redirected more easily and efficiently. # User-Facing Changes - External commands returned from closures will be collected (in most cases): ```nushell 1..2 | each {|_| nu -c "print a" } ``` This gives `["a", "a"]` on this PR, whereas this used to print "a\na\n" and then return an empty list. ```nushell 1..2 | each {|_| nu -c "print -e a" } ``` This gives `["", ""]` and prints "a\na\n" to stderr, whereas this used to return an empty list and print "a\na\n" to stderr. - Trailing new lines are always trimmed for external commands when piping into internal commands or collecting it as a value. (Failure to decode the output as utf-8 will keep the trailing newline for the last binary value.) In the current nushell version, the following three code snippets differ only in parenthesis placement, but they all also have different outputs: 1. `1..2 | each { ^echo a }` ``` a a ╭────────────╮ │ empty list │ ╰────────────╯ ``` 2. `1..2 | each { (^echo a) }` ``` ╭───┬───╮ │ 0 │ a │ │ 1 │ a │ ╰───┴───╯ ``` 3. `1..2 | (each { ^echo a })` ``` ╭───┬───╮ │ 0 │ a │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ a │ │ │ │ ╰───┴───╯ ``` But in this PR, the above snippets will all have the same output: ``` ╭───┬───╮ │ 0 │ a │ │ 1 │ a │ ╰───┴───╯ ``` - All existing flags on `run-external` are now deprecated. - File redirections now apply to all commands inside a code block: ```nushell (nu -c "print -e a"; nu -c "print -e b") e> test.out ``` This gives "a\nb\n" in `test.out` and prints nothing. The same result would happen when printing to stdout and using a `o>` file redirection. - External command output will (almost) never be ignored, and ignoring output must be explicit now: ```nushell (^echo a; ^echo b) ``` This prints "a\nb\n", whereas this used to print only "b\n". This only applies to external commands; values and internal commands not in return position will not print anything (e.g., `(echo a; echo b)` still only prints "b"). - `complete` now always captures stderr (`do` is not necessary). # After Submitting The language guide and other documentation will need to be updated.
2024-03-14 21:51:55 +01:00
use nu_protocol::{PipelineData, Type};
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct KnownExternal {
pub name: String,
pub signature: Box<Signature>,
pub usage: String,
pub extra_usage: String,
}
impl Command for KnownExternal {
fn name(&self) -> &str {
&self.name
}
fn signature(&self) -> Signature {
*self.signature.clone()
}
fn usage(&self) -> &str {
&self.usage
}
fn is_known_external(&self) -> bool {
true
}
fn is_builtin(&self) -> bool {
false
}
fn run(
&self,
engine_state: &EngineState,
stack: &mut Stack,
call: &Call,
input: PipelineData,
) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
let head_span = call.head;
let decl_id = engine_state
Overlays (#5375) * WIP: Start laying overlays * Rename Overlay->Module; Start adding overlay * Revamp adding overlay * Add overlay add tests; Disable debug print * Fix overlay add; Add overlay remove * Add overlay remove tests * Add missing overlay remove file * Add overlay list command * (WIP?) Enable overlays for env vars * Move OverlayFrames to ScopeFrames * (WIP) Move everything to overlays only ScopeFrame contains nothing but overlays now * Fix predecls * Fix wrong overlay id translation and aliases * Fix broken env lookup logic * Remove TODOs * Add overlay add + remove for environment * Add a few overlay tests; Fix overlay add name * Some cleanup; Fix overlay add/remove names * Clippy * Fmt * Remove walls of comments * List overlays from stack; Add debugging flag Currently, the engine state ordering is somehow broken. * Fix (?) overlay list test * Fix tests on Windows * Fix activated overlay ordering * Check for active overlays equality in overlay list This removes the -p flag: Either both parser and engine will have the same overlays, or the command will fail. * Add merging on overlay remove * Change help message and comment * Add some remove-merge/discard tests * (WIP) Track removed overlays properly * Clippy; Fmt * Fix getting last overlay; Fix predecls in overlays * Remove merging; Fix re-add overwriting stuff Also some error message tweaks. * Fix overlay error in the engine * Update variable_completions.rs * Adds flags and optional arguments to view-source (#5446) * added flags and optional arguments to