# Description
When implementing a `Command`, one must also import all the types
present in the function signatures for `Command`. This makes it so that
we often import the same set of types in each command implementation
file. E.g., something like this:
```rust
use nu_protocol::ast::Call;
use nu_protocol::engine::{Command, EngineState, Stack};
use nu_protocol::{
record, Category, Example, IntoInterruptiblePipelineData, IntoPipelineData, PipelineData,
ShellError, Signature, Span, Type, Value,
};
```
This PR adds the `nu_engine::command_prelude` module which contains the
necessary and commonly used types to implement a `Command`:
```rust
// command_prelude.rs
pub use crate::CallExt;
pub use nu_protocol::{
ast::{Call, CellPath},
engine::{Command, EngineState, Stack},
record, Category, Example, IntoInterruptiblePipelineData, IntoPipelineData, IntoSpanned,
PipelineData, Record, ShellError, Signature, Span, Spanned, SyntaxShape, Type, Value,
};
```
This should reduce the boilerplate needed to implement a command and
also gives us a place to track the breadth of the `Command` API. I tried
to be conservative with what went into the prelude modules, since it
might be hard/annoying to remove items from the prelude in the future.
Let me know if something should be included or excluded.
# Description
The PR overhauls how IO redirection is handled, allowing more explicit
and fine-grain control over `stdout` and `stderr` output as well as more
efficient IO and piping.
To summarize the changes in this PR:
- Added a new `IoStream` type to indicate the intended destination for a
pipeline element's `stdout` and `stderr`.
- The `stdout` and `stderr` `IoStream`s are stored in the `Stack` and to
avoid adding 6 additional arguments to every eval function and
`Command::run`. The `stdout` and `stderr` streams can be temporarily
overwritten through functions on `Stack` and these functions will return
a guard that restores the original `stdout` and `stderr` when dropped.
- In the AST, redirections are now directly part of a `PipelineElement`
as a `Option<Redirection>` field instead of having multiple different
`PipelineElement` enum variants for each kind of redirection. This
required changes to the parser, mainly in `lite_parser.rs`.
- `Command`s can also set a `IoStream` override/redirection which will
apply to the previous command in the pipeline. This is used, for
example, in `ignore` to allow the previous external command to have its
stdout redirected to `Stdio::null()` at spawn time. In contrast, the
current implementation has to create an os pipe and manually consume the
output on nushell's side. File and pipe redirections (`o>`, `e>`, `e>|`,
etc.) have precedence over overrides from commands.
This PR improves piping and IO speed, partially addressing #10763. Using
the `throughput` command from that issue, this PR gives the following
speedup on my setup for the commands below:
| Command | Before (MB/s) | After (MB/s) | Bash (MB/s) |
| --------------------------- | -------------:| ------------:|
-----------:|
| `throughput o> /dev/null` | 1169 | 52938 | 54305 |
| `throughput \| ignore` | 840 | 55438 | N/A |
| `throughput \| null` | Error | 53617 | N/A |
| `throughput \| rg 'x'` | 1165 | 3049 | 3736 |
| `(throughput) \| rg 'x'` | 810 | 3085 | 3815 |
(Numbers above are the median samples for throughput)
This PR also paves the way to refactor our `ExternalStream` handling in
the various commands. For example, this PR already fixes the following
code:
```nushell
^sh -c 'echo -n "hello "; sleep 0; echo "world"' | find "hello world"
```
This returns an empty list on 0.90.1 and returns a highlighted "hello
world" on this PR.
Since the `stdout` and `stderr` `IoStream`s are available to commands
when they are run, then this unlocks the potential for more convenient
behavior. E.g., the `find` command can disable its ansi highlighting if
it detects that the output `IoStream` is not the terminal. Knowing the
output streams will also allow background job output to be redirected
more easily and efficiently.
# User-Facing Changes
- External commands returned from closures will be collected (in most
cases):
```nushell
1..2 | each {|_| nu -c "print a" }
```
This gives `["a", "a"]` on this PR, whereas this used to print "a\na\n"
and then return an empty list.
