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4602 lines
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{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"bare Energie n erzeugten vorteilhaften Wirtschaftsbedingungen. Derzeit produzieren ","line":17,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":253.07351999999997,"width":"317.93","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasungsanlagen neben Elektro - und Wärmeenergie ein festes Abfallprodukt mit ho -","line":18,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":239.57135999999997,"width":"312.62","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"verbesserungsmittel ge weckt. Auf diese Weise kann eine Vergasungsanlage zur Poly -","line":22,"x":70.93595999999991,"y":185.56271999999996,"width":"313.93","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"generation eingesetzt werden, d. h. für die Erzeugung von mindestens drei Produkten: ","line":23,"x":70.92797999999993,"y":172.06055999999995,"width":"314.65","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"setzt sich diese Arbeit zum Ziel, den aktuellen Stand der Technik der in Südtirol ver -","line":25,"x":70.92797999999993,"y":145.05623999999995,"width":"314.58","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"breiteten kleinen Vergasungsanlagen zu untersuchen und den Fluss der von den Anla -","line":26,"x":70.92797999999993,"y":131.55407999999994,"width":"312.48","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"gen erzeugten Kohle mengen - und qualitätsmäßig zu charakterisieren; zu diesem ","line":27,"x":70.92797999999993,"y":118.05191999999994,"width":"314.63","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Zweck werden die chemisch - physikalischen Parameter der Kohle den von den Vor -","line":2,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":564.35484,"width":"314.52","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"schriften für Bodenverbesserungsmittel vorgesehenen Grenz werten gegenübergestellt ","line":3,"x":68.03201999999999,"y":550.85268,"width":"317.10","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"und die technisch- wirtschaftliche Machbarkeit eines zukünftigen Umbaus bestehender ","line":4,"x":68.03202000000002,"y":537.35052,"width":"316.62","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Holzpellets) kann durch spe zifische Technologien, die thermochemische Pro -","line":8,"x":68.04,"y":440.40290000000005,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"zesse implementieren, in Wärme- und Elektroenergie oder Biobrennstoffe um -","line":9,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":426.42590000000007,"width":"312.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Temperaturen über 700 °C in Anwesenheit eines Oxidationsmitte ls (norma -","line":11,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":398.4089000000001,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"lerweise Luft) in einem niedrigeren als für die komplette Verbrennung nöti -","line":12,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":384.4319000000001,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"(producer gas) bekannt und reich an Kohlenmonoxid und Wasserstoff ist. Das ","line":15,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":342.4379000000001,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"werden, um Methanol oder Wasserstoff zu erzeugen, oder mit dem Fischer -","line":17,"x":68.0490000000001,"y":314.42090000000013,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Tropsch - Verfahren in andere synthetische Flüssigbrennstoffe umgewandelt ","line":18,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":300.44390000000016,"width":"315.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Begriff Biochar werden im Allgemeinen feste Rückstände aus der Pyrolyse ","line":22,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":244.4099000000002,"width":"313.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"350 °C und 1000 °C unter Zufuhr minimaler Sauerstoffmengen erfolgt","line":24,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":216.45590000000018,"width":"312.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"(European Biochar Foundation (EBC), 2020). Durch Pyrolyse gewonnene s","line":25,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":202.4159000000002,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar ist ein sehr poröses Material mit hohem Kohlenstoffgehalt; es ist reich ","line":26,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":188.4389000000002,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"an Mineralien und Aromaverbindungen und kann als Bodenverbesserungs -","line":27,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":174.46190000000018,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"mittel oder als Dekontaminierun gsmittel für die Wasseraufbereitung oder ","line":28,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":160.4219000000002,"width":"318.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasung gewonnene Kohle weist viele Ähnlichkeiten mit Aktivkohle auf ","line":31,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":118.42790000000018,"width":"313.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"und könnte diese hypothetisch in verschiedenen Anwendungsbereichen er -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.1799,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"setzen (Benedetti, Patuzzi und Baratieri, 2018). Durch ihren hohen Kohlen -","line":3,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":550.2029,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbrennung (Galhetas et al., 2012; Piazzi, Zhang, Patuzzi und Baratieri, ","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":522.1859000000001,"width":"314.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Trägersubstanz für die Zubereitung von Katalysator en (Benedetti, Ail, ","line":8,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":480.1919000000001,"width":"321.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Patuzzi und Baratieri, 2019; Benedetti et al., 2020) oder zum Cracken von Teer ","line":9,"x":70.92899999999995,"y":466.2149000000001,"width":"314.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Nzihou, 2012) genutzt werden. In der Literatur werden auch Anwendungen ","line":11,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":438.1979000000001,"width":"315.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"gewonnene Kohle als Biochar eingestuft werden kann, muss der Prozess je-","line":13,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":410.1809000000001,"width":"311.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"doch für die Kohleerzeugung optimiert werden und die Kohle bestimmte qua -","line":14,"x":70.9289999999999,"y":396.20390000000015,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"litative Merkmale aufweisen. Neben einem hohen Kohlenstof fgehalt und ","line":15,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":382.22690000000017,"width":"319.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"einer gut entwickelten Porosität muss die Kohle zum Beispiel einen reduzier -","line":16,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":368.18690000000015,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Gehalt an polyzyklischen aromatischen Wasserstoffen (PAK), polychlo -","line":17,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":354.2099000000002,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"diesem Kapitel werden die Begriffe Kohle und Biochar unterschiedslos ver -","line":19,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":326.1929000000002,"width":"314.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"zwar weil die hier vorgestellte, im Rahmen des Wood - Up - Projekte s durchge -","line":21,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":298.2389000000002,"width":"314.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"führte Arbeit das Hauptziel hat, die Möglichkeit einer landwirt schaftlichen ","line":22,"x":70.93799999999987,"y":284.1989000000002,"width":"316.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"auch ohne spezielle Förderp rogramme wirtschaftlich nachhaltiger machen.","line":26,"x":70.93799999999987,"y":228.22790000000026,"width":"305.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"(Patuzzi et al., 2016) und dort mehr als 1. 300 Tonnen Kohle gewonnen, die als ","line":28,"x":70.93799999999987,"y":200.21090000000027,"width":"316.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"nicht gefährlicher Sonderabfall mit Kosten von circa 150 – 160 €/Ton ne entsorgt ","line":29,"x":70.93799999999987,"y":186.23390000000026,"width":"316.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasungsanlage deutlich reduzieren und diese Technologie dadurch nach -","line":34,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":116.22290000000025,"width":"314.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"Unter diesem Blickwinkel wurde eine Bestandsaufnahme der Südtiroler Holz -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.1799,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"vergasungsanlagen gemacht und eine Untersuchung zum Typus der im Pro -","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":550.2029,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"vinzgebiet installierten Reaktoren und der technischen Eigenschaften der ein -","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":536.1629,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"zelnen Anlagen durchgeführt. Insbesondere wurde eine detaillierte Flussana -","line":5,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":522.1859000000001,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"lyse der verwendeten Holzbiomasse und der in diesen Anlagen gewon nenen ","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"316.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
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|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"dann als Bodenverbesserungsmi ttel verwendet werden, wenn sie die Grenz -","line":10,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":452.1749000000001,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"des Legislativdekrets 75/2010. Es wurde daher versucht, die Vergasungstech -","line":12,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":424.22090000000014,"width":"314.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"nologien unter den analysierten auszumachen, die zur Gewinnung d er zu die -","line":13,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":410.1809000000001,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Materialien und Methoden","line":15,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":352.38,"width":"148.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1 Anlagenkartierung . Technische Eigenschaften der ","line":16,"x":68.04,"y":326.16,"width":"263.64","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"In der Autonomen Provinz Bozen gibt es derzeit 42 funktionierende Biomasse -","line":18,"x":68.04,"y":292.38,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"vergasungsan lagen mit einer installierten elektrischen Gesamtleistung von ","line":19,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":278.403,"width":"318.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"etwas mehr als 52 GWh Elektrizität und circa 101 GWh Wärmeenergie er -","line":21,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":250.38600000000005,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"Art vo n Anlage wird in Biomasseheizwerken, kleinen Industriebetrieben und ","line":26,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":180.43800000000005,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"das Fernheizwerknetz verfügen, das die i m Werk erzeugte Wärme an die Nut -","line":29,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":138.44400000000005,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"zer verteilt, eignen sie sich sehr gut für die Installation von Vergasungsanla -","line":30,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":124.40400000000004,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Vor allem im Sommer, wenn die Nutzer nur zur Trinkwassererhitzung Wär -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.1799,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"meenergie benötigen, können Vergasungsanlagen die geringe, für das Fern -","line":3,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":550.2029,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"auch sehr niedriger Effizienz vermieden werden.","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"197.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"den Jahren 2012 bis 2014 stand in engem Zusammenhang mit dem Förderpro -","line":8,"x":70.929,"y":480.1919000000001,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"vorsah. Anlagen unter 300 kW er halten zum Beispiel einen Preis von 280 € pro ","line":10,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":452.1749000000001,"width":"316.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"MWh erzeugter Elektrizität. Diese Zunahme hätte noch größer ausfallen kön -","line":11,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":438.1979000000001,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"und der Zulassung gebremst, da es sich um eine völlig neue und no ch nicht ","line":13,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":410.1809000000001,"width":"317.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"ganz ausgereifte Technologie handelte. I m darauffolgenden Zeitraum zwi -","line":14,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":396.20390000000015,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"schen 2014 und 2018 haben die Unsicherheit der Gesetzgebung und die Sen -","line":15,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":382.22690000000017,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"onen geführt. Diese Situatio n hat sich von Anfang 2019 bis heute zu einer fast ","line":17,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":354.2099000000002,"width":"316.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Abbildung 1 zeigt die Verteilung der in Südtirol betriebenen Holzvergasungs -","line":20,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":312.2159000000002,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 1 – Verbreitung von Holzvergasungsanlagen in Südtirol in den verschiedenen Jahren","line":22,"x":70.92,"y":105.84,"width":"286.02","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"Um ein genaues Bild der in Südtirol installierten Anlagen zu erhalten und so -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.1799,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"wohl Wirtschafts - als auch Produktions- und Verbrauchsdaten zu erfassen, ","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":550.2029,"width":"310.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"bereiterklärt haben, ein Fragebogen vorgelegt, um möglichst viele Informati -","line":5,"x":68.031,"y":522.1859000000001,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"- den Fluss der verwendeten Holzbiomasse","line":7,"x":68.031,"y":494.16890000000006,"width":"173.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"- den Fluss der erzeugten Rückstände (Kohle)","line":8,"x":68.03099999999998,"y":480.1919000000001,"width":"183.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"Es wurden also Informationen über die Art der verwendeten Biomasse (Hack -","line":9,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":466.2149000000001,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"rials (z. B. Feuchtigkeit), den jährlichen Verbrauch der Anlage und die Kosten ","line":11,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":438.1979000000001,"width":"316.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohle, Asche oder Kondensflüssigkeiten), ihren Bestimmungsz weck, die jähr -","line":14,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":396.20390000000015,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"lich gewonnenen Mengen und die Entsorgungskosten (bzw. den Verkaufs -","line":15,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":382.22690000000017,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"11 in Südtirol angewandten Technologien sind; dadurch erhielt man ein all -","line":18,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":340.2329000000002,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"gemeines Bild von der Situation, das repräsentativ für die regionale Produk -","line":19,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":326.1929000000002,"width":"311.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"2.2 Monitoring der Anlagen und Abschluss der Massen - und ","line":21,"x":68.04,"y":285.96,"width":"294.56","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"Zur Unterstützung und Ergänzung der von den Anlagenbetreibern ausgefüll -","line":23,"x":68.04,"y":252.18,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Frageböge n wurden, wiederum in Abhängigkeit von der Bereitschaft der ","line":24,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":238.203,"width":"317.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"(CTI) vorgesehene Verfahren Anwendung; die Emp fehlung gibt Leitlinien für ","line":27,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":196.209,"width":"316.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"winnen und nutzen. Die Massen- und Energieflüsse wurden beim Monitoring ","line":29,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":168.192,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"des Anlagenbetriebs für mindestens fünf Stunden kontinuierlich, ohne Unter -","line":30,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":154.215,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"brechungen oder Übergangsphasen infolge von Ein - oder Ausschaltung en des ","line":31,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":140.175,"width":"311.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"einheit; zu diesem Zweck w u rd e die Biomasse vor ihrer Einspeisung in den ","line":34,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":98.181,"width":"311.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"Reaktor gewogen oder – wenn die Masse nicht direkt gemessen werden ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.1799,"width":"304.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"k onnte – die Veränderung im Lagervolumen der Rohstoffe während des un -","line":3,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":550.2029,"width":"308.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"u nd der des austretenden Synthesegases wurde ausgehend von Geschwindig -","line":5,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":522.1859000000001,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"keitsmessungen des Ein - oder Abflusses mit einem Pitotrohr und auf Grund -","line":6,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"312.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"des Synthesegases erhoben wird. Der Flu ss der gewonnenen Kohle wurde ","line":8,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":480.1919000000001,"width":"318.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"Rückstände eingesammelt und gewogen hat. Sowohl die eingespeiste Bio -","line":10,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":452.1749000000001,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"masse als auch die gewonnene Kohle wurden in der Folge im Labor unter -","line":11,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":438.1979000000001,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"sucht, um den Ge halt an Feuchtigkeit (UNI EN 14774) und Asche (UNI EN ","line":12,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":424.22090000000014,"width":"317.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"(UNI EN 14918:2010) zu bestimmen. Auch die Zusammenset zung des durch ","line":15,"x":70.92899999999999,"y":382.22690000000017,"width":"317.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"Methan, Kohlenmon oxid und Kohlendioxid des analysierten Gasflusses ge -","line":19,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":326.1929000000002,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"verbundene Eingangsleistung P biom , ausgehend vom Fluss der Biomasse 𝑚𝑚 ̇ 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏","line":22,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":282.42,"width":"314.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"und ihrem unteren Heizwert berechnet 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑉𝑉 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 :","line":23,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":268.44,"width":"197.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"𝑃𝑃 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = 𝑚𝑚 ̇ 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 ∙ 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿 𝑉𝑉 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏","line":24,"x":179.33999999999997,"y":239.64,"width":"87.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath","WASIKV+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"Die von der Anlage erzeugte elektrische Leistung 𝑃𝑃 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 wurde beim Monitoring ","line":25,"x":70.92299999999997,"y":212.46,"width":"314.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"leistung geschätzt, indem der Durchfluss der Wärmeübertragungsflüssigkeit ","line":29,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":158.166,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"mit einem Ultraschall- Durchflussmesser erfasst und die Vor - und Rücklauf -","line":30,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":144.189,"width":"311.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"temperatur des Hydraulikkreislaufs mit einem Thermometer mit Platinwider -","line":31,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":130.212,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Dann wurden die elektrische Effizienz 𝜂𝜂 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 , die t hermische Effizienz 𝜂𝜂 𝑡𝑡 ℎ und ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":562.4399,"width":"312.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"die Gesamteffizien z 𝜂𝜂 𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏 𝑡𝑡 der Anlage berechnet:","line":3,"x":68.03400000000005,"y":548.46,"width":"184.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"𝜂𝜂 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 =","line":4,"x":194.82600000000002,"y":517.4999,"width":"17.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath","WASIKV+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"𝑃𝑃 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 − 𝑃𝑃 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎","line":5,"x":217.683,"y":524.34,"width":"35.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"𝑃𝑃 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏","line":6,"x":226.2,"y":511.4999,"width":"21.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"𝜂𝜂 𝑡𝑡 ℎ =","line":7,"x":202.863,"y":495.48,"width":"18.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath","WASIKV+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"𝑃𝑃 𝑡𝑡 ℎ","line":8,"x":231.297,"y":502.3199,"width":"12.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"𝑃𝑃 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏","line":9,"x":226.74,"y":489.48,"width":"21.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"𝜂𝜂 𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏 𝑡𝑡 = 𝜂𝜂 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 + 𝜂𝜂 𝑡𝑡 ℎ","line":10,"x":195.063,"y":475.56,"width":"49.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath","WASIKV+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"wobei 𝑃𝑃 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 der von den Hilfsgeräten verbrauchten elektrischen Leistung ent -","line":11,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":448.3799,"width":"312.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"2.3 Charakterisierung der Kohle","line":13,"x":68.04,"y":409.86,"width":"155.30","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"lyzyklischen aromatischen Wasserstoffen (PAK, Methode MI - 03 Rev. 13 2016) ","line":16,"x":68.04,"y":362.103,"width":"317.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"zum Ziel, mögliche Zusammenhänge zwischen den physisch- chemischen Ei-","line":18,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":334.086,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"genschaften der eingesammelten Kohle und den wichtigsten Prozessparame -","line":19,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":320.10900000000004,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Art des Reaktors, Nennleistung und Art der verwendeten Biomasse, hervor -","line":21,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":292.09200000000004,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohle vor allem von der Art der verwendeten Biomasse, aber auch in erh ebli -","line":23,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":264.1380000000001,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"chem Maße von der Geometrie und den Betriebsbedingungen des Verga -","line":24,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":250.0980000000001,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"sungsreaktors (Temperatur, Druck, Fluss, Vergasungsmittel) abhängen. Folg -","line":25,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":236.1210000000001,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"2.4 Unter kontr ollierten Bedingungen gewonnene Kohle","line":28,"x":68.04,"y":181.86,"width":"272.47","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Um die möglichen Zusammenhänge zwischen den chemisch- physischen Ei -","line":29,"x":68.04,"y":162.12,"width":"314.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"genschaften der Kohle und den Betriebsbedingungen des Vergasungsprozes -","line":30,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":148.08,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Änder ung dieser Bedingungen auf die Qualität der Kohle auswirken kann, ","line":32,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":120.126,"width":"318.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"masse durchgeführt, bei denen ein in den Bio energy- und Biofuels - Laborato -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":550.2029,"width":"311.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"eine größere Datenmenge für den Vergleich zur Verfügung zu haben, wäh -","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"rend di e eingespeiste Brennstoffmenge unverändert blieb.","line":7,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":494.16890000000006,"width":"236.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden 6 verschiedene Arten von Kohle mit der Bezeichnung R100 , R75, R50, ","line":10,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":452.1749000000001,"width":"316.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"O - R, O - C und Q erzeugt. Die Kohletypen R100, R75 und R50 wurden mit ei -","line":11,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":438.1979000000001,"width":"314.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"nem Open - Top - Downdraft - Reaktor aus Holzhackschnitzeln gewonnen. Die ","line":12,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":424.22090000000014,"width":"318.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohlearten wurden bei unterschi edlichem Ladezustand des Reaktors erzeugt, ","line":14,"x":70.93800000000003,"y":396.20390000000015,"width":"316.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"O - R und O - C wurden mit einem sehr kleinen Downdraft - Reaktor (20 kW) aus ","line":16,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":368.18690000000015,"width":"316.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"2.5 Vergleichende Bewertung in Bezug auf die einschlägigen ","line":23,"x":68.04,"y":221.28,"width":"302.40","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"dere verwenden hingegen einen externen Trockner oder nutzen eine Reaktor -","line":18,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":292.40100000000007,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"und getrocknet wird (in diesem Fall sinken die Kosten der Biomasse auf 65 –","line":20,"x":70.929,"y":264.4470000000001,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"in Südtirol betriebenen Anlagen wurde berechnet, dass den Vergasungsanla -","line":27,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":166.41900000000012,"width":"314.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"gen fast 50.000 Tonnen Holzbiomasse zugeführt werden, wodurch Gesamt -","line":28,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":152.44200000000012,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Die zwei wichtigsten Arten von Rückständen aus dem Vergasungsprozess ","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":544.2,"width":"318.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"werden von spezialisierten Betrieben entsorgt und in einigen Fällen als nic ht ","line":6,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":502.20600000000013,"width":"316.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohle liegt als sehr feiner und flüchtiger schwarz - grauer Staub vor, dessen ","line":8,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":474.18900000000014,"width":"317.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"in dieser Studie betrachteten Technologien sehen eine Befeuchtu ng der Rück-","line":10,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":446.17200000000014,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"stände durch Wasserzusatz im Kohleauslass - Abschnitt vor. Zwar vereinfacht ","line":11,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":432.19500000000016,"width":"316.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"dieser Prozess einerseits die Handhabung der Rückstände, ist aber anderer -","line":12,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":418.2180000000002,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Gewicht des entsorgten Materials berechnet werden, und der Zusatz von Was -","line":14,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":390.2010000000002,"width":"312.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasungsanlage, vor allem weil die Entsorgung der Kohle in der wirtschaft -","line":17,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":348.2070000000002,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"li chen Bilanz der Investition einen nicht unerheblichen Kostenposten darstellt. ","line":18,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":334.23000000000025,"width":"316.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Die durchschnittlichen Entsorgungskosten für die Kohle belaufen sich auf un -","line":19,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":320.1900000000002,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"gefähr 150 – 160 € pro Tonne; sie können jedoch je nach Art der Rückstände ","line":20,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":306.21300000000025,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"stark variieren. Diesbezüglic h werden zwei Sonderfälle der untersuchten Ver -","line":21,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":292.2360000000003,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"gasungsanlagen aufgeführt. Einige Anlagen sehen einen dem Vergaser nach -","line":22,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":278.19600000000025,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohle in Asche zu verwandeln. Mit dieser Vorrichtung können V olumen und ","line":24,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":250.24200000000027,"width":"316.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"entsorgen. Außerdem liefert eine der analysierten Anlagen die Asche aus dem ","line":27,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":208.24800000000027,"width":"314.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Reformer an ei n nahegelegenes Zementwerk und schafft es so, beinahe alle ","line":28,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":194.20800000000028,"width":"317.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Entsorgungskosten wettzumachen. Die von einem anderen Reaktortyp er -","line":29,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":180.23100000000028,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"zeugte Kohle wird hingegen als Bodenverbesserungsmittel für die Landwirt -","line":30,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":166.25400000000027,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"schaft nach Österreich verkauft ; die Kosten werden auf diese Weise in Einnah -","line":31,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":152.21400000000028,"width":"313.07","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"und die entsprechenden Gesamtkosten für die Entsorgung wurden unter Aus -","line":34,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":110.22000000000027,"width":"314.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"weitung der durch die Fragebögen erh obenen Daten auf alle betriebenen An -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.1799,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"erzeugt werden; dem stehen jedes Jahr Entsorgungskosten in Höhe von ins -","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":536.1629,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"gesamt 180.000– 192.000 € gegenüber.","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":522.1859000000001,"width":"150.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"Was das Kondensat anbelangt, handelt es sich um marginale Rückstände, die ","line":6,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"von den meisten der analysierten Technologien nur beim Hoch - und Herun -","line":7,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":494.16890000000006,"width":"311.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"des Downdraft - Vergasers mit Festbett am stärksten verbreitet. Durch das aus ","line":15,"x":70.92,"y":364.20300000000003,"width":"316.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"Brennstoff (Biomasse) bestehende Festbett fließt im Gleichstrom das Verga -","line":16,"x":70.92899999999999,"y":350.163,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"hingegen e ine Konfiguration mit zweistufigem Wirbelbettvergaser an, bei ","line":18,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":322.20900000000006,"width":"319.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"Bei zwei anderen Technologien kommt eine Konfiguration des Typs rising co -","line":20,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":294.19200000000006,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"current zum Einsatz; sie ähnelt der Downdraft - Konfigu ration in Bezug auf die ","line":21,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":280.2150000000001,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"werden auch die elektrische und die thermis che Leistung jedes installierten ","line":28,"x":70.93799999999987,"y":182.18700000000007,"width":"317.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"ziehen sich auf Anlagen unterschiedlicher Größe. Es wird darauf hingewie -","line":30,"x":70.9379999999999,"y":154.23300000000006,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"au fgeführt sind, nicht der Reihenfolge entspr icht , in der die verschiedenen ","line":32,"x":70.93799999999987,"y":126.21600000000007,"width":"318.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"Pellets 180 270 ","line":11,"x":236.4,"y":506.9399,"width":"52.49","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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|
||
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|
||
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|
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{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"Spanner Re 2 Downdraft, ","line":32,"x":73.44,"y":386.22,"width":"88.20","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"Hack -","line":47,"x":236.4,"y":353.34,"width":"21.80","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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|
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|
||
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|
||
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"Wubi Downdraft, ","line":62,"x":73.44,"y":276.3,"width":"64.25","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"Xylogas & EAF Downdraft, ","line":71,"x":73.44,"y":243.42,"width":"99.59","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"schnitzel 220 440 ","line":75,"x":236.4,"y":227.22306,"width":"60.88","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"3.4 Massen- und Energiebilanzen ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":563.9399,"width":"163.66","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Abbildung 2 zeigt die zusammengefassten Ergebnisse der Massenbilanzen , ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":544.2,"width":"316.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"die mit den beim Monitoring der Anlagen erhobenen Daten erstellt wurd en ,","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":530.1600000000001,"width":"311.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"in Form eines Box - Plot - Diagramms. Mit dieser Darstellung kann die Vertei -","line":5,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":516.1830000000001,"width":"314.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"lung der Daten in Bezug auf alle Techno logien dargestellt werden, unter Her -","line":6,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":502.20600000000013,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"vorhebung der Wertintervalle, in denen die größte Zahl der Daten kon -","line":7,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":488.1660000000001,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"zentriert ist (zwischen dem ersten und dritten Quartil), sowie Median, Höchst -","line":8,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":474.18900000000014,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"des erzeugten Producer - Gases in Masseneinheiten der verwendeten Bio-","line":11,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":432.19500000000016,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"verwendeten Biomasse. Man sieht, dass d ie verwendete Luftmenge bei allen ","line":13,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":404.17800000000017,"width":"317.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"untersuchten Anlagen ungefähr dem 1,5 - bis 2- fachen der eingespeisten Bio-","line":14,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":390.2010000000002,"width":"311.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"masse und die Menge des erzeugten Gases in etwa dem 2,4 - bis 3- fachen der ","line":15,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":376.2240000000002,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Biomasse entspricht. Die Menge der erzeugten Kohle weist eine höhere Vari -","line":16,"x":70.91999999999985,"y":362.1840000000002,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 2 – Ergebnisse der Massenbilanzen, die mit den beim Monitoring der in Südtirol installierten ","line":19,"x":70.92,"y":162,"width":"309.53","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Anlagen erhobenen Daten erstellt wurden: verwendete Luftmenge, erzeugte Menge an Producer -","line":20,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":153.00036,"width":"310.00","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Berechnungen der elektrischen Effizienz 𝜂𝜂 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 , thermischen Effizienz 𝜂𝜂 𝑡𝑡 ℎ und ","line":23,"x":70.92,"y":103.4399,"width":"302.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Air [kg/kg_biom] Producer gas [kg/kg_biom] Char [%]","line":29,"x":127.1516,"y":182.9326,"width":"189.36","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"Gesamteffizienz 𝜂𝜂 𝑡𝑡𝑏𝑏 𝑡𝑡 der überwachten Anlagen zusammen. Generell liegt die ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":562.4399,"width":"313.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"und 78 %, unter Ausnahme einer einzigen Anlage, de ren Gesamteffizienz 53 ","line":5,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":522.1859000000001,"width":"317.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 3 – Ergebnisse der Energiebilanzen, die mit dem beim Monitoring der in Südtirol installierten ","line":7,"x":68.04,"y":336,"width":"311.27","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"3.5 Charakterisierung der Kohle","line":9,"x":68.04,"y":301.92,"width":"155.30","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"In den folgenden Tabellen werden die chemisch - physikalischen Analysen der ","line":10,"x":68.04,"y":282.18,"width":"316.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"Wie aus Tabelle 3 hervorgeht, variiert der Kohlenstoffgehalt in der Kohle zwi -","line":13,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":240.18600000000004,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"schen mindestens 48,03 % (Technologie C) und maximal 91,51 % (Technologie ","line":14,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":226.20900000000003,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"Gesamtertrag des Prozesses beeinflussen. Die Tech nologie F insbesondere im -","line":17,"x":68.03100000000003,"y":184.21500000000003,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"Downdraft - Reaktor. Es ist auch interessant hervorzuheben, dass die Techno -","line":19,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":156.19800000000004,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"m 2 /g) als die anderen erzeugt.","line":21,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":128.16,"width":"121.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"η_ el η_ th η_ tot","line":28,"x":121.47994,"y":353.8224200000001,"width":"48.90","height":"7.98","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 3 – Proximal - und Elementaranalyse, oberer Heizwert (HHV) und unterer Heizwert (LHV) ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":568.02,"width":"304.39","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Technologie A B C D E F G H","line":4,"x":76.32,"y":539.16,"width":"100.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Asche [%] 27,84 16,08 49,52 31,50 13,34 6,49 29,17 25,64","line":5,"x":76.32,"y":521.64,"width":"182.80","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"C [%] 68,63 80,23 48,03 66,96 78,97 91,59 69,46 69,49","line":6,"x":76.32,"y":506.9999,"width":"170.58","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"H [%] 0,33 0,49 0,89 0,18 0,68 0,52 0,11 0,20","line":7,"x":76.32,"y":492.3,"width":"136.41","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"N [%] 0,83 0,23 0,25 0,16 0,20 0,25 0,12 0,46 ","line":8,"x":76.32,"y":477.66,"width":"152.37","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"S [%] n.v. 0,28 n.v. 0,63 0,31 0,56 0,27 0,33 ","line":9,"x":76.32,"y":463.02,"width":"144.23","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"O* [%] 2,37 2,69 1,31 0,57 6,50 0,60 0,87 3,88 ","line":10,"x":76.32,"y":448.3799,"width":"155.28","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"HHV [MJ/kg] 23,11 26,74 14,52 19,69 25,53 30,92 22,87 24,17","line":11,"x":76.32,"y":432.9,"width":"197.63","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"LHV [MJ/kg] 23,04 26,64 14,33 19,65 25,38 30,81 22,84 24,12","line":12,"x":76.32,"y":419.1,"width":"195.88","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"n.v. 1,04 n.v. 81,73 2,58 1,59 0,23 2,02 ","line":15,"x":144.96,"y":398.9999,"width":"127.60","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Spezif. Ober -","line":16,"x":76.32,"y":379.74,"width":"47.44","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"fläche [m 2 /g]","line":17,"x":76.32,"y":367.2599,"width":"46.17","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"352 128 78 281 587 272 320 306 ","line":18,"x":145.62,"y":373.5,"width":"108.32","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 4 enthält die Daten des Mineral - und Schwermetallgehalts der in den ","line":19,"x":70.92,"y":332.99989999999997,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"nicht unerheblicher Chrom - und Zinkgehalt der Kohle zu verbuchen. Diese ","line":21,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":304.9829,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Metalle können von den Metallteilen des Automatisierungssystems (z. B. För -","line":22,"x":70.92,"y":291.0059,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Hinblick auf eine Nutz ung der Kohle als Bodenverbesserungsmittel müssen ","line":25,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":249.0119,"width":"317.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"um den Gehalt dieser Metalle zu reduzieren, damit die Kohle den vorgeschrie -","line":27,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":220.9949,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"benen Normen entspricht, wie im folgenden Abschnitt erläuter t.","line":28,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":207.0179,"width":"262.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"sofern er nicht sogar unterha lb der Messschwelle des Geräts liegt (<0,1 ng/kg).","line":32,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":151.0469,"width":"314.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 4 – Analyse des Mineral- und Schwermetallgehalts der in den kommerziellen Anlagen ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":568.02,"width":"294.35","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Technologie A B C D E F G H","line":4,"x":69.42,"y":538.4999,"width":"100.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Li [mg/kg] 9,9 8,7 6,9 9,1 9,6 8,0 6,8 10,4","line":5,"x":69.42,"y":521.64,"width":"123.25","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Na [mg/kg] 268,4 1724,9 235,7 495,1 341,8 238,0 450,1 576,8","line":6,"x":69.42,"y":506.9999,"width":"196.39","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Mg [mg/kg] 5522,6 4802,7 11467,5 4931,4 3680,8 1562,4 9330,9 4268,6","line":7,"x":69.42,"y":492.3,"width":"228.34","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Al [mg/kg] 803,2 299,6 988,5 7081,8 488,4 141,9 680,3 165,9","line":8,"x":69.42,"y":477.66,"width":"194.22","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"K [mg/kg] 18570,4 14810,4 18974,8 14106,5 12273,9 6429,8 31825,2 15711,6","line":9,"x":69.42,"y":463.02,"width":"248.96","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Ca [mg/kg] 4670,3 14528,7 3400,4 11431,8 14790,1 10792,5 4621,6 16714,4","line":10,"x":69.42,"y":448.3799,"width":"248.60","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Ti [mg/kg] 36,4 40,7 47,7 38,9 46,1 13,0 35,7 23,0","line":11,"x":69.42,"y":433.74,"width":"154.26","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"V [mg/kg] 1,0 0,6 1,3 0,9 3,2 0,3 1,0 0,5","line":12,"x":69.42,"y":419.1,"width":"119.58","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Cr [mg/kg] 6,6 5,3 14,3 3,9 383,3 2,7 16,7 28,7","line":13,"x":69.42,"y":404.4,"width":"143.37","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Mn [mg/kg] 3036,3 5154,0 7056,8 839,1 903,9 557,3 2905,9 3408,0 ","line":14,"x":69.42,"y":389.7599,"width":"222.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Fe [mg/kg] 615,9 511,9 2509,3 589,3 2162,1 138,2 759,7 351,0","line":15,"x":69.42,"y":375.12,"width":"200.04","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Co [mg/kg] 0,9 3,0 3,1 0,5 4,3 1,3 8,1 1,8","line":16,"x":69.42,"y":360.4799,"width":"123.96","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Ni [mg/kg] 6,6 12,8 16,5 5,3 274,2 4,2 40,6 61,9","line":17,"x":69.42,"y":345.84,"width":"147.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Cu [mg/kg] 34,4 54,9 73,3 26,5 24,8 8,0 46,9 34,6","line":18,"x":69.42,"y":331.2,"width":"153.31","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Zn [mg/kg] 478,1 449,7 1316,9 182,6 263,1 84,0 397,4 346,6","line":19,"x":69.42,"y":316.5,"width":"191.58","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"As [mg/kg] 1,1 0,3 0,7 0,5 0,7 0,2 0,6 0,2","line":20,"x":69.42,"y":301.86,"width":"123.48","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Se [mg/kg] 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,1","line":21,"x":69.42,"y":287.22,"width":"121.98","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Rb [mg/kg] 41,8 71,1 43,3 35,1 21,3 15,3 73,9 43,1","line":22,"x":69.42,"y":272.58,"width":"156.78","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Sr [mg/kg] 50,5 48,8 57,8 38,8 65,2 60,8 26,1 55,8","line":23,"x":69.42,"y":257.94,"width":"154.38","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Mo [mg/kg] 0,9 1,5 2,1 0,7 7,3 0,4 2,6 1,5","line":24,"x":69.42,"y":243.3,"width":"125.88","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Cd [mg/kg] 1,5 5,9 0,1 1,7 1,8 0,5 0,4 0,1","line":25,"x":69.42,"y":228.6,"width":"124.44","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Sn [mg/kg] 1,1 1,1 0,7 0,8 1,2 0,8 0,8 0,9","line":26,"x":69.42,"y":213.96,"width":"122.76","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Sb [mg/kg] 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,0 0,3 0,1","line":27,"x":69.42,"y":199.32,"width":"122.58","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Ba [mg/kg] 26,4 42,4 15,5 57,2 41,1 69,8 29,4 34,5","line":28,"x":69.42,"y":184.68,"width":"155.88","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Tl [mg/kg] 0,3 0,8 0,0 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,0","line":29,"x":69.42,"y":170.04,"width":"121.20","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Pb [mg/kg] 0,4 1,6 0,2 0,4 0,4 0,7 0,4 0,3","line":30,"x":69.42,"y":155.4,"width":"123.18","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 5 – Analyse des Dioxingehalts der von den kommerziellen Anlagen erzeugten Kohle ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":568.02,"width":"291.47","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Technologie A B C D E F G H","line":3,"x":72.3,"y":547.4999,"width":"100.