view-source * removed redundant code * removed redundant code * fmt * fix bug in shell_integration (#5450) * fix bug in shell_integration * add some comments * enable cd to work with directory abbreviations (#5452) * enable cd to work with abbreviations * add abbreviation example * fix tests * make it configurable * make cd recornize symblic link (#5454) * implement seq char command to generate single character sequence (#5453) * add tmp code * add seq char command * Add split number flag in `split row` (#5434) Signed-off-by: Yuheng Su <gipsyh.icu@gmail.com> * Add two more overlay tests * Add ModuleId to OverlayFrame * Fix env conversion accidentally activating overlay It activated overlay from permanent state prematurely which would cause `overlay add` to misbehave. * Remove unused parameter; Add overlay list test * Remove added traces * Add overlay commands examples * Modify TODO * Fix $nu.scope iteration * Disallow removing default overlay * Refactor some parser errors * Remove last overlay if no argument * Diversify overlay examples * Make it possible to update overlay's module In case the origin module updates, the overlay add loads the new module, makes it overlay's origin and applies the changes. Before, it was impossible to update the overlay if the module changed. Co-authored-by: JT <547158+jntrnr@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: pwygab <88221256+merelymyself@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Darren Schroeder <343840+fdncred@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: WindSoilder <WindSoilder@outlook.com> Co-authored-by: Yuheng Su <gipsyh.icu@gmail.com>
2022-05-07 21:39:22 +02:00
.find_decl("run-external".as_bytes(), &[])
2023-03-06 18:33:09 +01:00
.ok_or(ShellError::ExternalNotSupported { span: head_span })?;
let command = engine_state.get_decl(decl_id);
let mut extern_call = Call::new(head_span);
let extern_name = if let Some(name_bytes) = engine_state.find_decl_name(call.decl_id, &[]) {
String::from_utf8_lossy(name_bytes)
} else {
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return Err(ShellError::NushellFailedSpanned {
msg: "known external name not found".to_string(),
label: "could not find name for this command".to_string(),
span: call.head,
});
};
let extern_name: Vec<_> = extern_name.split(' ').collect();
let arg_extern_name = Expression {
expr: Expr::String(extern_name[0].to_string()),
span: call.head,
ty: Type::String,
custom_completion: None,
};
extern_call.add_positional(arg_extern_name);
for subcommand in extern_name.into_iter().skip(1) {
extern_call.add_positional(Expression {
expr: Expr::String(subcommand.to_string()),
span: call.head,
ty: Type::String,
custom_completion: None,
});
}
for arg in &call.arguments {
match arg {
Argument::Positional(positional) => extern_call.add_positional(positional.clone()),
Argument::Named(named) => {
if let Some(short) = &named.1 {
extern_call.add_positional(Expression {
expr: Expr::String(format!("-{}", short.item)),
span: named.0.span,
ty: Type::String,
custom_completion: None,
});
} else {
extern_call.add_positional(Expression {
expr: Expr::String(format!("--{}", named.0.item)),
span: named.0.span,
ty: Type::String,
custom_completion: None,
});
}
if let Some(arg) = &named.2 {
extern_call.add_positional(arg.clone());
}
}
Argument::Unknown(unknown) => extern_call.add_unknown(unknown.clone()),
Allow spreading arguments to commands (#11289) <!-- if this PR closes one or more issues, you can automatically link the PR with them by using one of the [*linking keywords*](https://docs.github.com/en/issues/tracking-your-work-with-issues/linking-a-pull-request-to-an-issue#linking-a-pull-request-to-an-issue-using-a-keyword), e.g. - this PR should close #xxxx - fixes #xxxx you can also mention related issues, PRs or discussions! --> Finishes implementing https://github.com/nushell/nushell/issues/10598, which asks for a spread operator in lists, in records, and when calling commands. # Description <!-- Thank you for improving Nushell. Please, check our [contributing guide](../CONTRIBUTING.md) and talk to the core team before making major changes. Description of your pull request goes here. **Provide examples and/or screenshots** if your changes affect the user experience. --> This PR will allow spreading arguments to commands (both internal and external). It will also deprecate spreading arguments automatically when passing to external commands. # User-Facing Changes <!