```nushell
1..2 | each {|_| nu -c "print -e a" }
```
This gives `["", ""]` and prints "a\na\n" to stderr, whereas this used
to return an empty list and print "a\na\n" to stderr.
- Trailing new lines are always trimmed for external commands when
piping into internal commands or collecting it as a value. (Failure to
decode the output as utf-8 will keep the trailing newline for the last
binary value.) In the current nushell version, the following three code
snippets differ only in parenthesis placement, but they all also have
different outputs:
1. `1..2 | each { ^echo a }`
```
a
a
╭────────────╮
│ empty list │
╰────────────╯
```
2. `1..2 | each { (^echo a) }`
```
╭───┬───╮
│ 0 │ a │
│ 1 │ a │
╰───┴───╯
```
3. `1..2 | (each { ^echo a })`
```
╭───┬───╮
│ 0 │ a │
│ │ │
│ 1 │ a │
│ │ │
╰───┴───╯
```
But in this PR, the above snippets will all have the same output:
```
╭───┬───╮
│ 0 │ a │
│ 1 │ a │
╰───┴───╯
```
- All existing flags on `run-external` are now deprecated.
- File redirections now apply to all commands inside a code block:
```nushell
(nu -c "print -e a"; nu -c "print -e b") e> test.out
```
This gives "a\nb\n" in `test.out` and prints nothing. The same result
would happen when printing to stdout and using a `o>` file redirection.
- External command output will (almost) never be ignored, and ignoring
output must be explicit now:
```nushell
(^echo a; ^echo b)
```
This prints "a\nb\n", whereas this used to print only "b\n". This only
applies to external commands; values and internal commands not in return
position will not print anything (e.g., `(echo a; echo b)` still only
prints "b").
- `complete` now always captures stderr (`do` is not necessary).
# After Submitting
The language guide and other documentation will need to be updated.
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# Description
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This PR adds a new evaluator path with callbacks to a mutable trait
object implementing a Debugger trait. The trait object can do anything,
e.g., profiling, code coverage, step debugging. Currently,
entering/leaving a block and a pipeline element is marked with
callbacks, but more callbacks can be added as necessary. Not all
callbacks need to be used by all debuggers; unused ones are simply empty
calls. A simple profiler is implemented as a proof of concept.
The debugging support is implementing by making `eval_xxx()` functions
generic depending on whether we're debugging or not. This has zero
computational overhead, but makes the binary slightly larger (see
benchmarks below). `eval_xxx()` variants called from commands (like
`eval_block_with_early_return()` in `each`) are chosen with a dynamic
dispatch for two reasons: to not grow the binary size due to duplicating
the code of many commands, and for the fact that it isn't possible
because it would make Command trait objects object-unsafe.
In the future, I hope it will be possible to allow plugin callbacks such
that users would be able to implement their profiler plugins instead of
having to recompile Nushell.
[DAP](https://microsoft.github.io/debug-adapter-protocol/) would also be
interesting to explore.
Try `help debug profile`.
## Screenshots
Basic output:
To profile with more granularity, increase the profiler depth (you'll
see that repeated `is-windows` calls take a large chunk of total time,
making it a good candidate for optimizing):
## Benchmarks
### Binary size
Binary size increase vs. main: **+40360 bytes**. _(Both built with
`--release --features=extra,dataframe`.)_
### Time
```nushell
# bench_debug.nu
use std bench
let test = {
1..100
| each {
ls | each {|row| $row.name | str length }
}
| flatten
| math avg
}
print 'debug:'
let res2 = bench { debug profile $test } --pretty
print $res2
```
```nushell
# bench_nodebug.nu
use std bench
let test = {
1..100
| each {
ls | each {|row| $row.name | str length }
}
| flatten
| math avg
}
print 'no debug:'
let res1 = bench { do $test } --pretty
print $res1
```
`cargo run --release -- bench_debug.nu` is consistently 1--2 ms slower
than `cargo run --release -- bench_nodebug.nu` due to the collection
overhead + gathering the report. This is expected. When gathering more
stuff, the overhead is obviously higher.
