Error on non-zero exit statuses (#13515)

# Description
This PR makes it so that non-zero exit codes and termination by signal
are treated as a normal `ShellError`. Currently, these are silent
errors. That is, if an external command fails, then it's code block is
aborted, but the parent block can sometimes continue execution. E.g.,
see #8569 and this example:
```nushell
[1 2] | each { ^false }
```

Before this would give:
```
╭───┬──╮
│ 0 │  │
│ 1 │  │
╰───┴──╯
```

Now, this shows an error:
```
Error: nu:🐚:eval_block_with_input

  × Eval block failed with pipeline input
   ╭─[entry #1:1:2]
 1 │ [1 2] | each { ^false }
   ·  ┬
   ·  ╰── source value
   ╰────

Error: nu:🐚:non_zero_exit_code

  × External command had a non-zero exit code
   ╭─[entry #1:1:17]
 1 │ [1 2] | each { ^false }
   ·                 ──┬──
   ·                   ╰── exited with code 1
   ╰────
```

This PR fixes #12874, fixes #5960, fixes #10856, and fixes #5347. This
PR also partially addresses #10633 and #10624 (only the last command of
a pipeline is currently checked). It looks like #8569 is already fixed,
but this PR will make sure it is definitely fixed (fixes #8569).

# User-Facing Changes
- Non-zero exit codes and termination by signal now cause an error to be
thrown.
- The error record value passed to a `catch` block may now have an
`exit_code` column containing the integer exit code if the error was due
to an external command.
- Adds new config values, `display_errors.exit_code` and
`display_errors.termination_signal`, which determine whether an error
message should be printed in the respective error cases. For
non-interactive sessions, these are set to `true`, and for interactive
sessions `display_errors.exit_code` is false (via the default config).

# Tests
Added a few tests.

# After Submitting
- Update docs and book.
- Future work:
- Error if other external commands besides the last in a pipeline exit
with a non-zero exit code. Then, deprecate `do -c` since this will be
the default behavior everywhere.
- Add a better mechanism for exit codes and deprecate
`$env.LAST_EXIT_CODE` (it's buggy).

tests/shell/pipeline/commands/external.rs

@@ -182,13 +182,6 @@ fn basic_outerr_pipe_works(#[case] redirection: &str) {
     assert_eq!(actual.out, "7");
 }
 
-#[test]
-fn err_pipe_with_failed_external_works() {
-    let actual =
-        nu!(r#"with-env { FOO: "bar" } { nu --testbin echo_env_stderr_fail FOO e>| str length }"#);
-    assert_eq!(actual.out, "3");
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn dont_run_glob_if_pass_variable_to_external() {
     Playground::setup("dont_run_glob", |dirs, sandbox| {
@@ -626,3 +619,24 @@ mod external_command_arguments {
         assert_eq!(actual.out, r#"expression=-r\" -w"#);
     }
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn exit_code_stops_execution_closure() {
+    let actual = nu!("[1 2] | each {|x| nu -c $'exit ($x)'; print $x }");
+    assert!(actual.out.is_empty());
+    assert!(actual.err.contains("exited with code 1"));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn exit_code_stops_execution_custom_command() {
+    let actual = nu!("def cmd [] { nu -c 'exit 42'; 'ok1' }; cmd; print 'ok2'");
+    assert!(actual.out.is_empty());
+    assert!(actual.err.contains("exited with code 42"));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn exit_code_stops_execution_for_loop() {
+    let actual = nu!("for x in [0 1] { nu -c 'exit 42'; print $x }");
+    assert!(actual.out.is_empty());
+    assert!(actual.err.contains("exited with code 42"));
+}