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"2378 TCDD [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":5,"x":92.04,"y":530.64,"width":"184.34","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"12378 PCDD [ ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":6,"x":92.04,"y":515.9999,"width":"188.25","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"123478 HxCDD [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":7,"x":92.04,"y":501.3,"width":"198.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"123678 HxCDD [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":8,"x":92.04,"y":486.66,"width":"198.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"123789 HxCDD [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":9,"x":92.04,"y":472.02,"width":"198.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"1234678 HpCDD [ ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 0,1 0,3 <0,1 <0,1","line":10,"x":92.04,"y":457.3799,"width":"194.85","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"OCDD [ng/kg] 2,7 1,5 1,2 0,6 2,1 2,2 0,7 2,2","line":11,"x":92.04,"y":442.74,"width":"134.07","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"2378 TCDF [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 0,1 <0,1 <0,1 0,1","line":12,"x":92.04,"y":428.1,"width":"174.33","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"12378 PCDF [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":13,"x":92.04,"y":413.4,"width":"182.49","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"23478 PCDF [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":14,"x":92.04,"y":398.7599,"width":"186.62","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"123478 HxCDF [ng/kg] 0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 0,2 <0,1 <0,1","line":15,"x":92.04,"y":384.12,"width":"188.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"123678 HxCDF [ng/kg] 0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":16,"x":92.04,"y":369.4799,"width":"192.55","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"234678 HxCDF [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":17,"x":92.04,"y":354.84,"width":"196.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"123789 HxCDF [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":18,"x":92.04,"y":340.2,"width":"196.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"1234678 HpCDF [ng/kg] 0,3 0,1 <0,1 0,1 <0,1 0,2 <0,1 0,3","line":19,"x":92.04,"y":325.5,"width":"180.82","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"1234789 HpCDF [ng/kg] <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1 <0,1","line":20,"x":92.04,"y":310.86,"width":"201.48","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"OCDF [ng/kg] <0,1 0,6 <0,1 0,4 2,4 0,6 <0,1 <0,1","line":21,"x":92.04,"y":296.22,"width":"148.86","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Auch der Gehalt an Polychlorbiphenyl (PCB) erweist sich bei der untersuch -","line":22,"x":70.92,"y":267.12,"width":"312.07","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"In Tabelle 7 sind die Konzentrationen der polyzyklischen aromatischen Koh -","line":28,"x":70.91999999999994,"y":183.132,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"dieser Verbindungen nicht unerheblich und bei der Kohle einiger Anlagen ","line":30,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":155.178,"width":"316.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbindungen in der Kohle kann diese nicht direkt in der Landwirtschaft ver -","line":32,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":127.161,"width":"314.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"wendet werden. Technologische Verbesserung en zur Beschränkung der Bil -","line":33,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":113.184,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"PAK - Gehalt der untersuchten Kohle und den Grenzwerten der einschlägigen ","line":4,"x":68.04,"y":536.1629,"width":"316.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 6 – Analyse des PAK- Gehalts der von den kommerziellen Anlagen erzeugten Kohle ","line":6,"x":68.04,"y":500.04,"width":"289.69","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Technologie A B C D E F G H","line":7,"x":73.44,"y":479.52,"width":"100.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac77 [ng/kg] 10 <1 4 9 7 6 5 8","line":9,"x":97.08,"y":462.6,"width":"95.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac81 [ng/kg] <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1","line":10,"x":97.08,"y":447.96,"width":"121.44","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac123 [ng/kg] 7 <1 10 10 8 4 1 7","line":11,"x":97.08,"y":433.3199,"width":"104.21","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac118 [ng/kg] 347 391 252 410 292 282 518 248 ","line":12,"x":97.08,"y":418.68,"width":"173.74","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac114 [ng/kg] 1 2 <1 4 <1 <1 <1 2","line":13,"x":97.08,"y":404.04,"width":"108.50","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac105 [ng/kg] 59 6 39 95 45 59 53 52","line":14,"x":97.08,"y":389.4,"width":"121.38","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac126 [ng/kg] <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1","line":15,"x":97.08,"y":374.7,"width":"125.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac167 [ng/kg] 50 54 49 59 43 49 65 49","line":16,"x":97.08,"y":360.06,"width":"125.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac156 [ng/kg] 173 224 118 142 81 133 230 120 ","line":17,"x":97.08,"y":345.42,"width":"167.73","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac157 [ng/kg] 15 11 12 15 10 13 17 13","line":18,"x":97.08,"y":330.78,"width":"125.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac169 [ng/kg] <1 <1 1 2 <1 <1 <1 <1","line":19,"x":97.08,"y":316.14,"width":"117.09","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Iupac189 [ng/kg] 19 1 13 18 14 15 11 18","line":20,"x":97.08,"y":301.5,"width":"121.38","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"3.6 Konformität der von den kommerziellen Anlagen erzeug-","line":21,"x":68.04,"y":274.14,"width":"295.97","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Die einschlägigen italienischen Düngemittelvorschriften beruhen auf der Ver -","line":23,"x":68.04,"y":240.42,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"ordnung (EG) 2003/2003 und dem Legislativdekret 75/2010 in aktue ller Fas -","line":24,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":226.38,"width":"312.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"sung. In diesem Dekret werden auch Grenzwerte für die Kohlenutzung in der ","line":25,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":212.403,"width":"315.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"als ein Material, das erzeugt wird durch „einen Prozess der Karbonisierung ","line":27,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":184.386,"width":"317.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"von Produkten und Rück ständen pflanzlichen Ursprungs aus der Land - und ","line":28,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":170.409,"width":"314.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"und - schalen und unbehandelten Holzabfällen, insofern es sich um Nebenpro-","line":30,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":142.392,"width":"314.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"dukte der entsprechenden Tätigkeiten handelt. Der Karbonis ierungsprozess ","line":31,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":128.415,"width":"316.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"besteht im Verlust von Wasserstoff, Sauerstoff und Stickstoff seitens des orga -","line":32,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":114.43799999999999,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"oder reduzierter Verfügbarkeit des Oxidierungsmittels, normalerweise Sauer -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.1799,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"stoff. Dieser therm ochemische Zersetzungsprozess wird als Pyrolyse oder ","line":3,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":550.2029,"width":"318.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Krackverfahren bezeichnet. Die Vergasung sieht einen weiteren oxidoreduk -","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":536.1629,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"tiven Prozess der durch Pyrolyse erzeugten Kohle vor.“ Die so erzeugte Kohle ","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":522.1859000000001,"width":"314.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"muss den in Tabelle 8 aufgeführten Normgrenzwerten en tsprechen.","line":6,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"276.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 7 – Analyse des PAK- Gehalts der von kommerziellen Anlagen erzeugten Kohle","line":7,"x":70.92,"y":485.9999,"width":"273.82","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Technologie A B C D E F G H","line":8,"x":46.323,"y":466.2599,"width":"100.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Naphthalin [μg/kg] 2128649 1912973 2386 200368 859491 110338 26861 563819","line":10,"x":58.08,"y":448.62,"width":"275.50","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Acenaphthylen [μg/kg] 514300 171045 138 19495 62838 140 7 62703 ","line":11,"x":58.08,"y":433.98,"width":"236.07","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Acenaphthen [μg/kg] 314055 11197 26 1565 29918 515 270 4536 ","line":12,"x":58.08,"y":419.34,"width":"222.98","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Fluoren [μg/kg] 16341 5287 13 27 86 203 1650 367 ","line":13,"x":58.08,"y":404.7,"width":"168.28","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Phenanthren [μg/kg] 584386 385187 119 78749 190237 9806 1220 118217","line":14,"x":58.08,"y":390,"width":"251.75","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Anthracen [μg/kg] 412102 40452 18 6351 13454 457 1245 25644 ","line":15,"x":58.08,"y":375.36,"width":"218.89","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Fluoranthen [μg/kg] 477586 47703 36 4934 29200 1218 114 46343 ","line":16,"x":58.08,"y":360.72,"width":"227.24","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Pyren [μg/kg] 434026 51745 22 4160 38312 817 60 44436 ","line":17,"x":58.08,"y":346.08,"width":"192.01","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"BaA [μg/kg] 104671 3742 4 226 547 20 21 12673 ","line":18,"x":58.08,"y":331.44,"width":"159.22","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"CHR [μg/kg] 135638 4514 5 236 892 220 26 25125 ","line":19,"x":58.08,"y":316.8,"width":"167.77","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"B(b)F [μg/kg] 32126 630 3 27 119 17 5 5197 ","line":20,"x":58.08,"y":302.1,"width":"140.80","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"B(j)F [μg/kg] 14180 251 2 7 29 12 2 3318 ","line":21,"x":58.08,"y":287.46,"width":"127.91","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"B(k)F [μg/kg] 10309 217 6 14 38 13 1 2170 ","line":22,"x":58.08,"y":272.82,"width":"134.79","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"BeP [μg/kg] 20993 722 3 25 107 73 41 8817 ","line":23,"x":58.08,"y":258.18,"width":"139.35","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"BaP [μg/kg] 14709 458 4 15 51 5 66 4349 ","line":24,"x":58.08,"y":243.54,"width":"129.23","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Per [μg/kg] 3273 100 3 7 24 16 38 866 ","line":25,"x":58.08,"y":228.9,"width":"119.10","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"BghiP [μg/kg] 1632 58 1 1 17 0 1 1658 ","line":26,"x":58.08,"y":214.2,"width":"120.10","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"IcdP [μg/kg] 1921 49 1 2 2 2 1 967 ","line":27,"x":58.08,"y":199.56,"width":"104.46","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"DBahA [μg/kg] 1066 30 1 0 2 2 2 771 ","line":28,"x":58.08,"y":184.92,"width":"114.55","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"DBalP [μg/kg] 290 21 6 3 2 11 25 393","line":29,"x":58.08,"y":170.28,"width":"111.40","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"DBaeP [μg/kg] 492 12 8 2 2 4 28 211 ","line":30,"x":58.08,"y":155.64,"width":"112.60","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"DBaiP [μg/kg] 70 11 13 2 6 6 20 20","line":31,"x":58.08,"y":141,"width":"103.38","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"DBahP [μg/kg] 151 87 27 3 9 19 51 29","line":32,"x":58.08,"y":126.3,"width":"113.96","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 8 – Änderungen der Anlage 2 des Legislativdekrets 75/2010 ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":568.02,"width":"212.79","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"chemisch -","line":21,"x":259.5,"y":520.1968999999999,"width":"41.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohlenstoff (TOC) (#) % TS","line":26,"x":75.96,"y":400.2,"width":"91.50","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"≥ 20 und ≤ 30 (CI (*) 3)","line":27,"x":82.25598000000001,"y":389.4,"width":"73.66","height":"7.98","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"> 30 und ≤ 60 (CI (*) 2)","line":28,"x":82.25124000000002,"y":378.6,"width":"73.67","height":"7.98","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" > 60 (CI (*) 1)","line":29,"x":75.95502,"y":367.8,"width":"46.73","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"Salzgehalt mS/m ≤ 1000 (§)","line":30,"x":75.95555999999999,"y":357.00306,"width":"91.60","height":"7.98","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"pH( H2O ) 4 – 12 ","line":31,"x":75.96162000000001,"y":346.2,"width":"48.45","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"pulverförmige Produkte (°)","line":33,"x":75.95562000000001,"y":324.60612,"width":"94.02","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"> 40 und ≤ 60 (CI (*) 3)","line":35,"x":82.26,"y":303.06,"width":"73.66","height":"7.98","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"≥ 10 und ≤ 40 (CI (*) 2)","line":36,"x":82.25124000000002,"y":292.26,"width":"73.66","height":"7.98","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" < 10 (CI (*) 1)","line":37,"x":75.95502,"y":281.46,"width":"46.73","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"H/C (molar) (^) ≤ 0,7","line":38,"x":75.95555999999999,"y":270.66,"width":"67.01","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"(Durchgang 0,5 – 2 – 5 ","line":40,"x":178.38,"y":400.2,"width":"74.11","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"3.7 Kommerzielles Biochar und andere europäische ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":563.9399,"width":"250.81","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Sowohl die beim Monitoring der aktuell in Südtirol betriebenen Anlagen ent -","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":530.16,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"nommene als auch die unter kontrollierten Bedingungen erzeugte Kohle wur -","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":516.183,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"zwar mit folgenden: IBI, EBC und BQM. K ommerzielle Biochar s wurde n mit ","line":7,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":488.166,"width":"311.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"In Tabelle 11 sind die Eigenschaften de s vom UK Biochar Research Ce nter ","line":9,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":446.172,"width":"313.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Diese s Biochar wurden mit den aktuellen italienischen Vorschriften für Bo -","line":11,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":418.2180000000001,"width":"311.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"dere d ie rot hervorgehobenen W erte belegen, erfüll en auch d ie vom UK Bio -","line":13,"x":70.911,"y":390.2010000000001,"width":"306.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"char Research Center erzeugten und vermarktete n Biochar s nicht völlig die ","line":14,"x":70.911,"y":376.2240000000001,"width":"307.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"den Schwermetallgehalt anbelangt. Man sieht, dass der signifikante ste Wert ","line":16,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":348.2070000000001,"width":"317.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"der Kadmiumgehalt ist, da er die Normgrenzwerte fast in allen Fällen über -","line":17,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":334.23000000000013,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Grenzwerte voll und ganz einh alten. Dieser Aspekt ist besonders interessant, ","line":20,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":292.23600000000016,"width":"316.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"lich erläutert. In Tabelle 11 wurden die folgenden Akronym e zur Kennzeich -","line":23,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":250.24200000000016,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"nung der aus verschiedenen Materialien (Mischantus - Pellets, Raps - Pellets, ","line":24,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":236.20200000000017,"width":"316.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohle verwendet. MSP – Miscantus Straw Pellets; OSR – Oil Seed Rape Straw ","line":27,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":194.20800000000017,"width":"309.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Pellets; RH – Rice Husk; SWP – Soft Wood Pellets; WSP – Wheat Straw Pellets; ","line":28,"x":70.92899999999995,"y":180.23100000000017,"width":"308.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"SS – Sewage Sludge.","line":29,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":166.25400000000016,"width":"80.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"j ährliche Kürzungen werden in Betracht gezogen, sofern von den Bestimmun -","line":14,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":396.20390000000015,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"bel erwiesen, und zwar aus ver schiedenen Gründen:","line":23,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":252.19200000000004,"width":"214.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"- Mangelnde Möglichkeit einer Änderung der Betriebsparameter der Anla -","line":24,"x":68.03100000000003,"y":238.21500000000003,"width":"303.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"gen infolge der Risiken in Verbindung mit einer Profitverringerung auf -","line":25,"x":82.25100000000003,"y":224.17500000000004,"width":"300.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"entstehenden möglichen Schäden u nd Funktionsstörungen der Anlage;","line":27,"x":82.25100000000003,"y":196.22100000000003,"width":"289.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"dauer keine „bedeutenden/wesentlichen“ Änderungen vorgenommen ","line":31,"x":82.25100000000009,"y":140.18700000000004,"width":"306.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"automatisch die mangelnde Möglichkeit der Durchführung relevanter Op -","line":33,"x":82.25100000000009,"y":112.23300000000003,"width":"300.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"Neue ster Stand der Technik der Vergasung von Holzbiomasse in Südtirol","line":0,"x":118.98,"y":608.58,"width":"266.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"timierungseingriffe ergeben, wie z. B. den Reaktor durch einen neuen Ty -","line":2,"x":85.14,"y":564.1799,"width":"297.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"- Mangelnde Bereitschaft der Anlagenbetreiber, „empirische“ Veränderun -","line":5,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":522.1859000000001,"width":"303.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"- Mangelnd e Bereitschaft der Partner, eine Laboreinrichtung mit marktähn -","line":8,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":480.1919000000001,"width":"303.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"lichen Dimensionen zu suchen, in der Lösungen und Strategien zur Qua -","line":9,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":466.2149000000001,"width":"300.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"Dies vorausgesetzt, wurde vereinbart, die wirtschaftliche Analyse einer mög li -","line":11,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":438.1979000000001,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"chen Veränderung der Anlage, mit der die gewonnene Kohle von einem „Kos -","line":12,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":424.22090000000014,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"tenpunkt“ (wegen ihrer schlechten Qualität und der daraus resultieren den Not-","line":13,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":410.1809000000001,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"dukt, d as auf dem Markt verkauft wird) verwandelt werden kann, mit einem ","line":15,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":382.22690000000017,"width":"317.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde wie folgt durchgeführt: nach Festsetzung von drei möglichen Ver kaufs -","line":17,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":354.2099000000002,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"preisen für die Kohle in Abhängigkeit ihrer aktuellen Marktnotierung im Agr -","line":18,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":340.2329000000002,"width":"314.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"arbereich wurde der für Veränderungen an der Anlage verfügbare Höchstbe -","line":19,"x":70.911,"y":326.1929000000002,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"trag (aus dem Kohleverkauf) berechnet, wobei als Abschreibungs dauer für die ","line":20,"x":70.911,"y":312.2159000000002,"width":"317.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"Die wirtschaftliche Analyse der beiden Konfigurationen – Originalkonfigura -","line":23,"x":70.92,"y":252.18,"width":"312.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"Erhalt qualitativ hochwertiger Kohle veränderte Konfiguration) – wur de nicht ","line":25,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":224.163,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"oder Vergasungsanlage durchgeführt, sondern in Hinblick auf eine ideale An -","line":27,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":196.209,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"Südtirol untersuchten Anlagen entsprechen. Bei der Definition der einzelnen ","line":29,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":168.192,"width":"317.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"- Aus der Analyse der Vergasungsanlagen in Südtirol geht hervor, dass zwi -","line":32,"x":70.92899999999995,"y":126.19800000000001,"width":"303.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"schen 2012 und 2015, unter dem damals sehr vorteilhaften Förderpro -","line":33,"x":85.14899999999994,"y":112.221,"width":"296.13","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"- Auch die Wahl der Leistung dieser Anlage wurde unter Berücksichtigung ","line":4,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":536.1629,"width":"303.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"sagt fiel die Wahl auf eine aus zwei Modulen mit einer elektrischen Nenn -","line":6,"x":82.25999999999999,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"300.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"leistung von 45 kW und einer thermischen Nennleis tung von 100 kW be -","line":7,"x":82.25999999999999,"y":494.16890000000006,"width":"300.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"- Die übrigen für die Originalkonfiguration verwendeten technischen und ","line":9,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":466.2149000000001,"width":"306.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"wirtschaftlichen Parameter wurden ausgehend von den Durchschnitts -","line":10,"x":82.25999999999996,"y":452.1749000000001,"width":"300.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"werten der bei der Untersuch ung der Anlagen erhobenen Daten ermittelt; ","line":11,"x":82.25999999999999,"y":438.1979000000001,"width":"302.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"gleichzeitig wurde eine vergleichende Evaluierung der Parameter in Be -","line":12,"x":82.25999999999998,"y":424.22090000000014,"width":"300.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"In Tabelle 1 5 sind die Werte der für die Charakterisierung der „Originalkon -","line":15,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":382.22690000000017,"width":"309.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"4.5 Definition der „optimierten Konfiguration“","line":17,"x":68.04,"y":341.94,"width":"217.34","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"- „Investitio nsjahr“: die Wahl des Jahres, in dem der Eingriff vorgenommen ","line":22,"x":68.04,"y":266.166,"width":"305.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"werden soll, wurde unter Berücksichtigung der folgenden beiden Fakto -","line":23,"x":82.26000000000002,"y":252.189,"width":"300.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"- Die meisten in der Region angesiedelten Anlagen wurden zwischen ","line":25,"x":82.19699999999997,"y":224.172,"width":"292.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"2013 und 2015 genehmigt (27 von 44 aktuell betriebenen Anlagen) und ","line":26,"x":96.41699999999997,"y":210.195,"width":"288.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"können daher die noch für weitere 13 – 15 Jahre vorgesehene Förderung ","line":27,"x":96.41699999999997,"y":196.218,"width":"288.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"- vermutlich werden noch einige Jahre Forschung erforderlich sein, um ","line":29,"x":82.19699999999996,"y":168.201,"width":"291.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"potenzielle Änderungen an den Anlagen zur Verbesserung der Koh -","line":30,"x":96.41699999999997,"y":154.224,"width":"286.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"Für die Trocknung ","line":37,"x":236.16,"y":229.08,"width":"70.15","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"Eigenkapital [%] 0 Aufgewertete thermische ","line":41,"x":67.74,"y":190.98,"width":"158.44","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"Finanzierungszinsen [%] 3,5 Fördertarif [€/MWh] 251,86","line":43,"x":67.74,"y":168.84,"width":"193.33","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"- Auf Grundlage des Marktpreises der Kohle in der Agrarbranche wurden ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.1799,"width":"306.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"fügung stehende Kapital angegeben. Wenn man annimmt, dass di e Änderung ","line":28,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":182.166,"width":"316.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"übrigen elf Betriebsjahren der Anlage eine Rendite erzielt werden kann, vari -","line":30,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":154.212,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"Zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt kann man, da die durchzuführenden Optimierungs -","line":33,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":112.21799999999999,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"diese Summen angemessen oder ausreichend sind, um den Verkauf de r Kohle ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.1799,"width":"316.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"jedoch einen nützlichen Hinweis a uf die wirtschaftlichen Voraussetzungen ei -","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":536.1629,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"auch in der Zukunft e rmittelt werden kann (von den Forschern oder den Akt-","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 16 – Simulation der Kapitalkumulation nach 20 Jahren, der Unterschiede zwischen kumu -","line":8,"x":70.92,"y":472.02,"width":"306.69","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"liertem Kapital vor und nach dem Eingriff ( Δ vor und nach der Optimierung) sowie des maximal ","line":9,"x":70.92701999999997,"y":463.02036,"width":"302.13","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","HZMZJK+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"[€/t] [€/t] [€] [€] [€]","line":28,"x":160.92,"y":372.3,"width":"66.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"Optim ierung 1 0 0 314 947 2 093 23 018","line":30,"x":78.78,"y":329.7,"width":"127.38","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 4 – Kumuliertes Kapital nach 20 Betriebsjahren in der Originalkonfiguration und in den vier ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":361.9799,"width":"305.23","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 5 – Für den Optimierungseingriff verfügbares Kapital in den vier ermittelten Konfigurationen ","line":4,"x":68.04,"y":122.9999,"width":"308.43","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"Zum besseren Verständnis der Resultate und in Bezug auf jede optimierte ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":566.1,"width":"303.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"- Einsparung der Entsorgungskosten und/oder Verkauf d er Kohle (in der ","line":7,"x":70.92,"y":496.863,"width":"306.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"Grafik bezeichnet als „Einnahmen aus der optimierten Konfiguration“).","line":8,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":482.886,"width":"289.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"einen relativ geringen Pro zentsatz (zwischen 1 % und 5 %) der Gesamteinnah -","line":11,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":426.9150000000001,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohle wichtige Eigenschaften zur Verbesserung der Bodenqualität oder Fä -","line":17,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":342.92700000000013,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"higkeit z ur Speicherung von Kohlenstoff zugesprochen werden können) ","line":18,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":328.8870000000001,"width":"319.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"scheint ein Eingriff zur Optimierung der Anlage jedoch sowohl vom ökologi -","line":19,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":314.91000000000014,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 6 – Prozentualer Anteil der einzelnen Posten an den jährlichen Einnahmen der Anlage in den ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":254.46,"width":"313.72","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"5. Schlussfolgerungen","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.36,"width":"115.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"Fluss zugeführter Biomasse und den Fluss erzeugter Rückstände, der die An -","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":524.4029,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"lage verlässt, konnte ein repräsentatives Gesamtbild des Betriebs und der Ver -","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":510.42590000000007,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"waltung dieser Anlagen erstellt werden. Aus der Studie geht hervor, dass jähr -","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":496.38590000000005,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"Sonderabfall entsorgt w erden . Die Möglichkeit einer Nutzung der in den Süd -","line":8,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":468.4319000000001,"width":"314.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"tiroler Vergasungsanla gen gewonnenen Kohle als Bodenverbesserungsmittel ","line":9,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":454.3919000000001,"width":"318.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"misch -physischen Analyse der Kohle mit den wichtigsten europäischen Stan -","line":14,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":384.44390000000016,"width":"314.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"Landwirtschaft we iterhin durch das Vorhandensein von PAK beschränkt bleibt. ","line":16,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":356.42690000000016,"width":"316.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"Um die aktuellen Vergasungsanlagen in polygenerative Systeme zu verwan -","line":17,"x":70.91999999999994,"y":342.4499000000002,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"biomass gasifiers. Journal of CO2 Utilization , 33 (April), 46 – 54. ","line":2,"x":85.14,"y":564.1799,"width":"299.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"adsorption applications. Applied Energy , 227 , 92 – 99. https://doi.org/ ","line":6,"x":85.14000000000001,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"297.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"Bioenergy , 72 (1), 300 – 308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.10.013","line":19,"x":85.13100000000009,"y":326.1929000000002,"width":"286.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"under different operative conditions . Biomass and Bioenergy , 126 (April), ","line":26,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":228.183,"width":"297.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"Baratieri, M. (2016). Small -scale biomass gasification CHP systems: ","line":29,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":186.189,"width":"307.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"Tyrol (Italy). Energy , 112 , 285– 293. https://doi.org/10.1016/","line":31,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":158.172,"width":"286.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"Piazzi, S., Zhang, X., Patuzzi, F. & Baratieri, M. (2020). Techno - economic ","line":33,"x":70.9109999999999,"y":130.218,"width":"316.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"study in South - Tyrol. Waste Management , 105 , 550 – 559. https://doi.org/ ","line":2,"x":82.26,"y":564.1799,"width":"298.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"sorbent for iron(II), copper(II) and nickel(II) ions. Journal of Water Process ","line":6,"x":82.25100000000003,"y":508.2089000000001,"width":"303.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"Engineering , 4 (C), 12 – 24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2014.08.009","line":7,"x":82.25100000000003,"y":494.16890000000006,"width":"265.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Giovanna Ferrentino – Freie Universität Bozen","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":506.52,"width":"199.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Nabil Haman – Freie Universität Bozen","line":5,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":492.47999999999996,"width":"165.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Ksenia Morozova – Freie Universität Bozen","line":6,"x":70.929,"y":478.503,"width":"185.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Matteo Scampicchio – Freie Universität Bozen","line":7,"x":70.929,"y":464.46299999999997,"width":"198.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Picea abies auf das Wachstum von Enterococcus faecalis und Streptococ cus thermophilus . ","line":11,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":340.67568,"width":"309.67","height":"7.98","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Als Technik zur Evaluierung der antimikrobiellen Wirkung wurde die isotherme Kalo -","line":12,"x":70.91202000000004,"y":327.17352,"width":"314.43","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"al., 2011). Vor Kurzem wurde festgestellt, dass die durch hydrodynam ische ","line":29,"x":68.06700000000012,"y":174.35390000000024,"width":"316.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"des Abies alba eine starke oxidationshemmende Wirkung haben (Becvárová ","line":31,"x":68.06700000000012,"y":146.33690000000024,"width":"313.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"et al., 2018). ","line":32,"x":68.06700000000012,"y":132.35990000000024,"width":"50.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"für Anwendungen in der Lebensmittel - und Pharmabranche","line":1,"x":170.22191999999998,"y":601.2629,"width":"212.84","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Unter den verschiedenen Baumarten rufen die Holzabfälle der Rottanne ( Picea ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"316.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"abies ) großes Interesse hervor. Es handelt sich um eine i n Europa weit verbrei -","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"tete Art, die circa 38 % des Baumbestands in den europäischen Wäldern aus -","line":5,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":536.0429,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"auch seine starke industrielle Nutzung in verschiedenen Bereichen und somit ","line":7,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"316.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Aufwertung und Wiederverwendung zu finden. Vor Kurzem wurde nachge -","line":10,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"wiesen, dass die Rinde der Rottanne einen hohen Gehalt an Verbindungen mit ","line":11,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"haben nachgewiesen, dass aufgrund des hohen Hemicellulosegehalts interes -","line":13,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"sante Oligomere erzeugt werden können, di e als Bestandteile oder Hilfsstoffe ","line":14,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"316.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"sind. Eine andere Studie hat nachgewiesen, dass aus der Rottannenrinde ge -","line":16,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"path ogene Mikroorganismen haben wie z. B. Staphylococcus aureus , Klebsiella ","line":18,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"316.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"pneumoniae und Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Tanase et al., 2018). Auch wurde eine ","line":19,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":340.1129000000002,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"erhebliche hemmende Wirkung der aus Picea abies gewonnenen Extrakte ge-","line":20,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"gen die Mikrobenspezies des Streptoc occus pneumoniae festgestellt (Vainio -","line":21,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":312.0959000000002,"width":"310.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Kaila et al., 2015). Obwohl die antimikrobielle und oxidationshemmende Wir -","line":22,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":298.1189000000002,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"nisse zahlreicher Studien bestätigt wird, ist jedoch immer noch nicht ganz ","line":24,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"313.07","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"verwendete Lösungsmittel letztendlich auf die physikalischen und chemi -","line":26,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":242.08490000000026,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"schen Eigenschaften der erzeugten Extrakte haben. Der aus Thymus pectinatus ","line":27,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"316.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"gewonnene Extrakt, zum Beispiel, nutzt Methanol als Lösungsmittel und hat ","line":28,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":214.13090000000025,"width":"317.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"zeigte sich jedoch, als das entsprechende ätherische Öl durch Dampfdestilla -","line":30,"x":70.93799999999995,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"314.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"tion mit einem Clevenger - Apparat gewonnen wurde (Vard ar - Ünlü et al., ","line":31,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":172.13690000000025,"width":"318.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"2003). Diese Unterschiede könnten mit dem beim Extraktionsprozess verwen -","line":32,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":158.09690000000026,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"deten Lösungsmittel zusammenhängen. Eine von Salem et al. (2016) durchge -","line":33,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":144.11990000000026,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"führte Untersuchung wies hingegen eine starke antibakterielle und oxida -","line":34,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":130.14290000000025,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"tionshemmende Wirkung des Methanolextrakts von Picae Abies nach (Salem ","line":35,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":116.10290000000025,"width":"317.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Die in diesem Bereich veröffentlich t en Studien verdeutlichen außerdem, dass ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"316.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Einfluss auf die funktionellen Eigenscha ften der Extrakte haben kann. Zum ","line":4,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":536.0429,"width":"317.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Beispiel wurde berichtet, dass die Extraktion aus Holzabfällen von Phyllanthus ","line":5,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":522.0659,"width":"316.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"emblica L. mit Flüssigkeiten unter Druck, unter Nutzung von Methanol als ","line":6,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"316.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Lösungsmittel, ein Extrakt mit stärkerer oxidationshemmender Wirkung e r -","line":7,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Extraktion mit Lösungsmittel (Liu et al., 2009). Andere Arbeiten berichten hin -","line":9,"x":68.04000000000013,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"gegen, dass die überkritische Flüssigkeitsextraktion dank niedriger Tempera -","line":10,"x":68.04000000000013,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"turen während des Proz esses und Zusatz von Co - Lösungsmitteln wie Ethanol ","line":11,"x":68.04000000000013,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"316.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"W irkung ermöglicht hat. Extrakte aus Agarholz (Aquilaria crassna) zum Bei-","line":13,"x":68.04000000000019,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"spiel haben das Wachstum von Staphylococcus aureus und Can dida albicans ge -","line":14,"x":68.04000000000019,"y":396.08390000000014,"width":"311.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"hemmt (Wetwitayaklung et al., 2009). Darüber hinaus haben die mit überkri -","line":15,"x":68.0490000000002,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"al., 2000) und aus den Abfallprodukten von Pinus taeda (Pasquini et al., 2005) ","line":17,"x":68.0490000000002,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"317.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"und Eukaly ptus eine bemerkenswerte oxidationshemmende Wirkung gezeigt ","line":18,"x":68.04900000000018,"y":340.1129000000002,"width":"316.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"(González - Vila et al., 2000). ","line":19,"x":68.04900000000018,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"113.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Auf Grundlage dieser in den verschiedenen wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten be -","line":20,"x":68.04900000000018,"y":312.0959000000002,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Kapitel a uf die Evaluierung der antimikrobiellen Wirkung von Extrakten aus ","line":22,"x":68.04900000000015,"y":284.0789000000002,"width":"314.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Abfallprodukten der Verarbeitung von Picea abies konzentriert. Zur Bewer -","line":23,"x":68.05800000000019,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"311.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"tung der Wirkung der Extraktionstechnologie auf die Eigenschaften des er -","line":24,"x":68.04900000000026,"y":256.12490000000025,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Soxhlet - Extraktion mit Ethanol als Lösungsmittel und eine überkritische Flüs -","line":26,"x":68.04900000000026,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Polarität der Lös ungsmittel. Eine Soxhlet- Extraktion mit Ethanol erzeugt im ","line":29,"x":68.05800000000028,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"317.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Allgemeinen ein Extrakt mit polaren Phenolverbindungen. Mit überkriti -","line":30,"x":68.04900000000023,"y":172.13690000000025,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"von Picea abies angewandt und die gewonnenen Extrakte an zwei grampositi -","line":34,"x":68.04900000000026,"y":116.10290000000025,"width":"309.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"für Anwendungen in der Lebensmittel - und Pharmabranche","line":1,"x":170.22191999999998,"y":601.2629,"width":"212.84","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"ven Mikroorganismen getestet, und zwar Enterococcus faecalis und Streptococ -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"311.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"cus thermophilus . Für das Monitoring der antimikrobiellen Wirkung der Ex -","line":4,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"trakte wurde die Technik der isothermen Kalorimetrie gewählt, eine innova -","line":5,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":536.0429,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Außerdem wurden die Extrakte mit chromatographischen Techniken (HPLC -","line":9,"x":73.32299999999996,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"312.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"MS) in Anwesenheit und Ab wesenheit von Mikroorganismen untersucht, um ","line":10,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Materialien und Methoden ","line":13,"x":70.92,"y":394.26,"width":"155.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1 Vorbereitung der Holzabfälle ","line":14,"x":70.92,"y":368.04,"width":"160.92","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Holzabfälle der Rottanne ( Picea abies ) wurden in Südtirol (Italien ) gesam -","line":15,"x":70.92,"y":348.3,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"feines Pulver mit einer Körnung von 300 - 800 μ m zu erhalten. Der abschlie -","line":17,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":320.166,"width":"313.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"ßende Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des Pulvers betrug 7,8 ± 1,2, w ährend die Wasser -","line":18,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":306.30600000000004,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"aktivität bei 0,4 ± 0,1 lag . ","line":19,"x":70.947,"y":292.266,"width":"102.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"2.2 Extraktion mit überkritischem Kohlendioxid","line":20,"x":70.92,"y":266.04,"width":"227.09","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Eine Hochdruck - Pilotanlage (Super fluidi s.r.l., Padova, Italien) wurde zur Ex -","line":21,"x":70.92,"y":246.3,"width":"314.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"traktion mit überkritischem Kohlendioxid aus Holzabfällen von Picea abies","line":22,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":232.26000000000002,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"verwendet. Das System besteht aus einem Extraktor und zwei gravimetri -","line":23,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":218.28300000000002,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Eine Hochdruck - Membranpumpe (Lewa LDC - M - 9XXV1, Mailand, Italien) ","line":26,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":176.28900000000002,"width":"308.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Durchführung der Experimente wurden der Anlage 80 ± 1 Gramm Picea - abies -","line":28,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":148.27200000000002,"width":"314.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"exp erimentellen Plans bestimmt, in dem Druck (von 10 bis 30 MPa), Tempe-","line":30,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":120.31800000000001,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"ratur (von 35 bis 50 °C) und Zeit (von 10 bis 180 Minuten) definiert wurden, ","line":31,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":106.278,"width":"316.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"Co - Lösungsmittel wurde ein Anteil von 1 0 % (p/p) Ethanol hinzugefügt, um ","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":550.0829,"width":"317.