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This helps us keep track of breaking changes. --> - Users will be able to use `...` to spread arguments to custom/builtin commands that have rest parameters or allow unknown arguments, or to any external command - If a custom command doesn't have a rest parameter and it doesn't allow unknown arguments either, the spread operator will not be allowed - Passing lists to external commands without `...` will work for now but will cause a deprecation warning saying that it'll stop working in 0.91 (is 2 versions enough time?) Here's a function to help with demonstrating some behavior: ```nushell > def foo [ a, b, c?, d?, ...rest ] { [$a $b $c $d $rest] | to nuon } ``` You can pass a list of arguments to fill in the `rest` parameter using `...`: ```nushell > foo 1 2 3 4 ...[5 6] [1, 2, 3, 4, [5, 6]] ``` If you don't use `...`, the list `[5 6]` will be treated as a single argument: ```nushell > foo 1 2 3 4 [5 6] # Note the double [[]] [1, 2, 3, 4, [[5, 6]]] ``` You can omit optional parameters before the spread arguments: ```nushell > foo 1 2 3 ...[4 5] # d is omitted here [1, 2, 3, null, [4, 5]] ``` If you have multiple lists, you can spread them all: ```nushell > foo 1 2 3 ...[4 5] 6 7 ...[8] ...[] [1, 2, 3, null, [4, 5, 6, 7, 8]] ``` Here's the kind of error you get when you try to spread arguments to a command with no rest parameter: ![image](https://github.com/nushell/nushell/assets/45539777/93faceae-00eb-4e59-ac3f-17f98436e6e4) And this is the warning you get when you pass a list to an external now (without `...`): ![image](https://github.com/nushell/nushell/assets/45539777/d368f590-201e-49fb-8b20-68476ced415e) # Tests + Formatting <!-- Don't forget to add tests that cover your changes. Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands: - `cargo fmt --all -- --check` to check standard code formatting (`cargo fmt --all` applies these changes) - `cargo clippy --workspace -- -D warnings -D clippy::unwrap_used` to check that you're using the standard code style - `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass (on Windows make sure to [enable developer mode](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/get-started/developer-mode-features-and-debugging)) - `cargo run -- -c "use std testing; testing run-tests --path crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library > **Note** > from `nushell` you can also use the `toolkit` as follows > ```bash > use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it automatically > toolkit check pr > ``` --> Added tests to cover the following cases: - Spreading arguments to a command that doesn't have a rest parameter (unexpected spread argument error) - Spreading arguments to a command that doesn't have a rest parameter *but* there's also a missing positional argument (missing positional error) - Spreading arguments to a command that doesn't have a rest parameter but does allow unknown arguments, such as `exec` (allowed) - Spreading a list literal containing arguments of the wrong type (parse error) - Spreading a non-list value, both to internal and external commands - Having named arguments in the middle of rest arguments - `explain`ing a command call that spreads its arguments # After Submitting <!-- If your PR had any user-facing changes, update [the documentation](https://github.com/nushell/nushell.github.io) after the PR is merged, if necessary. This will help us keep the docs up to date. --> # Examples Suppose you have multiple tables: ```nushell let people = [[id name age]; [0 alice 100] [1 bob 200] [2 eve 300]] let evil_twins = [[id name age]; [0 ecila 100] [-1 bob 200] [-2 eve 300]] ``` Maybe you often find yourself needing to merge multiple tables and want a utility to do that. You could write a function like this: ```nushell def merge_all [ ...tables ] { $tables | reduce { |it, acc| $acc | merge $it } } ``` Then you can use it like this: ```nushell > merge_all ...