`cargo run --release -- bench_nodebug.nu` vs. `nu bench_nodebug.nu` I
didn't measure any difference. Both benchmarks report times between 97
and 103 ms randomly, without one being consistently higher than the
other. This suggests that at least in this particular case, when not
running any debugger, there is no runtime overhead.
## API changes
This PR adds a generic parameter to all `eval_xxx` functions that forces
you to specify whether you use the debugger. You can resolve it in two
ways:
* Use a provided helper that will figure it out for you. If you wanted
to use `eval_block(&engine_state, ...)`, call `let eval_block =
get_eval_block(&engine_state); eval_block(&engine_state, ...)`
* If you know you're in an evaluation path that doesn't need debugger
support, call `eval_block::<WithoutDebug>(&engine_state, ...)` (this is
the case of hooks, for example).
I tried to add more explanation in the docstring of `debugger_trait.rs`.
## TODO
- [x] Better profiler output to reduce spam of iterative commands like
`each`
- [x] Resolve `TODO: DEBUG` comments
- [x] Resolve unwraps
- [x] Add doc comments
- [x] Add usage and extra usage for `debug profile`, explaining all
columns
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
Hopefully none.
# Tests + Formatting
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Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:
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crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library
> **Note**
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automatically
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> ```
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# After Submitting
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# Description
This PR renames the conversion functions on `Value` to be more consistent.
It follows the Rust [API guidelines](https://rust-lang.github.io/api-guidelines/naming.html#ad-hoc-conversions-follow-as_-to_-into_-conventions-c-conv) for ad-hoc conversions.
The conversion functions on `Value` now come in a few forms:
- `coerce_{type}` takes a `&Value` and attempts to convert the value to
`type` (e.g., `i64` are converted to `f64`). This is the old behavior of
some of the `as_{type}` functions -- these functions have simply been
renamed to better reflect what they do.
- The new `as_{type}` functions take a `&Value` and returns an `Ok`
result only if the value is of `type` (no conversion is attempted). The
returned value will be borrowed if `type` is non-`Copy`, otherwise an
owned value is returned.
- `into_{type}` exists for non-`Copy` types, but otherwise does not
attempt conversion just like `as_type`. It takes an owned `Value` and
always returns an owned result.
- `coerce_into_{type}` has the same relationship with `coerce_{type}` as
`into_{type}` does with `as_{type}`.
- `to_{kind}_string`: conversion to different string formats (debug,
abbreviated, etc.). Only two of the old string conversion functions were
removed, the rest have been renamed only.
- `to_{type}`: other conversion functions. Currently, only `to_path`
exists. (And `to_string` through `Display`.)
This table summaries the above:
| Form | Cost | Input Ownership | Output Ownership | Converts `Value`
case/`type` |
| ---------------------------- | ----- | --------------- |
---------------- | -------- |
| `as_{type}` | Cheap | Borrowed | Borrowed/Owned | No |
| `into_{type}` | Cheap | Owned | Owned | No |
| `coerce_{type}` | Cheap | Borrowed | Borrowed/Owned | Yes |
| `coerce_into_{type}` | Cheap | Owned | Owned | Yes |
| `to_{kind}_string` | Expensive | Borrowed | Owned | Yes |
| `to_{type}` | Expensive | Borrowed | Owned | Yes |
# User-Facing Changes
Breaking API change for `Value` in `nu-protocol` which is exposed as
part of the plugin API.
# Description
Replace `.to_string()` used in `GenericError` with `.into()` as
`.into()` seems more popular
Replace `Vec::new()` used in `GenericError` with `vec![]` as `vec![]`
seems more popular
(There are so, so many)
# Description
This is easy to do with rust-analyzer, but I didn't want to just pump
these all out without feedback.