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"die Fähigkeit des Kohlendioxids zur Extraktion polarer Phenolverbindungen ","line":4,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":536.0429,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"zu erhöhen. Kohlendioxid wurde mit einem Durchfluss von 2 l/h Kohlendi -","line":5,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":522.0659,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"2.3 Extraktion mit Soxhlet - Apparat","line":8,"x":68.04,"y":467.8199,"width":"167.15","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Extraktion mit Lösungsmittel wurde mit einem Soxhlet - Apparat unter ","line":9,"x":68.04,"y":448.08,"width":"318.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"ml Ethanol durch 10 Gramm Picea- abies - Pulv er laufen. Die Extraktion dauerte ","line":11,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":420.063,"width":"316.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"2.4 Ermittlung der antimikrobiellen Wirkung der Extrakte","line":13,"x":68.04,"y":379.8,"width":"274.61","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"2.4.1 Mikrobenwachstum","line":14,"x":68.04,"y":356.58,"width":"110.55","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"Die aus den Holzabfällen von Picea abies gewonnenen Extrakte wurden an ","line":15,"x":68.04,"y":343.08,"width":"314.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"zwei grampositiven Mikroorganismen getestet, und zwar Enterococcus faecalis","line":16,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":329.03999999999996,"width":"314.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"(ATCC 29212) und Streptococcus thermophilus (ATCC 19258). Die Mikroben -","line":17,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":315.063,"width":"310.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"stämme wurden bis zum Zeitpunkt des Experiments bei - 80 °C in Kulturbrühe ","line":18,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":301.086,"width":"316.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"(Try ptone soy broth, TSB) und Glycerol (20:80 p/p) konserviert. Für die Expe -","line":19,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":287.046,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"rimente wurden die Mikrobenkulturen bei 4 °C auf einem festen Nährmedium ","line":20,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":273.069,"width":"314.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"2.4.2 Durch isotherme Kalorimetrie ermittelte Hemmung des ","line":22,"x":68.04,"y":235.56,"width":"272.07","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"Die antimikrobielle Wirkung der Extrakte aus Picea abies auf das Wachstum ","line":24,"x":68.04,"y":208.08,"width":"314.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"von E. faecalis und S. thermophilus wurde durch isotherme Kalorimetrie (Ther -","line":25,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":194.04000000000002,"width":"312.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"mal Activity Monitor, Model 421 TA M III, TA Instruments) ermittelt. Zur ","line":26,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":180.06300000000002,"width":"318.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"Durchführung des Experiments wurde eine Kolonie der beiden Mikroben -","line":27,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":166.086,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"stämme in 10 ml Kulturbrühe (TSB) gegeben und dann für E. faecalis bei 37 °C ","line":28,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":152.04600000000002,"width":"316.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"und für S. thermophilus bei 40 °C ausgebrütet. Die Inkubationszeit wurde auf ","line":29,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":138.06900000000002,"width":"314.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"erhalten. Mikrobensuspensionen mit einer Endkonzentration von 10 ⁸ KBE/ml ","line":31,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":110.052,"width":"316.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","AUPJEX+TimesNewRomanPSMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"für Anwendungen in der Lebensmittel - und Pharmabranche","line":1,"x":170.22191999999998,"y":601.2629,"width":"212.84","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"mit einer Endkonzentration der Mikroben von 10 ⁵ KBE/ml zu erhalten. Auch ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"316.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","AUPJEX+TimesNewRomanPSMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"die durch überkritische Flüssigkeitsextraktion mit Soxhlet - Apparat gewonne -","line":4,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"nen Extrakte von Picea abies wurden in steriler Kulturbrühe (TSB) verdünnt. ","line":5,"x":70.911,"y":536.0429,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Dann wurden sie mit den Mikrobenkulturen vermischt und erreichten End -","line":6,"x":70.911,"y":522.0659,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Mikro ben wachstum in Anwese nheit oder Abwesenheit von Extrakten ","line":10,"x":70.911,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"321.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"2.4.3 Ermittlung der für die antimikrobielle Wirkung der Extrakte ","line":13,"x":70.92,"y":414.6,"width":"287.31","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Phenolverbindungen der Extrakte aus Picea abies wurden durch eine Flüs -","line":15,"x":70.92,"y":387.06,"width":"312.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"sigchromatographie - Massenspektrometrie mit hoher Auflösung (HPL - MS) ","line":16,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":373.083,"width":"316.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"unter Anwendung eines Q - Exactive Orbitrap HRMS (Thermo Scientific, ","line":17,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":359.043,"width":"311.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde eine Accucore RP - MS LC - Säule (100 mm × 2,1 mm ID, 2,6 μm) mit einer ","line":19,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":331.08900000000006,"width":"316.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Vorsäule (Thermo Scientific, Mailand, Italien) verwendet, um die Phenolver -","line":20,"x":70.92899999999995,"y":317.04900000000004,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"von 175 ms ausgewählt. Die Phenolverbindungen in den Extr akten wurden ","line":24,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":261.0780000000001,"width":"317.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"auf Grundlage der Retentionszeit und der bei 280 nm gemessenen UV -","line":25,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":247.10100000000008,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Absorp tion ermittelt. Die Retentionszeiten wurden mit den analytischen Stan -","line":26,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":233.0610000000001,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"dardzeiten verglichen. Der Zusammenhang zwischen der Häufigkeit der che -","line":27,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":219.0840000000001,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"mischen Verbindungen und der Integration der Fläche unter jedem Peak wur -","line":28,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":205.10700000000008,"width":"312.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden circa 5 mg Extrakt zu 1 ml Nährbrühe (TSB) in Anwesenheit und Ab -","line":32,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":149.0730000000001,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"wesenheit des Mikrobenstammes E. faecalis hinzugefügt, der mit einer Kon -","line":33,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":135.0960000000001,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"zentration von 10⁶ KBE/ml beimpft wurde. Beide Proben wurden für 24 Stun -","line":34,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":121.11900000000009,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"von 5 mg Extrakt zu 1 ml Kulturbrühe (TSB) zubereitet. Die drei Proben wur -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"den mit einer HPLC - MS analysiert. Für die Zubereitung der Proben wurden ","line":3,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":550.0829,"width":"317.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"5 ml einer MeOH - Wasser - Lösung (70:30) zu 500 mg der Probe gegeben. Das ","line":4,"x":68.04899999999999,"y":536.0429,"width":"317.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Gemisch wurde 5 Minuten mit einem Vortexmischer geschüttelt, 15 Minuten ","line":5,"x":68.04,"y":522.0659,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Der Überstand wurde vor der Analyse mit einem 0,2 - μm - Spritzenfilter gefil -","line":7,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Analy se wurde als Triplikat durchgeführt und die Ergebnisse als Mittel-","line":9,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Ergebnisse und Diskussion ","line":11,"x":68.04,"y":408.24,"width":"161.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"3.1 Extraktion mit Soxhlet - Apparat und überkritischem ","line":12,"x":68.04,"y":382.02,"width":"268.13","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"In diesem Abschnitt wird das mit zwei verschiedenen Technolo gien durchge -","line":14,"x":68.04,"y":348.3,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"führte Verfahren der Extraktion aus Holzabfällen des Picea abies erläutert (Ab -","line":15,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":334.26,"width":"312.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde bei 45 °C und 20 MPa Druck über eine Dauer von 120 Minuten durch -","line":17,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":306.30600000000004,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"geführt. Am Ende des Ver fahrens ergab sich ein Ertrag von 3,4 ± 0,5 % (p/p), ","line":18,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":292.266,"width":"317.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Extraktion mit einem Soxhlet - Apparat wurde unter Anwendung von ","line":21,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":250.27200000000008,"width":"319.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Ethanol als Lösungsmittel durchgeführt. Die Temperatur wurde auf 76 °C ein -","line":22,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":236.29500000000007,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"für Anwendungen in der Lebensmittel - und Pharmabranche","line":1,"x":170.22191999999998,"y":601.2629,"width":"212.84","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 1 – Extraktion aus Holzabfällen des Picea abies mit Soxhlet - Apparat und überkritischem ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":368.4,"width":"293.31","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"Die chemische Charakterisierung beider Extrakte wurde mit einer HPLC - MS ","line":5,"x":70.92,"y":334.56,"width":"316.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"Die größten Mengen sind von folgen den Phenolverbindungen vorhanden: ","line":7,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":306.543,"width":"318.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"Methylbenzosesäure, Gallussäure, Catechin, Dihydroquercetin, Hydroxy -","line":8,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":292.56600000000003,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"pinoresinol und Isorhapontin. Diese Verbindungen wurden in beiden Extrak -","line":9,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":278.58900000000006,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"Holzabfall von Picea abies","line":11,"x":189.9035,"y":568.9937,"width":"54.15","height":"5.14","fontName":["KITOYT+Calibri-Bold","HPZZYJ+Calibri-BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"Feuchtigkeit = 7.8 %","line":12,"x":196.3488,"y":562.8216,"width":"42.51","height":"5.14","fontName":["KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"Wasseraktivität = 0.40","line":13,"x":193.9769,"y":556.6496,"width":"47.18","height":"5.14","fontName":["KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Druck = 20 - 30 MPa","line":15,"x":274.1634,"y":478.3604,"width":"58.75","height":"6.84","fontName":["BBCPSV+Wingdings-Regular","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Temperatur = 40 - 50 ° C","line":16,"x":274.1634,"y":470.1311,"width":"68.39","height":"6.84","fontName":["BBCPSV+Wingdings-Regular","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Zeit = 1 - 2 Stunden","line":17,"x":274.1634,"y":461.9018,"width":"56.91","height":"6.84","fontName":["BBCPSV+Wingdings-Regular","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Lösungsmittel = Kohlendioxid","line":18,"x":274.1634,"y":453.6724,"width":"88.93","height":"6.84","fontName":["BBCPSV+Wingdings-Regular","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Temperatur : 70 - 80 ° C","line":20,"x":75.0799,"y":479.4284,"width":"65.39","height":"6.84","fontName":["BBCPSV+Wingdings-Regular","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Zeit : 5 Stunden","line":21,"x":75.0799,"y":471.199,"width":"48.02","height":"6.84","fontName":["BBCPSV+Wingdings-Regular","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Lösungsmittel : Ethanol","line":22,"x":75.0799,"y":462.9696,"width":"70.21","height":"6.84","fontName":["BBCPSV+Wingdings-Regular","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"Soxhlet - Extrakt Überkritisches ","line":23,"x":119.5216,"y":409.8682,"width":"75.64","height":"6.02","fontName":["KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 1 – Chemische Charakterisierung der mit Soxhlet - Apparat und überkritischem Kohlendioxid ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":567.9,"width":"314.32","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"(SFE) gewonnenen Extrakte von Picea abies . Angepasste Tabelle aus der Arbeit von Haman et al., ","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":558.90036,"width":"316.40","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbindung Formel [M - H] -","line":5,"x":57.78,"y":526.2599,"width":"105.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"[M - H] -","line":7,"x":238.32,"y":526.2599,"width":"27.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"SFE -","line":9,"x":284.76,"y":526.2599,"width":"18.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Extraktions -","line":10,"x":284.76,"y":514.14,"width":"49.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Soxhlet -","line":13,"x":337.44,"y":526.2599,"width":"33.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Extraktions -","line":14,"x":337.44,"y":514.14,"width":"49.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"2 - Methylbenzoesäure C₈H₈O₂ 135,0452 135,0450 61,8 ± 0,8 50,1 ± 0,5","line":17,"x":57.78,"y":468.72,"width":"232.70","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Zimtsäure C₉H₈O₂ 147,0451 147,0452 2,03 ± 0,1 1,5 ± 0,4","line":18,"x":57.78,"y":447.78,"width":"188.01","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Protocatechusäure C₇H₆O₄ 153,0193 153,0192 1,5 ± 0,1 1,1 ± 0,2","line":19,"x":57.78,"y":426.9,"width":"213.82","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Cumarsäure C₉H₈O₃ 163,0401 163,0401 1,6 ± 0,1 1,3 ± 0,4","line":20,"x":57.78,"y":406.02,"width":"191.50","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Gallussäure C₇H₆O₅ 169,0142 1690143 4,1 ± 0,3 3 , 1 ± 0 , 5","line":21,"x":57.78,"y":385.14,"width":"187.13","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Ferulasäure C₁₀H₁₀O₄ 193,0506 193,0507 0,60 ± 0,13 0,55 ± 0,12","line":22,"x":57.78,"y":364.26,"width":"211.05","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"(+) - Catechin C₁₅H₁₄O₆ 289,0718 289,0720 1,6 ± 0,3 0,84 ± 0,01","line":23,"x":57.78,"y":343.32,"width":"204.37","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"(Taxifolin) C₁₅H₁₂O₇ 303,0513 303,0513 59 ± 2 42 ± 3","line":25,"x":57.78,"y":311.64,"width":"173.26","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"(+) - 6 -","line":26,"x":57.78,"y":290.76,"width":"18.97","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Hydroxypinoresinol C₂₀H₂₂O₇ 373,1293 373,1293 312 ± 23 201 ± 12","line":27,"x":57.78,"y":279.96,"width":"225.74","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Astringin C₂₀H₂₂O₂ 405,1191 405,1196 16 ± 1 10 ± 2","line":28,"x":57.78,"y":259.08,"width":"169.81","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"Isorhapontin C₂₁H₂₄O₉ 419,1348 419,1349 432 ± 56 323 ± 15","line":29,"x":57.78,"y":238.2,"width":"198.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":64,"change":"Addition","str":"3.2 Mit isothermer Kalorimetrie beschriebenes ","line":30,"x":68.04,"y":195.78,"width":"228.95","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"benwachstums im Intervall der in dieser Studie verwendeten Mikrobenkon -","line":36,"x":68.04,"y":199.626,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"zentrationen zwischen 10 1 und 10 7 KBE/ml von 2,3 ± 0,2 auf 10,9 ± 0,6 Stunden ","line":37,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":185.58,"width":"314.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"signifikant gestiegen ist (p < 0,01). Die Daten zeigen eine lineare Korrelation ","line":38,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":171.603,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"Verzögerungszeit des Wachstums (R 2 = 0,99) mit einer Gleichun g von λ = - 1,39 ","line":40,"x":68.03099999999998,"y":143.46300000000002,"width":"314.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"*C + 11,11 (C steht für log(KBE/ml)) für S. thermophilus . Ähnliche Ergebnisse ","line":41,"x":68.0279999999999,"y":129.603,"width":"317.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden auch für das Mikrobenwachstum von E. faecalis erzielt. Auch in die -","line":42,"x":68.02799999999993,"y":115.626,"width":"311.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"sem Fall wurde ein linearer Zusammenhang (R 2 = 0,99) b eobachtet, mit einer ","line":43,"x":68.0279999999999,"y":101.58,"width":"314.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"für Anwendungen in der Lebensmittel - und Pharmabranche","line":1,"x":170.22606,"y":601.2629,"width":"212.84","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"Gleichung von λ = - 1,59 *C + 19,57. Die anderen Variablen, wie die Gesamt -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":563.9429,"width":"307.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"wärme (Q tot ), die Höchstgeschwindigkeit des Wachstums ( μ max ) und der ma -","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":549.9,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"ximale Wärmefluss ( Φ max ) wiesen keine Korrelation mit der anfänglichen Kon -","line":5,"x":70.923,"y":535.86,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"zentration der Mikrobenbelastung auf. Daher wurd e die Verzögerungszeit ","line":6,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":522.063,"width":"318.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"des Wachstums ( λ ) als Mikrobenwachstumsindex verwendet, um die nachfol -","line":7,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":507.969,"width":"314.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"genden Ergebnisse zu erklären, bei denen die Extrakte von Picea abies zu den ","line":8,"x":70.91700000000003,"y":494.046,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"3.3 Antimikrobielle Wirkung der Extrakte von Picea abies","line":10,"x":70.92,"y":453.7851,"width":"278.72","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"Im Folgenden sind die Ergebnisse der antimikrobiellen Wirkung von Extrak -","line":11,"x":70.92,"y":434.04,"width":"314.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"ten aus Picea abies auf Mikrobenstämme von Streptococcus thermophilus und ","line":12,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":420.06300000000005,"width":"309.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"Enterococcus faecalis aufgeführt. Es wurden zwölf Experi mente im Duplikat ","line":13,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":406.08600000000007,"width":"314.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"durchgeführt, um die antimikrobielle Wirkung der mit Soxhlet - Apparat und ","line":14,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":392.04600000000005,"width":"317.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"Extraktionstechnologie wurde die Verzögerungszeit des Wachstums der bei -","line":16,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":364.0920000000001,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"den Mikrobenstämme unter Anwendung von drei den Mikrobenkulturen zu -","line":17,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":350.0520000000001,"width":"312.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"Abbildung 4 - A zeigt die für S. thermophilus erzielten Ergebnisse des Wärme-","line":19,"x":70.91100000000012,"y":322.0980000000001,"width":"311.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"durch das Verfahr en mit überkritischem Kohlendioxid gewonnenen Extrakts ","line":21,"x":70.9020000000001,"y":294.08100000000013,"width":"317.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"von Picea abies . Gleichermaßen zeigt Abbildung 4 - B die Ergebnisse des Wär -","line":22,"x":70.9020000000001,"y":280.10400000000016,"width":"313.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"meflusses für den gleichen Mikroorganismus nach Zusatz wachsender Kon -","line":23,"x":70.90200000000016,"y":266.06400000000014,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"zentrationen des mit Soxhlet- Apparat unter Anwendung von Ethanol als Lö -","line":24,"x":70.90200000000016,"y":252.08700000000013,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"Mikrobenwachstum in Anwesenheit des Extrakts, wie die Werte der Verzöge -","line":26,"x":70.90200000000016,"y":224.07000000000014,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"rungszeiten ( λ ) zeigen, die bei Zusatz zunehmender Konzentrationen des Ex -","line":27,"x":70.90200000000016,"y":209.97600000000014,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 4 – Thermogramme des Mikrobenwachstums von S. thermophilus in Abwesenheit (a) und ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":396.9,"width":"311.37","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"Anwesenheit zunehmender Konzentrationen des Extrakts aus Picea abies ( (b) 1 mg/ml (c) 3 mg/ml ","line":3,"x":68.03298000000001,"y":387.90036,"width":"314.56","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT","HZMZJK+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"(d) 5 mg/ml)). Mit überkritischem Kohlendioxid (A) und Soxhlet - Extraktion ( B) gewonnene Extrakte . ","line":4,"x":68.02596000000003,"y":378.90072,"width":"316.54","height":"7.02","fontName":["HZMZJK+ArialMT","CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"Wert der beim Wachstum entstandenen Wärme (Q tot ) und folglich auch durch ","line":7,"x":68.04,"y":325.86,"width":"316.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"einen niedrigeren Wert des maximalen Wärmeflusses ( Φ m ax ). Die Ergebnisse ","line":8,"x":68.04299999999998,"y":311.88,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"bei einem Anstieg der Konzentration des Extrakts hin, dass der Mikrobenkul -","line":10,"x":68.037,"y":284.043,"width":"312.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"tur zugesetzt wird ( μ max ). ","line":11,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":269.88,"width":"104.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"In den folgenden Tabellen sind die thermokinetischen Parameter aus den ka -","line":12,"x":68.046,"y":256.083,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"mit überkritischem Kohlendioxid und Soxhlet- Apparat gewonnenen Extrakte ","line":14,"x":68.04599999999999,"y":228.06600000000003,"width":"316.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"hinzugefügt wurden (Tab . 4 und 5).","line":15,"x":68.04599999999996,"y":214.08900000000003,"width":"143.13","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"für Anwendungen in der Lebensmittel - und Pharmabranche","line":1,"x":170.22606,"y":601.2629,"width":"212.84","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 4 – Thermokinetische Parameter aus den kalorimetrischen Kurven des Mikrobenwachstums ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":567.9,"width":"314.51","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"von S. thermophilus in Anwesenheit des mit überkritischem Kohlendioxid und Soxhlet - Apparat ","line":4,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":558.90036,"width":"311.33","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Extraktions -","line":6,"x":70.92,"y":520.2,"width":"49.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"100* μ max","line":11,"x":191.52,"y":520.02,"width":"34.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Q tot","line":15,"x":283.68,"y":520.02,"width":"13.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"t p","line":17,"x":326.22,"y":520.02,"width":"6.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Φ max","line":19,"x":361.62,"y":520.02,"width":"17.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["LHIUMR+SymbolMT","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"( μW)","line":20,"x":361.62,"y":508.08,"width":"21.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"- 6,7 ± 0,1 4,8 ± 0,3 2,2 ± 0,4 6 ± 0,3 259 ± 11","line":21,"x":131.52,"y":480.84,"width":"141.26","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"1 5,3 ± 0,1 7,9 ± 0,7 2,5 ± 0,2 10 ± 4 144 ± 2","line":24,"x":131.52,"y":459.96,"width":"136.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"3 4,3 ± 0,2 8,9 ± 0,2 1,4 ± 0,4 15 ± 2 94 ± 8","line":25,"x":131.52,"y":439.08,"width":"132.28","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"5 0,8 ± 0,2 12,4 ± 0,6 1,1 ± 0,3 35 ± 2 30 ± 16","line":26,"x":131.52,"y":418.14,"width":"140.50","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"1 5,1 ± 0,01 7,7 ± 2,0 2,1 ± 0,1 8 ± 1 189 ± 17","line":28,"x":131.52,"y":397.2599,"width":"140.49","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"3 3,6 ± 0,01 8,6 ± 0,5 1,8 ± 0,1 12 ± 3 105 ± 22","line":29,"x":131.52,"y":376.38,"width":"144.52","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"5 2,8 ± 0,01 10,5 ± 0,8 1,7 ± 0,1 27 ± 1 24 ± 6","line":30,"x":131.52,"y":355.5,"width":"140.44","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 5 – Thermokinetische Parameter aus den kalorimetrischen Kurven des Mikrobenwachstums ","line":31,"x":70.92,"y":326.15826000000004,"width":"314.51","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"von E. faecalis in Anwesenheit des mit überkritischem Kohlendioxid und Soxhlet - Apparat ","line":32,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":317.15862000000004,"width":"307.84","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Extraktions -","line":34,"x":70.92,"y":278.46,"width":"49.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"100* μ max","line":39,"x":191.4,"y":278.28,"width":"34.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Q tot","line":43,"x":276.42,"y":278.28,"width":"13.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"t p","line":45,"x":319.02,"y":278.28,"width":"6.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Φ max","line":47,"x":354.42,"y":278.28,"width":"17.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["LHIUMR+SymbolMT","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"( μW)","line":48,"x":354.42,"y":266.28,"width":"21.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"- 6,0 ± 0,1 6,4 ± 0,3 2,8 ± 0,5 8 ± 1 229 ± 11","line":49,"x":131.52,"y":239.04,"width":"135.08","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"1 4,1 ± 0,1 11,2 ± 1,3 2,3 ± 0,3 12 ± 1 153 ± 14","line":52,"x":131.52,"y":218.16,"width":"144.57","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"3 3,6 ± 0,1 18,2 ± 0,4 2,0 ± 0,1 24 ± 2 49 ± 1","line":53,"x":131.52,"y":197.28,"width":"136.36","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"5 0,9 ± 0,4 27,7 ± 1,1 1,7 ± 0,5 37 ± 1 40 ± 13","line":54,"x":131.52,"y":176.4,"width":"140.50","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"1 4,0 ± 0,1 8,5 ± 0,1 2,4 ± 0,2 10 ± 1 149 ± 2","line":56,"x":131.52,"y":155.52,"width":"136.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"3 1,5 ± 0,2 12,0 ± 0,9 2,1± 0,2 15 ± 2 42 ± 2","line":57,"x":131.52,"y":134.58,"width":"134.09","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"5 0,5 ± 0,2 24,0 ± 0,9 1,6 ± 0,1 32 ± 2 32 ± 10","line":58,"x":131.52,"y":113.7,"width":"140.50","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"3.3.1 Wirkung der Art und Menge des Extrakts auf das ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":563.58,"width":"245.96","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"(überkritisches Kohlendioxid v s. Sohxlet) und (3) der Art des Mikroorganis -","line":7,"x":68.04,"y":494.046,"width":"313.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"mus ( E. faecalis vs. S. thermophilus ) zu bestimmen. Für die statistische Analyse ","line":8,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":480.069,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"gewählt. Wie zuvor gezeigt, wies diese Variable eine linea re Korrelation mit ","line":10,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":452.052,"width":"317.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"Extraktkonzentration ausgeübt, die über 40 % der Gesamtvarianz ausmachte ","line":14,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":396.0810000000001,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"( η 2 ). Weitere 16 % der Varianz wurden der Interaktion zwischen der Extrakt-","line":15,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":381.9870000000001,"width":"314.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"ser Interaktion zeigt, dass der Mikrobenstamm von E. faecal is empfindlicher ","line":17,"x":68.04,"y":354.063,"width":"313.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"als der Stamm E. faecalis gegenüber dem Zusatz des Extrakts von Picea abies","line":18,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":340.086,"width":"311.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"reagiert. Für jede den beiden Mikrobenkulturen zugesetzte Extraktkonzentra -","line":19,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":326.046,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"tion resultierten die für den Stamm E. faecalis (M=16,9, SD=7,4) beobachteten ","line":20,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":312.069,"width":"317.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"Verzögerun gszeiten deutlich höher als die des Stammes S. thermophilus ","line":21,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":298.09200000000004,"width":"320.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"(M=9.4, SD=1.9). Diese stärkere Wirkung wird noch offensichtlicher, wenn bei -","line":22,"x":68.0400000000001,"y":284.052,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Ergebnisse zeigen eindeutig, dass der Mikrob enstamm S. thermophilus","line":24,"x":68.04000000000013,"y":256.09800000000007,"width":"312.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
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{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"timikrobikums weniger exponiert sind (Hardie et al., 2003). Der Stamm E. ","line":29,"x":68.03100000000012,"y":186.08700000000007,"width":"316.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"( λ ) in Anwesenheit unterschiedlicher Konzentrationen des mit den beiden Extraktionstechnologien ","line":4,"x":70.92702,"y":558.90036,"width":"316.63","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"Abbildung 5 - A zeigt die Wirkung der Konzentration des auf beide Mikroben -","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":251.07890000000017,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"stämme angewandten Extrakts. Diese signifikante Interaktion zwischen der ","line":7,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":237.10190000000017,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"denen F(2,12) = 89,8 (p< 0,001) entspr icht.","line":10,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":195.10790000000017,"width":"167.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"angewandt werden. Die Ergebnisse scheinen darauf hinzuweisen , dass der ","line":16,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":111.06599999999999,"width":"318.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"Source SS df MS F p η 2","line":18,"x":74.82,"y":518.64,"width":"78.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"A: S.thermophilus vs. ","line":19,"x":74.82,"y":497.64,"width":"73.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"E. faecalis 344,78 1 344,78 394 , 9 <0,001 35 %","line":20,"x":74.82,"y":486.84,"width":"140.79","height":"7.98","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"37,53 1 37,53 43,0 <0,001 4 %","line":24,"x":160.02246,"y":455.16,"width":"91.33","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"C: Extrakt -","line":25,"x":74.82,"y":423.48,"width":"39.20","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"Konzentration 403,16 2 201,58 230,9 <0,001 41 %","line":26,"x":74.82,"y":412.68,"width":"160.15","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"AB: 17,00 1 17,00 19,5 <0,001 2 %","line":27,"x":74.82,"y":391.8,"width":"104.70","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"AC: 156,75 2 78,37 89,8 <0,001 16 %","line":28,"x":74.82,"y":370.86,"width":"113.70","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"BC: 3,64 2 1,82 2,1 <0,167 0,4 %","line":29,"x":74.82,"y":349.98,"width":"97.92","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"ABC: 4,57 2 2,28 2,6 <0,114 0,5 %","line":30,"x":74.82,"y":329.1,"width":"104.22","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"Fehler 10,48 12 0,87 1 %","line":31,"x":74.82,"y":308.22,"width":"77.22","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"Gesamt 977,90 23","line":32,"x":74.82,"y":286.62,"width":"58.62","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"aufweist, die ihn wirksamer gegenüber E. faecalis als gegenüber dem Mikro -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"311.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Interaktion zwischen den M ikrobenstämmen und der Extraktionstechnologie ","line":4,"x":68.03999999999998,"y":536.0429,"width":"317.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"bestätigt (F(1,12)=19.5, p< 0,001, η 2 = 2 %).","line":5,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":521.9489000000001,"width":"167.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Abbildung 5 - C verdeutlicht für beide Extraktionstechnologien, dass die Ver -","line":6,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":508.0829,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"zögerungszeit mit zunehmender Konzentration des der Mikrobenkultur zu -","line":7,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":494.0429,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"benwachstums bei den beiden höchsten Konzentrationen für die SFE - Techno -","line":9,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":466.0889,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"logie deutlich höher aus als für die Soxhlet- Technologie (SOX). ","line":10,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":452.0489,"width":"260.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 5 – Wirkung von Extraktkonzentration, Art des Mikroorga nismus und Extraktionstechnologie ","line":11,"x":68.04,"y":261.06,"width":"309.25","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"auf die Verzögerungszeit des Mikrobenwachstums ( λ ). ","line":12,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":252.06036,"width":"175.77","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"3.4 Ermittlung der für die antimikrobielle Wirkung der Extrakte ","line":13,"x":68.04,"y":226.92,"width":"306.00","height":"10.98","fontName":["UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT","CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"aus Picea abies verantwortlichen Phenolverbindungen","line":14,"x":93.54654000000001,"y":212.94245999999998,"width":"266.57","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Dieser Abschnitt erläutert die Ergebnisse, die mit dem Ziel gewonnen wur -","line":15,"x":68.04,"y":193.2,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"den, die für die antimikrobielle Wirkung verantwortlichen Phenolverbindun -","line":16,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":179.22299999999998,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"gen im Extrakt von Picea abies zu ermitteln. Zu diesem Zweck wurden zwei ","line":17,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":165.24599999999998,"width":"314.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Proben einer Mikrobenkultur aus E. faecalis (10 6 KBE/ml) zubereitet, die man ","line":18,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":151.2,"width":"314.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"für 24 Stunden bei 37 °C unter aeroben Bedingungen mit Zusatz der mit den ","line":19,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":137.22299999999998,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Ergebnissen eine größere Empfindlichkeit gegenüber der antimikrobiellen ","line":22,"x":68.0279999999999,"y":95.22899999999997,"width":"319.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"1 3 5","line":28,"x":115.7898,"y":295.6192,"width":"9.21","height":"6.12","fontName":["YZOXCB+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Extrakt / mg/mL","line":30,"x":114.0117,"y":285.1242,"width":"53.12","height":"7.38","fontName":["YZOXCB+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"1 3 5","line":31,"x":306.883,"y":295.7614,"width":"9.21","height":"6.12","fontName":["YZOXCB+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Extrakt / mg/mL","line":32,"x":315.9309,"y":285.6291,"width":"53.12","height":"7.38","fontName":["YZOXCB+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"S. thermophilus E. faecalis","line":33,"x":202.0758,"y":295.3545,"width":"67.10","height":"6.12","fontName":["CNKQGT+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"A B C","line":35,"x":109.7478,"y":414.835,"width":"15.61","height":"7.38","fontName":["YZOXCB+TimesNewRomanPS-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"für Anwendungen in der Lebensmittel - und Pharmabranche","line":1,"x":170.22606,"y":601.2629,"width":"212.84","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Wirkung des Extrakts aus Picea abies gezeigt hat. Vor und nach den 24 Stunden ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"der Inkubation wurde die Mikrobenkultur mit einer HPLC- MS untersucht, ","line":4,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":550.0829,"width":"318.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"entsprechenden Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 7 aufgeführt. ","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":522.0659,"width":"230.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 7 – Phenolverbindungen in einer Probe einer Mikrobenkultur von E. faecalis mit einer ","line":7,"x":70.92,"y":499.92,"width":"311.12","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Konzentration von 10 6 KBE/ml, zu der 5 mg/ml Extrakt aus Picea abies hinzugefügt wurden. Die ","line":8,"x":70.92701999999997,"y":490.92,"width":"313.29","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT","HZMZJK+ArialMT","UJLJRF+Arial-ItalicMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"aeroben Wachstumsbedingungen bei 37 °C mit einer HPLC - MS durchgeführt. ","line":10,"x":70.92323999999999,"y":472.92072,"width":"251.92","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbindung Hemmung des ","line":11,"x":74.82,"y":449.28,"width":"112.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"2 - Methylbenzoesäure 11 ± 1,3 3,6 ± 0,5","line":19,"x":76.92,"y":391.68,"width":"136.05","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Zimtsäure 66,5 ± 3,4 26,7 ± 3,2","line":20,"x":74.82,"y":370.8,"width":"105.70","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Protocatechusäure 66,6 ± 3,1 27,3 ± 2,2","line":21,"x":74.82,"y":349.92,"width":"137.67","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Cumarsäure 6,3 ± 0,5 7,7 ± 1,1","line":22,"x":74.82,"y":329.04,"width":"107.21","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Gallussäure 53,7 ± 3,2 19,4 ± 1,2","line":23,"x":74.82,"y":308.1,"width":"113.60","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Ferulasäure 15 ± 2,3 7,3 ± 0,8","line":24,"x":74.82,"y":287.22,"width":"103.07","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"(+) - Catechin 94,4 ± 8,3 58,8 ± 4,1","line":25,"x":74.82,"y":266.34,"width":"114.79","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Dihydroquercetin (Taxifolin) 67,8 ± 3,5 16,7 ± 1,4","line":26,"x":74.82,"y":245.46,"width":"175.53","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"(+) - 6 - Hydroxypinoresinol 15,1 ± 1,8 11,4 ± 1,1","line":27,"x":74.82,"y":224.58,"width":"163.40","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Astringin 92,2 ± 5,4 73,1 ± 1,5","line":28,"x":74.82,"y":203.64,"width":"102.98","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Isorhapontin 27,8 ± 3,2 19,8 ± 2,1","line":29,"x":74.82,"y":182.76,"width":"117.25","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Nach 24 Stunden Kontakt zwischen dem Mikrobenstamm und dem Extrakt ","line":30,"x":70.92,"y":150.603,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden signifikante Verringerungen (p < 0 , 05) bestimmter Phenolverbindun -","line":31,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":136.56300000000002,"width":"312.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Der Verbrauch dieser Verbindungen ist wahrscheinlich auf ihre antimikrobi -","line":33,"x":70.911,"y":108.60900000000001,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"elle Wirkung zurü ckzuführen. Die in Tabelle 6 aufgeführten Inhibitionswerte ","line":34,"x":70.911,"y":94.569,"width":"316.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"Für einige Phenolverbindungen (wie zum Beispiel Zimtsäure, Protocatechu -","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"säure und Gallussäure) war die Inhibition bei den mit überkritischem Kohlen -","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"Einige Studien haben die antimikrobielle Wirkung der Extrakte aus Picea abies","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"(Radulescu et al., 2011; Puupponen - Pimiä et al., 2001; Rauha et al., 2000). Die ","line":8,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"gewonnen. In den Extrakten vorhandene Phenolverbindungen sind Querce -","line":10,"x":68.04900000000006,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"tin, Kaempferol und Myricetin, die alle als hauptverantwortlich für die anti -","line":11,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"mikro bielle Wirkung ermittelt wurden (Plumed - Ferrer et al., 2013). Außerdem ","line":12,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"316.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"haben verschiedene Studien bewiesen, dass die im Extrakt aus Picea abies vor -","line":13,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"Piceatannol, Isorhapontin und Isorhapon tigenin, eine antimikrobielle Wir -","line":15,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"kung gegen gramnegative Mikroorganismen wie Salmonella und gramposi -","line":16,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"( Φ max ). Auch die Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit ( μ max ) sinkt mit Erhöhung des ","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":521.8799,"width":"317.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","LHIUMR+SymbolMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Isorhapontin zurückgeführt, von denen nach 24 - stündigem Kontakt zwischen ","line":9,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":480.0659,"width":"316.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Lebe nsmittel - , Kosmetik - und Pharmaprodukten genutzt werden.","line":15,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":396.07790000000006,"width":"265.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"(2016): In vitro bioactivity and antimicrobial activity of Picea abies and Larix ","line":18,"x":85.14,"y":312.06300000000005,"width":"299.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"decidua wood and bark extracts . BioResources 11, 9421 - 9437.","line":19,"x":85.14000000000004,"y":298.08600000000007,"width":"233.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"of the essential oil from Pinus mugo . J. Agric. Food Chem. 51, 7576 - 7582.","line":21,"x":85.14000000000004,"y":270.0690000000001,"width":"281.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Bianchi S, Gloess AN, Kroslakov a I, Mayer I, Pichelin F (2014): Analysis of the ","line":22,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":256.0920000000001,"width":"317.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"TOF mass spectrometry . Industrial Crops and Products 61, 430 - 437.","line":25,"x":85.14900000000011,"y":214.0980000000001,"width":"264.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Kusumoto N, Zhao T, Swedjemark G, Ashitani T, Takahashi K, Borg - Karlson ","line":26,"x":70.93800000000016,"y":200.0580000000001,"width":"317.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"A (2014): Antifungal properties of terpenoids in Picea abies against H ","line":27,"x":85.15800000000013,"y":186.0810000000001,"width":"306.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"eterobasidion parviporum . For Pathol. 44, 353- 361.","line":28,"x":85.15800000000013,"y":172.1040000000001,"width":"193.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Minova S, Sešķēna R, Voitkāne S, Metla Z, Daugav ietis M, Jankevica L (2015): ","line":29,"x":70.9380000000001,"y":158.0640000000001,"width":"317.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"on important strawberry pathogens. Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of ","line":31,"x":85.1580000000001,"y":130.1100000000001,"width":"300.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Sciences Section B Natural Exact and Applied Sciences 69, 62 -67.","line":32,"x":85.16700000000012,"y":116.07000000000009,"width":"255.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"S ahin HT, Yalcin OU (2017): Chemical Composition and Utilization of Conifer ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"318.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Needles- A Review . Journal of Applied Life Sciences International, 1 - 11.","line":3,"x":82.26,"y":550.0829,"width":"282.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Alañón ME, García - Ruiz A. Díaz - Maroto M, Pérez - Coello MS, Moreno -","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"314.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Arribas M (2015): Antimicrobial and antioxid ant activity of pressurized liquid ","line":5,"x":82.25999999999999,"y":522.0659,"width":"303.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"extracts from oenological woods. Food Control 50, 581 - 588.","line":6,"x":82.25999999999996,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"226.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"(2011): Antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities and determination of ","line":8,"x":82.2599999999999,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"302.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"the total tannin content of bark extracts Endopleura uchi. International journal ","line":9,"x":82.2599999999999,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"302.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"of molecular sciences 12, 2757 - 2768.","line":10,"x":82.2599999999999,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"144.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Cruz JM, Domínguez JM, Domínguez H, Parajó JC (2011): Antioxidant and ","line":11,"x":68.03999999999988,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"318.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"antimicrobial effects of extracts from hydrolysates of lignocellulosic mate rials . J ","line":12,"x":82.25999999999988,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"303.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Agric Food Chem 49, 2459 - 2464.","line":13,"x":82.25099999999986,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"130.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Becvárová P, Horváth M, Sarapatka B, Zouhar V (2018): Dynamics of soil organic ","line":14,"x":68.03099999999986,"y":396.08390000000014,"width":"316.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"carbon (SOC) content in stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies) in central Europe . ","line":15,"x":82.25099999999983,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"302.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Forest Biogeosciences and Forestry 11, 734 - 742.","line":16,"x":82.25099999999986,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"189.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Neiva DM, Araújo S, Gominho J, de Cássia Carneiro A, Pereira H (2018): An ","line":17,"x":68.03099999999986,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"316.