([$people $evil_twins] | each { |$it| $it | select name age }) ╭───┬───────┬─────╮ │ # │ name │ age │ ├───┼───────┼─────┤ │ 0 │ ecila │ 100 │ │ 1 │ bob │ 200 │ │ 2 │ eve │ 300 │ ╰───┴───────┴─────╯ ``` Except they had duplicate columns, so now you first want to suffix every column with a number to tell you which table the column came from. You can make a command for that: ```nushell def select_and_merge [ --cols: list<string>, ...tables ] { let renamed_tables = $tables | enumerate | each { |it| $it.item | select $cols | rename ...($cols | each { |col| $col + ($it.index | into string) }) }; merge_all ...$renamed_tables } ``` And call it like this: ```nushell > select_and_merge --cols [name age] $people $evil_twins ╭───┬───────┬──────┬───────┬──────╮ │ # │ name0 │ age0 │ name1 │ age1 │ ├───┼───────┼──────┼───────┼──────┤ │ 0 │ alice │ 100 │ ecila │ 100 │ │ 1 │ bob │ 200 │ bob │ 200 │ │ 2 │ eve │ 300 │ eve │ 300 │ ╰───┴───────┴──────┴───────┴──────╯ ``` --- Suppose someone's made a command to search for APT packages: ```nushell # The main command def search-pkgs [ --install # Whether to install any packages it finds log_level: int # Pretend it's a good idea to make this a required positional parameter exclude?: list<string> # Packages to exclude repositories?: list<string> # Which repositories to look in (searches in all if not given) ...pkgs # Package names to search for ] { { install: $install, log_level: $log_level, exclude: ($exclude | to nuon), repositories: ($repositories | to nuon), pkgs: ($pkgs | to nuon) } } ``` It has a lot of parameters to configure it, so you might make your own helper commands to wrap around it for specific cases. Here's one example: ```nushell # Only look for packages locally def search-pkgs-local [ --install # Whether to install any packages it finds log_level: int exclude?: list<string> # Packages to exclude ...pkgs # Package names to search for ] { # All required and optional positional parameters are given search-pkgs --install=$install $log_level [] ["<local URI or something>"] ...$pkgs } ``` And you can run it like this: ```nushell > search-pkgs-local --install=false 5 ...["python2.7" "vim"] ╭──────────────┬──────────────────────────────╮ │ install │ false │ │ log_level │ 5 │ │ exclude │ [] │ │ repositories │ ["<local URI or something>"] │ │ pkgs │ ["python2.7", vim] │ ╰──────────────┴──────────────────────────────╯ ``` One thing I realized when writing this was that if we decide to not allow passing optional arguments using the spread operator, then you can (mis?)use the spread operator to skip optional parameters. Here, I didn't want to give `exclude` explicitly, so I used a spread operator to pass the packages to install. Without it, I would've needed to do `search-pkgs-local --install=false 5 [] "python2.7" "vim"` (explicitly pass `[]` (or `null`, in the general case) to `exclude`). There are probably more idiomatic ways to do this, but I just thought it was something interesting. If you're a virologist of the [xkcd](https://xkcd.com/350/) kind, another helper command you might make is this: ```nushell # Install any packages it finds def live-dangerously [ ...pkgs ] { # One optional argument was given (exclude), while another was not (repositories) search-pkgs 0 [] ...$pkgs --install # Flags can go after spread arguments } ``` Running it: ```nushell > live-dangerously "git" "*vi*" # *vi* because I don't feel like typing out vim and neovim ╭──────────────┬─────────────╮ │ install │ true │ │ log_level │ 0 │ │ exclude │ [] │ │ repositories │ null │ │ pkgs │ [git, *vi*] │ ╰──────────────┴─────────────╯ ``` Here's an example that uses the spread operator more than once within the same command call: ```nushell let extras = [ chrome firefox python java git ] def search-pkgs-curated [ ...pkgs ] { (search-pkgs 1 [emacs] ["example.com", "foo.com"] vim # A must for everyone! ...($pkgs | filter { |p| not ($p | str contains "*") }) # Remove packages with globs python # Good tool to have ...$extras --install=false python3) # I forget, did I already put Python in extras? } ``` Running it: ```nushell > search-pkgs-curated "git" "*vi*" ╭──────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮ │ install │ false │ │ log_level │ 1 │ │ exclude │ [emacs] │ │ repositories │ [example.com, foo.com] │ │ pkgs │ [vim, git, python, chrome, firefox, python, java, git, "python3"] │ ╰──────────────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯ ```
2023-12-28 08:43:20 +01:00
Argument::Spread(args) => extern_call.add_spread(args.clone()),
}
}
command.run(engine_state, stack, &extern_call, input)
}
}