Part of #10700
# User-Facing Changes
None
# Tests + Formatting
- 🟢 `toolkit fmt`
- 🟢 `toolkit clippy`
- 🟢 `toolkit test`
- 🟢 `toolkit test stdlib`
# After Submitting
N/A
---------
Co-authored-by: Stefan Holderbach <sholderbach@users.noreply.github.com>
# Description
Use `record!` macro instead of defining two separate `vec!` for `cols`
and `vals` when appropriate.
This visually aligns the key with the value.
Further more you don't have to deal with the construction of `Record {
cols, vals }` so we can hide the implementation details in the future.
## State
Not covering all possible commands yet, also some tests/examples are
better expressed by creating cols and vals separately.
# User/Developer-Facing Changes
The examples and tests should read more natural. No relevant functional
change
# Bycatch
Where I noticed it I replaced usage of `Value` constructors with
`Span::test_data()` or `Span::unknown()` to the `Value::test_...`
constructors. This should make things more readable and also simplify
changes to the `Span` system in the future.
Re-fixes #3674, if that is seen as desirable to do.
# Description
This PR changes the implementation of the `--features=extra` string
casing commands from Inflector to `heck`, as in PR #4081. This PR landed
a long time ago, but somewhere along the way (i can't find it) the
implementation ended up being switched back to Inflector.
# User-Facing Changes
Inflector and `heck` implement casing differently, so all of the
commands have different behavior around edge cases (consecutive
capitals, interspersed numbers and letters, etc)
### Before
```nu
G:/Dev/nu-itself/nushell> [UserID ABCdefGHI foo123bar] | str camel-case
╭───┬───────────╮
│ 0 │ userID │
│ 1 │ abcdefGHI │
│ 2 │ foo123Bar │
╰───┴───────────╯
G:/Dev/nu-itself/nushell> [UserID ABCdefGHI foo123bar] | str snake-case
╭───┬─────────────╮
│ 0 │ user_id │
│ 1 │ ab_cdef_ghi │
│ 2 │ foo_12_3bar │
╰───┴─────────────╯
```
### After
```nu
G:/Dev/nu-itself/nushell> [UserID ABCdefGHI foo123bar] | str camel-case
╭───┬───────────╮
│ 0 │ userId │
│ 1 │ abCdefGhi │
│ 2 │ foo123bar │
╰───┴───────────╯
G:/Dev/nu-itself/nushell> [UserID ABCdefGHI foo123bar] | str snake-case
╭───┬─────────────╮
│ 0 │ user_id │
│ 1 │ ab_cdef_ghi │
│ 2 │ foo123bar │
╰───┴─────────────╯
```
# Tests + Formatting
The existing string casing tests pass... because none of them relied on
any of these edge cases
# Description
As part of the refactor to split spans off of Value, this moves to using
helper functions to create values, and using `.span()` instead of
matching span out of Value directly.
Hoping to get a few more helping hands to finish this, as there are a
lot of commands to update :)
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
# Tests + Formatting
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Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:
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mode](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/apps/get-started/developer-mode-features-and-debugging))
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crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library
> **Note**
> from `nushell` you can also use the `toolkit` as follows
> ```bash
> use toolkit.nu # or use an `env_change` hook to activate it
automatically
> toolkit check pr
> ```
-->
# After Submitting
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---------
Co-authored-by: Darren Schroeder <343840+fdncred@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: WindSoilder <windsoilder@outlook.com>
# Description
This doesn't really do much that the user could see, but it helps get us
ready to do the steps of the refactor to split the span off of Value, so
that values can be spanless. This allows us to have top-level values
that can hold both a Value and a Span, without requiring that all values
have them.
We expect to see significant memory reduction by removing so many
unnecessary spans from values. For example, a table of 100,000 rows and
5 columns would have a savings of ~8megs in just spans that are almost
always duplicated.