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"composition, thermal properties and polar extracts activity . PloS One 13, ","line":19,"x":82.25099999999986,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"302.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Tanase C, Cosarca S, Toma F, Mare A, Cosarca A, Mare A (2018): Antibacterial ","line":21,"x":68.03099999999992,"y":298.1189000000002,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"pathogens . Rev Chim. 69, 1462 - 1467.","line":23,"x":82.25099999999992,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"143.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Vainio - Kaila T, Kyyhkynen A, Rautkari L, Siitonen A (2015): Antibacterial ","line":24,"x":68.03099999999989,"y":256.12490000000025,"width":"314.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus pneumoniae . ","line":26,"x":82.25099999999995,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"302.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"BioResources 10, 7763 - 7771.","line":27,"x":82.25099999999995,"y":214.13090000000025,"width":"112.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Vardar - Ünlü G, Candan F, Sökmen A, Daferera D, P olissiou M, Sökmen M ","line":28,"x":68.03099999999993,"y":200.09090000000026,"width":"317.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"(2003): Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol ","line":29,"x":82.24199999999993,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"302.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"extracts of Thymus pectinatus Fisch. et Mey. Var. pectinatus (Lamiaceae). J Agric ","line":30,"x":82.24199999999993,"y":172.13690000000025,"width":"300.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Food Chem. 51, 63- 67.","line":31,"x":82.25099999999992,"y":158.09690000000026,"width":"89.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Liu X, Zhao M, Wang J, Luo W (2009): Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of ","line":32,"x":68.03099999999993,"y":144.11990000000026,"width":"316.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"extraction . J Food Biochem 33, 307 - 330.","line":34,"x":82.25099999999989,"y":116.10290000000025,"width":"155.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Wetwitayaklung P, Thavanapong N, Charoenteeraboon J (2009): Chemical ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"carbon dioxide extraction . Silpakorn University Science and Technology ","line":6,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":522.0659,"width":"305.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Journal 3, 25- 33.","line":7,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"65.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Eller FJ, King JW (2000): Supercritical ca rbon dioxide extraction of cedarwood oil: a ","line":8,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"316.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"study of extraction parameters and oil characteristics. Phytochemical Analysis: ","line":9,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"300.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"11, 226 - 231.","line":11,"x":85.14000000000001,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"46.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Pasquini D, Pimenta MTB, Ferreira LH, da Silva C, Aprigio A (2005): Extraction ","line":12,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"314.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"of lignin from sugar cane bagasse and Pinus taeda wood chips using ethanol –","line":13,"x":85.14900000000006,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"300.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"water mixtures and carbon dioxide at high pressures . The Journal of ","line":14,"x":85.14900000000006,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"307.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"supercritical fluids 36, 31 - 39.","line":15,"x":85.14900000000006,"y":396.08390000000014,"width":"116.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"González - Vila FJ, Bautista JM, Gutierrez A, Del Rio J, González A (2000): ","line":16,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"316.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of lipids from Eucalyptus globulus wood . ","line":17,"x":85.14900000000009,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"302.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"J. Biochem Biophys Methods 43, 345 - 351.","line":18,"x":85.14900000000006,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"166.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Cao H, Xiao JB, Xu M (2007): Comparison of volatile components of Marchantia ","line":19,"x":70.93800000000002,"y":340.1129000000002,"width":"317.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"convoluta obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and petrol ether ","line":20,"x":85.158,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"300.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"Weise den Ertrag der angebauten Spezies (Hansen et al., 2015, 2017) . Außer -","line":24,"x":70.93800000000022,"y":275.8619000000002,"width":"311.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"dem wird Biochar aufgrund seiner absorbierenden Eigenschaften als vielver -","line":25,"x":70.94700000000023,"y":261.88490000000024,"width":"312.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"sprechende Methode betrachtet, mit der kontaminierende Stoffe im Boden im -","line":26,"x":70.94700000000023,"y":247.90790000000024,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"mobilisiert und deren Bioverfügbarkeit wirks am reduziert werden kann; zu ","line":27,"x":70.94700000000023,"y":233.86790000000025,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"(PAK) (Waqas, Khan, Qing, Reid, & Chao, 2014) und andere potenziell toxi -","line":29,"x":70.94700000000023,"y":205.91390000000024,"width":"310.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"sche Verbindungen wie z. B. Schwermetalle (Kadmium, Blei, Kupfer und Ni -","line":30,"x":70.94700000000023,"y":191.87390000000025,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"ckel) (Li et al., 2016). Diese Eigenschaften haben Biochar zu einem weltweit ","line":31,"x":70.94700000000023,"y":177.89690000000024,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"in den Ökosystemen der Erde und Verbesser ung der Klimabedingungen bei -","line":33,"x":70.94700000000023,"y":149.87990000000025,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"trägt (Panwar, Pawar, & Salvi, 2019) . Es sollte jedoch beachtet werden, dass ","line":34,"x":70.94700000000029,"y":135.90290000000024,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"die Anwendung von Biochar auf de m Boden , ohne vorherige angemessene ","line":35,"x":70.94700000000029,"y":121.92590000000024,"width":"311.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"Analyse seiner Charakterisierung, mit beträchtlichen Risiken einer Umwelt-","line":36,"x":70.95600000000024,"y":107.88590000000023,"width":"307.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"Celletti , Borruso , Valentinuzzi , Basso , Patuzzi , Baratieri , Cesco , Mimmo","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":608.58,"width":"248.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"können sich potenziell toxische Sto ffe bilden, die dann für die im Boden le -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":569.8199,"width":"314.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"benden Organismen bioverfügbar wären. Zu diesen gefährlichen Verbindun -","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":555.8429,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"Dibenzofurane [PCDF] und, polychlorierte Dibenzo - p - dioxine [PCDD ]) sowie ","line":5,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":527.8259,"width":"316.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"Polychlorbiphenyl (PCB) (Garcia - Perez & Metcalf, 2008).","line":6,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":513.8489000000001,"width":"230.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"Diese Studie verfolgt hauptsächlich das Ziel, die Eigenschaften der durch Ver -","line":7,"x":68.02200000000008,"y":499.8719000000001,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"zu untersuchen. Im Mittelpunkt stand die Evaluierung der chemischen Eigen -","line":9,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":471.8549000000001,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"schaften und die Nachhaltigkeit der Südtiroler Kohle, die als Bodenverbesse -","line":10,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":457.8779000000001,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"rungsmittel zur Erhöhung der Fruchtbarkeit eingesetzt werden soll. Diesbe -","line":11,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":443.8379000000001,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"züglich hat der Blick auf die ak tuelle Karte, die den Stand der Vergasungs-","line":12,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":429.86090000000013,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"technik in Südtirol zeigt, ermöglicht, die für die Erzeugung einer als Boden -","line":13,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":415.88390000000015,"width":"314.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"auszuwählen . Zudem wurde Kohle aus acht technologisch unterschiedl ichen ","line":15,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":387.86690000000016,"width":"316.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"und Dioxinen, um das phytotoxische P otenzial der Kohle zu evaluieren. ","line":19,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":331.8959000000002,"width":"319.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"Schließlich wurden Keim - und Wachstumstests zur Einschätzung der tatsäch -","line":20,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":317.8559000000002,"width":"312.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"zwar Mais und Kresse, da diese eine unterschiedliche Empfindlichkeit gegen -","line":22,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":289.90190000000024,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"üb er den ermittelten toxischen Stoffen aufweisen.","line":23,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":275.8619000000002,"width":"202.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Materialien und Methoden","line":24,"x":68.04,"y":232.02,"width":"148.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1 Ursprung und Eigenschaften der in Keim - und ","line":25,"x":68.04,"y":205.8,"width":"242.96","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"Monitoring - Kampagne ausge wählt wurden; aus Gründen der Vertraulichkeit ","line":28,"x":68.04,"y":158.043,"width":"316.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"A bis Technologie H. D ie Kohle wurde in den Labor s für Biobrennstoffe und ","line":30,"x":68.04,"y":130.026,"width":"311.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"Bioenergie der Freien Universität Bozen chemisch charakterisier t.","line":31,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":116.049,"width":"266.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Keim - und Phytotoxizitätstest","line":1,"x":279.48012,"y":599.403,"width":"103.63","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Der Aschegehalt wurde nach UNI EN ISO 18122:2016 bestimmt. Die Ele -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":569.8199,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"mentar analyse wurde nach UNI EN ISO 16948:2015 durchgeführt. Außerdem ","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":555.8429,"width":"316.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"(Methode: MI - 03 Rev. 13 2016), PCB und Dioxine (Methode: EPA 1668C 2010)","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":527.8259,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"sowie Schwermetalle (UNI EN 16174:2012 und UNI EN ISO 17294 - 2:2016), die ","line":7,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":513.8489000000001,"width":"314.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"2.2 Wachstum von Maispflanzen","line":9,"x":70.92,"y":473.58,"width":"158.85","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Auf einem mit 0,5 mM CaSO 4 befeuchteten Filterpapier ließ man Samen der ","line":10,"x":70.92,"y":453.66,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Maispflanze ( Zea mays L.) im Dunkeln keimen. Nach vier Tagen wurden mög -","line":11,"x":70.92,"y":439.863,"width":"312.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"lichst homogene Sämlinge in Gefäße mit 10 cm Durchme sser gesetzt; dann ließ ","line":12,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":425.823,"width":"316.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"gen wachsen (14/10 Stunden Licht/Dunkelheit, 24/19 °C, 70 % relative Feuch -","line":14,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":397.869,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"tigkeit und 250 mmol m - 2 s - 1 Lichtintensität). Die Gefäße wurden mit lehmig -","line":15,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":383.82,"width":"308.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"sandigem A grarboden gefüllt, der einem experimentellen Weinberg in der ","line":16,"x":70.923,"y":369.843,"width":"318.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"getrocknet und durch ein 4 - mm - Sieb passiert wurde. Im Zeitraum des Expe -","line":18,"x":70.923,"y":341.826,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"riments wurde die Bodenfeuchtigkeit bei 60 % der Wasse rretentionskapazität ","line":19,"x":70.923,"y":327.84900000000005,"width":"316.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"2.3 Wachstumstest","line":22,"x":70.92,"y":273.6,"width":"92.21","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Für die Phytotoxizitätstests mit Maispflanzen wurden drei verschiedene Ar -","line":23,"x":70.92,"y":253.86,"width":"314.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"ten von Kohle (aus den Technologien B, F und H) aufgrund ihrer chemischen ","line":24,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":239.82000000000002,"width":"316.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Eigenschaften ausgewählt. Vor der Saat wurde der Boden mit den drei ver -","line":25,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":225.84300000000002,"width":"314.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"vermischt: 8,5 e 17 g char kg Boden - 1 . Diese Konzentrationen wurden ausgewählt, ","line":27,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":197.64,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"sprachen. Für jede Behandlung wurden fünf biologische Replikate vorberei -","line":29,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":169.86599999999999,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Wurzeln getrennt wurden, und Proben des rhizosphärischen Bodens. Der ge -","line":33,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":113.83199999999998,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"samte Boden in den Gefäßen wurde als rhizosphärisch betracht et, da diese ","line":34,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":99.85499999999998,"width":"318.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"Celletti , Borruso , Valentinuzzi , Basso , Patuzzi , Baratieri , Cesco , Mimmo","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":608.58,"width":"248.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"komplett durchwurzelt waren. Der rhizosphärische Boden und die Blattge -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":569.8199,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"wicht erreichten, und dan ach für die späteren Untersuchungen aufbewahrt.","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":541.8659,"width":"306.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"2.4 Ermittlung des Chlorophyll gehalts","line":5,"x":68.04,"y":515.58,"width":"182.78","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"tragbaren, nicht -destruktiven Gerät, einem sogenannten SPAD (Akronym für ","line":7,"x":68.04,"y":481.863,"width":"317.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"„Soil Plant Analytical Development“) (SPAD - 502 Plus, Minolta, Osaka, Ja pan) ","line":8,"x":68.04,"y":467.823,"width":"316.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"der Chlorophyllgehalt bestimmt . Für jede Behandlung wurden fünf Mes sungen, ","line":9,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":453.846,"width":"316.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"dann der Mittelwert genommen und als SPAD -Index angege ben.","line":11,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":425.829,"width":"258.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"2.5 Analyse der Konzentrationen von Makro- und ","line":12,"x":68.04,"y":399.6,"width":"240.38","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"Mikronährstoffen in den Bl ättern","line":13,"x":93.54654000000002,"y":385.62246000000005,"width":"159.16","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"Kugelmühle (Mixer Mill, MM400, RETSCH, Italien) homogenisiert. Un gefähr ","line":15,"x":68.04,"y":351.843,"width":"316.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"0,3 g jeder Probe wurden unter Anwendung eines Mikrowellenauf schlussys-","line":16,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":337.86600000000004,"width":"314.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"tems mit einer Reaktionskam mer mit konzentrierter ultrapurer Sal petersäure ","line":17,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":323.826,"width":"316.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"(650 ml L - 1 ; Carlo Erba, Mailand, Italien) mineralisiert (Ultra WAVE, Milestone, ","line":18,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":309.84,"width":"317.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"Shelton, CT, USA). Die Konzentrationen der Makro- und Mikronährstoffe wur-","line":19,"x":68.04599999999996,"y":295.863,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"den dann durch ICP -OES - Analyse bestimmt (Arcos Ametek, Spectro, Deutsch -","line":20,"x":68.04599999999996,"y":281.823,"width":"314.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"als zertifiziertes externes Bezugsmaterial ver wendet.","line":22,"x":68.05499999999995,"y":253.869,"width":"209.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"2.6 Analyse des pH - Werts des rhizosphärischen Bodens ","line":23,"x":68.04,"y":227.58,"width":"283.29","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"Eine Bodendispersion in d estilliertem Wasser, zubereitet im Verhältnis Bo -","line":24,"x":68.04,"y":207.84,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"für 30 Minuten ruhen gelassen. D er pH - Wert des Bodens der Rhizosphäre ","line":26,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":179.823,"width":"318.07","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde potentiometrisch mit einem pH - Meter gemessen, indem die Elektro -","line":27,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":165.846,"width":"314.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"den in die k lare Lösung eingetaucht wurden.","line":28,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":151.869,"width":"183.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"Keim - und Phytotoxizitätstest","line":1,"x":279.48012,"y":599.403,"width":"103.63","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"2.7 Keimtest mit Kresse","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":569.58,"width":"115.44","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"Für die Keimtests wurden gewöhnliche Kressesamen ( Lepidium sativum L.), eine ","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":549.84,"width":"314.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"führt. Kurz gesagt, zehn Samen wurden in Petri schalen zu 100 mm auf eine ","line":8,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":493.86900000000014,"width":"314.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"Schicht aus Filterpapier (90 mm, Whatman 41, aschefrei) gelegt. Dann wurden ","line":9,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":479.8290000000001,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"1,2 mL Kohleextrakte in Wasser hinzugefügt und gleichzeitig einige Kontroll -","line":10,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":465.85200000000015,"width":"313.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde. Die Kohle wurde dabei mit destilliertem Wasser behandelt (Ex traktions -","line":12,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":437.83500000000015,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"verhältnis 1:20 Gewicht/Volumen), zwei Stunden geschüttelt, bei 5.000 g zentri -","line":13,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":423.8580000000002,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
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{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"likaten ± Standardfehler (SF) dargestellt. Es wurde eine einfaktorielle Va -","line":32,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":141.72299999999998,"width":"314.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Ergebnisse und Diskussion","line":4,"x":68.04,"y":512.04,"width":"154.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"3.1 Chemische Charakterisierung der Kohle","line":5,"x":68.04,"y":485.8199,"width":"214.39","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 1 – Analyse des Aschegehalts und Elementaranalyse der mit unterschiedlichen ","line":10,"x":68.04,"y":407.8799,"width":"278.28","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"Cd = Kadmium; Cr = Chrom; Zn = Zink; TEQ = Toxizitätsäquivalent (steht für die Gesamtkon -","line":14,"x":68.04,"y":104.7599,"width":"314.60","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"lgs., 29 aprile 2010, n. 75) einen Grenzwert für den Molquotienten von Was -","line":4,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":555.8429,"width":"306.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"In Anbetracht der in dieser Tabelle aufgeführten Werte hielten alle Kohlepro -","line":6,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":527.8259,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"gebung überschritten ( D. lgs., 29 aprile 2010, n. 75). Insbesondere für Verbin -","line":11,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":443.8379000000001,"width":"311.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Grenzwerte vorgegeben, ( D. lgs., 29 aprile 2010, n. 75; D. lgs. , 3 aprile 2006, n. ","line":13,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":415.88390000000015,"width":"312.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"152), wobei TS für Trockensubstanz steht: ","line":14,"x":70.94700000000003,"y":401.84390000000013,"width":"174.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"- PAK (Σ16 Moleküle) < 6 mg kg TS - 1 ;","line":15,"x":70.94700000000003,"y":387.84,"width":"148.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"- PCB < 0,06 mg kg TS - 1 ;","line":16,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":373.86,"width":"93.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"- Dioxine < 10 ng I - TEQ kg TS - 1","line":17,"x":70.923,"y":359.82,"width":"123.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"- Cd < 1,5 mg kg TS - 1 ;","line":18,"x":70.923,"y":345.84,"width":"83.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"- Cr < 0,5 mg kg TS - 1 ;","line":19,"x":70.917,"y":331.86,"width":"81.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"- Zn < 500 mg kg TS - 1","line":20,"x":70.923,"y":317.82,"width":"82.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Aus den Werten in Tabelle 2 ist klar ersichtlich , dass nur der PAK - Gehalt der ","line":21,"x":70.91700000000002,"y":291.837,"width":"317.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohle der Technologie C unter dem Grenzwert lag ( D. lgs. , 3 aprile 2006, n. ","line":22,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":277.86,"width":"311.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"152) , während alle anderen Kohleproben die Grenzwerte überschritten, teils ","line":23,"x":70.91699999999994,"y":263.82,"width":"317.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"bis zu einem Dreifachen . Im Gegensatz dazu hielten alle untersuch ten ","line":24,"x":70.91699999999994,"y":249.843,"width":"311.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohleproben die Grenzwerte der italienischen Gesetzgebung ( D. lgs., 3 aprile ","line":25,"x":70.91699999999992,"y":235.86599999999999,"width":"314.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"2006, n. 152) für die PCB - und Dioxinkonzentrationen ein.","line":26,"x":70.91699999999992,"y":221.826,"width":"230.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"sieben Kohleproben Cd -Konzentrationen zwischen 1,8 und 13,4 mg kg TS - 1 auf. ","line":28,"x":70.91699999999989,"y":193.68,"width":"314.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Nur vier Technologien (C, F, G und H) entsprachen den gesetzlichen Grenz -","line":29,"x":70.92299999999994,"y":179.82000000000002,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"werten (D. lgs. , 29 aprile 2010, n. 75) für Cd. Der Gehalt an Cr in den Kohle -","line":30,"x":70.92299999999994,"y":165.84300000000002,"width":"307.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"zwischen 0,7 und 15,5 mg kg TS - 1 und somit nicht unter dem gesetzlichen ","line":32,"x":70.92299999999989,"y":137.64,"width":"311.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Grenzwert (D. lgs., 29 aprile 2010, n. 75) . Die Kohleproben der Technologien A, ","line":33,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":123.84289999999999,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"B, C und H überstiegen außerdem die gesetzlichen Grenzwerte (D. lgs. , 29 aprile ","line":34,"x":70.91699999999994,"y":109.86589999999998,"width":"314.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"2010, n. 75) für Zn, wobei die Werte zwischen 511,1 und 1317,0 mg kg TS - 1 lagen.","line":35,"x":70.91699999999992,"y":95.64,"width":"311.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Celletti , Borruso , Valentinuzzi , Basso , Patuzzi , Baratieri , Cesco , Mimmo","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":608.58,"width":"248.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"den Grenzwerten der italienischen Gesetzgebung entspricht ( D. lgs. , 29 aprile ","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":555.8429,"width":"314.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"2010, n. 75; D. lgs. , 3 aprile 2006, n. 152) , auch wenn die Werte der mit den ","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":541.8659,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohle nicht direkt auf den Boden angewendet werden kan n; es ist daher eine ","line":7,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":499.8719000000001,"width":"317.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"3.2 Wirkung der Kohle auf das Wachstum der Maispflanzen: ","line":10,"x":68.04,"y":445.62,"width":"298.61","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Gehalt an Chlorophyll und an Makro- und ","line":11,"x":93.54654000000001,"y":431.57658,"width":"204.86","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"sig gemessene physiologische Variable ist di e Änderung des Chlorophyllge -","line":14,"x":68.04,"y":383.82,"width":"310.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"halts, die mit einem SPAD - Gerät gemessen wurde. Dieses biologische Experi -","line":15,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":369.843,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"ment half zu überprüfen, ob die dre i verschiedenen ausgewählten Kohlepro -","line":16,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":355.86600000000004,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb ildung 1 zeigt die während des Phytotoxizitätsexperiments gemachten ","line":18,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":327.84900000000005,"width":"314.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 3 enthält die Mittelwerte des in vier ve rschiedenen aufeinanderfolgen -","line":20,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":299.83200000000005,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"den Wochen gemessenen Chlorophyllgehalts in den Blättern der Maispflan -","line":21,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":285.8550000000001,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"zen. Abb ildung 2 zeigt die am Ende des Topfexperiments registrierten SPAD -","line":22,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":271.8780000000001,"width":"312.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"dem Be griff „Char“ etikettiert, gefolgt von einem Kleinbuchstaben, der die im ","line":24,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":243.86100000000008,"width":"316.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"und 5), die sich auf die Dosis der mit dem Boden vermischten Kohle bezieht ","line":26,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":215.84400000000008,"width":"315.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"(8,5 bzw. 17 g char kg Boden - 1 ).","line":27,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":201.66,"width":"102.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Während des Wachstums zeigten die Maispflanzen keine sichtbaren Toxizi -","line":28,"x":68.04,"y":187.863,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"tätssymptome. Der als SPAD - Index gemessene Chlorophyllgehalt in den Blät -","line":29,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":173.823,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"tern kennzeichnete sich jedoch durch einige Unterschiede. Die Pflanzen der ","line":30,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":159.846,"width":"314.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Kontrollgruppe wiesen am 09.05.18 die höchsten SPAD - Werte und am ","line":31,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":145.869,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"Keim - und Phytotoxizitätstest","line":1,"x":279.48012,"y":599.403,"width":"103.63","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"und F ver mischten Boden gewachsenen Pflanzen wiesen nur am 09.05.18 ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":569.8199,"width":"318.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"Werte auf, die zwischen denen der Kontrollpflanzen und denen der auf Boden ","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":555.8429,"width":"316.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"mit Zusatz der Kohle B gewachsenen Pflanzen lagen , unabhängig von der an-","line":5,"x":70.92,"y":541.8659,"width":"314.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 1 – Phytotoxizitätstest mit Maispflanzen . I m Laufe der Wachstumsphase wurden einige ","line":7,"x":70.92,"y":262.68,"width":"310.50","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"Pflanzen unterschiedlichen Konzentrationen von drei verschiedenen , mit den Technologien F, B ","line":8,"x":70.93404000000001,"y":253.68036,"width":"316.48","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"andere als Ko ntrolle dienten.","line":10,"x":70.93404000000001,"y":235.68108,"width":"92.10","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"SPAD - Wert auf (Tab . 3).","line":12,"x":70.92,"y":196.863,"width":"96.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"Am Ende des Experiments waren die SPAD - Werte des Chlorophyllgehalts in ","line":13,"x":70.92,"y":182.823,"width":"317.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"mit dem Boden vermischten Kohledo sis. Der gleiche Verlauf wurde auch für ","line":5,"x":68.04,"y":527.8259,"width":"317.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"di e Konzentration der Mikronährstoffe der Maisblätter (Abb. 4). Die Konzent -","line":13,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":415.88390000000015,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"deutlich bei Behandlung des Bodens mit allen Kohletypen außer H 2,5, unab -","line":15,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":387.86690000000016,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"bei der Kohle F 2,5 im Vergleich zur Kohle H 2,5, und für Zink (Zn) eine deut -","line":22,"x":68.06700000000006,"y":289.90190000000024,"width":"312.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"liche Verringerung b ei der Kohle F 5 im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe beo-","line":23,"x":68.06700000000006,"y":275.8619000000002,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"Es scheint daher, dass die vorliegenden Evidenzen einige Studien, die eine ","line":29,"x":68.06700000000006,"y":191.87390000000025,"width":"314.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"gen, nicht eindeutig bestätigen können (Abebe, Endalkachew, Mastawesha, & ","line":32,"x":68.06700000000018,"y":149.87990000000025,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"Gebermedihin, 2012; Prapagdee & Tawinteung, 2017) .","line":33,"x":68.06700000000015,"y":135.90290000000024,"width":"219.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb ildung 5 zeigt den pH - Wert, der im Boden der Kontrollgruppe und in den ","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":549.84,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"pflanzen für fünf Wochen angebaut wurden ; diese Substrate wurden durch ","line":6,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":521.8230000000001,"width":"307.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Mischung des Bodens mit den verschiedenen Konz entrationen der Kohle F, B ","line":7,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":507.8460000000001,"width":"316.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"In der Literatur ist bekannt, dass die beim Vergasungsprozess erreichten ho -","line":9,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":479.8290000000001,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"hen Temperaturen die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften der er -","line":10,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":465.85200000000015,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"zeugten Kohle stark beeinflussen (Al - Wabel, Al - Omran, El - Naggar, Nadeem, ","line":11,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":451.87500000000017,"width":"314.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"& Usman, 2013; Zhao, Cao, Mašek, & Zimmerman, 2013) . Der pH - Wert ist ","line":12,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":437.83500000000015,"width":"313.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"zum Beispiel generell alkalisch (Lehmann, 2007) . Aufgrund dieser Tatsache ","line":13,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":423.8580000000002,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"hat der Zusatz unterschiedlicher Kohleproben zum Boden auch in dieser Stu -","line":14,"x":70.9200000000001,"y":409.8810000000002,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"die den pH - Wert des Bodens um bis zu zwei Einheiten erhöht (Abb. 5). Die ","line":15,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":395.8410000000002,"width":"317.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 5 – pH - Wert des Mittels, das für fünf Wochen als Grundlage für das Wachstum der ","line":18,"x":70.92,"y":169.5,"width":"314.42","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Maispflanzen diente. Die Daten stellen die Mittelwerte ± SF (Standardfehler) von fünf unabhängigen ","line":19,"x":70.92,"y":160.50036,"width":"316.40","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Pflanzen für jede Behandlung dar. Verschiedene Buchstaben stehen für statistisch unterschiedliche ","line":20,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":151.50072,"width":"316.38","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"Celletti , Borruso , Valentinuzzi , Basso , Patuzzi , Baratieri , Cesco , Mimmo","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":608.58,"width":"248.68","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"3.4 Einfluss der Kohle auf die Keimung von Kressesamen","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":569.58,"width":"283.06","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb ildung 6 zeigt die Werte des anhand von Keimtests mit Kressesam en ","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":549.84,"width":"312.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"erzielten Keimindex . Dieser Parameter berücksichtigt sowohl die Anzahl der ","line":4,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":535.863,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"gekeim ten Samen als auch die Wurzelverlängerung. Diese Tests wurden ","line":5,"x":68.04899999999994,"y":521.8230000000001,"width":"314.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"durchge führt, um zu evaluieren, ob es während der Inkubation der Samen in ","line":6,"x":68.03999999999992,"y":507.8460000000001,"width":"317.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"enthalten, da sowohl die Art der Biomasse als auch die Prozessparameter der ","line":15,"x":68.03999999999992,"y":381.8640000000002,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"können (Ndirangu, Liu, Xu, Song, & Zhang, 2019; Tomczyk, Sokołowska, & ","line":17,"x":68.04899999999994,"y":353.8470000000002,"width":"313.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 6 – Keimindex der Kressesamen, die mit den wässrigen Extrakten der von den Technologien ","line":19,"x":68.04,"y":157.62,"width":"314.61","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"F, B und H erzeugten Kohle in Berührung kamen. Die Daten stellen die Mittelwerte ± SF ","line":20,"x":68.04702,"y":148.62036,"width":"318.89","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"(Standardfehler) von f ünf unabhängige n Pflanzen für jede Behandlung dar. Verschiedene ","line":21,"x":68.04701999999999,"y":139.62072,"width":"300.20","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"4. Schlussfolgerungen","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":569.9999,"width":"115.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"Das wichtigste Ziel dieser Arbeit bestand darin, Informationen über die Mög -","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":544.02,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"lichkeit einer Nutzung von Kohle aus Vergasungsprozessen zu landwirt -","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":530.043,"width":"314.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"Zu diesem Zweck wurden acht Kohleproben aus Anlagen mit unterschiedli -","line":7,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":502.026,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"keine Kohle die von der italienischen Gesetzgebung vorgesehenen Grenz -","line":12,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":432.0780000000001,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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|
||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"152) . Insbesondere überschreiten bei allen Kohleproben die Werte der PAK ","line":14,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":404.0610000000001,"width":"318.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"und der drei Schwermetalle (Cd, Cr und Zn) die gesetzlichen Grenzwerte, un -","line":15,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":390.0840000000001,"width":"312.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"ter Ausnahme der Kohle der Technologie C, was den PAK - Gehalt anbelangt, ","line":16,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":376.0440000000001,"width":"317.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"lässt a uf die Notwendigkeit schließen, Lösungen für eine Nachbehandlung zu ","line":18,"x":70.911,"y":348.09000000000015,"width":"316.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Ergebnisse der bisher an den Pflanzen durchgeführten Tests weisen da -","line":20,"x":70.911,"y":320.07300000000015,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"lichen phytotoxischen Wirkungen a uf die Maispflanzen haben. Es müssten je -","line":22,"x":70.911,"y":292.05600000000015,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"werden, um die hier vorgestellten Ergebnisse bestätigen zu können. Außer -","line":24,"x":70.911,"y":264.1020000000002,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"eine beachtliche Menge an Biokohle (1300 t/Ja hr) entsteht. Je nach Herkunft und Holz -","line":17,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":256.30487999999997,"width":"320.07","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"finanziert vom Europäischen Fond für Regionale Entwick lung (EFRE), wurde daher in ","line":20,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":215.79839999999996,"width":"322.91","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"und seine Eignung für den Einsatz in der Landwirtschaft zu prüfen. Es sollten erste Er -","line":22,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":188.79407999999995,"width":"320.20","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"gebnisse zu seiner möglichen Nutzung in der lokalen L andwirtschaft, insbesondere im ","line":23,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":175.29191999999995,"width":"322.94","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"Obst - und Weinbau ermittelt werden. Letzterer Teil des Projektes wird hier vorgestellt. ","line":24,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":161.78975999999994,"width":"316.09","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Arbeiten haben einige interessante Aspekte der Anwendung von Biochar aufge -","line":25,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":148.28759999999994,"width":"320.13","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"zeigt, so die Anreicherung der Böden mit Mineralstoffen, die Anhebung des pH - Wertes ","line":26,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":134.78543999999994,"width":"319.91","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"dert geblieben ist. Die Ausbringung von reinem Biochar oder von mit Kompost ange -","line":29,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":94.27895999999993,"width":"319.15","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"reichertem Biochar in Rebanlagen, ohne weitere Stickstoffdüngung, hat die Stickstoff -","line":2,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":561.4237800000001,"width":"320.16","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"verfügbarkeit der Böden nicht signifikant verändert. Auch auf die vegetative Entwick -","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":547.9216200000001,"width":"320.09","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"Boden pH - Wertes, zur Verbesserung der Wasserspeicherkapazität der Böden oder um ","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":507.41514000000006,"width":"323.06","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"gen auf die Ertragshöhe oder die Qualität der Trauben und Weine zu befürchten wären. ","line":8,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":480.41082000000006,"width":"326.60","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"Erträge durch den Einsatz von Biochar festgestellt werden. Im Boden der Apfelanlage ","line":11,"x":68.04798000000002,"y":439.90434000000005,"width":"322.28","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde eine höhere Stickstoff - und Wasserverfügbarkeit als in den Rebanlagen ange -","line":12,"x":68.04798000000002,"y":426.40218000000004,"width":"316.53","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"Bedingungen, durc h sein hohes Speichervermögen, zu einer ausgeglicheneren Versor -","line":14,"x":68.05595999999997,"y":399.39786000000004,"width":"320.11","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"1. Einleitung","line":16,"x":68.04,"y":342.42,"width":"62.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"reich an Kohlenstoff. Wird es in den Boden eingearbeitet, kann es die Ertr äge ","line":18,"x":68.04,"y":302.463,"width":"322.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"steigern, die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften der Böden verbes -","line":19,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":288.48600000000005,"width":"320.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"interessanten Produkt für die Landwirtschaft, da die höheren Temperaturen ","line":22,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":246.49200000000005,"width":"320.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"und die ausgeprägteren Trockenphasen infolge der Klimaänderung den Ab -","line":23,"x":68.03100000000002,"y":232.45200000000006,"width":"320.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"bau der organischen Substanz in den Böden beschleunigen und die Boden -","line":24,"x":68.031,"y":218.47500000000005,"width":"320.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"fruchtbarkeit beeinträchtigen (Kirschbaum, 1995). Es werden daher auch in ","line":25,"x":68.031,"y":204.49800000000005,"width":"322.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"Landwirtschaft vorhergesagt (Cammarano, 2019; Ray, 2019). Über den An -","line":27,"x":68.031,"y":176.48100000000005,"width":"320.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"extremer Klimaereignisse zu erwarten, sow ie in der Folge eine höhere Boden -","line":29,"x":68.031,"y":148.46400000000006,"width":"320.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"erosion, welche sich zusätzlich negativ auf die Fruchtbarkeit und die Produk -","line":30,"x":68.031,"y":134.48700000000005,"width":"320.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"tivität der Kulturen auswirken wird. Die Nutzung von Biochar zur Bodenver -","line":31,"x":68.031,"y":120.51000000000005,"width":"320.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Bi o char von großem Interesse, da es Kohlenstoff langfristig festzulegen ver mag: ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":547.263,"width":"322.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Herstellung von Biochar mi ttels Pyrolyse, durch die Bildung stabiler Strukturen ","line":5,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":519.2460000000001,"width":"322.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"den. Bei der Verbrennung derselben organischen Ausgangsmas se oder beim bi -","line":7,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":491.2290000000001,"width":"320.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"ologischen Abbau, würden nur 3 –10 % längerfrist ig festge legt. Unmittelbar bei ","line":8,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":477.2520000000001,"width":"323.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"größtenteils freigesetzt. Beim biologischen Abbau er folgt die Freisetzung des ","line":10,"x":70.91999999999993,"y":449.2350000000001,"width":"324.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohlenstoffes in einem Zeitraum von drei bis zehn Jahren (Lehmann et al. , ","line":11,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":435.25800000000015,"width":"322.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"festlegen (Sánchez -García et al. 2015; Steiner et al., 2010; Ventura et al. 2013) und ","line":13,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":407.24100000000016,"width":"322.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"die verfügbaren Ammoniumionen für die Nitri fizierungsprozesse reduzieren ","line":14,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":393.2640000000002,"width":"322.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"(Clough et al. , 2010; Taghizadeh -Toosi et al., 2012). ","line":15,"x":70.91999999999987,"y":379.2870000000002,"width":"201.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"den Pflanzen zur Verfügung zu stellen und reduziert den Teil, der ausgewa -","line":17,"x":70.91999999999985,"y":351.2700000000002,"width":"320.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"schen wird oder als N2O in die Atmosphäre entweicht und dadurc h den ","line":18,"x":70.91999999999985,"y":337.29300000000023,"width":"324.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"eine neue Möglichkeit an, um signifikant und langfristig die CO2 Konzentra -","line":20,"x":70.91999999999985,"y":309.27600000000024,"width":"320.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Energieaufwand zu transportieren. Vielmehr gilt es vor Ort, aus lokal vor -","line":23,"x":70.91999999999985,"y":267.28200000000027,"width":"320.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"1.1 Auswirkungen des Einsatzes von Biochar in Reb - und ","line":29,"x":70.92,"y":171,"width":"278.92","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"und generativer Entwicklung der Reben aufrecht zu erhalten und die optima -","line":33,"x":70.92,"y":109.26599999999999,"width":"320.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"le Ver s orgung der Trauben zu gewährleisten. In Jahren mit extremen Klimasi -","line":34,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":95.22599999999998,"width":"320.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"wird, wo es möglich ist, die Zusatzbewä s serung eingesetzt. Aber Wasser für ","line":4,"x":68.04,"y":533.2230000000001,"width":"323.