Replace raw usize IDs with new types (#13832)

# Description

In this PR I replaced most of the raw usize IDs with
[newtypes](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/generics/new_types.html).
Some other IDs already started using new types and in this PR I did not
want to touch them. To make the implementation less repetitive, I made
use of a generic `Id<T>` with marker structs. If this lands I would try
to move make other IDs also in this pattern.

Also at some places I needed to use `cast`, I'm not sure if the type was
incorrect and therefore casting not needed or if actually different ID
types intermingle sometimes.

# User-Facing Changes

Probably few, if you got a `DeclId` via a function and placed it later
again it will still work.

crates/nu-parser/tests/test_parser.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use nu_parser::*;
 use nu_protocol::{
     ast::{Argument, Expr, Expression, ExternalArgument, PathMember, Range},
     engine::{Call, Command, EngineState, Stack, StateWorkingSet},
-    Category, ParseError, PipelineData, ShellError, Signature, Span, SyntaxShape, Type,
+    Category, DeclId, ParseError, PipelineData, ShellError, Signature, Span, SyntaxShape, Type,
 };
 use rstest::rstest;
 
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ pub fn parse_call() {
     assert!(element.redirection.is_none());
 
     if let Expr::Call(call) = &element.expr.expr {
-        assert_eq!(call.decl_id, 0);
+        assert_eq!(call.decl_id, DeclId::new(0));
     }
 }
 
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ pub fn parse_call_short_flag_batch_arg_allowed() {
     assert!(element.redirection.is_none());
 
     if let Expr::Call(call) = &element.expr.expr {
-        assert_eq!(call.decl_id, 0);
+        assert_eq!(call.decl_id, DeclId::new(0));
         assert_eq!(call.arguments.len(), 2);
         matches!(call.arguments[0], Argument::Named((_, None, None)));
         matches!(call.arguments[1], Argument::Named((_, None, Some(_))));