Make string related commands parse-time evaluatable (#13032)

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Related meta-issue: #10239.

# Description
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This PR will modify some `str`-related commands so that they can be
evaluated at parse time.

See the following list for those implemented by this pr.

# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->

Available now:
- `str` subcommands
  - `trim`
  - `contains`
  - `distance`
  - `ends-with`
  - `expand`
  - `index-of`
  - `join`
  - `replace`
  - `reverse`
  - `starts-with`
  - `stats`
  - `substring`
  - `capitalize`
  - `downcase`
  - `upcase`
- `split` subcommands
  - `chars`
  - `column`
  - `list`
  - `row`
  - `words`
- `format` subcommands
  - `date`
  - `duration`
  - `filesize`
- string related commands
  - `parse`
  - `detect columns`
  - `encode` & `decode`

# Tests + Formatting
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- `cargo run -- -c "use toolkit.nu; toolkit test stdlib"` to run the
tests for the standard library

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Unresolved questions:
- [ ] Is there any routine of testing const expressions? I haven't found
any yet.
- [ ] Is const expressions required to behave just like there non-const
version, like what rust promises?

# After Submitting
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Unresolved questions:
- [ ] Do const commands need special marks in the docs?

crates/nu-command/src/strings/format/date.rs

@@ -38,36 +38,6 @@ impl Command for FormatDate {
         vec!["fmt", "strftime"]
     }
 
-    fn run(
-        &self,
-        engine_state: &EngineState,
-        stack: &mut Stack,
-        call: &Call,
-        input: PipelineData,
-    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
-        let head = call.head;
-        if call.has_flag(engine_state, stack, "list")? {
-            return Ok(PipelineData::Value(
-                generate_strftime_list(head, false),
-                None,
-            ));
-        }
-
-        let format = call.opt::<Spanned<String>>(engine_state, stack, 0)?;
-
-        // This doesn't match explicit nulls
-        if matches!(input, PipelineData::Empty) {
-            return Err(ShellError::PipelineEmpty { dst_span: head });
-        }
-        input.map(
-            move |value| match &format {
-                Some(format) => format_helper(value, format.item.as_str(), format.span, head),
-                None => format_helper_rfc2822(value, head),
-            },
-            engine_state.ctrlc.clone(),
-        )
-    }
-
     fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
         vec![
             Example {
@@ -104,6 +74,61 @@ impl Command for FormatDate {
             },
         ]
     }
+
+    fn is_const(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
+    fn run(
+        &self,
+        engine_state: &EngineState,
+        stack: &mut Stack,
+        call: &Call,
+        input: PipelineData,
+    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
+        let list = call.has_flag(engine_state, stack, "list")?;
+        let format = call.opt::<Spanned<String>>(engine_state, stack, 0)?;
+        run(engine_state, call, input, list, format)
+    }
+
+    fn run_const(
+        &self,
+        working_set: &StateWorkingSet,
+        call: &Call,
+        input: PipelineData,
+    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
+        let list = call.has_flag_const(working_set, "list")?;
+        let format = call.opt_const::<Spanned<String>>(working_set, 0)?;
+        run(working_set.permanent(), call, input, list, format)
+    }
+}
+
+fn run(
+    engine_state: &EngineState,
+    call: &Call,
+    input: PipelineData,
+    list: bool,
+    format: Option<Spanned<String>>,
+) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
+    let head = call.head;
+    if list {
+        return Ok(PipelineData::Value(
+            generate_strftime_list(head, false),
+            None,
+        ));
+    }
+
+    // This doesn't match explicit nulls
+    if matches!(input, PipelineData::Empty) {
+        return Err(ShellError::PipelineEmpty { dst_span: head });
+    }
+    input.map(
+        move |value| match &format {
+            Some(format) => format_helper(value, format.item.as_str(), format.span, head),
+            None => format_helper_rfc2822(value, head),
+        },
+        engine_state.ctrlc.clone(),
+    )
 }
 
 fn format_from<Tz: TimeZone>(date_time: DateTime<Tz>, formatter: &str, span: Span) -> Value

crates/nu-command/src/strings/format/duration.rs

@@ -53,6 +53,10 @@ impl Command for FormatDuration {
         vec!["convert", "display", "pattern", "human readable"]
     }
 
+    fn is_const(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
     fn run(
         &self,
         engine_state: &EngineState,
@@ -81,6 +85,33 @@ impl Command for FormatDuration {
         )
     }
 
+    fn run_const(
+        &self,
+        working_set: &StateWorkingSet,
+        call: &Call,
+        input: PipelineData,
+    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
+        let format_value = call
+            .req_const::<Value>(working_set, 0)?
+            .coerce_into_string()?
+            .to_ascii_lowercase();
+        let cell_paths: Vec<CellPath> = call.rest_const(working_set, 1)?;
+        let cell_paths = (!cell_paths.is_empty()).then_some(cell_paths);
+        let float_precision = working_set.permanent().config.float_precision as usize;
+        let arg = Arguments {
+            format_value,
+            float_precision,
+            cell_paths,
+        };
+        operate(
+            format_value_impl,
+            arg,
+            input,
+            call.head,
+            working_set.permanent().ctrlc.clone(),
+        )
+    }
+
     fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
         vec![
             Example {

crates/nu-command/src/strings/format/filesize.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use nu_cmd_base::input_handler::{operate, CmdArgument};
 use nu_engine::command_prelude::*;
-use nu_protocol::format_filesize;
+use nu_protocol::{engine::StateWorkingSet, format_filesize};
 
 struct Arguments {
     format_value: String,
@@ -50,6 +50,10 @@ impl Command for FormatFilesize {
         vec!["convert", "display", "pattern", "human readable"]
     }
 
+    fn is_const(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
     fn run(
         &self,
         engine_state: &EngineState,
@@ -76,6 +80,31 @@ impl Command for FormatFilesize {
         )
     }
 
+    fn run_const(
+        &self,
+        working_set: &StateWorkingSet,
+        call: &Call,
+        input: PipelineData,
+    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
+        let format_value = call
+            .req_const::<Value>(working_set, 0)?
+            .coerce_into_string()?
+            .to_ascii_lowercase();
+        let cell_paths: Vec<CellPath> = call.rest_const(working_set, 1)?;
+        let cell_paths = (!cell_paths.is_empty()).then_some(cell_paths);
+        let arg = Arguments {
+            format_value,
+            cell_paths,
+        };
+        operate(
+            format_value_impl,
+            arg,
+            input,
+            call.head,
+            working_set.permanent().ctrlc.clone(),
+        )
+    }
+
     fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
         vec![
             Example {