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"zu er w arten ist, wo bereits jetzt die Bodenfruchtbarkeit nur schwer aufrecht -","line":8,"x":68.031,"y":477.2520000000001,"width":"319.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"erhalten werden kann und die angestrebten Erträge nicht mehr erzielt wer -","line":9,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":463.27500000000015,"width":"320.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"auf die Weinqualität hat. Es gilt z. B. zu klären, was in feuchten Jahren mit ","line":11,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":435.25800000000015,"width":"323.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"überdurchschnittlich hohen Niederschlägen passiert, ob in solchen Fällen ne -","line":12,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":421.2810000000002,"width":"320.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"allem ob sich die Weinqualität dabei in irgendeiner Weise verä n dert. Schmidt ","line":14,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":393.2640000000002,"width":"322.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"und dass auch keine Auswirkungen auf die Qualitätsparameter der Moste er -","line":17,"x":68.03099999999989,"y":351.2700000000002,"width":"320.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"kennbar waren. Holweg ( 2 019) hat erhöhte hefeverfügbare Stickstoffgehalte ","line":18,"x":68.03099999999989,"y":337.29300000000023,"width":"324.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"festgestellt, in Trauben aus mit Biochar angereicherten Parzellen; ein ausrei -","line":19,"x":68.02199999999988,"y":323.2530000000002,"width":"320.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"stellt Bausteine für den Aufbau von Aromastoffen zur Ver fügung. Die Einar -","line":21,"x":68.02199999999988,"y":295.29900000000026,"width":"320.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"(2015) in der Toskana deutlich bessere Erträge in Jahren mit anhaltenden Tro -","line":23,"x":68.02199999999988,"y":267.28200000000027,"width":"320.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"die Qualität s parameter der Trauben sich nicht verschlechtert. In Hanglagen ","line":25,"x":68.02199999999988,"y":239.26500000000027,"width":"324.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"und von phytosanitären Anwendungen (Blackwell , 2000). Ergebnisse zu den ","line":28,"x":68.02199999999988,"y":197.27100000000027,"width":"320.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"In den Obstanlagen stellt eventuell vorhandene Bodenmüdigkeit beim Erneu -","line":30,"x":68.02199999999993,"y":169.31700000000026,"width":"320.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"Hagelne t zen ausgestatteten Anlagen erfolgt der Anbau häufig langfristig im ","line":32,"x":68.02199999999993,"y":141.30000000000027,"width":"323.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"alten Baumstreifen ausgepflanzt. Bisher ige Versuche mit Biochar im Apfelan -","line":35,"x":68.02199999999993,"y":99.30600000000025,"width":"320.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"bau zeigen unterschiedliche Ergebnisse: Laut Wang et al. (2019), ist der Ein -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":561.24,"width":"320.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"satz von Biochar gerade bei Nachbauproblemen sehr vorteilhaft, das Wachs -","line":3,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":547.263,"width":"320.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"tum der Jungbäume wird verbessert und auch die Mikroorganismenpopulat i -","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":533.2230000000001,"width":"320.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"on des Bodens wird günstig beeinflusst. Versuche von Eyles et al. (2015) hat -","line":5,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":519.2460000000001,"width":"320.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"ten allerdings ergeben, dass in „hight imput systems“ wie es die heutigen Ap -","line":6,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":505.2690000000001,"width":"320.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"felanlagen sind, der Einsatz von Kompost oder Biochar keine zusätzlichen po -","line":7,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":491.2290000000001,"width":"320.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"sitiven Auswirkungen bri n gen würde.","line":8,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":477.2520000000001,"width":"156.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"1.2 Ziele der Versuche ","line":9,"x":70.92,"y":451.02,"width":"112.81","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Die hier vorgestellten Versuche hatten zum Ziel erste Ergebnisse zur Anwen -","line":10,"x":70.92,"y":431.22,"width":"320.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"dung von Biochar in Reb - und Obstanlagen in Südtirol zu gewinnen. Im ","line":11,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":417.24300000000005,"width":"320.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Weinbau sollten insbesondere die Auswirkung auf die Trauben - und Wein -","line":12,"x":70.929,"y":403.2660000000001,"width":"316.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"qualität ge p rüft werden, um abzuklären ob diesbezüglich negative Effekte be -","line":13,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":389.22600000000006,"width":"320.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Im Obstbau wurde der Versuch in einer Apfeljunganlage durch g eführt, da ","line":16,"x":70.92899999999995,"y":347.2320000000001,"width":"324.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Nachbauprobleme infolge von Bodenmüdigkeit nach wie nicht zufriedenstel -","line":17,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":333.2550000000001,"width":"320.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"lend gut überwunden werden können. Biochar mit seinen günstigen Auswir -","line":18,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":319.27800000000013,"width":"320.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"auch in diesem Zusammenhang e in geeignetes Mittel sein. Weiters kann beim ","line":20,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":291.26100000000014,"width":"322.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Neuanpflanzungen das Char direkt in den Wurzelbereich der Bäume einge -","line":22,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":263.24400000000014,"width":"320.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"bracht werden. Es sollten vor allem die Auswirkungen auf die Entwicklun g","line":23,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":249.26700000000014,"width":"320.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"schlagen wird (Kammann et al., 2015) e r forderlich ist oder ob in Rebanlagen ","line":27,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":193.29600000000013,"width":"323.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"kann. Letzteres wäre weit weniger aufwändig. Weiters wurden in den Reban -","line":29,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":165.27900000000014,"width":"320.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"op t imale Anwendungsmenge geben zu können. ","line":31,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":137.26200000000014,"width":"199.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Materialien und Methoden","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":561.42,"width":"148.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1 Versuchsstandorte","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":535.2,"width":"109.06","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 1 – Südtirolkarte mit den Versuchsstandorten ","line":4,"x":68.04,"y":327,"width":"163.21","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"Hanglagen in der Nähe der Stadt Meran; d i e Apfelneuanlage (3) befindet sich ","line":6,"x":68.04,"y":295.08,"width":"322.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"Wiederh .","line":13,"x":401.28,"y":541.98,"width":"37.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"~600 m Vitis vinifera cv. ","line":16,"x":236.52,"y":508.86,"width":"81.89","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"~550 m Vitis vinifera cv. ","line":23,"x":238.44,"y":477.18,"width":"81.89","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Bloc k 65 Laimburg 46°23'23.16\"N ","line":28,"x":72.54,"y":445.74,"width":"122.37","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"~225 m Malus domestica","line":30,"x":238.44,"y":445.74,"width":"81.83","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"N Kontrolle unbehandelt","line":33,"x":82.98,"y":194.04,"width":"98.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"C Kompost, 3,9 kg/m² Standraum der Rebe","line":34,"x":83.46,"y":179.88,"width":"171.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
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||
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||
{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"B2C Biochar, 5 kg/m² + Kompost, 3,9 kg/m² Standraum der Rebe","line":38,"x":78.9,"y":123.48,"width":"258.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"N Kontrolle unbehandelt","line":2,"x":82.68,"y":303.36,"width":"88.98","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"C Kompost, 3,9 kg/m Rebreihe","line":3,"x":83.16,"y":289.2,"width":"108.64","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"B2 Biochar, 5 k g/m Rebreihe","line":5,"x":81.54,"y":260.88,"width":"100.45","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"B1C Biochar, 2,5kg/m + Kompost, 3,9 kg/m Rebreihe","line":6,"x":78.6,"y":246.78,"width":"189.28","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"B2C Biochar, 5 kg/m + Kompost, 3,9 kg/m Rebreihe","line":7,"x":78.6,"y":232.62,"width":"185.16","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 3 – Versuchsplan Anlage Weißplatter","line":8,"x":71.58,"y":205.08,"width":"133.74","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"25 31 37 43","line":10,"x":80.3619064,"y":533.297154,"width":"26.99","height":"6.39","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"C C B2C B2","line":13,"x":78.1298863999999,"y":475.3739079999999,"width":"28.69","height":"6.39","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"27 33 45","line":14,"x":80.3874151999999,"y":455.8146619999999,"width":"20.24","height":"6.39","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"B2 B2C B1 B2C","line":15,"x":78.13626359999988,"y":436.25541599999985,"width":"38.95","height":"6.39","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"N B1 B1C B1","line":19,"x":78.16177239999978,"y":358.01843199999973,"width":"31.63","height":"6.39","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"30 36 42 48","line":20,"x":80.41930119999977,"y":338.4591859999997,"width":"26.99","height":"6.39","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"* Die weiteren Varianten im Ver such betreffen andere Produkte zur Verbesserung des ","line":2,"x":70.92269999999996,"y":283.49904000000004,"width":"321.48","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 4 – Versuchsp lan Block 65 ","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":242.64,"width":"101.97","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"N Kontrolle unbehandelt","line":5,"x":81.3,"y":335.22,"width":"88.98","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"C Kompost , 1 , 8 kg/Pflanzloch","line":6,"x":81.78,"y":321.18,"width":"103.10","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"BC Biochar, 1 kg + Kompost, 1,8 kg/Pflanzloch","line":7,"x":79.26,"y":307.2,"width":"166.15","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"2.2 Versuche","line":8,"x":70.92,"y":203.58,"width":"62.98","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Das im Versuch verwendete Biochar kommt aus einer Holzvergasungsanlage ","line":9,"x":70.92,"y":183.78,"width":"320.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"ne kein geeignetes Produkt verfügbar war. Es handelte sich um ein Neben -","line":11,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":155.826,"width":"320.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"produkt aus der Holzvergasung welches sehr f einkörnig bis pulverförmig war ","line":12,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":141.786,"width":"322.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"und dessen chemische Eigenschaften in Tabelle 2 ersichtlich sind. Der Kom -","line":13,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":127.809,"width":"320.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Bei den Versuchen in den Rebanlagen wurden zw ei Dosierungen des Biochars ","line":15,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":99.79199999999999,"width":"322.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"A B C D","line":16,"x":81.5871,"y":562.759,"width":"16.28","height":"6.20","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"10 4 3 6","line":17,"x":86.36717619999999,"y":529.6869338,"width":"18.07","height":"6.20","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"9 8 2 9","line":18,"x":89.9511262,"y":513.1478000000001,"width":"14.54","height":"6.20","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
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||
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||
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||
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||
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||
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|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"eing esetzt und zwar 2,5 (Biochar 1) und 5,0 kg (Biochar 2) des Biochars pro m² ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":561.24,"width":"322.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"a ls auch in Mischung mit Kompost, mit jeweils 3,9 kg/m² Standraum der Re -","line":5,"x":68.04,"y":519.2460000000001,"width":"319.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"ben bzw. pro Laufmeter der Rebzeile, ausgebracht. Die Dosierung des Kom -","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":505.2690000000001,"width":"320.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"posts blieb somit immer gleich. In der Apfelneuanlage wurde nur eine Dosie -","line":7,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":491.2290000000001,"width":"320.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"rung Biochar von einem kg mit jeweils 1,8 kg Kompost vermischt, pro P flanz-","line":8,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":477.2520000000001,"width":"314.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
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|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"riante Kompost, bei der nur die 1,8 kg Kompost pro Pflanzloch ausgebracht ","line":10,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":449.2350000000001,"width":"322.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"wu rd en zwei Wochen vor der Ausbrin gung mit einem Kleinbagger herge -","line":12,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":421.2810000000002,"width":"320.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"lumen des Bio chars und des Komposts, bzw. der jeweiligen Mischungen, ","line":14,"x":68.04899999999986,"y":393.2640000000002,"width":"325.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"und m öglichst gleichmäßig verteilt. Die Tabelle 3 zeigt die C: N- Verhältnisse ","line":16,"x":68.03999999999985,"y":365.2470000000002,"width":"322.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
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||
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||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"pH CaCl2 9,6 1","line":22,"x":73.38,"y":274.92,"width":"48.23","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"N 0,1 % m/m 2","line":23,"x":73.38,"y":255.12,"width":"46.88","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"NO3 - N Wasser < 0,1 % m/m 3","line":24,"x":73.38,"y":235.56,"width":"99.39","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"P2O5 Säuren 0,3 % m/m 4","line":26,"x":73.38,"y":196.5,"width":"85.12","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"P2O5 Wasser < 0,1 % m/m 4","line":27,"x":73.38,"y":176.94,"width":"92.38","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"K2O Säuren 3,5 % m/m 4","line":28,"x":73.38,"y":157.38,"width":"82.00","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"K2O Wasser 3,5 % m/m 4","line":29,"x":73.38,"y":137.82,"width":"83.03","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"CaO Säuren 4,2 % m/m 4","line":30,"x":73.38,"y":118.26,"width":"81.90","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Cao Wasser < 0,1 % m/m 4","line":31,"x":73.38,"y":98.76,"width":"87.25","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":124,"change":"Addition","str":"Mangan (Abb . 15) und Kupfer (A b b . 16) sind die einzigen Elemente, die infol -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":561.24,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":125,"change":"Addition","str":"Obwohl die Verfügbarkeit verschiedener Elemente laut Bodenanalysen deut -","line":8,"x":70.92,"y":297.78000000000003,"width":"320.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":125,"change":"Addition","str":"lich verbessert wurde, zeigten sich in der Ertragsanlage Moarhof kaum Aus -","line":9,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":283.80300000000005,"width":"317.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":125,"change":"Addition","str":"des Borgehaltes im Juni 2019 (Abb . 18), keine signifikant unterschiedlichen ","line":11,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":255.78600000000003,"width":"320.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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{"page":125,"change":"Addition","str":"derungen im Bo d en durch die Einbringung des Biochars, traten aber auch ","line":13,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":227.76900000000003,"width":"324.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":126,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 18 – Relat ive Bor Menge i n den Blättern im Juni 2019; verschiedene Buchstaben weisen auf ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":405,"width":"320.00","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":126,"change":"Addition","str":"einen signifikanten Unterschied zwischen den Behandlungen hin (p<0,05), (N = unbehandelte Kon -","line":3,"x":68.03298000000002,"y":396.00036,"width":"320.27","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":126,"change":"Addition","str":"In keinem Falle traten U nterschiede im Re ifeverlauf der einzelnen Versuchs -","line":6,"x":68.04,"y":354.18,"width":"316.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":126,"change":"Addition","str":"stattgefunden, bei einem Zuckergehalt von 16 - 17 °KMW (Babo). Im ersten","line":10,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":292.143,"width":"320.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":126,"change":"Addition","str":"Versuchsjahr dez imierte ein s t arker Spätfrost am 21.04.2017 den Ertrag stark. ","line":11,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":278.166,"width":"323.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":126,"change":"Addition","str":"Trauben vor der Ertragsregulierung war bei den einzelnen Ver s uchsvarianten ","line":14,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":236.17200000000003,"width":"322.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":126,"change":"Addition","str":"ident. Bei der Ernte wurden keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede fest -","line":15,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":222.19500000000002,"width":"320.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":126,"change":"Addition","str":"gestellt (Tab. 4, Abb. 19). ","line":16,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":208.15500000000003,"width":"98.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":126,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 19 – Ernte 2019: die einzelnen Versuchparzellen wurden getrennt geernt et .","line":17,"x":68.04,"y":98.22,"width":"254.91","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 4 – Tr aubenertrag p ro Rebe der Behandlungen: in keinem der drei Versuchsjahre wurde ein ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":565.08,"width":"317.55","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"2017 2018 2019","line":7,"x":154.08,"y":499.74,"width":"55.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"N 1,25 2,96 1,61 ","line":8,"x":78.36,"y":477.72,"width":"55.80","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"C 1,51 2,81 1,71 ","line":9,"x":78.36,"y":461.46,"width":"54.83","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"B1 1,49 3,10 1,83","line":10,"x":78.36,"y":445.2,"width":"52.26","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"B2 1,44 2,5 7 1,62 ","line":11,"x":78.36,"y":429,"width":"56.18","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"B1C 1,41 2,98 1,79 ","line":12,"x":78.36,"y":412.74,"width":"66.05","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"B2C 1,34 3,31 1,52 ","line":13,"x":78.36,"y":396.48,"width":"66.05","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"Das Gewicht des einjährigen Schnittholzes ergibt einen Hinweis auf die Inten -","line":15,"x":70.92,"y":356.937,"width":"320.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"sität des vegetativen Wachstums der Reben während der gesamten Vegetati -","line":16,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":342.96000000000004,"width":"320.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"ons periode. Es wurde da her gleich nach dem Rebschnitt gesammelt und ge -","line":17,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":328.98300000000006,"width":"316.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":127,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 20 – Schnittholzgewichte pro Rebe der einzelnen Versuchsvarianten : Es wurde kein signifikan -","line":20,"x":70.92,"y":121.6801,"width":"317.00","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Moste der Trauben der einzelnen Versuchsvarianten wiesen vor der Gä -","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":547.26,"width":"320.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"rung keine signifikanten Unterschiede auf, in ke inem de r drei Versuchsjahre ","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":533.22,"width":"320.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"( Tab. 5).","line":5,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":519.243,"width":"30.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 21. Mikrovinifikation der Moste der ","line":6,"x":68.04,"y":345.42,"width":"137.19","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 22 – Abfüllung der Weine etwa 8 Monate nach der ","line":9,"x":218.82,"y":345.42,"width":"177.09","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Wer te der Moste der einzel nen Ver s uchsvarianten unterschieden sich ","line":11,"x":68.04,"y":308.58,"width":"325.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"waren 2017 am höchsten, wohl infolge der erfolgten Bodenbearbeitu ng des ","line":14,"x":68.031,"y":266.586,"width":"324.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"a nsonsten langfristig unbearbeiteten, dauerbegrünten Bodens.","line":15,"x":68.031,"y":252.609,"width":"253.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 5 – Inhaltsstoffe der Moste zur Ernte","line":16,"x":68.04,"y":230.46,"width":"137.97","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"Zucker, °KMW (Babo) pH - Wert","line":19,"x":138.54330000000002,"y":212.28318000000002,"width":"112.98","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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|
||
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||
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||
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|
||
{"page":128,"change":"Addition","str":"B2 16,07 1 7 ,01 16,46 3,3 3,34 3,33 ","line":24,"x":68.04,"y":139.08,"width":"107.42","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
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||
{"page":129,"change":"Addition","str":"Gesamtsäure (g/l) HVS (mg/l)","line":4,"x":144.83993999999998,"y":561.96642,"width":"106.02","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
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||
{"page":129,"change":"Addition","str":"C 5,96 4,73 6,21 123 75,5 75,5","line":7,"x":76.32,"y":517.98,"width":"98.05","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":129,"change":"Addition","str":"B1C 6,19 4,68 5,7 158 58,5 57,5","line":10,"x":76.32,"y":474.06,"width":"103.21","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":129,"change":"Addition","str":"B2C 6,37 4,87 5,78 163,5 80,5 72,5","line":11,"x":76.32,"y":459.42,"width":"113.52","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":129,"change":"Addition","str":"Etwa 7 Monate nach der Gärung wurden die Verkostungen durchgeführt. Da -","line":12,"x":70.92,"y":429.53999999999996,"width":"320.13","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":129,"change":"Addition","str":"bei wur den di e einzelnen Weine der verschiedenen Versuchsvarianten nicht ","line":13,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":415.563,"width":"320.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":129,"change":"Addition","str":"Komplexität und Typi zität und eine eher schl echter e Bewertung der Weine ","line":16,"x":70.92000000000003,"y":373.569,"width":"320.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":129,"change":"Addition","str":"der Kompostvariante in der Bewertung der Harmonie und des Gesamteindru -","line":17,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":359.59200000000004,"width":"320.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"düngt wurde und dabei auch eine angemessene Stickstoffgabe erhielt. Die ","line":8,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":477.2520000000001,"width":"320.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"Re b anlagen hingegen wiesen ausreichende Humusgehalte und Nährstoffver -","line":9,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":463.27500000000015,"width":"320.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"sor gung auf, so dass auf jegliche Düngung im Versuchszeitraum ve rzichtet ","line":10,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":449.2350000000001,"width":"322.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"wor den war. Die Nm in Gehalte, also die Gehalte an pflanzenverfügbarem ","line":11,"x":68.05799999999994,"y":435.25800000000015,"width":"320.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"Stick stoff in den Versuchsparzellen der Rebanlagen waren im ersten Ver -","line":12,"x":68.049,"y":421.2810000000002,"width":"320.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"suchsjahr, infolge der Bodenbearbeitung für die Einbringung der Bodenzu -","line":13,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":407.24100000000016,"width":"320.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"satzstoffe der ansonsten langjäh rig vollkommen unbearbeiteten B öden, er -","line":14,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":393.2640000000002,"width":"320.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"kennbar erhöht in allen Varianten. Aber bereits im Folgejahr sanken die Nmin ","line":15,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":379.2870000000002,"width":"320.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"fortan um und un ter 20 kg Nmin/ha. Die Einbringung auch beachtlicher Men -","line":17,"x":68.06700000000001,"y":351.2700000000002,"width":"320.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"gen an Biochar und an Bi ochar mit Kompost führte in diese n Rebanlagen zwar ","line":18,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":337.29300000000023,"width":"320.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"nachhaltig ver änderter Stickstoffverfügbarkeit für die Reben. In der Folge war ","line":20,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":309.27600000000024,"width":"322.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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|
||
{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"sächlich a uch nicht ein. Für den Weinbau ist dies ein durchaus erfreuliches ","line":22,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":281.25900000000024,"width":"324.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"Qualitätsweinbau unerwünscht sind, da sie sich negati v auf die Trauben - und ","line":24,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":253.30500000000026,"width":"319.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"Weinq ual ität auswirken. Wird also eine Anw endung von Biochar zur pH -","line":25,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":239.26500000000027,"width":"319.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"Wertsteigerung erwogen oder soll primär eine Verbesserung des Wasserhal -","line":26,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":225.28800000000027,"width":"320.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"in den Boden ein gebr acht werden, so braucht man dab ei keine Bedenken ha -","line":28,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":197.27100000000027,"width":"320.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"ben, es könnte dadurch zu Wachstumsschüben oder negativen Auswirkungen ","line":29,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":183.29400000000027,"width":"322.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"auf die Wein qualität kommen. Im Umkehrschluss gilt aber, dass dort wo man ","line":30,"x":68.0759999999999,"y":169.31700000000026,"width":"322.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"im Weinbau tatsächlich eine Verbesserung der Wachstumssitu ation braucht, ","line":31,"x":68.0759999999999,"y":155.27700000000027,"width":"324.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"die Zugabe vo n r einem Biochar oder von Biochar mit K ompost allein, sofern ","line":32,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":141.30000000000027,"width":"323.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":142,"change":"Addition","str":"dürfte, um ausreichende Auswirkungen zu erzielen. In diesen Fällen ist es an -","line":34,"x":68.07599999999994,"y":113.28300000000026,"width":"317.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"gezeigt, das Biochar intensiver mit Stick sto ff anzureichern, etwa durch Kom -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":561.24,"width":"320.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"Gehalte im Boden gefunden, insgesamt lagen die Nmin Werte dort aber deut -","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":519.2460000000001,"width":"320.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"lich höhe r, zwei bis dreimal so hoch, al s in den Rebanlagen. Mit Nmin - Werten ","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":505.2690000000001,"width":"320.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"i m Bereich zwischen 50 und 70 kg/ha lag in der Obstanlage insgesamt eine ","line":7,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":491.2290000000001,"width":"323.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"deutlich höhere Stickstoffverfügbarkeit vor. Dies lässt vermuten, dass es da -","line":8,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":477.2520000000001,"width":"320.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"her in den mit Biochar und Kompost ang ereicherten Parzellen zu ein er ausge -","line":9,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":463.27500000000015,"width":"319.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"glicheneren Versorgung infolge e iner verbesserten Stickstoffspeicherung ","line":10,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":449.2350000000001,"width":"327.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"durch das Biochar gekommen sein könnte, wie dies von Steiner et al. (2010), ","line":11,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":435.25800000000015,"width":"319.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"Ventura et al. (2013) und Sánchez - García et al. (2015) festgestellt un d ","line":12,"x":70.9200000000001,"y":421.2810000000002,"width":"318.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"beschrieben wurde . Jedenfal ls waren positive und statistisch signif ikante ","line":13,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":407.24100000000016,"width":"311.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"Auswirkungen auf die vegetative Entwicklung und den Ertrag der Jungbäu -","line":14,"x":70.92900000000014,"y":393.2640000000002,"width":"320.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"me durch die Zugabe von Biochar mit Kompost ins Pflanzloch erkennbar.","line":15,"x":70.92900000000014,"y":379.2870000000002,"width":"297.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"Wachstumsdepressionen, wie von ein igen Autoren beschrieben ( Deenik e t al., ","line":16,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":365.2470000000002,"width":"319.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"in den Boden in den vorliegenden Versuchen in den Rebanla gen nicht ","line":18,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":337.29300000000023,"width":"326.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"festgestellt werden. Dies dürfte auf den Humusgehalt der beiden R e ban lagen ","line":19,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":323.2530000000002,"width":"319.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"von etwa 3% zu Versuchsbe ginn un d auf die langjährige Dauer begr ünung der ","line":20,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":309.27600000000024,"width":"320.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"Begrünung, das Material vom Triebsc hnitt der Reben und die einjäh rige n ","line":23,"x":70.9380000000001,"y":267.28200000000027,"width":"322.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"v erholzten Triebe beim Winterschn itt, sowie die Rebblätter sich an der Bo -","line":24,"x":70.9380000000001,"y":253.30500000000026,"width":"318.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"denoberfläche sammeln und dort langsam verrotten. Durch die Bodenbe-","line":25,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":239.26500000000027,"width":"317.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"Biocha r - und Kompostvarianten dürfte aus die ser organischen Masse einiges ","line":27,"x":70.92900000000007,"y":211.31100000000026,"width":"319.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"an Stickstoff freigesetzt worden sein, was zu ein e r grundlegende n Anreiche -","line":28,"x":70.9380000000001,"y":197.27100000000027,"width":"306.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"Aufgrund der im Versuch gewonne nen Ergebnisse erscheint jedenf alls unter ","line":31,"x":70.93800000000022,"y":155.27700000000027,"width":"322.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"den in Südtirol vorliegenden Gegebenheiten im Weinbau, sofern keine ausge-","line":32,"x":70.93800000000022,"y":141.30000000000027,"width":"317.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"sprochene Wachstumssteigerung der Anlage angestrebt wird, auch die Ver -","line":33,"x":70.93800000000022,"y":127.32300000000026,"width":"320.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"wendung reinen Chars durchaus ohne negative Folgen möglich. Im Versuc h ","line":34,"x":70.93800000000022,"y":113.28300000000026,"width":"322.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":143,"change":"Addition","str":"war selbst die Entwicklung de r J ung reben in den reinen Charvarianten nicht ","line":35,"x":70.93800000000022,"y":99.30600000000025,"width":"319.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"auffällig oder schwächer im Vergleich zur Kontrolle oder den Kompostvarian -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":561.24,"width":"320.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"ten. Im Obstbau kam kein reines Char zum Einsatz. Hier ist ein höheres Stick -","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":547.263,"width":"320.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"stoffniveau zur Optimierung des Aufwuchses der Jungbäume und der Pro -","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":533.2230000000001,"width":"310.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"Chars jedenfalls anzuraten. Zu erwähnen ist, dass in der Apfelanlage mit be -","line":6,"x":68.031,"y":505.2690000000001,"width":"320.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"reits hohem pH - Wert die zusätzliche Verwendung eines Biochars mit einem ","line":7,"x":68.031,"y":491.2290000000001,"width":"322.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"pH - Wert von 9,6 keine Pro ble me bereitet hat und auch nicht zu er kennbaren ","line":8,"x":68.03099999999999,"y":477.2520000000001,"width":"321.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"Veränderungen geführt hat .","line":9,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":463.27500000000015,"width":"113.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"Die beiden in den Versuchen eingesetzten Dosierungen von Biochar verhiel -","line":10,"x":68.02200000000008,"y":449.2350000000001,"width":"320.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"Auswirkungen so z.B. bei der Stei ger ung des pH - Wertes des Bodens. N eg ati -","line":12,"x":68.0220000000001,"y":421.2810000000002,"width":"316.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"ve Auswirkungen konnten in keinem Falle festgestellt werden.","line":13,"x":68.01300000000015,"y":407.24100000000016,"width":"255.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"5. Schlussfolgerungen","line":14,"x":68.04,"y":363.42,"width":"115.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"spezifischen Bedürfnisse der Anlage und an das jeweilige Produktionsziel an -","line":16,"x":68.04,"y":323.463,"width":"316.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"gepasst werden soll. Soll das Wachs tum und die Produktion einer Kultur an -","line":17,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":309.48600000000005,"width":"319.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"ent sprechend anzureichern. Soll hingegen, wie im Qualitätsweinbau ge -","line":19,"x":68.0399999999999,"y":281.46900000000005,"width":"320.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"r einen Biochars oder von nur sehr mäßig angereichertem Char angezeigt . Die ","line":21,"x":68.0399999999999,"y":253.45200000000008,"width":"321.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"Fähigkeit von Biochar Kohlenstoff langfristig zu binden und somit einen Bei -","line":22,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":239.47500000000008,"width":"320.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"das Wachstum nicht oder nur sehr begrenzt verändert werden soll . Die Ver -","line":24,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":211.45800000000008,"width":"320.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"suche haben zudem bestätigt, dass die Einbringung von hochwertigem Bio -","line":25,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":197.48100000000008,"width":"320.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"char in die Böden in jedem Fall zu einer Verbes serung der Bodeneigenschaf -","line":26,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":183.50400000000008,"width":"320.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"ten führt. Es wurden keine negativen Aus - bzw. Nebenwirkungen der An-","line":27,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":169.46400000000008,"width":"316.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"wend ung von Biochar im Obst - und Weinbau festgestellt und auch die Quali-","line":28,"x":68.0489999999999,"y":155.48700000000008,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":144,"change":"Addition","str":"tät der Weine wurde nicht beeinflusst .","line":29,"x":68.05799999999988,"y":141.51000000000008,"width":"155.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"Blackwell, P. S. (2000– ) . M ana gement of water repellency in Australia, and ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":544.08,"width":"316.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"leaching. Journal of Hydrology 231 (2), 384 – 395. Accesso via ","line":5,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":516.0630000000001,"width":"300.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"ht tps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022 - 1694(00)0021 0 - 9","line":6,"x":85.131,"y":502.0860000000001,"width":"185.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"Cammarano, D., Ceccarelli, S., Gr and o, S., Romagosa, I., Benbelkacem, A., ","line":7,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":488.0460000000001,"width":"316.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"Akar, T., Al - Yassin, A. & Ronga, D. (2019). The impact of climate change ","line":8,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":474.06900000000013,"width":"302.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"on barley yield in the Mediterrane an basin . European Journal of Agronomy","line":9,"x":85.14899999999999,"y":460.09200000000016,"width":"297.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"106 , 1 - 11. ","line":10,"x":85.15800000000002,"y":446.05200000000013,"width":"37.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"Clough, T. J. & Con dron, L. M. (2017). Biochar and th e n itr ogen cycle: ","line":11,"x":70.93800000000002,"y":432.07500000000016,"width":"299.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"introduction . Journal of Environmental Quality 39 , 1218 – 23. Accesso via ","line":12,"x":85.16700000000003,"y":418.0980000000002,"width":"293.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":145,"change":"Addition","str":"ht tp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubme d/20830909","line":13,"x":85.167,"y":404.05800000000016,"width":"196.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":150,"change":"Addition","str":"bei um eine Folge der durch den Beitrag von Biochar erzielten höheren Feuchtigkeit im ","line":12,"x":68.02404000000001,"y":429.22208,"width":"316.53","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":150,"change":"Addition","str":"Jahren erhebliche Aufmerksamkeit erregt, vor allem wegen der vi elfältigen ","line":24,"x":68.04,"y":223.683,"width":"316.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":150,"change":"Addition","str":"Ergebnisse, die erzielt werden können. Im aktuellen Szenarium des Klima -","line":25,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":209.706,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":150,"change":"Addition","str":"Zusatz von Biochar die chemischen, physikalischen und biologischen Eigen -","line":30,"x":68.043,"y":139.683,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":150,"change":"Addition","str":"und Weise, die von der Beschaffenheit und Menge de s eingesetzten Biochar s","line":32,"x":68.043,"y":111.66599999999998,"width":"311.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"Wirkung von Biochar auf Verluste von Mineralstoffen durch Auslaugung be -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"312.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"scheint jedoch von der Zeit abzuhängen, die zwischen der Zu gabe von Biochar ","line":9,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"315.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"zum Boden u nd den analytischen Maßnahmen in Bezug auf die Auslaugung ","line":10,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"die Erzeugung von Biochar verwendeten Ausgangsmaterials (Yao et al., 2012). ","line":12,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"314.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"Es gibt jedoch auch Beispiele, bei denen Biocha r eine Erhöhung der durch ","line":13,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"312.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"Auslaugung verlorenen Nährstoffmenge bewirkt hat, wie z. B. die von Hardie ","line":14,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":396.08390000000014,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"allem auf die Zunahme der Stabil ität der Aggregate und der Mikroporosität ","line":19,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"317.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"al., 2010). Auch in Bezug auf die Wirkungen von Biochar auf die physikali -","line":21,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":298.1189000000002,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"schen Eigenschaften der Böden sind in der Literatur untersc hiedliche Ergeb -","line":22,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":284.0789000000002,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"nisse zu finden. Diese Variabilität ist zurückzuführen auf die unterschiedli -","line":23,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"309.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"chen Eigenschaften de r verwendeten Biochar s – Unterschiede bestehen hier ","line":24,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":256.12490000000025,"width":"306.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"sowohl hinsichtlich des für die Herstellung verwendeten Ausgansmaterials ","line":25,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":242.08490000000026,"width":"315.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"und der Eigenscha ften des Pyrolyseprozesses (Novak et al., 2012) – als auch ","line":26,"x":70.91100000000012,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"310.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"auf die unterschiedlichen Mengen bzw. Produktformen (Pulver, Pellets oder ","line":27,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":214.13090000000025,"width":"312.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"Flocken) (Laird et al., 2010; Abiel et al., 2016) und die unterschiedlichen Bo -","line":28,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":200.09090000000026,"width":"313.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"deneigenschaften . Wie Hardie et al. (2014) f eststellt , sollte zudem hervorgeho -","line":29,"x":70.91100000000012,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"314.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"ben werden, dass die Erkenntnisse zahlreicher Studien zu den Wirkungen von","line":30,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":172.13690000000025,"width":"315.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Bodens von diskutabler Be -","line":31,"x":70.93800000000016,"y":158.09690000000026,"width":"314.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"deutung für den Agra r bereich sind , da sie nicht auf Agrarb öden und mit ho -","line":32,"x":70.93800000000022,"y":144.11990000000026,"width":"310.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"hen, in der Landwirtschaft schwer implementierbaren Dosierungen (> 50 t/ha) ","line":33,"x":70.93800000000022,"y":130.14290000000025,"width":"312.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":151,"change":"Addition","str":"bzw. unter Laborbedingungen mit entnommenem, gesiebtem Boden durchge -","line":34,"x":70.93800000000022,"y":116.10290000000025,"width":"311.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"führt wurden . Die In situ - Verifizierung der durch Biochar bewirkten Verbes -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"311.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"serungen der physikalischen B oden eigenschaften ist sicher lich komplexer","line":3,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":550.0829,"width":"297.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"und bei den in einigen Fällen beobachteten Wirkungen von teilweise beacht -","line":4,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":536.0429,"width":"310.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"liche n Zu gaben von Biochar (47 t/ha) auf die Wasserspeicherfähigkeit des Bo -","line":5,"x":68.03100000000018,"y":522.0659,"width":"309.87","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"dens (z. B. Wassergehalt bei Feldkapazität, Wassergehalt bei pe rmanente m","line":6,"x":68.03100000000023,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"312.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"Welkepunkt und insgesamt für die Pflanzen verfügbares Wasser) handelt es ","line":7,"x":68.03100000000023,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"317.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"sich nicht um statistisch signifikant e Ergebnisse (Hardie et al., 2014).","line":8,"x":68.03100000000023,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"273.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar wurde in Weinbergen mit recht widersprüchlichen Ergebnissen ange -","line":9,"x":68.03100000000029,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"312.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"wandt. Eine Analyse der Versuchsergebnisse ergibt eindeutig, dass die Wir -","line":10,"x":68.03100000000035,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"313.