Migrate to a new PWD API (#12603)

This is the first PR towards migrating to a new `$env.PWD` API that
returns potentially un-canonicalized paths. Refer to PR #12515 for
motivations.

## New API: `EngineState::cwd()`

The goal of the new API is to cover both parse-time and runtime use
case, and avoid unintentional misuse. It takes an `Option<Stack>` as
argument, which if supplied, will search for `$env.PWD` on the stack in
additional to the engine state. I think with this design, there's less
confusion over parse-time and runtime environments. If you have access
to a stack, just supply it; otherwise supply `None`.

## Deprecation of other PWD-related APIs

Other APIs are re-implemented using `EngineState::cwd()` and properly
documented. They're marked deprecated, but their behavior is unchanged.
Unused APIs are deleted, and code that accesses `$env.PWD` directly
without using an API is rewritten.

Deprecated APIs:

* `EngineState::current_work_dir()`
* `StateWorkingSet::get_cwd()`
* `env::current_dir()`
* `env::current_dir_str()`
* `env::current_dir_const()`
* `env::current_dir_str_const()`

Other changes:

* `EngineState::get_cwd()` (deleted)
* `StateWorkingSet::list_env()` (deleted)
* `repl::do_run_cmd()` (rewritten with `env::current_dir_str()`)

## `cd` and `pwd` now use logical paths by default

This pulls the changes from PR #12515. It's currently somewhat broken
because using non-canonicalized paths exposed a bug in our path
normalization logic (Issue #12602). Once that is fixed, this should
work.

## Future plans

This PR needs some tests. Which test helpers should I use, and where
should I put those tests?

I noticed that unquoted paths are expanded within `eval_filepath()` and
`eval_directory()` before they even reach the `cd` command. This means
every paths is expanded twice. Is this intended?

Once this PR lands, the plan is to review all usages of the deprecated
APIs and migrate them to `EngineState::cwd()`. In the meantime, these
usages are annotated with `#[allow(deprecated)]` to avoid breaking CI.

---------

Co-authored-by: Jakub Žádník <kubouch@gmail.com>

crates/nu-command/src/path/exists.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use super::PathSubcommandArguments;
+#[allow(deprecated)]
 use nu_engine::{command_prelude::*, current_dir, current_dir_const};
 use nu_path::expand_path_with;
 use nu_protocol::engine::StateWorkingSet;
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ If you need to distinguish dirs and files, please use `path type`."#
         input: PipelineData,
     ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
         let head = call.head;
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
         let args = Arguments {
             pwd: current_dir(engine_state, stack)?,
             not_follow_symlink: call.has_flag(engine_state, stack, "no-symlink")?,
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ If you need to distinguish dirs and files, please use `path type`."#
         input: PipelineData,
     ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
         let head = call.head;
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
         let args = Arguments {
             pwd: current_dir_const(working_set)?,
             not_follow_symlink: call.has_flag_const(working_set, "no-symlink")?,

crates/nu-command/src/path/expand.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use super::PathSubcommandArguments;
+#[allow(deprecated)]
 use nu_engine::{
     command_prelude::*,
     env::{current_dir_str, current_dir_str_const},
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ impl Command for SubCommand {
         input: PipelineData,
     ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
         let head = call.head;
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
         let args = Arguments {
             strict: call.has_flag(engine_state, stack, "strict")?,
             cwd: current_dir_str(engine_state, stack)?,
@@ -79,6 +81,7 @@ impl Command for SubCommand {
         input: PipelineData,
     ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
         let head = call.head;
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
         let args = Arguments {
             strict: call.has_flag_const(working_set, "strict")?,
             cwd: current_dir_str_const(working_set)?,