# User-Facing Changes
Nothing yet
# Tests + Formatting
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- `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass
- `cargo run -- -c "use std testing; testing run-tests --path
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# After Submitting
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# Description
This PR creates a new `Record` type to reduce duplicate code and
possibly bugs as well. (This is an edited version of #9648.)
- `Record` implements `FromIterator` and `IntoIterator` and so can be
iterated over or collected into. For example, this helps with
conversions to and from (hash)maps. (Also, no more
`cols.iter().zip(vals)`!)
- `Record` has a `push(col, val)` function to help insure that the
number of columns is equal to the number of values. I caught a few
potential bugs thanks to this (e.g. in the `ls` command).
- Finally, this PR also adds a `record!` macro that helps simplify
record creation. It is used like so:
```rust
record! {
"key1" => some_value,
"key2" => Value::string("text", span),
"key3" => Value::int(optional_int.unwrap_or(0), span),
"key4" => Value::bool(config.setting, span),
}
```
Since macros hinder formatting, etc., the right hand side values should
be relatively short and sweet like the examples above.
Where possible, prefer `record!` or `.collect()` on an iterator instead
of multiple `Record::push`s, since the first two automatically set the
record capacity and do less work overall.
# User-Facing Changes
Besides the changes in `nu-protocol` the only other breaking changes are
to `nu-table::{ExpandedTable::build_map, JustTable::kv_table}`.
# Description
Those two commands are very complementary to `into duration` and `into
filesize` when you want to coerce a particular string output.
This keeps the old `format` command with its separate formatting syntax
still in `nu-cmd-extra`.
# User-Facing Changes
`format filesize` is back accessible with the default build. The new
`format duration` command is also available to everybody
# Tests + Formatting
I am moving the following str case commands to nu-cmd-extra (as
discussed in the core team meeting the other day)
* camel-case
* kebab-case
* pascal-case
* screaming-snake-case
* snake-case
* title-case
# Description
This PR updates the signature of `format` to allow records to be passed
in.
Closes#9897
### Before
```nushell
{name: Downloads} | format "{name}"
× Command does not support record<name: string> input.
╭─[entry #12:1:1]
1 │ {name: Downloads} | format "{name}"
· ───┬──
· ╰── command doesn't support record<name: string> input
╰────
```
### After
```nushell
{name: Downloads} | format "{name}"
Downloads
```
# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
# Tests + Formatting
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Make sure you've run and fixed any issues with these commands:
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- `cargo test --workspace` to check that all tests pass
- `cargo run -- -c "use std testing; testing run-tests --path
crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library
> **Note**
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# After Submitting
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# Description
Add `format duration` cmd to choose output unit.
This takes the previous `into duration --convert ...` behavior which
returned a string into its own `format duration` command.
This was suprising and not fitting with the general type signature for
the `into ...` commands.
This command for now lives in the `nu-cmd-extra` nursery.
# User-Facing Changes
## Breaking change
Removes formatting behavior from `into duration`
Now use `format duration` instead of `into duration --convert`
## Usage:
```
1sec | format duration us # Output data in microseconds
"2ms" | into duration | format duration sec # go from string to string
```
# Tests + Formatting
Basic example testing (including basic broadcast)
# Description
With the current typechecking logic this property has no effect.
It was only used in the example testing, and provided some indication of
this vectorizing property.
With #9742 all commands that previously declared it have explicit list
signatures. If we want to get it back in the future we can reconstruct
it from the signature.
Simplifies the example testing a bit.
# User-Facing Changes
Causes a breaking change for plugins that previously declared it. While
this causes a compile fail, this was already broken by our more
stringent type checking.
This will be a good reminder for plugin authors to update their
signature as well to reflect the more stringent type checking.
# Description
The same procedure as for #9778 repeated for records.
# User-Facing Changes
Commands that directly supported applying their work directly to record
fields via cell paths, that worked before #9680 will now work again
# Tests + Formatting
Tried to limit the need to add new `.allow_variants_without_examples()`
by adjusting or adding tests to also use some records with access.