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"kung der Zu gaben von Biochar auf das Vegetations - und Produktionsverhal -","line":11,"x":68.03100000000035,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"311.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"ten der Weinreben stark von den allgemeinen Bedingungen des Weinbergs ","line":12,"x":68.0310000000004,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"317.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"Wasserspeichervermögen des Bodens erheblich verändert. B ei Behandlung ","line":15,"x":68.03100000000038,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"318.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"mit hohen Dos ierungen von Biochar kam es zu einer Zunahme des für die ","line":16,"x":68.03100000000038,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"318.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"Pflanzen verfügbaren Wassers von bis zu +45 % gegenüber dem nicht verbes -","line":17,"x":68.04000000000036,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"314.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"serten Kontrollboden . Auch die positiven Auswirkungen auf den Wasserzu-","line":18,"x":68.04000000000036,"y":340.1129000000002,"width":"311.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"stand der Pflanzen waren offensichtlich: weniger negati ves Wasserpotenzial ","line":19,"x":68.04000000000038,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"317.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"der Blätter, höhere stomatäre Leitfähigkeit und fotosynthetische Aktivität (Ba -","line":20,"x":68.04000000000039,"y":312.0959000000002,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"ronti et al., 2014). Der bes ser e physiologische Allgemeinzustand der auf dem ","line":21,"x":68.04000000000036,"y":298.1189000000002,"width":"317.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"mit Biochar verbesserten Boden wachsenden Pflanzen schlug sich schließlich ","line":22,"x":68.04000000000036,"y":284.0789000000002,"width":"316.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"in ei ner höheren Produktionsleistung nieder, insbesondere in Jah ren mit ge -","line":23,"x":68.04000000000036,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"in einem höheren Durchschnittsgewicht d er Weinbeeren und Trau ben be -","line":26,"x":68.0310000000004,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"314.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"tätsparametern der Trauben (lösliche Feststoffe, Gesamtsäure und Ge samtant -","line":28,"x":68.04000000000042,"y":200.09090000000026,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"hocyangehalt). Die Autoren dieser Studie führen das Fehlen von Be weisen i n ","line":29,"x":68.04000000000048,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"314.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"qualitativer Hinsicht auf die komplexe Interaktion verschiedener Faktoren zu -","line":30,"x":68.03100000000046,"y":172.13690000000025,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"rück (Ernährungszustand, Zeiten von Trockenstress, Bodentem peratur usw.), ","line":31,"x":68.03100000000046,"y":158.09690000000026,"width":"316.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"die direkt oder indirekt durch den Zusatz von Biochar zum Bo den beeinflusst ","line":32,"x":68.03100000000046,"y":144.11990000000026,"width":"312.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"werden (Genesio et al., 2015). In einem anderen ökologischen Umfeld, in dem ","line":33,"x":68.0400000000005,"y":130.14290000000025,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"die Vegetationsperiode durch eine unbeschränkte Verfügbar keit von Wasser ","line":34,"x":68.04000000000053,"y":116.10290000000025,"width":"317.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":152,"change":"Addition","str":"für die Pflanzen ge kennzeichnet ist , hat der Zusatz geringerer Dosierungen ","line":35,"x":68.04000000000053,"y":102.12590000000024,"width":"312.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"( unter 10 t/ha ) von Biochar zum Boden , mit ode r ohne Kompost, keinen Un -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"313.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"terschied im Wachstum und Gesundheitszustand der Weinreben und der qua -","line":3,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"hat die Autoren zum Schluss veranlasst, dass der Einsatz von Biochar als Bo -","line":5,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":522.0659,"width":"312.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"denve rbesserungsmittel unter den Bedingungen, die den Stu dienweinberg ","line":6,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"316.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"möglichen ökosystemischen Leistungen, die a uf die Nutzung von Biochar im ","line":9,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"317.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"Weinbau zurückzuführen sind, wie zum Beispiel die Verringerung der Mobi -","line":10,"x":70.92000000000016,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"lität von Kupfer in Anbausystemen wie Weinbergen, die mit schwe ren ökolo-","line":11,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"gischen Problemen infolge der historischen Kumulation dieses Stoffes im Bo -","line":12,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"den zu kämpfen haben. Einige rezente Studien (Soja et al., 2018; Pump et al., ","line":13,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"316.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"Kupfermobilität im Weinbergsystem verdeutlicht; dadurch werden die Ver -","line":15,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"breitung und mögliche n negativen Ausw irkungen auf die Um welt reduziert, ","line":16,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"311.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"und zwar auf besonders effiziente Weise bei Böden mit saurer L ösung und bei ","line":17,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"317.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"rezenten Einlagerungen von Kupfer.","line":18,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":340.1129000000002,"width":"146.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"In Anbetracht des oben beschriebenen Wissensstandes und der Variabilität ","line":19,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"316.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"Kenntnisse in Bezug auf die Wirkungen von Biochar als Bodenverbesserungs -","line":21,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":298.1189000000002,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"physiologischen Reaktionen der Pflanzen auf die Behandlung des Bod ens mit ","line":23,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"316.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar verdie nen weitere Untersuchungen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden die ","line":24,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":256.12490000000025,"width":"318.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"folgenden Versuche in kontrollierter Umgebung durchgeführt; insbesondere ","line":25,"x":70.92900000000002,"y":242.08490000000026,"width":"314.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"sollen di e se i) die Wirkungen der Nutzung von Biochar ( in Reinform oder in ","line":26,"x":70.92900000000002,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"313.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"Bodenverbesserungs mittel auf die Stickstoffverluste durch Auslaugung eva -","line":29,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":153,"change":"Addition","str":"Weinpflanzen auswir ken, die aufeinanderfolgenden Zyklen von Wasserman -","line":32,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":144.11990000000026,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"2. W irkungen der Anwendung von Biochar auf den Stick -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.24,"width":"307.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"stoffzyklus von getopften Weinpflanzen","line":3,"x":85.02000000000004,"y":550.44,"width":"208.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1 Angewandte Methode","line":4,"x":68.04,"y":524.22,"width":"124.47","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1.1 Pflanzenmaterial und Versuchsdesign ","line":5,"x":68.04,"y":501,"width":"194.01","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"Für den Versuch wurden 30 zweijährige Weinpflanzen (cv. Pinot nero auf Un -","line":6,"x":68.04,"y":487.5,"width":"314.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"terlage SO4) mit einem Stockdurchmesser von circa 2 cm mit einem auf vier - ","line":7,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":473.46,"width":"311.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"bis fünf Augen zurückgeschnittenen Fruchtholz verwendet . Die Substrate ","line":8,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":459.483,"width":"318.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"sind in Tabelle 1 gegenübergestellt.","line":9,"x":68.04900000000006,"y":445.50600000000003,"width":"143.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"Kontrolle Kontrolle (mit 10 - mm - Sieb gesiebte Erde) ","line":12,"x":72,"y":378.54,"width":"186.82","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"Volumetrische Dichte 0,91 g/cm 3","line":13,"x":229.14,"y":367.74,"width":"118.02","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"Kompost Kompost 4,5 % (0,9 kg Kompost in 20 kg ","line":14,"x":72,"y":346.86,"width":"182.19","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"0.92 g/cm 3","line":16,"x":229.14,"y":325.26,"width":"37.11","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar Biochar 2 % (0,4 kg Biochar in 20 kg ","line":17,"x":72,"y":304.38,"width":"157.27","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"0,89 g/cm 3","line":19,"x":229.14,"y":282.78,"width":"37.11","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar + Kompost Biochar 2 % + Kompost 4,5 % (0,4 kg ","line":20,"x":72,"y":261.9,"width":"203.15","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"0,87 g/cm 3","line":23,"x":229.14,"y":229.5,"width":"37.11","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":154,"change":"Addition","str":"pH - Wert und Konzentration der Makrostoffe) sind in Tabelle 2 aufgeführt.","line":25,"x":68.04,"y":185.343,"width":"304.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 2 – Analytische Charakterisierung der Substrate im Vergleich (Mittelwerte ± Standardab -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":567.9,"width":"309.02","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"Behandlung Humus","line":4,"x":74.82,"y":535.2599,"width":"80.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"P 2 O 5","line":10,"x":265.2,"y":535.08,"width":"18.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"K 2 O","line":12,"x":309.3,"y":535.08,"width":"16.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"Kontrolle 5,3±0,5 7,0±0,01 2,61±1,13 28±0,58 24,33±0,33 22,33±0,33","line":16,"x":74.82,"y":501.96,"width":"221.69","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"Kompost 5,5±0,3 7,1±0,01 2,17±0,44 33±0,58 46,67±1,67 25,67±0,33","line":17,"x":74.82,"y":481.08,"width":"220.47","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"7,1±0,7 7,5±0,06 2,67±0,54 40±3,18 116,33±20,99 28,33±1,67","line":20,"x":141.06,"y":460.2,"width":"195.41","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar 6,7±0,3 7,5±0,03 1,15±0,57 29±0,00 97,33±3,53 26,33±0,33","line":21,"x":74.82,"y":428.52,"width":"214.85","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"Für den Versuch wurden fünf Replikate pro Behandlung (eine Pflanze pro ","line":22,"x":70.92,"y":398.34,"width":"313.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"Replikat) verwendet und nach einem Versuchsplan mit kompletter Randomi -","line":23,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":384.29999999999995,"width":"312.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"(Gemeinde Vadena, BZ) angeordnet . Die Jungpflanzen wurden Anfang Juni ","line":25,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":356.346,"width":"317.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"vier verschiedenen für den Vergleich v orgesehenen Substraten b efüllt worden ","line":27,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":328.329,"width":"316.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"den beschrieben. Die wichtigsten Versuchsphasen sind in Abb ildung 1 darge -","line":30,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":286.33500000000004,"width":"312.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 1 – Zeitliche Abfolge der wichtigsten Phasen des von Juni bis September 2018 in einem ","line":32,"x":70.92,"y":164.64,"width":"308.77","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":155,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1.2 Düngung mit markiertem Stickstoff ( 15 N) ","line":34,"x":70.92,"y":130.3199,"width":"206.18","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"von 5 g Stickstoff in Form von Ammoniumnitratdünger (NH 4 NO 3 ) in zwei ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":563.8799,"width":"318.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"Gaben (F1 und F2, siehe Abb. 1). Von den insgesamt 5 g N, die der Pflanze ","line":3,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"zugeführt wurden, resultierten 3 g angereichert in 15 N durch die Anwendung ","line":4,"x":68.037,"y":536.04,"width":"316.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"von markiertem Düngemittel 15 NH 4 15 NO 3 mit 5 % 15 N. Alle auf Substraten mit ","line":5,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":521.8799,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar, Biochar und Kompost, nur Kompost und Kontrollsubstrat wachsen -","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":508.0829,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"d en Pflanzen wurden gedüngt. Darüber hinaus erhielten weitere fünf auf ","line":7,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":494.0429,"width":"318.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"Während der gesamten Dauer des Versuchs (von der ersten Düngung bis zur ","line":9,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":466.0889,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"Entwurzelung der Pflanzen) wurden alle vorzeitig von den Pflanzen in de n","line":10,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":452.0489,"width":"313.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"Diese Proben wurden i n Bezug auf Biomasse und Gehalt an Stickstoff (mar -","line":12,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":424.09490000000005,"width":"314.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"kiert und nicht markiert) bewertet und zusammen mit den am Ende des Ver -","line":13,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":410.05490000000003,"width":"309.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"suchs durchgeführten Evaluierungen berücksichtigt. Im Monat September ","line":14,"x":68.04900000000015,"y":396.07790000000006,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden schließlich alle Pflanzen der vier Düngeb ehandlungen (Biochar, Bio -","line":15,"x":68.04900000000015,"y":382.1009000000001,"width":"314.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"char + Kompost, Kompost und Kontrollsubstrat) sowie die fünf nicht gedüng-","line":16,"x":68.04900000000015,"y":368.06090000000006,"width":"312.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"Triebe, Blätter) und die mehrjährigen Organe (Wurzeln mit Sekundärwachs -","line":18,"x":68.04900000000015,"y":340.1069000000001,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"tum, Stamm und Fruchtrute) der einzelnen Pflanzen wurden gewogen, ge -","line":19,"x":68.04900000000015,"y":326.0669000000001,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":156,"change":"Addition","str":"markiertem Stickstoff ( 15 N), sowie ihren Gehalt an Makro - und Mikronährstof -","line":21,"x":68.04900000000015,"y":298.08,"width":"312.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 2 – Vorbereitung der Weinpflanzen am Ende des Versuchs mit markiertem St ickstoff. Die ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":381.9,"width":"308.84","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"Fruchtrute, Triebe, Blätter) (B und C), gewogen und getrocknet. Dann wurden Stichproben der ver -","line":4,"x":70.90596,"y":363.90072,"width":"314.68","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"schiedenen Organe auf ihren Gehalt an Gesamtstickstoff und markiertem Stickstoff ( 15 N) unter -","line":5,"x":70.90596,"y":354.9,"width":"314.42","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1.3 Isotopische Stickstoffanalyse","line":7,"x":70.92,"y":320.58,"width":"154.09","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Gesamtstickstoffkonzentration in den Substraten und in den verschiede -","line":8,"x":70.92,"y":307.08,"width":"313.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"nen Organen der Pflanze wurde mit einem mit Elementaranalysator ausge -","line":9,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":293.03999999999996,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"statteten Isotopenverhältnis - Massenspektrometer durchgeführt (Isotopic Ra -","line":10,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":279.063,"width":"313.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"tio Mass Spectrometer - IRMS, Thermo Scientific, Germany). Der Überschuss ","line":11,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":265.086,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"an 15 N (% Atome) in den Organen und im Dünger im Vergleich zum natürli -","line":12,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":251.04,"width":"314.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"chen Über schuss von 15 N (0,366 % Atome) wurde w ie folgt berechnet:","line":13,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":237.06,"width":"280.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"N aus Dünger =","line":14,"x":70.923,"y":209.637,"width":"58.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["WASIKV+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"Gesamt − N Organ ( mg ) × ( N Überschuss Gewebe − natürlicher N Überschuss ) 15 15","line":15,"x":136.44,"y":215.1,"width":"234.47","height":"6.48","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath","WASIKV+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1.4 Analyse der in den Blättern vorhandenen Makro- und ","line":17,"x":70.92,"y":182.04,"width":"262.23","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Blattkonzentration von Stickstoff (N), Kalium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Kal -","line":19,"x":70.92,"y":154.56,"width":"314.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"zium (Ca), Phosphor (P), Kupfer (Cu), Zink (Zn), Bor (B), Eisen (Fe) und Man -","line":20,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":140.52,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":157,"change":"Addition","str":"gan (Mn) wurde mittels Analyse mit einem ICP - MS (Inductively Coupled ","line":21,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":126.543,"width":"318.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"Plasma Mass Spectrometer, Thermo Scientific, Bremen, Germany) nach Säu -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"re aufschluss der Blattprobe ermittelt (2,5 ml HNO 3 - 65 %, w/w - auf 0,1 g Tro -","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":549.9,"width":"310.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1.5 Statistische Analyse","line":5,"x":68.04,"y":512.58,"width":"114.34","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"Unterschiede zwischen Behandlungen wurden mit einer einfaktoriellen Va ri -","line":7,"x":68.04,"y":485.03999999999996,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"(durch Shapiro - Wilk - Test, p>0,05) und die Homogenitätshypothesen der Va -","line":9,"x":68.031,"y":457.086,"width":"311.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"rianz (durch Bartlett - Test, p>0,05) überprüft wurden. Die Paarvergleiche wur -","line":10,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":443.046,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"den mit Post- hoc - T ests (Tukey - HSD - Test) durchgeführt (p<0,05). Die als Pro-","line":11,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":429.069,"width":"313.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"Tests durch logarithmische Umformung verwandelt. Die Daten in den Grafi -","line":13,"x":68.05799999999994,"y":401.052,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"2.2 Ergebnisse","line":15,"x":68.04,"y":360.84,"width":"71.74","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"(Trockengewicht in Gramm) bei nicht gedüngten oder mit NH 4 NO 3 gedüng -","line":18,"x":68.04,"y":312.9,"width":"311.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":158,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Kontrollpflanzen geht wie erwartet eine größere Biomasseproduktion der ","line":19,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":299.03999999999996,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":159,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 3 – Am Versuchsende (Zeitpunkt der Entwurzelung) gemessene Biomasse (Trockengewicht ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":277.98,"width":"313.25","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":159,"change":"Addition","str":"in g) der verschiedenen Organe der mit NH 4 NO 3 gedüngten und nicht - gedüngten Kontrollpflanzen. ","line":3,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":268.32,"width":"314.38","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":159,"change":"Addition","str":"Stamm und Fruchtrute wurden zusammen im Diagramm „Stamm“ betrachtet; das Diagramm „Wur -","line":4,"x":70.91682000000003,"y":259.98036,"width":"314.49","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":159,"change":"Addition","str":"zeln“ betr ifft die feinen Wurzeln und die Wurzeln mit sekundärem Wachstum. Die Ergebnisse in der ","line":5,"x":70.91682000000003,"y":250.98072000000002,"width":"316.42","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":159,"change":"Addition","str":"Vor allem das Wachstum der jährlichen Organe (Triebe und Blätter) fiel bei ","line":8,"x":70.92,"y":208.14,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":159,"change":"Addition","str":"den nicht gedüngten Pflanzen erheblich geringer aus; diese sind außerdem ","line":9,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":194.1,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":159,"change":"Addition","str":"durch das Fehlen von Seitentrieben gekennzeichnet . Aus dem Vergleich mit ","line":10,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":180.123,"width":"313.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":159,"change":"Addition","str":"signifikanten Unter schiede hervor, was die Biomasse der verschiedenen Or -","line":12,"x":70.929,"y":152.106,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 4 – Wirkung der verschiedenen Substrate auf die Biomasse (Trockengewicht in g) von Blättern, ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":301.98,"width":"314.46","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"Trieben, Stamm und Wurzeln der am Ende des Versuchs entwurzelten Weinpflanzen . Siehe Anga -","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":292.98036,"width":"314.59","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"ben in Abb. 3, was die Beschreibung der Zusammensetzung der verschiedenen Teile der betrach -","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":283.98072,"width":"314.72","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"befindlichen Veröffentlichung für die Zeitschrift Italus Hortus. ","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":265.98144,"width":"193.17","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"In Abb ildung 5 sind die durchschnittlichen Mengen an N (in g) aufgeführt, ","line":7,"x":68.04,"y":241.14,"width":"314.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"um das kombinierte Ergebnis der in den Pflanzenorganen gemessenen Stick -","line":9,"x":68.031,"y":213.123,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"stoffkonzentration und des Trockengewichts dieser Organe. Blätter und Wur -","line":10,"x":68.031,"y":199.146,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"zeln, die relativ hohe Stickstoffkonzentrationen hatten (circa 2,5 % N in den ","line":11,"x":68.031,"y":185.106,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"Blättern und circa 1,5 % in den Wurzeln), e rwiesen sich als die Organe mit der ","line":12,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":171.129,"width":"316.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":160,"change":"Addition","str":"größten Menge dieses Stoffes. Der Zusatz der Bodenverbesserungsmittel Bio -","line":13,"x":68.03100000000009,"y":157.152,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":161,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 5 – Durchschnittliche Stickstoffmenge (in g) In den verschiedenen Organen zum Zeitpunkt der ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":359.4,"width":"314.57","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":161,"change":"Addition","str":"der verschiedenen Teile der betrachteten Pflanze anbelangt. Die Ergeb nisse in der Abbildung sind ","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":341.40072,"width":"316.78","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":161,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Menge an markiertem Stickstoff ( 15 N), der aus Düngungen mit NH 4 NO 3","line":6,"x":70.92,"y":307.38,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":161,"change":"Addition","str":"stammt, wurde für die verschiedenen Pflanzenorgane und in d en verschiede -","line":7,"x":70.923,"y":293.583,"width":"314.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":161,"change":"Addition","str":"nen Substrat en evaluiert. Von den 3 g des an die Pflanzen verteilten markier -","line":8,"x":70.91399999999999,"y":279.543,"width":"312.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":161,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Stickstoffs konnten circa 50 % in den verschiedenen Organen der Wein -","line":9,"x":70.91399999999999,"y":265.56600000000003,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":161,"change":"Addition","str":"den Töpfen enthalten war. Es konnten in Zusammenhang mit den verschiede -","line":11,"x":70.91399999999999,"y":237.54900000000004,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":161,"change":"Addition","str":"die in den Pflanzen und Substraten gemessene Menge an 15 N anbelangt ","line":13,"x":70.91399999999999,"y":209.58,"width":"319.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":161,"change":"Addition","str":"(Abb. 6).","line":14,"x":70.923,"y":195.54000000000002,"width":"32.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 6 – Durchschnittlich enthaltene Menge des aus den Düngungen mit 15 NH 4 15 NO 3 stammenden ","line":2,"x":68.04066,"y":403.3799,"width":"312.07","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"Die bei der Düngung insgesamt verteilten 3 g des ma rkierten Stickstoffs wurden kohärent in den ","line":5,"x":68.03885999999999,"y":377.04108,"width":"317.30","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"0,6 g N schwankend) in Bezug auf die erwartete Gesamtmenge (3 g) i st auf mögliche Verluste des ","line":7,"x":68.03885999999997,"y":359.0418,"width":"316.52","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"Pflanzenmaterials währen d des Wachstumszyklus zurückzuführen. Die Ergebnisse in der Abbildung ","line":8,"x":68.03885999999997,"y":350.04216,"width":"316.27","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"gemessen, die sich während des jährlichen Zuwachses gebildet haben, und ","line":11,"x":68.04,"y":302.15999999999997,"width":"316.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"zwar überwiegend in den Blättern, wo im Durchschnitt circa 0,5 g N aus Dün -","line":12,"x":68.04,"y":288.183,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"Pflanze wurden bei den verschiedenen Behandlungen k eine signifikanten Un -","line":14,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":260.166,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"Kompost) ergab eine geringere Konzen tration von P (circa - 35 %) und Ca ( - 27 ","line":18,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":204.195,"width":"316.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"ren K - Werten, die in den mit Biochar verbesserten Substraten gefunden wur -","line":20,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":176.178,"width":"314.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"den, waren die Konzentrationen dieses Stoffes in den Blättern hingegen deut -","line":21,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":162.201,"width":"314.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"Unterschiede in Bezug auf die Konzentration von N (im Bereich 2,7 – 2,9 %) ","line":23,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":134.184,"width":"317.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":162,"change":"Addition","str":"und Mg (0,27 – 0,30 %) in den Blättern zu verbuchen. Auch bei Mikrostoffen ","line":24,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":120.207,"width":"317.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":163,"change":"Addition","str":"traten keine deutlichen Un terschiede bei den verschiedenen Behandlungen ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"318.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":163,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 7 – Durchschnittliche Stickstoffmenge aus Düngungen mit markiertem N (in g, n=5) in den ","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":182.88,"width":"314.57","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":163,"change":"Addition","str":"Standardabweichun g. Die Ergebnisse in der Abbildung sind Gegenstand einer in Vorbereitung ","line":6,"x":70.92,"y":164.88072,"width":"318.00","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 3 – Gehalt (% Trockengewicht ± Standardabweichung) an Makroelementen in den Pflanzen-","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":567.9,"width":"312.89","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"blättern der vier Behandlungen im Vergleich. Die verschiedenen Buchstaben zeigen deutliche ","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":558.90036,"width":"318.23","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Unterschiede zwischen den Werten der gleichen Spalte an (Tukey - HSD - Test, p<0,05). Die ","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":549.90072,"width":"318.88","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Behandlung N % P % K % Mg % Ca %","line":7,"x":72,"y":500.4,"width":"144.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Kontrolle 2,9 ± 0,21 0,38 ± 0,07a 1,61 ± 0,21b 0,27 ± 0,04 2,29 ± 0,1a","line":8,"x":72,"y":477.6,"width":"224.83","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Kompost 2,9 ± 0,19 0,28 ± 0,01b 1,98 ± 0,41ab 0,29 ± 0,04 1,87 ± 0,28ab","line":9,"x":72,"y":454.98,"width":"236.75","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"2,7 ± 0,2 0,27 ± 0,05b 2,21 ± 0,46ab 0,28 ± 0,02 1,67 ± 0,35b","line":12,"x":136.92,"y":432.36,"width":"195.37","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar 2,7 ± 0,19 0,25 ± 0,02b 2,41 ± 0,21a 0,30 ± 0,03 1,68 ± 0,29b","line":13,"x":72,"y":397.2599,"width":"222.55","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 4 – Gehalt (% Trockengewicht ± Standardabweichung) an Mikroelementen in den Pflanzen-","line":14,"x":68.04,"y":368.94,"width":"312.58","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Behandlung B Mn Fe Cu Zn","line":17,"x":72,"y":319.44,"width":"102.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Kontrolle 46,06 ± 5,24 16,81 ± 1,22 146,27 ± 13,72 8,06 ± 2,21 31,99 ± 3,82","line":18,"x":72,"y":296.58,"width":"244.94","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Kompost 46,56 ± 6,63 15,78 ± 2,18 139,13 ± 20,38 9,07 ± 0,72 37,93 ± 8,45","line":19,"x":72,"y":273.96,"width":"243.72","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"45,59 ± 9,99 15,52 ± 2,48 148,75 ± 14,61 8,75 ± 0,96 41,97 ± 4,37","line":22,"x":136.98,"y":251.4,"width":"210.49","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":164,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar 43,76 ± 10,29 16,18 ± 3,98 161,55 ± 40,81 8,70 ± 1,04 39,40 ± 4,53","line":23,"x":72,"y":216.3,"width":"242.01","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Wirkungen der Nutzung von Biochar auf die hydrischen ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.24,"width":"306.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"3.1 Angewandte Methode","line":5,"x":70.92,"y":510.42,"width":"124.47","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"3.1.1 Gravimetrische Ermittlung der hydrischen Eigenschaften der ","line":6,"x":70.92,"y":487.2,"width":"295.40","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"10 cm hohe Metallständer in Plastikuntersetzer einer für den Topfdurchmes -","line":11,"x":70.92,"y":417.66600000000005,"width":"314.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"ser angemessene n Größe gestellt wurden. Dann wurden die Substrate mit ","line":12,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":403.6890000000001,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"Wasser übersättigt , bis das Wasser reichlich aus den Töpfen lief. Nachdem das ","line":13,"x":70.91099999999999,"y":389.7120000000001,"width":"312.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"3.1.2 Kontinuierliche Messung des Wassergehalts und des ","line":18,"x":70.92,"y":310.2,"width":"265.76","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"Wasserpotenzial s des Bodens","line":19,"x":107.75352000000001,"y":296.2221,"width":"134.26","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"Der Wassergehalt (m 3 /m 3 ) und das Wasserpotenzial (kPa) der Substrate wur -","line":20,"x":70.92,"y":282.66,"width":"314.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"de n kontinuierlich mit kapazitiven Sonden (Typ 10HS, Decagon Devices) und ","line":21,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":268.68300000000005,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"tensiometrischen Sonden (MPS6, Decagon Devices) gemessen, die zuvor für ","line":22,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":254.70600000000005,"width":"313.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"Feldkapazität entsprechende Wa sserpotenzial ( - 33 kPa) und den permanen-","line":26,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":198.67200000000005,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Welkepunkt (- 1500 kPa) gemessen und das für die Pflanzen verfügbare ","line":27,"x":70.92599999999996,"y":184.69500000000005,"width":"317.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"3.1.3 Simulation einer Auslaugung","line":29,"x":70.92,"y":147.18,"width":"152.89","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"Diese r Versuch sollte die Bedingungen eines ergiebigen Regenfalls sofort nach ","line":30,"x":70.92,"y":133.68,"width":"313.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"einer Zufuhr von Stickstoffdünger in Form von Nitrat (N - NO 3 ) simulieren, ","line":31,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":119.52,"width":"317.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":165,"change":"Addition","str":"um die Wirkung des Biochar - Bodenverbesserungsmittels auf die potenziellen ","line":32,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":105.66,"width":"316.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":166,"change":"Addition","str":"Stickstoffverluste durch Auslaugung einzuschät zen. Die Töpfe wurden auf ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"318.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":166,"change":"Addition","str":"Feldkapazität gebracht und dann jeweils mit einer Lösung aus 4 g N - NO 3 in ","line":3,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":549.9,"width":"314.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":166,"change":"Addition","str":"circa 20 kg/ha in einem Weinberg mit einer Dichte von 5.000 Rebstöcke n pro ","line":5,"x":68.04299999999995,"y":522.0630000000001,"width":"314.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":166,"change":"Addition","str":"Hektar . Circa 76 Stunden nach der Düngung (für ein gute s Eindringen der N -","line":6,"x":68.04299999999995,"y":508.0860000000001,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
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{"page":169,"change":"Addition","str":"Der Test wurde mit zweijährigen Wein - Jungpflanzen der Sorte cv. Pinot nero","line":11,"x":70.92,"y":182.7,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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||
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|
||
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|
||
{"page":171,"change":"Addition","str":"Die nicht gegossenen Pflanzen wiesen, unabhängig vom Substrat, einen zu -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":544.08,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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||
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||
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||
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{"page":173,"change":"Addition","str":"Substrat die Verluste durch Auslaugung deutlich um 5 – 6 % gegenüber der ","line":16,"x":70.92899999999996,"y":356.30690000000016,"width":"318.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":173,"change":"Addition","str":"In Übereinstimmung mit anderen Studien (siehe Review von Glaser et al., ","line":29,"x":70.92900000000014,"y":174.35390000000024,"width":"318.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":173,"change":"Addition","str":"kapazität und das den Pflanzen zur Verfügung stehende Gesamtwasservolu -","line":31,"x":70.92900000000014,"y":146.33690000000024,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"gung von Nährstoffen (insbesondere Stickstoff) muss er jedoch als problema -","line":5,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":522.0659,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"ei nem Feuchtigkeitsniveau über der Feldkapazität halten, können eventuelle ","line":7,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"317.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"ten, die in Bezug auf die Niederschläge möglichst stabil sind (geringere Nie -","line":15,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"Die größere Verfügbarkeit von Wasser in dem mit Biochar verbesserten Boden ","line":17,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":342.08390000000014,"width":"316.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"stress (Abb. 10 und 11). Vor allem bei Werten des Ψ MD unter – 1,6 MPa blieb ","line":19,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":313.86,"width":"311.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"einem deutlich höheren Niveau, wie die auf Blattebene gemessenen ","line":21,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":286.08600000000007,"width":"311.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"von Baronti et al . (2014) und von Genesio et al. (2015), die berichten, dass sich ","line":23,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":258.0690000000001,"width":"316.87","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar verbesserten Weinbergen gerade in Jahren, die durch hohe Trocken -","line":25,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":230.05200000000008,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"konnten verdeutlichen, das s es vom agronomischen Gesichtspunkt keine we -","line":30,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":148.09800000000007,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":174,"change":"Addition","str":"sentlichen Hinderungsgründe für eine Nutzung von Biochar als Bodenverbes -","line":31,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":134.05800000000008,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":175,"change":"Addition","str":"von Biochar zum Boden als Maßnahme zur Milderung des Klimawandels be -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":175,"change":"Addition","str":"repellency of sandy soil. Geoderma, 202 – 203 , 183 – 91. Zugriff über ","line":13,"x":85.14,"y":364.08600000000007,"width":"307.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":175,"change":"Addition","str":"Water Management, 163 , 190 – 6. Zugriff über https://doi.org/10.1016/","line":18,"x":85.13999999999993,"y":294.0750000000001,"width":"300.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":175,"change":"Addition","str":"Pini, R., Zulian, C., Genesio, L. (2014). Impact of biochar application on ","line":21,"x":85.13099999999997,"y":252.0810000000001,"width":"303.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":175,"change":"Addition","str":"properties o f highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal - A ","line":29,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":140.0760000000001,"width":"297.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":175,"change":"Addition","str":"review. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 35(4), 219 – 30. Zugriff über ","line":30,"x":85.13999999999999,"y":126.0990000000001,"width":"294.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":176,"change":"Addition","str":"influence soil physical properties and soil water availability? Plant and Soil, ","line":3,"x":82.26,"y":550.0829,"width":"302.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":176,"change":"Addition","str":"376(1– 2) , 347 – 61. Zugriff über https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104- 013 - 1980- x","line":4,"x":82.26000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"290.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":176,"change":"Addition","str":"Lehmann, J., Da Silva, J.P ., Steiner, C., Nehls, T., Zech, W., Glaser, B. (2003). ","line":12,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"317.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":176,"change":"Addition","str":"Lehmann, J. (2007). A handful of carbon. Nature, 447, 143 - 144. Zugriff über ","line":17,"x":68.049,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"313.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":176,"change":"Addition","str":"Novak, J., Lima, I., Xing, B., Gaskin, J., Steiner, C., Das, K., Ahmedna, M., ","line":19,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"318.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":176,"change":"Addition","str":"Rehrah, D., Watts, D., Busscher, W. (2009). Characterization of designer ","line":20,"x":82.26000000000005,"y":312.0959000000002,"width":"303.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":176,"change":"Addition","str":"sand. Annals of Environmental Science, 3(1), 195 – 206 ","line":22,"x":82.26000000000005,"y":284.0789000000002,"width":"205.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":176,"change":"Addition","str":"ultisol and two aridisols. Soil Science, 177(5), 310 – 20. Zugriff über ","line":26,"x":82.26000000000013,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"300.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":176,"change":"Addition","str":"Abiven , S. (2014). Biochar and biochar - compost as soil amendments to a ","line":34,"x":82.2600000000001,"y":116.10290000000025,"width":"303.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":177,"change":"Addition","str":"and grape quality. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 191 , 117 – 23. ","line":2,"x":85.14,"y":564.0599,"width":"302.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":177,"change":"Addition","str":"vineyard soils. Applied Geochemistry, 88, 40– 8. Zugriff über ","line":7,"x":85.13999999999993,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"300.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":177,"change":"Addition","str":"Reduces Short - Term Nitrate Leaching from A Horizon in an Apple ","line":10,"x":85.131,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"305.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":177,"change":"Addition","str":"Orchard. Journal of Environmental Quality, 42(1), 76 – 82. Zugriff über ","line":11,"x":85.14,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"296.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":177,"change":"Addition","str":"Yao, Y., Gao, B., Zhang, M., Inyang, M., Zimmerman, A.R. (2012). Effect of ","line":17,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"317.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":177,"change":"Addition","str":"phosphate in a sandy soil. Chemosphere, 89(11), 1467– 71. Zugriff über ","line":19,"x":85.14000000000004,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"295.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"Irene Criscuoli – Freie Universität Bozen","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":506.52,"width":"174.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"Pietro Panzacchi – Freie Universität Bozen / Università degli Studi del Molise","line":6,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":478.503,"width":"332.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"Bruno Glaser – Martin - Luther - Universität Halle- Wittenberg, Deutschland","line":7,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":464.526,"width":"311.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"Katja Wiedner – Martin - Luther - Universität Halle- Wittenberg, Deutschland ","line":8,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":450.486,"width":"317.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"Christian Ceccon – Freie Universität Bozen","line":9,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":436.5,"width":"183.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"Giustino Tonon – Freie Universität Bozen","line":12,"x":70.93499999999997,"y":394.44,"width":"175.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"In Südtirol gibt es circa 40 Vergasungs- und Pyrolyseanlagen, die jedes Jahr ungefähr ","line":14,"x":70.92,"y":297.66,"width":"314.49","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"1.250 t Pflanzenkohle erzeugen. Diese Pflanzenko hle wird derzeit als Abfall entsorgt ","line":15,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":284.15784,"width":"317.44","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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|
