Refactor to support multiple parse errors (#8765)

# Description

This is a pretty heavy refactor of the parser to support multiple parser
errors. It has a few issues we should address before landing:

- [x] In some cases, error quality has gotten worse `1 / "bob"` for
example
- [x] if/else isn't currently parsing correctly
- probably others

# User-Facing Changes

This may have error quality degradation as we adjust to the new error
reporting mechanism.

# Tests + Formatting

Don't forget to add tests that cover your changes.

Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:

- `cargo fmt --all -- --check` to check standard code formatting (`cargo
fmt --all` applies these changes)
- `cargo clippy --workspace -- -D warnings -D clippy::unwrap_used -A
clippy::needless_collect` to check that you're using the standard code
style
- `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass
- `cargo run -- crates/nu-utils/standard_library/tests.nu` to run the
tests for the standard library

> **Note**
> from `nushell` you can also use the `toolkit` as follows
> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
automatically
> toolkit check pr
> ```

# After Submitting

If your PR had any user-facing changes, update [the
documentation](https://github.com/nushell/nushell.github.io) after the
PR is merged, if necessary. This will help us keep the docs up to date.

crates/nu-protocol/src/engine/engine_state.rs

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ use fancy_regex::Regex;
 use lru::LruCache;
 
 use super::{Command, EnvVars, OverlayFrame, ScopeFrame, Stack, Visibility, DEFAULT_OVERLAY_NAME};
-use crate::Value;
 use crate::{
     ast::Block, AliasId, BlockId, Config, DeclId, Example, Module, ModuleId, OverlayId, ShellError,
     Signature, Span, Type, VarId, Variable,
 };
+use crate::{ParseError, Value};
 use core::panic;
 use std::borrow::Borrow;
 use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
@@ -1035,6 +1035,7 @@ pub struct StateWorkingSet<'a> {
     pub currently_parsed_cwd: Option<PathBuf>,
     /// All previously parsed module files. Used to protect against circular imports.
     pub parsed_module_files: Vec<PathBuf>,
+    pub parse_errors: Vec<ParseError>,
 }
 
 /// A temporary placeholder for expression types. It is used to keep track of the input types
@@ -1218,9 +1219,14 @@ impl<'a> StateWorkingSet<'a> {
             type_scope: TypeScope::default(),
             currently_parsed_cwd: permanent_state.currently_parsed_cwd.clone(),
             parsed_module_files: vec![],
+            parse_errors: vec![],
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn error(&mut self, parse_error: ParseError) {
+        self.parse_errors.push(parse_error)
+    }
+
     pub fn num_files(&self) -> usize {
         self.delta.num_files() + self.permanent_state.num_files()
     }