# Description
Reallow the commands that take cellpaths as rest parameters to operate
on table input data.
Went through all commands returned by
```
scope commands |
filter { |cmd| $cmd.signatures |
values |
any {|sig| $sig |
any {|$sig| $sig.parameter_type == rest and $sig.syntax_shape ==
cellpath }
}
} | get name
```
Only exception to that was `is-empty` that returns a bool.
# User-Facing Changes
Same table operations as in `0.82` should still be possible
Mitigates effects of #9680
# Description
All commands that declared `.vectorizes_over_list(true)` now also
explicitly declare the list form of their scalar types.
- Explicit in/out list signatures for nu-command
- Explicit in/out list signatures for nu-cmd-extra
- Add comments about cellpath behavior that is still unresolved
# User-Facing Changes
Our type signatures will now be more explicit about which commands
support vectorization over lists.
On the downside this is a bit more verbose and less systematic.
requires
- https://github.com/nushell/nushell/pull/9455
# ⚙️ Description
in this PR i move the commands we've all agreed, in the core team, to
move out of the core Nushell to the `extra` feature.
> **Warning**
> in the first commits here, i've
> - moved the implementations to `nu-cmd-extra`
> - removed the declaration of all the commands below from `nu-command`
> - made sure the commands were not available anymore with `cargo run --
-n`
## the list of commands to move
with the current command table downloaded as `commands.csv`, i've run
```bash
let commands = (
open commands.csv
| where is_plugin == "FALSE" and category != "deprecated"
| select name category "approv. %"
| rename name category approval
| insert treated {|it| (
($it.approval == 100) or # all the core team agreed on them
($it.name | str starts-with "bits") or # see https://github.com/nushell/nushell/pull/9241
($it.name | str starts-with "dfr") # see https://github.com/nushell/nushell/pull/9327
)}
)
```
to preprocess them and then
```bash
$commands | where {|it| (not $it.treated) and ($it.approval == 0)}
```
to get all untreated commands with no approval, which gives
```
╭────┬───────────────┬─────────┬─────────────┬──────────╮
│ # │ name │ treated │ category │ approval │
├────┼───────────────┼─────────┼─────────────┼──────────┤
│ 0 │ fmt │ false │ conversions │ 0 │
│ 1 │ each while │ false │ filters │ 0 │
│ 2 │ roll │ false │ filters │ 0 │
│ 3 │ roll down │ false │ filters │ 0 │
│ 4 │ roll left │ false │ filters │ 0 │
│ 5 │ roll right │ false │ filters │ 0 │
│ 6 │ roll up │ false │ filters │ 0 │
│ 7 │ rotate │ false │ filters │ 0 │
│ 8 │ update cells │ false │ filters │ 0 │
│ 9 │ decode hex │ false │ formats │ 0 │
│ 10 │ encode hex │ false │ formats │ 0 │
│ 11 │ from url │ false │ formats │ 0 │
│ 12 │ to html │ false │ formats │ 0 │
│ 13 │ ansi gradient │ false │ platform │ 0 │
│ 14 │ ansi link │ false │ platform │ 0 │
│ 15 │ format │ false │ strings │ 0 │
╰────┴───────────────┴─────────┴─────────────┴──────────╯
```
# 🖌️ User-Facing Changes
```
$nothing
```
# 🧪 Tests + Formatting
- ⚫ `toolkit fmt`
- ⚫ `toolkit clippy`
- ⚫ `toolkit test`
- ⚫ `toolkit test stdlib`
# 📖 After Submitting
```
$nothing
```
# 🔍 For reviewers
```bash
$commands | where {|it| (not $it.treated) and ($it.approval == 0)} | each {|command|
try {
help $command.name | ignore
} catch {|e|
$"($command.name): ($e.msg)"
}
}
```
should give no output in `cargo run --features extra -- -n` and a table
with 16 lines in `cargo run -- -n`