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{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"Kulturen zu verbessern. Biochar kann d ank seines hohen Gehalts an Kohlenstoff (C) ","line":19,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":230.1492,"width":"315.58","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"und der Stabilität seiner chemischen Struktur außerdem zur permanenten Bindung von ","line":20,"x":70.92797999999993,"y":216.64704,"width":"314.47","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"C im Boden beitragen und so einen Beitrag zur Milderung d es Klimawandels leisten. ","line":21,"x":70.93595999999997,"y":203.14488,"width":"317.23","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"der möglichen spezifischen Bedingungen für seine Anwendung im Südtirol erforder -","line":23,"x":70.93595999999994,"y":176.14056,"width":"311.70","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"lich. In diesem Kapitel sind die Ergebnisse eines über zweieinhalb Jahre in einem Wein -","line":24,"x":70.92797999999993,"y":162.6384,"width":"312.86","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"berg in der Nähe von Meran durchgeführten Versuchs aufgeführt, bei dem die tat säch -","line":25,"x":70.92797999999993,"y":149.13624,"width":"314.46","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"liche Stabilität des aus Holzhackschnitzel n gewonnene n Biochar s im Boden und seine","line":26,"x":70.92797999999993,"y":135.63407999999998,"width":"304.32","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"Wirkung auf die Treibhausgasemissionen evaluiert werden sollte. Dem Boden des ","line":27,"x":70.92797999999988,"y":122.13191999999998,"width":"312.78","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":179,"change":"Addition","str":"Weinbergs wurde Biochar zugesetzt, einmal in zwei Dosen reinen Biochar s (20 und 50 ","line":28,"x":70.92797999999988,"y":108.62975999999998,"width":"313.84","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"t/ha) und einmal in Verbindung mit Kompost (45 t/ha), u nd dann mit dem Kontrollbo -","line":2,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":564.2357000000001,"width":"314.36","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"den ohne Zusätze verg lichen. Die Stabilität des Biochar s im Boden wurde nach der Ver -","line":3,"x":68.03201999999999,"y":550.7335400000001,"width":"310.88","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"Massenbilanz, Quantifizi erung aromatischer Polycar bonsäuren ( BPCA) und moleku-","line":6,"x":68.0399999999999,"y":510.22706000000005,"width":"313.09","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"lare Kohlenstoffmarker. Die Treibhausgasemissionen (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O) aus dem Boden ","line":7,"x":68.03999999999988,"y":496.72490000000005,"width":"316.32","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden anhand eines Gasanalysators mit einer Cavity - ring - down - Spektroskopie ","line":8,"x":68.03849999999997,"y":483.23784,"width":"316.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"(CRDS) und einem System dynamischer geschlos sener Kammern gemessen. Die Ergeb -","line":9,"x":68.03849999999989,"y":469.73568,"width":"314.61","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"nisse haben gezeigt, dass Biochar signifikant zu einer Ver ringerung der N 2 O - Emissio -","line":10,"x":68.03849999999989,"y":456.23352,"width":"314.08","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"nen des Bodens und zu einem Anstieg der CO 2 - Emissionen beigetragen hat, aber zeit-","line":11,"x":68.04749999999996,"y":442.73784,"width":"314.21","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"lich begrenzt und in geringem Umfang, während es keine Auswirkungen auf die CH 4 -","line":12,"x":68.04017999999999,"y":429.23784,"width":"312.02","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Methode der isotopischen Massenbilanz hat nur bei der Be handl ung B1 (25 t/ha) ","line":15,"x":68.04149999999998,"y":388.73352,"width":"317.34","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"einen signifikanten Abbau des Biochar s zum Vorschein gebracht, wobei die durch-","line":16,"x":68.04149999999996,"y":375.23136,"width":"307.36","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"konnte mit der BPCA - Methode k ein signifikanter Abbau von Biochar im Boden festge -","line":18,"x":68.04947999999993,"y":348.22704,"width":"312.01","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"stellt werden. Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse dieses mittelfristigen Feld versuches kann ","line":19,"x":68.04149999999998,"y":334.72488,"width":"316.61","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"man die Schlussfolgerung ziehen, dass die Anwendung von Biochar aus Vergasungs-","line":20,"x":68.04149999999998,"y":321.22272,"width":"314.46","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"prozessen als Bodenverbesserungsmittel in der Landwirtschaft keine Kontraindikatio -","line":21,"x":68.04149999999998,"y":307.72056,"width":"314.47","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"nen für die vom Boden ausgehenden Treibhausgasemissionen hat und zu einer Erhö -","line":22,"x":68.04149999999998,"y":294.2184,"width":"314.47","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"hung des Kohlenstoffgehalts im Boden beiträgt. Es wären jedoch weitere Versuche er -","line":23,"x":68.04149999999998,"y":280.71623999999997,"width":"312.05","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"forderlich, um die Wirksamkeit dieser Methode für eine langfristige Milderung des Kli -","line":24,"x":68.04149999999998,"y":267.21407999999997,"width":"312.74","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"1. Einleitung","line":26,"x":68.04,"y":210.24,"width":"62.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"In Südtirol gibt es ungefähr 40 Vergasungs - und Pyrolyseanlage, die Wärme -","line":27,"x":68.04,"y":184.26,"width":"311.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"Pflanzenkohle ist jedoch seit n unmehr circa 15 Jahren weltweit Forschungsge -","line":31,"x":68.031,"y":128.289,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"genstand der wissenschaftlichen Gemeinschaft, d a sie möglicherweise als Bo -","line":32,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":114.31199999999998,"width":"314.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":180,"change":"Addition","str":"denverbesserungsmittel in der Landwirtschaft eingesetzt werden kann. Im ","line":33,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":100.27199999999998,"width":"316.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"Falle einer Verteilung der Pflanzenkohle auf dem Boden wird dies e als Bio -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"char definiert; Biochar kann zur Verbesserung der chemischen (Ding et al., ","line":4,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"2016), physikalischen (Blanco - Canqui, 2017) und biologischen Eigenschaften ","line":5,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":536.0429,"width":"317.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"( Hardy et al., 2019) des Bodens beitragen und den Ertrag der Kulturen erhö hen ","line":6,"x":70.92000000000006,"y":522.0659,"width":"316.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"(Crane -Droesch et al.,2013; Liu et al., 2013). Außerdem kann Biochar aufgrund ","line":7,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"316.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"seiner nur schwer von Mikroorganismen abbaubaren chemischen Struktur als ","line":8,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"Strategie zur Erhöhung der Fähigkeit des Bodens , Kohlenstoff zu binden , ein -","line":9,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"308.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"gesetzt werden (Glaser et al ., 2002), um den Klimawandel zu mil dern.","line":10,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"277.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"es noch nicht sehr stark verbreitet. Die Gründe liegen teilwei se in der Not -","line":13,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"308.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":181,"change":"Addition","str":"von Biochar im Boden und die mittelfristige Auswirkung seiner Anwendung ","line":27,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"314.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":182,"change":"Addition","str":"2.1 Versuchsstandort und Anwendung der Behandlungen","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":538.02,"width":"281.47","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":182,"change":"Addition","str":"Die in diesem Kapitel vorgestellte Arbeit ist das Ergebnis von Versuchen in ","line":4,"x":68.04,"y":518.28,"width":"313.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":182,"change":"Addition","str":"in der Nähe von Meran (BZ), auf einer Höhe von circa 600 m ü . d. M., der vom ","line":6,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":490.263,"width":"316.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":182,"change":"Addition","str":"gemäß USDA - Klassifikation, mit einem Gehalt von 64 % an Sand, 24 % an ","line":13,"x":68.04000000000009,"y":392.29800000000006,"width":"318.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":182,"change":"Addition","str":"nischem C beträgt 2,4±0,8 %, der pH - Wert 6,4±0,2 und die Rohdichte 1,1±0,1 ","line":16,"x":68.03100000000018,"y":350.3040000000001,"width":"317.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":182,"change":"Addition","str":"g/cm 3 . Während des Versuchs wurde der Versuchsstandort nicht gedüngt und ","line":17,"x":68.03100000000018,"y":336.3,"width":"314.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":182,"change":"Addition","str":"nur im ersten Jahr bewässert (von Mai 2017 bis Juni 2018).","line":18,"x":68.037,"y":322.26,"width":"236.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":183,"change":"Addition","str":"Mai 2017, d irekt vor der Bearbeitung des Bodens zur Einarbeitung der landwirtschaftlichen ","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":144.8397000000001,"width":"291.00","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":183,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbesserungsmittel. Auf dem Foto sind die Versuchsparzellen zu sehen. In der Abbildung unten ","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":135.8400600000001,"width":"311.24","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 1 – Physikalisch e und chemische Eigenschaften des in dieser Arbeit verwendeten Biochar s","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":561.9,"width":"312.45","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"1 Polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":94.02,"width":"138.75","height":"6.48","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Parameter Einheit Wert Unsicherheit","line":4,"x":72,"y":530.28,"width":"145.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"pH - Wert - 12,4 0,5","line":5,"x":72,"y":504.42,"width":"61.80","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Rohdichte g cm−3 0,165 -","line":6,"x":72,"y":481.86,"width":"86.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Fraktion <5 mm % 100 10","line":7,"x":72,"y":459.24,"width":"86.95","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Fraktion <2 mm % 97 10","line":8,"x":72,"y":436.62,"width":"82.94","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Fraktion <0,5 mm % 70 7","line":9,"x":72,"y":414.06,"width":"84.89","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Maximale Wasserretention % w/w 86 7","line":10,"x":72,"y":391.44,"width":"134.97","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Asche (550 °C) % 31 3","line":11,"x":72,"y":368.82,"width":"74.38","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Gesamt - C % 58,9 -","line":12,"x":72,"y":346.26,"width":"61.93","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"C in CaCO3 % 1,1 -","line":13,"x":72,"y":323.64,"width":"65.10","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Organischer C % 57 5","line":14,"x":72,"y":301.02,"width":"73.60","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"H:C - 0,10 0,01","line":15,"x":72,"y":278.46,"width":"46.09","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Gesamt - N % 0,39 0,04","line":16,"x":72,"y":255.84,"width":"74.57","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"C:N 151","line":17,"x":72,"y":233.22,"width":"26.89","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Gesamt - P % 0,64 -","line":18,"x":72,"y":210.66,"width":"61.02","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"Gesamt - K % 3,5 0,5","line":19,"x":72,"y":188.04,"width":"65.60","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":184,"change":"Addition","str":"PAK 1 mg/kg <1 -","line":20,"x":72,"y":165.42,"width":"54.04","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"45 t/ha Kompost. Außerdem wurde eine Behandlung nur mit Kompost vorge -","line":5,"x":70.92,"y":533.0429,"width":"319.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"nommen (45 t/ha) und ein Kontrollboden vorgesehen (ohne Ver teilung von Bo -","line":6,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":519.0659,"width":"319.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"denverbesserungsmittel). Insgesamt wurden also sechs Behandlungen vergli -","line":7,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":505.0889000000001,"width":"320.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"chen: nicht verbesserter Kontrollboden (Behandlung N); 25 t/ha Biochar (Be -","line":8,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":491.04890000000006,"width":"319.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"C); 25 t/ha Biocha r + 45 t/ha Kompost (Behandlung B1C); 50 t/ha Biochar + 45 ","line":10,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":463.0949000000001,"width":"322.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"t/ha Kompost (Behandlung B2C). Nach der Verteilung wurden die Bodenver -","line":11,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":449.0549000000001,"width":"320.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"der Erde eingearbeitet. Die gleiche Bearbeitung w urde auch am Kontrollboden ","line":13,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":421.10090000000014,"width":"322.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"vier Replikate vorgesehen, sodass sich eine Gesamtzahl von 24 Parzellen erg ab , ","line":16,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":379.10690000000017,"width":"322.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"die gemäß einem randomisierten Blockdiagramm verteilt wurden. Jede Par -","line":17,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":365.06690000000015,"width":"316.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"zelle verfügt über eine Fläche von circa 80 m 2 u nd umfasst 20 Weinpflanzen, ","line":18,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":351.06,"width":"319.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"die auf zwei nebeneinanderliegende Reihen verteilt sind (Abb. 1). In jeder Par -","line":19,"x":70.91100000000003,"y":337.083,"width":"320.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"zelle wurden die Bodenverbesserun gsmittel im zentralen Zwischenraum der ","line":20,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":323.043,"width":"323.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"Reihen u nd auf der Hälfte der beiden angrenzenden Reihenzwischenräume ","line":21,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":309.06600000000003,"width":"322.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"verteilt, w ährend die in dieser Arbeit beschriebenen Maßnahmen nur den zent -","line":22,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":295.08900000000006,"width":"319.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"2.2 Verwendete s Biochar","line":24,"x":70.92,"y":254.82,"width":"118.83","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"D as im Ver such verwendete Biochar besteht aus kleinen Bruchstücken (<5 mm) ","line":25,"x":70.92,"y":235.08,"width":"317.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"und wurde bei einer Temperatur von circa 500 °C aus Nadelholz - Hackschnit -","line":26,"x":70.92,"y":221.04000000000002,"width":"319.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"zeln durch Schnell- Pyrolyse (fast pyrolysis) vom Unternehmen Record Immo-","line":27,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":207.06300000000002,"width":"319.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"biliare S.r.l. aus Lunano (PU), einem regulär eingetragenen Biochar - Hersteller, ","line":28,"x":70.92,"y":193.086,"width":"322.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"erzeugt. Tabelle 1 enthält eine detaillierte Beschreibung der physikalischen und ","line":29,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":179.04600000000002,"width":"322.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":185,"change":"Addition","str":"chemischen Eigenschaften de s Biochar s .","line":30,"x":70.92,"y":165.06900000000002,"width":"160.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"2.3 Evaluierung der Stabilität des Biochar s im Boden ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":560.8199,"width":"255.55","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"2.3.1 Isotopische Massenbilanz","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":537.6,"width":"139.67","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"Diese Methode beruht auf der Nutzung stabiler Kohlenstoffisotope. Die Isoto-","line":4,"x":68.04,"y":524.04,"width":"319.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"‰) vom internationalen Bezugsstand ard angegeben (Michener & Lajtha, 2007). ","line":7,"x":68.04,"y":482.046,"width":"322.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden von jeder Versuchsparzelle mit einem Split - Tube - Sampler (Eijkelkamp, ","line":9,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":454.09200000000004,"width":"321.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"also insgesamt 48 Proben. Mit der gleichen Methode wurden dann zu verschie -","line":11,"x":68.03999999999994,"y":426.07500000000005,"width":"320.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"denen Zeitpunkten nach Anwendung der Behandlungen nochmals Proben ge -","line":12,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":412.09800000000007,"width":"319.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"(t3). Die entnommenen Prob en wurden gewogen und durch ein 2 - mm - Sieb ge -","line":14,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":384.0810000000001,"width":"319.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"trocknet, fein gemahlen und im Labor der Freien Universität Bozen analysiert, ","line":21,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":286.11600000000016,"width":"322.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"um die Konzentration des organischen Kohlenstoffs (%) und die Isotopensig -","line":22,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":272.07600000000014,"width":"320.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"natur (δ 13 C) festzustellen. Für jede Probe wurde die Rohdichte des Bodens ","line":23,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":258.06,"width":"324.13","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"(g/cm 3 ) ermittelt; dazu wurde das Trockengewicht der Probe feiner Erde durch ","line":24,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":244.08,"width":"319.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"topensignatur (δ 13 C) wurden auch an 4 Bioc har - Proben durchgeführt.","line":28,"x":68.043,"y":188.04,"width":"282.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"Da die isotopische Massenbilanz nur eingesetzt werden kann, wenn zwei Koh -","line":29,"x":68.031,"y":174.063,"width":"319.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":186,"change":"Addition","str":"B1C und B2 C. Letztere haben nämlich drei Kohlenstoffquellen (die ursprüngli -","line":32,"x":68.031,"y":132.069,"width":"319.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"𝑓𝑓 =","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":539.7,"width":"18.13","height":"13.98","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath","WASIKV+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"𝛿𝛿 13 𝐶𝐶 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 − 𝛿𝛿 13 𝐶𝐶 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆","line":4,"x":108.72,"y":545.8799,"width":"81.82","height":"10.02","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"𝛿𝛿 13 𝐶𝐶 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 𝑡𝑡 𝑐𝑐 ℎ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 − 𝛿𝛿 13 𝐶𝐶 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆","line":5,"x":97.26,"y":530.58,"width":"101.98","height":"10.02","fontName":["CJUSQJ+CambriaMath"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"wobei f der aus Biochar stammenden organischen Kohlenstofffraktion des Bo -","line":7,"x":70.92300000000003,"y":505.14599999999996,"width":"319.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"dens entspricht (C biochar /C tot ); die Isotopensignaturen entsprechen hingegen dem ","line":8,"x":70.923,"y":490.98,"width":"321.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"mit Biochar verbesserten Boden ( δ 13 C tot ), der ursprünglichen organi schen ","line":9,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":476.94,"width":"322.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"Bodensubstanz (soil organic matter, SOM) (δ 13 C SOM ) und de m Biochar ","line":10,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":462.96,"width":"315.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"(δ 13 C biochar ). Der Wert von δ 13 C SOM wurde durch Analyse der Bodenpro ben aus ","line":11,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":448.98,"width":"320.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"den Parzellen vor Verteilung der Bodenverbesserungsmittel (t0) ermit telt.","line":12,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":435.12,"width":"300.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Daten wurden verwendet, um die aus Biochar stammende Kohlenstoff -","line":13,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":421.14300000000003,"width":"316.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"menge (Biochar - C) in der Bodenschicht (20 cm) zu ermitteln, aus der die Probe ","line":14,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":407.16600000000005,"width":"322.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar−C [t/ha] = f × C or g [%]/100 × ρ Boden [g/cm 3 ] × 20 [cm] × 100 [2]","line":17,"x":70.92900000000004,"y":350.94,"width":"268.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"wobei C org , der Konzentration von organischem Kohlenstoff im Boden ent-","line":18,"x":70.92299999999994,"y":322.98,"width":"319.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"C t = C 0 e - kt [3]","line":22,"x":70.923,"y":252.96,"width":"46.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"wobei C t è der Menge an Biochar - C entspricht, die zum Zeitpunkt t im Boden ","line":23,"x":70.917,"y":224.94,"width":"319.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"verbleibt, C 0 der auf dem Boden verteilten Dosis von Biochar - C und k der Zer -","line":24,"x":70.93200000000002,"y":210.96,"width":"317.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"setzungskonstante de s Biochar s . Die durchschnittliche Verwei lzeit (Mean Resi -","line":25,"x":70.93200000000002,"y":197.16299999999998,"width":"317.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":187,"change":"Addition","str":"dence Time, MRT) des Biochar s im Boden wurde als 1/k berechnet.","line":26,"x":70.92300000000006,"y":183.123,"width":"267.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"2.3.2 BPCA - Methode ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":551.58,"width":"96.26","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"Analyse spezifischer molekularer Marker für schwarzen Kohlenstoff bestimmt ","line":5,"x":68.04,"y":498.0630000000001,"width":"322.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"(aromatische Polycarboxylsäuren, BPCA); dazu wurde die von Busch und Gla -","line":6,"x":68.04,"y":484.0860000000001,"width":"320.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"Laboratorien der Martin - Luther - Universität H alle - Wittenberg (Deutschland) ","line":8,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":456.06900000000013,"width":"324.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"Zur Quantifizierung des BPCA - Gehalts wurden die Proben vier analytischen ","line":10,"x":68.04900000000006,"y":416.0550000000002,"width":"323.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"durch Gaschromatografie (Busch und Glaser, 2015). Nach Quantif izierung der ","line":12,"x":68.04900000000006,"y":388.1010000000002,"width":"322.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"BPCA wurde der Gehalt an Biochar - C in den Proben durch Multiplikation der ","line":13,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":374.0610000000002,"width":"322.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"den i m Biochar vorhandenen BPCA und seinem Gehalt an organischem Koh -","line":15,"x":68.049,"y":346.10700000000026,"width":"313.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"lenstoff berechnet wird . ","line":16,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":332.06700000000023,"width":"99.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Ergebnisse der Analysen wurden verwendet, um den aus Biochar stam -","line":17,"x":68.049,"y":306.08400000000023,"width":"320.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"pro Hektar angegeben (Biochar - C, t/ha) und mit folgender Formel berechnet:","line":19,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":278.06700000000023,"width":"313.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar−C = C BPCA [g/kg] × ρBoden [g/cm 3 ] × 20 [cm] × 10 [4]","line":20,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":251.88,"width":"240.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"wobei C BPCA dem Gehalt an schwarzem Kohlenstoff entspricht (g/kg Boden), ","line":21,"x":68.04299999999995,"y":225.9,"width":"320.07","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"der mit der BPCA - Methode ermittelt wird. ","line":22,"x":68.043,"y":212.04000000000002,"width":"176.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"Zur Evaluierung der Stabilität de s dem Boden zugesetzten Biochar s , wurde die ","line":23,"x":68.05199999999999,"y":186.05700000000002,"width":"319.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"zu jedem Zeitpunkt der Entnahme geschätzte Menge an Biochar - C korrigiert, ","line":24,"x":68.04299999999995,"y":172.08,"width":"322.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":188,"change":"Addition","str":"vorhandenen natürlichen Kohlenstoffgehalt abzog; d ieser wurde durch Ana -","line":26,"x":68.05199999999996,"y":144.06300000000002,"width":"319.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"Da die BPCA nur zu zwei Zeitpunkten nach Anwendung de s Biochar s analy -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":561.0599,"width":"314.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"siert wurden, war es nicht möglich, d ie Zersetzungsrate wie im Fall der isoto -","line":4,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":547.0829,"width":"317.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"2.4 Messung der vom Boden ausgehenden ","line":6,"x":70.92,"y":506.8199,"width":"213.99","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"wichtigsten Treibhausgase gemessen: Kohlendioxid (CO 2 , μmol m −2 s −1 ), ","line":9,"x":70.92,"y":452.8799,"width":"315.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"Methan (CH 4 , nmol m −2 s −1 ) und Distickstoffmonoxid (N 2 O, nmol m −2 s −1 ). Die ","line":10,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":438.9,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","QBUDEH+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"Flüsse wurden in Echtzeit, direkt im Feld, anhand eines Gasanalysators mit ","line":11,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":425.03999999999996,"width":"320.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"CRDS - Technologie analysiert (cavity ring - down spectrometry, Picarro Inc., ","line":12,"x":70.92599999999997,"y":411.063,"width":"324.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"Kammern angeschlossen (eosAC Autochamber , Eosense Inc., Dartmouth, NS, ","line":14,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":383.046,"width":"323.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"eing esetzt wurden. Die Messungen an jedem Ring dauerten 10 Minuten; die ","line":18,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":327.07500000000005,"width":"323.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"3 Replikate jeder Behandlung angewendet, wobei insgesamt 18 Parzellen über -","line":22,"x":70.92599999999996,"y":259.10700000000014,"width":"320.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"Unterbrechungen aufgrund von Eis und Schnee auf dem Boden sowie gelegent -","line":25,"x":70.926,"y":205.10700000000014,"width":"320.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"lich in and eren Zeiträumen des Jahres aufgrund von Defekten der Instrumente.","line":26,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":191.06700000000015,"width":"320.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"2.5 Statistische Analyse","line":27,"x":70.92,"y":164.82,"width":"116.15","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"Die in diesem Kapitel vorgestellten Ergebnisse der verschiedenen Bodenanaly -","line":28,"x":70.92,"y":139.08,"width":"320.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"sen sind ein Durchschnittswert von 4 Replikaten f ür jede Behandlung (± Stan-","line":29,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":125.04,"width":"319.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":189,"change":"Addition","str":"dardfehler), während sich die Daten der Treibhausgasemissionen auf den Mit -","line":30,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":111.063,"width":"319.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"Die statistische Gegenüberstel lung der untersuchten Parameter erfolgte an -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":561.0599,"width":"320.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"hand einer Varianzanalyse (ANOVA), gefolgt von einem Student – Newman –","line":3,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":547.0829,"width":"319.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"Keuls - Test (SNK) zur Verdeutlichung der signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen ","line":4,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":533.0429,"width":"322.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"den Behandlungen. Die Homoskedastizität der Daten wurde überprüft un d im ","line":5,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":519.0659,"width":"322.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"Falle eines Verstoßes gegen diese Bedingungen wurden die Daten einer loga -","line":6,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":505.0889000000001,"width":"319.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar - C im Boden (g/kg Probe) wurden für jede Behandlung Vergleiche zwi -","line":8,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":477.0719000000001,"width":"317.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"schen den unterschiedlichen Ze itpunkten der Probenahme (t0, t1 und t3) für ","line":9,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":463.0949000000001,"width":"323.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"den Bestand an Biochar - C im Boden (t/ha) erstellt; für jede Behandlung mit ","line":10,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":449.0549000000001,"width":"323.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar wurden Vergleiche zwischen dem Zeitpunkt t1 und t3 angestellt; f ür ","line":11,"x":68.03100000000005,"y":435.0779000000001,"width":"322.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"den Bestand von C im Boden (t/ha) wurden für jede Behandlung V ergleiche ","line":12,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":421.10090000000014,"width":"322.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"die Emissionen jedes Treibhausgases wurden b ei jeder Messreihe Vergleiche ","line":14,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":393.08390000000014,"width":"323.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Interpolation der Biochar - C - Werte im Boden m it exponentiellem Modell ","line":16,"x":68.03100000000009,"y":365.06690000000015,"width":"323.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Ergebnisse ","line":20,"x":68.04,"y":279.24,"width":"73.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"3.1 Stabilität de s Bioc har s im Boden ","line":21,"x":68.04,"y":253.02,"width":"173.61","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"Anwendung der Bodenverbesserungsmittel in der Behandlung B1 im Durch -","line":23,"x":68.04,"y":221.103,"width":"320.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"schnitt 80±9 % des in den Boden eingebrachten Biochar - C gefunden, in der Be -","line":24,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":207.126,"width":"319.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"handlung B2 hingegen 95±1 8 % (Abb. 2). Nach circa einem Jahr (385 Tage) s ank ","line":25,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":193.203,"width":"322.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"der im Boden verbleibende Prozentsatz an Biochar - C auf 70 ± 14 % in der Be -","line":26,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":179.226,"width":"319.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"Jahren schließlich (745 Tage) fanden sich in der Behandlung B1 nur noch weni -","line":28,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":151.326,"width":"319.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":190,"change":"Addition","str":"ger als die Hälfte des verteilten Biochar - C (40±17 %), in der Behandlung B2 hin -","line":29,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":137.349,"width":"319.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"In der Behandlung B1 betrug die durch das negative exponentielle Modell ge -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":562.86,"width":"320.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"schätzte tägliche Zersetzungsrate (k) 0,1 % und d ie jährliche Rate 36,5 %, ent-","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":548.883,"width":"319.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"von 2,7 Jahren im Boden. In der Behandlung B2 hingegen wurde keine signifi -","line":6,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":520.9830000000001,"width":"320.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"de ll zeigt einen erheblichen Verlust von Biochar - C in den ersten drei Wochen ","line":8,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":493.0830000000001,"width":"322.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"des Versuchs . Im Boden wurde eine um 19,75 % niedrigere Menge an Biochar ","line":9,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":479.1060000000001,"width":"322.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"im Boden gemessen als tatsächlich angewandt (Abb. 2). Nach diesem bedeute -","line":10,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":465.12900000000013,"width":"320.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Anfangsverlust wird eine konti nuierliche Verringerung der Konzentration ","line":11,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":451.15200000000016,"width":"322.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"beobachtet, die im ersten Jahr weniger stark ausfällt ( - 9,75 %), um dann im ","line":12,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":437.22900000000016,"width":"323.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"zweiten Jahr wieder an Geschwindigkeit aufzunehmen ( - 30,17 %).","line":13,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":423.2520000000002,"width":"268.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"Aus den Ergebnissen der zweiten zur Schätzung der Stabilität des Biochar - C im ","line":14,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":409.2750000000002,"width":"320.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"Boden angewandten Methode, d. h. der BPCA - Analyse, g eht hervor, dass vor ","line":15,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":395.29800000000023,"width":"322.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
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{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"kante Änderungen im Biochar - C - Gehalt beobachtet (Abb. 3).","line":22,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":297.56700000000035,"width":"246.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 2 – Biochar - C im Boden (% der angewandten Dosis) 21, 385 und 745 Tage nach der Verteilung ","line":23,"x":70.92,"y":119.64,"width":"319.83","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":191,"change":"Addition","str":"von Biochar in den Behandlungen B1 (25 t/ha Biochar) und B2 (50 t/ha Biochar). Die darges tellten ","line":24,"x":70.91298,"y":110.64036,"width":"321.37","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"die zum Zeitpunkt t1 wiedergefundene Biochar - Menge b ei der Behandlung B1 ","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":547.0829,"width":"322.13","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"8,4 t C/h, b ei der Behandlung B1C 12,5 t C/h, bei der Behandlung B2 20,5 t C/h ","line":4,"x":68.049,"y":533.0429,"width":"322.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"Bodenverbesserungsmitteln verteilten Mengen an Biochar - C (15,9 t C/ha bei ","line":6,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":505.0889000000001,"width":"323.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"B2C, in Abb. 4 durch die horizontalen Balken dargestellt), beliefen sich die ge -","line":8,"x":68.06699999999998,"y":477.0719000000001,"width":"320.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"64 % bzw. 75 % bei den Behandlungen B2 und B2C. Zum Zeitpunkt t3 hat die ","line":10,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":449.0549000000001,"width":"320.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"BPCA - Methode bei den Behandlungen B1 und B2 die Menge an Biochar - C im ","line":11,"x":68.06699999999992,"y":435.0779000000001,"width":"322.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"würde (Abb. 4). Gleichzeitig wurden 16,2 t C/ha Biochar - C für die Behandlung ","line":13,"x":68.0669999999999,"y":407.0609000000001,"width":"322.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"B 1C und 22,7 t C/ha für die Behandlung B2C geschätzt /Abb. 4). Die zu den ","line":14,"x":68.0669999999999,"y":393.08390000000014,"width":"323.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"Beim Vergleich der beiden Methoden zur Quantifizierung de s Biochar -C im Bo -","line":17,"x":68.0669999999999,"y":339.08390000000014,"width":"317.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"den (Abb. 5), kann man beobachten, dass sich die mit den beiden Methoden er -","line":18,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":325.10690000000017,"width":"320.07","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"die mit der isotopischen Massenbilanz erzielte Schätzung der tatsä chlich verteil -","line":20,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":297.08990000000017,"width":"320.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Menge sowohl für die Behandlung B1 (13,86 ± 2,53 t/ha Biochar -C gegenüber ","line":21,"x":68.07599999999996,"y":283.1129000000002,"width":"322.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"15,9 t/ha) als auch für die Behandlung B2 (30,63 ± 5,98 t/ha Biochar -C gegenüber ","line":22,"x":68.07599999999996,"y":269.0729000000002,"width":"322.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"31,9 t/ha) näher kommt, während die BPCA -Methode Schätzungen liefert, die ","line":23,"x":68.07599999999996,"y":255.09590000000017,"width":"323.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"niedrige r als die angewandten Dosen liegen (8,39±3,76 t/ha Biochar -C gegenüber ","line":24,"x":68.07599999999996,"y":241.11890000000017,"width":"322.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"15,9 t/ha in B1 und 20,54± 5.71 t/ha Biochar -C gegenüber 31,9 t/ha in B2). Zum ","line":25,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":227.07890000000017,"width":"323.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"Zeitpunkt t3 liegt die mit der BPCA -Methode für die Behandlung B1 erzielte ","line":26,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":213.10190000000017,"width":"323.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"Schätzung des im Boden verbleib enden Biochar -C deutlich höher (+63,3 %) als ","line":27,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":199.12490000000017,"width":"323.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"Was den Gesamtkohlenstoff (t/ha) im Boden anbelangt, sieht man in Abb. 6, ","line":31,"x":68.07599999999995,"y":131.09390000000016,"width":"320.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":192,"change":"Addition","str":"bei den Behandlungen mit der höchsten Biochar - Dosierung deutlich ansteigt ","line":33,"x":68.06700000000001,"y":103.13990000000015,"width":"323.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"6) hängt wahrscheinlich mit der Änderung der Rohdichte des Bodens zusam -","line":6,"x":70.92,"y":519.0659,"width":"319.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"men. In der Tat sinkt diese zum Zeitpunkt t1 infolge von Bodenarbeiten. Die ","line":7,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":505.0889000000001,"width":"323.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"geringere Rohdichte hat bei gleicher Tiefe zu einer Verringerung der Boden -","line":8,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":491.04890000000006,"width":"320.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"probenmenge und somit des geschätzten Kohlenstoffbestands im Boden ge -","line":9,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":477.0719000000001,"width":"319.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"führt. Bei der gleichen Behandlung zum Zeitpunkt t3 sieht man in de r Tat eine ","line":10,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":463.0949000000001,"width":"322.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"Rückkehr des Kohlenstoffbestands zu mit t0 vergleichbaren Werten, wahr -","line":11,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":449.0549000000001,"width":"319.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"Folge hatten (Zunahme d er Rohdichte).","line":14,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":407.0609000000001,"width":"160.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 3 – Biochar - C im Boden (g/kg) in den sechs Versuchsbehandlungen: N (Kontrollboden), B1 (25 ","line":15,"x":70.92,"y":204.9,"width":"319.77","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"B2C (50 t/ha Biochar + 45 t/ha Kompost) vor Verteilung der landwirtschaftlichen Bodenverbesse -","line":17,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":186.90072,"width":"319.85","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":193,"change":"Addition","str":"der aromatischen Polycarboxylsäuren (BPCA). Die Fehlerbalken stellen den Standar dfehler des Mit -","line":22,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":141.90252,"width":"319.79","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":194,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 4 – Biochar - C im Boden (t/ha) in den verschiedenen Behandlungen: B1 (25 t/ha Biochar), B2 ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":411.9,"width":"319.85","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":194,"change":"Addition","str":"3 Wochen nach der Verteilung der Bodenverbesserungsmittel (schwarze Balken in der Grafik, t1) und ","line":4,"x":68.04701999999999,"y":393.90072,"width":"321.93","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":194,"change":"Addition","str":"char - C abgezogen. Die horizontalen Linien stellen die angewandten Biochar - Dosierungen dar (B1 ","line":7,"x":68.04701999999997,"y":366.9018,"width":"322.87","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":194,"change":"Addition","str":"(p≤0,05). Die angegebenen Werte sind das Ergebnis der Quantifizierung der aromatischen Polycar -","line":9,"x":68.04701999999992,"y":348.90252,"width":"319.89","height":"7.02","fontName":["HZMZJK+ArialMT","CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":194,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 5 – Vergleich der mit der Methode der isotopischen Massenbilanz (Y- Achse) und der BPCA-","line":11,"x":68.04,"y":129.48,"width":"317.05","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":194,"change":"Addition","str":"Analyse (X - Achse) erzielten Schät zungen des Biochar - C im Boden (t/ha) für die Behandlungen B1 ","line":12,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":120.48035999999999,"width":"319.75","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":194,"change":"Addition","str":"und B2 drei Wochen (t1) und zwei Jahre (t3) nach der Verteilung des Biochar s . Die Fehlerbalken ","line":13,"x":68.04702000000003,"y":111.48071999999999,"width":"320.00","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 6 – Für die verschiedenen Behandlungen gemessener Kohlenstoffbestand im Boden (t/ha): N ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":405.9,"width":"320.03","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"+ 45 t/ha Kompost), B2C (50 t/ha Biochar + 45 t/ha Kompost) vor Verteilung der Bodenverbesse -","line":5,"x":70.91297999999999,"y":387.90072,"width":"320.12","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"(t2, graue Balken) und 2 Jahre danach (t3, weiße Balken mit schwarzen Punkten). Die Buchstaben ","line":7,"x":70.91298,"y":369.90144,"width":"321.92","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Fehlerbalk en stellen den Standardfehler des Mittelwerts dar.","line":10,"x":70.91298,"y":342.90252,"width":"205.57","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"3.2 Vom Boden ausgehende Treibhausgasemissionen","line":11,"x":70.92,"y":317.82,"width":"266.42","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"Die vom Boden ausgehenden CO 2 - Emissionen (Abb. 7) weisen eine ausge -","line":12,"x":70.92,"y":299.7,"width":"319.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"die Behandlung B1 verbucht (17,1 μ mol/m 2 /s); d ie niedrigsten Werte, nahe bei ","line":15,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":258,"width":"321.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","OGTRCL+TimesNewRomanPSMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"0, wurden für alle Behand lungen im Dezember 2017 gemessen.","line":16,"x":70.92299999999997,"y":244.023,"width":"256.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"Signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Behandlungen wurden nur in 3 Ver -","line":17,"x":70.92299999999994,"y":230.046,"width":"320.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"Behandlung B2C deutlich höher als die der Behandlungen N, B1 und C. I m ","line":19,"x":70.92299999999994,"y":202.146,"width":"322.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Flüsse von CH 4 (nmol/m 2 /s, Abb. 8) w aren immer negativ, wa s bei allen ","line":23,"x":70.92299999999994,"y":146.1,"width":"319.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"Behandlungen auf einen Nettoverbrauch von Methan durch den Boden hin -","line":24,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":132.303,"width":"320.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"weist. Einzige Ausnahme war die Messreihe im Oktober 2017, a ls die Netto -","line":25,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":118.326,"width":"319.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":195,"change":"Addition","str":"emissionen von Methan in den Behandlungen B1 (1,1 nmol/m 2 /s) und B1C (0,9 ","line":26,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":104.4,"width":"322.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"nmol/m 2 /s) gemessen wurden. Während des gesamten Studienzeitraums gab es ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":562.86,"width":"321.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"keine signifikante n Differenzen zwischen den gemessenen Methanflüssen der ","line":3,"x":68.04300000000002,"y":548.883,"width":"319.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Flüsse von N 2 O (nmol/m 2 /s, Abb. 9) waren nur in der ersten Messreihe i m ","line":5,"x":68.05199999999999,"y":520.7999,"width":"321.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"August 2017 ziemlich hoch, als die Werte zwis chen 0,26 nmol/m 2 /s bei der Be -","line":6,"x":68.04599999999994,"y":507,"width":"319.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"handlung B2C und 0,89 nmol/m 2 /s bei der Behandlung B1C lagen. Ab Oktober ","line":7,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":493.077,"width":"322.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"2017 Reduzierte sich die Intensität der Emissionen und variierte zwischen - 0,08 ","line":8,"x":68.043,"y":479.103,"width":"322.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"und 0,15 nmol/m 2 /s. Nur in vier der Messreihen wiesen die Emissionen d er ver -","line":9,"x":68.043,"y":465.12,"width":"317.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"N deutlich höher als die der Behandlung B2. Im Mai 2018 hingegen wurden in ","line":12,"x":68.03399999999999,"y":423.24300000000005,"width":"322.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"Emissionen als alle anderen. Im Juni 2019 schließlich wurden in der Behand -","line":15,"x":68.03400000000002,"y":381.3660000000001,"width":"319.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":196,"change":"Addition","str":"lung C höhere Emissionen registriert als in der Behandlung B2.","line":16,"x":68.03399999999999,"y":367.3890000000001,"width":"254.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":197,"change":"Addition","str":"2 - Emissionen (mmol/m","line":6,"x":296.46,"y":359.94,"width":"73.03","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":197,"change":"Addition","str":"2 /s), die in Verbindung mit den sechs ","line":7,"x":293.64,"y":433.08,"width":"126.36","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":198,"change":"Addition","str":"- Emissionen (nmol/m2/s), die in Verbindung mit den sechs ","line":5,"x":268.5,"y":362.64,"width":"196.13","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":199,"change":"Addition","str":"2 O","line":6,"x":273.3,"y":360.72,"width":"7.96","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":199,"change":"Addition","str":"- Emissionen (nmol/m2/s), die in Verbindung mit den sechs ","line":7,"x":273.3,"y":368.8809,"width":"196.61","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"Tabelle 2 – Ergebnisse des statistischen Vergleichs der vom Boden ausgehenden CO 2 - (mmol/m 2 /s) ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":567.24,"width":"313.01","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"und N 2 O - Emissionen (nmol/m 2 /s), die in Verbindung mit den sechs Behandlungen gemessen wur -","line":3,"x":68.04084,"y":558.24,"width":"314.16","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"t /ha Biochar + 45 t/ha Kompost), B2C (50 t/ha Biochar + 45 t/ha Kompost). Die Messungen wurden ","line":5,"x":68.03484000000003,"y":540.90072,"width":"316.44","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Behandlungen hin und entspreche n den jeweiligen Stern-","line":7,"x":68.03484000000003,"y":522.90144,"width":"314.51","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"Behandlung CO 2 μmol/m 2 /s N 2 O μmol/m 2 /s","line":9,"x":75.96,"y":484.08,"width":"170.