Setup global cargo lint configuration (#13691)

# Description
`cargo` somewhat recently gained the capability to store `lints`
settings for the crate and workspace, that can override the defaults
from `rustc` and `clippy` lints. This means we can enforce some lints
without having to actively pass them to clippy via `cargo clippy -- -W
...`. So users just forking the repo have an easier time to follow
similar requirements like our CI.

## Limitation

An exception that remains is that those lints apply to both the primary
code base and the tests. Thus we can't include e.g. `unwrap_used`
without generating noise in the tests. Here the setup in the CI remains
the most helpful.

## Included lints

- Add `clippy::unchecked_duration_subtraction` (added by #12549)
# User-Facing Changes
Running `cargo clippy --workspace` should be closer to the CI. This has
benefits for editor configured runs of clippy and saves you from having
to use `toolkit` to be close to CI in more cases.

crates/nu-std/Cargo.toml

@@ -13,4 +13,7 @@ nu-protocol = { version = "0.97.2", path = "../nu-protocol" }
 nu-engine = { version = "0.97.2", path = "../nu-engine" }
 miette = { workspace = true, features = ["fancy-no-backtrace"] }
 
-log = "0.4"
+log = "0.4"
+
+[lints]
+workspace = true