nushell/crates/nu-command/src/example_test.rs
Hudson Clark fa2e6e5d53
feat: Add unfold command (#10489)
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# Description
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Description of your pull request goes here. **Provide examples and/or
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> [!NOTE]
> This PR description originally used examples where the `generator`
closure returned a list. It has since been updated to use records
instead.

The `unfold` command allows users to dynamically generate streams of
data. The stream is generated by repeatedly invoking a `generator`
closure. The `generator` closure accepts a single argument and returns a
record containing two optional keys: 'out' and 'next'. Each invocation,
the 'out' value, if present, is added to the stream. If a 'next' key is
present, it is used as the next argument to the closure, otherwise
generation stops.

The name "unfold" is borrowed from other functional-programming
languages. Whereas `fold` (or `reduce`) takes a stream of values and
outputs a single value, `unfold` takes a single value and outputs a
stream of values.

### Examples

A common example of using `unfold` is to generate a fibbonacci sequence.
See
[here](6ffdac103c/src/sources.rs (L65))
for an example of this in rust's `itertools`.

```nushell
> unfold [0, 1] {|fib| {out: $fib.0, next: [$fib.1, ($fib.0 + $fib.1)]} } | first 10
───┬────
 0 │  0
 1 │  1
 2 │  1
 3 │  2
 4 │  3
 5 │  5
 6 │  8
 7 │ 13
 8 │ 21
 9 │ 34
───┴────
```

This command is particularly useful when consuming paginated APIs, like
Github's. Previously, nushell users might use a loop and buffer
responses into a list, before returning all responses at once. However,
this behavior is not desirable if the result result is very large. Using
`unfold` avoids buffering and allows subsequent pipeline stages to use
the data concurrently, as it's being fetched.

#### Before
```nushell
mut pages = []
for page in 1.. {
  let resp = http get (
    {
      scheme: https,
      host: "api.github.com",
      path: "/repos/nushell/nushell/issues",
      params: {
	page: $page,
	per_page: $PAGE_SIZE
      }
    } | url join)

  $pages = ($pages | append $resp)

  if ($resp | length) < $PAGE_SIZE {
    break
  }
}
$pages
```

#### After
```nu
unfold 1 {|page|
  let resp = http get (
    {
      scheme: https,
      host: "api.github.com",
      path: "/repos/nushell/nushell/issues",
      params: {
	page: $page,
	per_page: $PAGE_SIZE
      }
    } | url join)

  if ($resp | length) < $PAGE_SIZE {
    {out: $resp}
  } else {
    {out: $resp, next: ($page + 1)}
  }
}
```


# User-Facing Changes
<!-- List of all changes that impact the user experience here. This
helps us keep track of breaking changes. -->
- An `unfold` generator is added to the default context.

# Tests + Formatting
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crates/nu-std"` to run the tests for the standard library

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# After Submitting
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documentation](https://github.com/nushell/nushell.github.io) after the
PR is merged, if necessary. This will help us keep the docs up to date.
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Given the complexity of the `generator` closure's return value, it would
be good to document the semantics of `unfold` and provide some in-depth
examples showcasing what it can accomplish.
2023-09-30 09:08:06 -05:00

116 lines
4.6 KiB
Rust

#[cfg(test)]
use nu_protocol::engine::Command;
#[cfg(test)]
pub fn test_examples(cmd: impl Command + 'static) {
test_examples::test_examples(cmd);
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod test_examples {
use super::super::{
Ansi, Date, Enumerate, Filter, First, Flatten, From, Get, Into, IntoDatetime, IntoString,
Math, MathRound, ParEach, Path, PathParse, Random, Sort, SortBy, Split, SplitColumn,
SplitRow, Str, StrJoin, StrLength, StrReplace, Update, Url, Values, Wrap,
};
use crate::{Each, To};
use nu_cmd_lang::example_support::{
check_all_signature_input_output_types_entries_have_examples,
check_example_evaluates_to_expected_output,
check_example_input_and_output_types_match_command_signature,
};
use nu_cmd_lang::{Break, Echo, If, Let, Mut};
use nu_protocol::{
engine::{Command, EngineState, StateWorkingSet},
Type,
};
use std::collections::HashSet;
pub fn test_examples(cmd: impl Command + 'static) {
let examples = cmd.examples();
let signature = cmd.signature();
let mut engine_state = make_engine_state(cmd.clone_box());
let cwd = std::env::current_dir().expect("Could not get current working directory.");
let mut witnessed_type_transformations = HashSet::<(Type, Type)>::new();
for example in examples {
if example.result.is_none() {
continue;
}
witnessed_type_transformations.extend(
check_example_input_and_output_types_match_command_signature(
&example,
&cwd,
&mut make_engine_state(cmd.clone_box()),
&signature.input_output_types,
signature.operates_on_cell_paths(),
),
);
check_example_evaluates_to_expected_output(&example, cwd.as_path(), &mut engine_state);
}
check_all_signature_input_output_types_entries_have_examples(
signature,
witnessed_type_transformations,
);
}
fn make_engine_state(cmd: Box<dyn Command>) -> Box<EngineState> {
let mut engine_state = Box::new(EngineState::new());
let delta = {
// Base functions that are needed for testing
// Try to keep this working set small to keep tests running as fast as possible
let mut working_set = StateWorkingSet::new(&engine_state);
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Ansi));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Break));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Date));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Each));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Echo));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Enumerate));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Filter));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(First));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Flatten));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(From));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Get));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(If));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Into));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(IntoString));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(IntoDatetime));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Let));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Math));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(MathRound));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Mut));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Path));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(PathParse));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(ParEach));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Random));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Sort));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(SortBy));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Split));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(SplitColumn));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(SplitRow));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Str));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(StrJoin));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(StrLength));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(StrReplace));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(To));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Url));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Update));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Values));
working_set.add_decl(Box::new(Wrap));
// Adding the command that is being tested to the working set
working_set.add_decl(cmd);
working_set.render()
};
engine_state
.merge_delta(delta)
.expect("Error merging delta");
engine_state
}
}