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"Jul. 2019 Dez. ","line":14,"x":194.94,"y":463.14,"width":"49.21","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"N 8,7 a 3,7 b 9,5 ab 0,11 b 0,01 ab 0,12 b - 0,04 ab","line":22,"x":75.96,"y":431.46,"width":"156.48","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"B1 9,9 a 2,7 ab 9,4 ab 0,03 ab 0,03 ab 0,01 a - 0,05 ab","line":23,"x":75.96,"y":410.52,"width":"166.72","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"B2 11 ab 3 ab 10,9 c 0,01 a - 0,03 a 0,01 a - 0,07 a","line":24,"x":75.96,"y":389.64,"width":"151.02","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"C 11,4 a 2,1 a - 6,6 a 0,08 ab - 0,02 a - 0,01 a 0,02 b","line":25,"x":75.96,"y":368.76,"width":"154.99","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"B1C 11,1 ab 2,9 ab 7,9 bc 0,03 ab 0,11 b 0,01 a - 0,03 ab","line":26,"x":75.96,"y":347.88,"width":"176.65","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"B2C 16,8 b 2,8 ab 10,2 ab 0,02 ab - 0,01 a 0,01 a - 0,06 ab","line":27,"x":75.96,"y":327,"width":"179.27","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"4. Diskussion","line":28,"x":68.04,"y":278.94,"width":"67.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"4.1 Stabilität de s Biochar s im Boden ","line":29,"x":68.04,"y":252.72,"width":"173.70","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"geschätzte MRT de s Biochar s geringer als bei den meisten Studien, die zuvor ","line":31,"x":68.04,"y":220.803,"width":"311.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"durchgeführt wurden. In ihrer Metaanalyse schätzen Wang et al. (2016), aus -","line":32,"x":68.03100000000005,"y":206.88,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"gehend von den Ergebnissen 24 wissenschaftlicher Artikel, dass die stabilste ","line":33,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":192.903,"width":"316.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"Fraktion von Biochar (die 97 % de s Biochar s darstellt) im Durchschnitt eine ","line":34,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":178.926,"width":"307.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"hohe Unsicherheit zugeschrieben, die auf eine große Zahl von Faktoren wie ","line":36,"x":68.03099999999998,"y":151.02599999999998,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"die Art de s verwendeten Biochar s , die spezifischen Eigenschaften des Bodens ","line":37,"x":68.03099999999998,"y":137.04899999999998,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"und die angewandte Versuchsm ethode zurückzuführen sind . Tatsäch lich gibt ","line":38,"x":68.02199999999996,"y":123.07199999999997,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":200,"change":"Addition","str":"es in der Literatur MRT- Schätzungen der gleichen Größenordnung, w ie in u n -","line":39,"x":68.02200000000005,"y":109.14899999999997,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"serer Studie berechnet. In der Metaanalyse von Singh et al. (2012) zum Bei -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":565.86,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"spiel, welche die Ergebnisse von 17 verschiedenen Versuchss tudien unter -","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":551.883,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"sucht, führen die Autoren MRT- Werte zwischen 1 und 750 Jah ren a n , und für ","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":537.96,"width":"314.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"die 6 untersuchten Arbeiten eine MRT < 15 Jahren. Vor Kurzem schätzten","line":6,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":523.9830000000001,"width":"310.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"Ventur a et al. (2019) die MRT in einer zweieinhalbjährigen Feldstu die auf 10,3 ","line":7,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":510.0060000000001,"width":"312.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"B2 und die mit der BPCA - Analyse für beide Behandlungen erzielten MRT-","line":10,"x":70.92899999999986,"y":456.1230000000001,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"Schätzungen einen nicht signifikanten Abbau von Biochar im Boden und so -","line":11,"x":70.92899999999986,"y":442.14600000000013,"width":"311.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"mit eine substantielle Stabilität de s Biochar s in den zwei Jahren der Versuchs -","line":12,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":428.2230000000001,"width":"309.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"m essungen. Dieses Ergebnis liegt daher mehr auf einer Linie mit den meisten ","line":13,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":414.24600000000015,"width":"316.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"Studien, die in der Literatur genannt und in der Metaanalyse von Wang et al. ","line":14,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":400.2690000000002,"width":"316.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"(2016) zusammengefasst werden. ","line":15,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":386.2920000000002,"width":"137.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"Der hohe Anfangsverlust im exponentiellen Abbaumodell, der bei den isoto -","line":16,"x":70.92899999999993,"y":360.3720000000002,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"pischen Messungen des Biochar s in der Dosis B1 registriert wurde, könnte mit ","line":17,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":346.3950000000002,"width":"315.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"dem Abbau d er labileren Fraktion de s Biochar s durch Mikroorganismen des ","line":18,"x":70.92899999999989,"y":332.41800000000023,"width":"311.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"größten Teil des Biochar s ausmacht, und eine r kl einere n Fraktion, die sich ","line":21,"x":70.91999999999987,"y":290.5410000000003,"width":"303.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"Zimmerman, 2010) .","line":23,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":262.6410000000003,"width":"79.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"Man kann jedoch nicht ausschließen, dass der Verlust von Biochar in der An -","line":24,"x":70.938,"y":236.6580000000003,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"fangsphase des Versuchs auch durch abiotische Faktoren verursacht wurde. ","line":25,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":222.6810000000003,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"Zum Beispiel könnten die Biochar - Verluste beim Transport, Abladen und Ver -","line":26,"x":70.93799999999997,"y":208.7580000000003,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"teilen de s Biochar s entstanden sein; da diese s eine sehr feine Körnung und ","line":27,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":194.7810000000003,"width":"307.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"eine sehr geringe Dichte hat, könnte es vom Wind aus dem Anwendungs be -","line":28,"x":70.911,"y":180.8040000000003,"width":"311.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"reich heraus weggeweht worden sein. In anderen Studien wurde beobach tet, ","line":29,"x":70.911,"y":166.82700000000028,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"dass der Wind Verluste bis zu 28 % der angewandten Biochar - Menge ver ur -","line":30,"x":70.911,"y":152.90400000000028,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"sachen kann (Major, 2010) . Zur Begrenzung dieser Verluste wurde das Bio char ","line":31,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":138.92700000000028,"width":"315.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":201,"change":"Addition","str":"vor der Anwendung im Weinberg befeuchtet, bis seine Feuchtigkei t 20 % sei -","line":32,"x":70.911,"y":124.95000000000027,"width":"312.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"nes Gewichts erreichte; zudem wurde d as Biochar direkt nach der Anwen -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":565.86,"width":"307.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"Ein Teil de s Biochar s könnte auch durch Wasser abtransportiert worden sei n, ","line":5,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":511.97700000000003,"width":"311.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"mit dem mineralischen Ante il des Bodens interagiert (Rumpel et al., 2006). Die ","line":9,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":456.1230000000001,"width":"316.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"durch Abfließen verursachten Biochar - Verluste k önnen über 50 % de s verteil -","line":10,"x":68.04899999999995,"y":442.14600000000013,"width":"312.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Biochar s au smachen (Major et al., 2010). Außerdem kann das Wasser d as","line":11,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":428.2230000000001,"width":"311.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"Singh et al. (2015) haben beobachtet, dass zwische n 1,2 und 15,7 % de s Bio -","line":13,"x":68.05799999999994,"y":400.2690000000002,"width":"308.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"char s i n eine Schicht des Bodens unter der Schicht transportiert wird, auf der ","line":14,"x":68.0669999999999,"y":386.2920000000002,"width":"314.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"es verteilt wurde. Der Verlust durch Perkolation könnte an unserem Ver -","line":15,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":372.3690000000002,"width":"310.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"Merkmale besitzt. Das würde mit den Resultaten der Studie von Singh et al. ","line":18,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":330.49200000000025,"width":"317.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"(2015) übereinstimmen, die beweist, dass der Biochar - Verlust durch Perkola -","line":19,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":316.51500000000027,"width":"312.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"tion bei Arenosolböden größer ist als der infolge von Mineralisierung . Außer -","line":20,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":302.5380000000003,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"dem könnten die pulverartige Beschaffenheit und die extreme Leichtigkeit de s","line":21,"x":68.07599999999996,"y":288.5610000000003,"width":"312.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"verwendeten Biochar s diese Phänomene erleichtert haben.","line":22,"x":68.07599999999996,"y":274.6380000000003,"width":"235.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"Aspekte wie zum Beispiel die Versuchsdauer be einflusst worden sein. Zahl -","line":24,"x":68.07599999999988,"y":234.6780000000003,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"reichen Studien zufolge wird die Schätzung des Biochar - Abbaus stark durch ","line":25,"x":68.08499999999987,"y":220.7550000000003,"width":"317.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"die Versuchsdauer beeinflusst (Fang et al., 2014; Kuzyakov et al., 2014; ","line":26,"x":68.08499999999987,"y":206.7780000000003,"width":"319.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"Kuzyakov et al., 2009; Ventura et al., 2019); dieser is t in den ersten beiden Jah -","line":27,"x":68.08499999999987,"y":192.8010000000003,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"Es sei gesagt, dass die bisherigen Studien zur Stabilität von B iochar im Boden ","line":31,"x":68.08499999999992,"y":124.94100000000029,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":202,"change":"Addition","str":"Umgebung durchgeführt wurden. Möglicherweise stellen diese Versuche die ","line":33,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":97.04100000000028,"width":"314.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"(Ventura et al., 2015, 2019) . Im Labor wer den Erscheinungen, die physikali -","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":551.883,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"sche Abbauprozesse und die chemische Oxidation von Biochar beschleunigen ","line":5,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":537.96,"width":"314.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"können, wie z. B . Wetterereignisse, Expositionen gegenüber Ozon und UV -","line":6,"x":70.91100000000003,"y":523.9830000000001,"width":"311.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"Strahlung oder Frost - Tau - Zyklen, möglicherweise nicht richtig simuliert ","line":7,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":510.0060000000001,"width":"319.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"(Kuzyakov et al., 2014; Spokas, 2010) . Außerdem kann die Bodenfauna, z. B. ","line":8,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":496.0830000000001,"width":"317.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"Regenwürmer, die Zerkleinerung de s Biochar s begünstigen und diese s so ei -","line":9,"x":70.92000000000004,"y":482.1060000000001,"width":"306.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"2013; Lehmann et al., 2011; Pingree et al., 2017) . Und schließlich kann das Vor -","line":11,"x":70.91100000000012,"y":454.15200000000016,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"handensein von Wurzeln im Boden den Abbau von Biochar um bis zu 50 % ","line":12,"x":70.91100000000012,"y":440.22900000000016,"width":"314.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"erhöhen (V entura et al., 2019) , da das Wurzelexsudat die mikrobielle Aktivität ","line":13,"x":70.91100000000014,"y":426.2520000000002,"width":"316.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"stimuliert (Keith et al., 2011; Luo et al., 2011) .","line":14,"x":70.91100000000013,"y":412.2750000000002,"width":"183.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Ergebnisse der BPCA - Analysen weisen keine signifikante Verringerung ","line":15,"x":70.91100000000014,"y":386.2920000000002,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"des Biochar - C - Gehalts im Boden zwischen dem Zeitpunkt t1 und dem Zeit -","line":16,"x":70.91100000000016,"y":372.3690000000002,"width":"314.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"punkt t3 auf (Abb. 4); vielmehr kann man eine tendenz ielle, wenn auch nicht ","line":17,"x":70.91100000000017,"y":358.3920000000002,"width":"317.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"Dieses Ergebnis wurde in früheren Studien beobachtet (Busch & Glaser, 2015; ","line":19,"x":70.91100000000017,"y":330.49200000000025,"width":"316.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"Fischer et al., 2018) und mit einer Vielfalt von Faktoren in Zusammenhang ","line":20,"x":70.91100000000014,"y":316.51500000000027,"width":"316.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"gebracht. Währen d die Untersuchungsergebnisse aufgrund der Komplexität ","line":21,"x":70.91100000000014,"y":302.5380000000003,"width":"317.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"der Verfahren einerseits von operativen Fehlern, wie zum Beispiel der Hete -","line":22,"x":70.91100000000013,"y":288.5610000000003,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"rogenität der Verteilung von Biochar auf dem Feld, sowie von möglichen Feh -","line":23,"x":70.91100000000012,"y":274.6380000000003,"width":"312.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"et al., 2018) , haben Glaser & Knorr (2008) andererseits eine nicht von pyroge-","line":25,"x":70.91100000000017,"y":246.68400000000034,"width":"311.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"nen Quellen abhängige Zunahme um 25 % des Biochar - C - Gehalts im Boden ","line":26,"x":70.91100000000014,"y":232.76100000000034,"width":"317.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"beobachtet. Die BPCA würden somit in situ in Form von Pigmenten von ver -","line":27,"x":70.92000000000019,"y":218.78400000000033,"width":"311.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"schiedenen Pilzarten wie Aspergillus niger und Cercosporina Kikuchii - Matsu -","line":28,"x":70.92000000000019,"y":204.80700000000033,"width":"312.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"moto - et - Tomoyasu erzeugt (Fischer et al., 2018). ","line":29,"x":70.92000000000024,"y":190.83000000000033,"width":"189.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"bei de n Behandlungen mit der höchsten Biochar - Dosis (B2 und B2C) zwei ","line":31,"x":70.92000000000021,"y":150.93300000000033,"width":"312.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"Jahre nach der Anwendung erheblich gestiegen ist (Abb. 6). Ähnliche Ergeb -","line":32,"x":70.92900000000017,"y":136.95600000000033,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"nisse wurden in früheren Studien an einem Oxisolboden der Savanne Kolum -","line":33,"x":70.92900000000014,"y":122.97900000000033,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":203,"change":"Addition","str":"biens erzielt (Major, 2009); dort wu rde nach dem Zusatz von 23,3 t/ha Biochar ","line":34,"x":70.92900000000014,"y":109.05600000000032,"width":"316.87","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"Anstieg des Gesamtkohlenstoffs wurde auch in der Behandlung BC2 gemes -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":565.86,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"sen, was beweist, dass die Anwendung von Kompost das Potenzial von Bio -","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":551.883,"width":"311.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"cha r zur mittelfristigen Speicherung des Kohlenstoffs im Boden nicht beein -","line":4,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":537.96,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"von Busch & Glaser (2015) , die über einen Anstieg um Faktor 1,7 des Kohlen -","line":6,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":510.0060000000001,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"stoffgehalts im Boden ein Jahr nach Anwendung von 25 t/ha Biochar in Kom -","line":7,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":496.0830000000001,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"bination mit Komp ost berichten, und von Liu et al. (201 2) , die einen Anstieg ","line":8,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":482.1060000000001,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"von Biochar im Boden bei beiden Me thoden aufgrund der hohen natürlichen ","line":12,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":412.3920000000001,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"und genaue Schätzungen schwierig macht, durch hohe Unsicherheit gekenn -","line":14,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":384.43800000000016,"width":"314.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"zeichnet sind. Andererseits macht ein Vergleich der erzielten Ergebnisse mit ","line":15,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":370.39800000000014,"width":"314.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"4.2 Vom Boden ausgehende Treibhausgasemissionen ","line":18,"x":68.04,"y":316.14,"width":"269.54","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"In dieser Studie wurden zeitlich sehr begrenzte und nur leichte Auswirkun -","line":19,"x":68.04,"y":298.2,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"gen von Biochar auf CO 2 - Emissionen beobachtet. In den Behandlungen, bei ","line":20,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":284.04,"width":"317.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"denen kein signifikanter Abbau de s Biochar s beobachtet wurde, bestätigt das ","line":21,"x":68.04299999999999,"y":270.297,"width":"312.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"Fehlen der Wirkungen auf die CO 2, - Emissionen einerseits die Stabilität de s Bi -","line":22,"x":68.04299999999998,"y":256.14,"width":"312.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"ochar s i m Boden, und verdeutlicht ande rerseits das Fehlen eines Reizes für ","line":23,"x":68.04300000000006,"y":242.343,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"des sogenannten Priming - Effekts. In der Behandlung B1 hingegen, bei der ein ","line":25,"x":68.05200000000008,"y":214.44299999999998,"width":"316.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"signifikanter Abbau de s Biochar s registriert wurde, weist das Fehlen e ines ","line":26,"x":68.05200000000008,"y":200.46599999999998,"width":"309.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"konsistenten Anstiegs der vom Boden ausgehenden CO 2 - Emissionen darauf ","line":27,"x":68.05200000000008,"y":186.3,"width":"317.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"hin, dass die aus dem Abbau der SOM stammenden Emissionen in Anwesen -","line":28,"x":68.04299999999998,"y":172.503,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"heit von Biochar reduziert wurden (negativer Priming - Effekt), d. h. dass das ","line":29,"x":68.04299999999995,"y":158.57999999999998,"width":"313.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar eine Schutzwirkung auf die SOM hatte. Diese Wirkung wurde bereits ","line":30,"x":68.05199999999991,"y":144.60299999999998,"width":"316.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":204,"change":"Addition","str":"zuvor ebenfalls unter Feldbedingungen beobachtet (Ventura et al., 2019) .","line":31,"x":68.05199999999991,"y":130.62599999999998,"width":"296.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"Die geringeren Wirkungen auf die CO 2 - Emissionen stehen offensichtlich in ","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":565.6799,"width":"317.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"Widerspruch zur Metaanalyse von He et al. (2017); diese fassen die Er gebnisse ","line":4,"x":70.923,"y":551.883,"width":"316.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"Schluss, dass die Verteilung von Biochar im Boden im Durchschnitt einen An -","line":6,"x":70.923,"y":523.9830000000001,"width":"312.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"stieg von 22 % der CO 2 - Emissionen i m Vergleich zum nicht verbesserten Bo -","line":7,"x":70.93200000000002,"y":509.8199,"width":"313.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"den verursacht. In der gleichen Metaanalyse wird jedoch über eine große Dif -","line":8,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":496.077,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"die CO 2 - Emissionen zeigt, sind in den Feldversuchen keine deutlichen Unter -","line":11,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":453.96,"width":"312.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"schiede gegenüber dem Kontrollboden zu sehen (He et al., 2017). Rezente Stu -","line":12,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":440.217,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"dien bestätigen, dass die Wirkung von Biochar auf die CO 2 - Emissionen unter ","line":13,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":426.06,"width":"316.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"Feldbedingungen unerheblich war (Lu et al., 2019; Ventura et al., 2019) , wenn ","line":14,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":412.26300000000003,"width":"316.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"nicht sogar negativ, also dass es sogar eine Abnahme der Emissionen verur -","line":15,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":398.28600000000006,"width":"311.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"sacht hat (Shen et al., 2017) . Die Ergebnisse d ieser Studie stimmen daher mit ","line":16,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":384.36300000000006,"width":"317.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"mäß der Metaanalyse von He et al. (2017) können andere Faktoren zu unserem ","line":19,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":342.4860000000001,"width":"316.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"Versuchsergebnis geführt haben. Insbesondere die Art der Ausgangsbio -","line":20,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":328.5090000000001,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"Wirkung von Biochar auf CO 2 - Emissionen zu haben. In den Versuchen, in de -","line":22,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":300.36,"width":"311.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"nen die Ausgangsbiomasse aus Holzmaterial be steht, die Produktionstempe -","line":23,"x":70.923,"y":286.617,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"die Anwendung von Biochar auf Agrarböden ähnlicher Breitengrade wie de -","line":25,"x":70.92300000000006,"y":258.66300000000007,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"nen unseres Versuchsstandorts keine offensichtliche Wirkung auf die CO 2 -","line":26,"x":70.92300000000006,"y":244.56,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"Emission en (He et al., 2017).","line":27,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":230.763,"width":"114.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"gestellt; sie weisen bei allen Behandlungen auf einen Nettoverbrauch von Me-","line":29,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":190.803,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"unter Vernässung leiden, durch die Aktivität der Mikroorganismen im Boden ","line":31,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":162.903,"width":"316.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"verbraucht wird (Jeffery et al., 2016). Unter diesen Bedingungen tendiert Bio -","line":32,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":148.926,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"Bodens zu reduzieren (Jeffery et al., 2016) , vor allem wenn der pH - Wert des ","line":34,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":121.02599999999998,"width":"317.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":205,"change":"Addition","str":"Bodens zwischen 6 und 8 und die Produktionstemperatur de s Biochar s unter ","line":35,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":107.04899999999998,"width":"311.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"600 °C liegt. Eine solche Wirkung de s Biochar s , die zu einer Verringerung der ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":565.86,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"starken Treibhausgases zu senken, wurde in dieser Stud ie hingegen nicht be -","line":4,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":537.96,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"obachtet. Das Fehlen von Wirkungen de s Biochar s auf die Methanflüsse im ","line":5,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":523.9830000000001,"width":"311.18","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"Boden bestätigt jedoch die Beobachtungen der anderen Studien (He et al., ","line":6,"x":68.0400000000001,"y":510.0060000000001,"width":"318.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"2017) . Gemäß He et al. (2017) kann die Methanaufnahme bei Anwendung von","line":7,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":496.0830000000001,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar mit sehr hohem pH - Wert und grober Bodenstruktur steigen. Ange-","line":8,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":482.1060000000001,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"sichts des hohen pH - Werts (12,5) de s in dieser Studie verwendeten Biochar s","line":9,"x":68.0490000000001,"y":468.12900000000013,"width":"311.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"und der sandig - lehmigen Struktur des Bodens am Versuchsstandort hätten ","line":10,"x":68.05800000000016,"y":454.15200000000016,"width":"317.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"wir uns daher negativere Flüsse in dem mit Biochar behandelten Boden er -","line":11,"x":68.06700000000016,"y":440.22900000000016,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"wartet. Andererseits ist es möglich, d ass die Kombination anderer Faktoren ","line":12,"x":68.06700000000018,"y":426.2520000000002,"width":"317.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"die positiven Wirkungen de s Biochar s auf den Methanverbrauch des Bodens ","line":13,"x":68.06700000000018,"y":412.2750000000002,"width":"311.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"Aus den in der Literatur berichteten Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass die N 2 O -","line":15,"x":68.06700000000018,"y":372.18,"width":"314.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"Emissionen des Bodens in der Regel durch die Bodenverbes serung mit Bio -","line":16,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":358.38300000000004,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"He et al., 2017) berichten über eine durchschnittliche Verringerung um 30 % ","line":18,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":330.48300000000006,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"Böde n. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie bestätigen diese Evidenzen nur teilweise. ","line":20,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":302.5290000000001,"width":"316.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"in den mit 50 t/ha Biochar verbesserten Böden nur bei 4 der i m Laufe des Ver -","line":22,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":274.62900000000013,"width":"314.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"suchs durchgeführten Messreihen beobachtet. Gemäß den Berichten von He ","line":23,"x":68.04600000000005,"y":260.65200000000016,"width":"313.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"et al. (2017) könnte dieses Ergebnis auf die spezifischen Versuchsb edingungen ","line":24,"x":68.03700000000005,"y":246.67500000000015,"width":"317.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"zurückzuführen sein, wie zum Beispiel ein fast neutraler pH - Wert des Bodens, ","line":25,"x":68.03700000000009,"y":232.75200000000015,"width":"316.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"eher niedrige Dosierungen von Biochar und der Nichteinsatz von Düngemit -","line":26,"x":68.04600000000005,"y":218.77500000000015,"width":"312.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"teln. Die höchs ten N 2 O - Emissionen werden generell in den mit N gedüngten ","line":27,"x":68.0460000000001,"y":204.6,"width":"316.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"Böden beobachtet (He et al., 2017) . Da d er Weinberg während des Versuchs","line":28,"x":68.04,"y":190.803,"width":"314.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"nicht mit Stickstoff gedüngt wurde, ist es normal, dass die N 2 O - Flüsse b ereits ","line":29,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":176.7,"width":"316.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"auf natürliche Weise niedrig sind und das Biochar daher keine große Wirkung ","line":30,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":162.903,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"zeigt. Andererseits hä tten Cayuela et al. (2014) zufolge bestimmte Parameter ","line":31,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":148.926,"width":"316.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"de s Biochar s , wie z. B. die ursprüngliche Biomasse, die Produktionstempera -","line":32,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":134.94899999999998,"width":"308.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":206,"change":"Addition","str":"tur und das Verhältnis C/N , eine viel markanterer Verringeru ng der N 2 O -","line":33,"x":68.0399999999999,"y":120.84,"width":"310.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":207,"change":"Addition","str":"Beobachtungszeit von mehr als zwei Jahren. Weitere Schluss folgerungen aus ","line":5,"x":70.92,"y":537.96,"width":"317.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":207,"change":"Addition","str":"hausgasemissionen über den gesamten Versuchsz eitraum, circa zweieinhalb ","line":7,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":510.0060000000001,"width":"317.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":207,"change":"Addition","str":"trachtung der im Rahmen des V ersuchs gemessenen Emissionsdaten und der ","line":9,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":482.1060000000001,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":207,"change":"Addition","str":"5. Schlussfolgerungen","line":13,"x":70.92,"y":394.62,"width":"115.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":207,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Versuchsergebnisse dieser Arbeit zeigen, dass das von Record Immobili -","line":14,"x":70.92,"y":368.64,"width":"311.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":207,"change":"Addition","str":"are aus Holzbiomasse erzeugte Biochar bei angemessener Dosierung vernach -","line":15,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":354.663,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":207,"change":"Addition","str":"lässigbar geringe Auswirkungen auf die Kohlendioxid - und Metha nemissio -","line":16,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":340.623,"width":"311.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":207,"change":"Addition","str":"nen hat, während es eine leichte Verringerung der vom Boden ausgehenden ","line":17,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":326.646,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":207,"change":"Addition","str":"Stickstoffdioxidemissionen bewirkt. Das bedeutet , dass d as in dieser Studie ","line":18,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":312.66900000000004,"width":"311.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":211,"change":"Addition","str":"boreal forest soils. Biolo , 53 , 873– 884. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374- 017-","line":21,"x":85.1400000000001,"y":312.0959000000002,"width":"298.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":211,"change":"Addition","str":"and burn agriculture. CATENA , 65 (1), 30 – 40.","line":25,"x":85.1490000000001,"y":256.12490000000025,"width":"181.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":211,"change":"Addition","str":"climate conditions in Northwest China. Sustainability , 9 (1482), 1– 13. ","line":29,"x":85.15800000000013,"y":200.09090000000026,"width":"298.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":211,"change":"Addition","str":"Temperate Pastures. PLoS ONE , 1 – 20.","line":34,"x":85.14900000000011,"y":130.14290000000025,"width":"152.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":212,"change":"Addition","str":"Singh, N., Abiven, S., Torn, M. S., & Schmidt, M. W. I. (2012). Fire - derived ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"313.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":212,"change":"Addition","str":"organic carbon in soil turns over on a centennial scale. Biogeosciences , 9 , ","line":3,"x":82.25999999999999,"y":550.0829,"width":"301.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":212,"change":"Addition","str":"2847 – 2857. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg - 9 - 2847 - 2012","line":4,"x":82.26000000000005,"y":536.0429,"width":"200.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":212,"change":"Addition","str":"523. https://doi.org/10 .1111/gcbb.12266","line":17,"x":82.28700000000009,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"157.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"Timo Rossberg – LCA Works Limit ed, Bedford, Vereinigtes Königreich ","line":6,"x":70.91099999999997,"y":480.60600000000005,"width":"307.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"Onesmus Mwabonje – LCA Works Limited, Bedford, Vereinigtes Königreich","line":7,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":466.6290000000001,"width":"326.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"Jeremy Woods – LCA Works Limited, Bedford, Vereinigtes Königreich","line":9,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":438.6120000000001,"width":"303.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"Giustino Tonon – F reie Universität Bozen","line":10,"x":70.94700000000006,"y":424.56,"width":"175.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["QUZYQN+Arial-BoldMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"hausgasemissionen evaluiert, die mit der Erzeugung und Nutzung von Biochar aus ","line":13,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":336.23784,"width":"314.59","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"Zum heutigen Tag gibt es in Südtirol ungefähr 40 Vergasungsanlagen, die zehn verschie -","line":15,"x":70.92798000000003,"y":309.23352,"width":"314.50","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"ist negativ. In der Tat ist die Holzvergasung eine emissionsfreie Technologie, die als Ers atz ","line":20,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":241.72271999999998,"width":"315.57","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"Das Projekt W OOD - U P s chlägt verschiedene Methoden zur Aufwertung der aktuellen ","line":22,"x":70.91202000000001,"y":214.71839999999997,"width":"312.03","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"rische Öle extrahiert werden . Die Extraktion ist ein Verfahren mit hohem Energiever -","line":24,"x":70.91202000000004,"y":187.71407999999997,"width":"314.50","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"brauch, aber die Auswirkungen sind nicht so hoch, dass sie zu einer nachteiligen Net-","line":25,"x":70.91202000000004,"y":174.21191999999996,"width":"314.20","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"tobilanz der Produktionskette führen würden. Außerdem kann Biochar als Bodenver -","line":26,"x":70.91202000000004,"y":160.70975999999996,"width":"314.46","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"besserungsmittel in der Landwirtschaft eingesetzt werden, wenn es bestimmten gesetz -","line":27,"x":70.91202000000004,"y":147.20759999999996,"width":"312.70","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"lichen Parametern entspricht. Zu diesem Zweck schl ägt das Projekt Wood - Up die Nut -","line":28,"x":70.91202000000004,"y":133.70543999999995,"width":"314.37","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"zung einer „verbesserten“ Technologie vor, mit der die Erzeugung eines für die land-","line":29,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":120.20327999999995,"width":"311.94","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":213,"change":"Addition","str":"zufolge verbessert die neue Technologie die Nettobilanz der P roduktionskette und die ","line":31,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":93.19895999999994,"width":"316.77","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":214,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":214,"change":"Addition","str":"Verteilung von Biochar im Boden erhöht den Kohlenstoffbestand; dadurch könnten we -","line":2,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":564.24368,"width":"313.15","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":214,"change":"Addition","str":"niger synthetische Düngemittel und weniger Wasse r zu Bewässerungszwecken einge -","line":3,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":550.74152,"width":"314.45","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":214,"change":"Addition","str":"W einberge (5.500 ha) und der Apfelplantagen (19.000 ha) also um eine recht kleine Flä -","line":8,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":483.23072,"width":"314.36","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":214,"change":"Addition","str":"vorrufen, wenn die Biochar - Produktion gleich bleibt. Daraus folgt, dass die Implemen-","line":13,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":415.71992,"width":"310.33","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":214,"change":"Addition","str":"tierung dieser Sze narien nur durch eine Planung und politische Unterstützung auf ","line":14,"x":68.04798000000005,"y":402.21776,"width":"318.09","height":"7.98","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":214,"change":"Addition","str":"so rgung der Rückstände aus der Vergasung durch Abgabe de s Biochar s an ","line":30,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":137.30700000000004,"width":"308.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":214,"change":"Addition","str":"zeugte Biochar nicht den gesetzlichen Par ametern für eine Nutzung in der ","line":33,"x":68.0489999999999,"y":95.31300000000003,"width":"318.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"Landwirtschaft (Amtsblatt 186, 12.08.2015); es kann daher nicht als Bodenver-","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"311.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"Auf Grundlage der im Rahmen des Projekts Wood- Up gewonnenen Daten ","line":4,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":536.0429,"width":"318.11","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde die aktuelle Produktionskette daher mit einer möglichen optimierten ","line":5,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":522.0659,"width":"314.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"In diesem Kapitel werden die Methoden der verwendeten Lebenszyklusana -","line":11,"x":70.929,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"(Hamedani et a l., 2019; Ibarrola et al., 2012; Lugato et al., 2013; Roberts et al., ","line":15,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"317.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"der Stromerzeugung zwar wenig er effizient als die Vergasung ist, dafür aber ","line":23,"x":70.9380000000001,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"317.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"einen stärkeren Rückgang der CO2 - Emissionen gewährleisten würde, da sie ","line":24,"x":70.9380000000001,"y":256.12490000000025,"width":"317.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"eine größere Menge Biochar pro Einheit des Ausgangsmaterials erzeugt; dabei ","line":25,"x":70.93800000000013,"y":242.08490000000026,"width":"316.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"wird angenommen, dass 68 % des Kohlenstoffs de s auf dem Boden eingesetz -","line":26,"x":70.93800000000013,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"310.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Biochar für mindestens 100 Jahre fest im Boden verbleiben . Bei gleichem ","line":27,"x":70.92900000000014,"y":214.13090000000025,"width":"317.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"nachhaltiger g egenüber einer kompletten Verbrennung der Biomasse erwie-","line":30,"x":70.92900000000014,"y":172.13690000000025,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"die Produktion sketten „Biomasse - energetische Umwandlung - Bestim -","line":32,"x":70.92900000000014,"y":144.11990000000026,"width":"303.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"mungszweck des Kohlenstoffrückstands“ kennzeichnen, mache n eine Evalu -","line":33,"x":70.9290000000002,"y":130.14290000000025,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"ierung der Umweltwirkungen mit LCA für jede Produktionskette, die in Be -","line":34,"x":70.92000000000024,"y":116.10290000000025,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":215,"change":"Addition","str":"tracht gezogen werden soll, erforderlich (Matustik et al., 20 20). Aus diesem ","line":35,"x":70.92000000000024,"y":102.12590000000024,"width":"317.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"Wood - Up zu erstellen; dazu wurden hauptsächlich die Daten der verschiede -","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":550.0829,"width":"312.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"nen Projektpartner der einzelnen Phasen der Produktionskette verwendet. ","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"Mit einer derart spezifischen LCA l ässt sich ein realistisches Bild der aktuellen ","line":5,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":522.0659,"width":"316.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"Situation zeichnen und eine Evaluierung der konkret en Alternativen für die ","line":6,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"317.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"Wir nehmen an, dass durch die LCA verdeutlicht wird , wie die in Wood - Up ","line":8,"x":68.049,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"308.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"vorgeschlagene innovativ e Produktionskette der Holzvergasung zur Verrin -","line":9,"x":68.05799999999994,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"dernde Emissionen g ekennzeichnet sind. Die Energieerzeugung au s Biomasse ","line":12,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"317.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"ist eine erneuerbare Energiequelle, die fossile Brennstoffe ersetzt (European Par -","line":13,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"Düngemitteln gegenüber dem der in der Provinz stärker verbreiteten agrono -","line":16,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"310.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Mate rialien und Methoden","line":19,"x":68.04,"y":296.22,"width":"148.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"Die LCA für das Pro jekt Wood - Up wurde mit den international standardisier -","line":20,"x":68.04,"y":270.3,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Methoden ISO 14040 und 14044 (ISO, 2006a, 2006b) und den vom interna -","line":21,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":256.26,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"tionalen Bezugsleitfaden empfohlenen besten Praktiken für die Erstellung ei -","line":22,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":242.283,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"nes Life Cycle Assessment, dem ILCD Handbook des Joi nt Research Center ","line":23,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":228.30599999999998,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"2 . 1 Definition des Ziels und des Anwendungsbereichs ","line":26,"x":68.04,"y":174.06,"width":"266.52","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"Z iel d ieser Analyse ist der Vergleich der U mweltwirkungen der aktuellen ","line":27,"x":68.04,"y":154.26,"width":"318.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"Südtiroler Produktionskette der Holzvergasung mit denen einer „verbesser -","line":28,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":140.283,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":216,"change":"Addition","str":"spezifisch auf die Aufwertung der Biomasse d urch Extraktion ätherischer Öle ","line":30,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":112.26599999999998,"width":"316.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"vor der energetischen Nutzung und auf die Verwendung d e s Biochar s als Bo -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"309.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"denverbesserungsmittel in der Landwirtschaft. Außerdem soll geprüft wer -","line":3,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"den, welchen Einfluss bestimmte Faktoren auf die Nettobilanz der Produkti -","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"onskette haben, z. B. die Herkunft der Bi omasse und die bei ihrem Transport ","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":522.0659,"width":"316.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"Energie (kg Öläquivalent) und der Klimawandel (kg CO2 - Äquivalent über ei -","line":8,"x":70.92,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"nen Zeitraum von 10 0 Jahren). Die Umweltwirkungen der einzelnen Prozesse ","line":9,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"316.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden durch Multiplikation der Emissionsfaktoren mit den Material - und ","line":10,"x":70.92000000000003,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"313.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"Energie - Inputs der funktionellen Einheit der LCA berechnet , die in diesem ","line":11,"x":70.911,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"314.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"Fall 1 Tonne Biochar entspricht. Nähere Einzelheiten zu den Berechnungen ","line":12,"x":70.91100000000009,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"317.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":217,"change":"Addition","str":"sind in Abschn itt 2.3 dieses Kapitels aufgeführt.","line":13,"x":70.91100000000009,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"195.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Produktion von Rundholz und Hackschnitzeln (in Südtirol, Österreich und ","line":5,"x":128.7044,"y":54.1145,"width":"190.84","height":"6.37","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Produktion von Holzpellets (in ","line":7,"x":188.1606,"y":54.6265,"width":"78.87","height":"6.37","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Transport der Biomasse mit Lkw und Bahn (innerhalb von Südtirol und aus ","line":11,"x":133.7803,"y":129.4581,"width":"192.17","height":"6.37","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Österreich, Polen und Slowenien) Sensibilitäts","line":12,"x":180.2959,"y":133.7105,"width":"118.11","height":"6.37","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasung (aktuelle ","line":15,"x":133.7597,"y":291.1653,"width":"52.85","height":"6.37","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasung (verbesserte Technologien)","line":17,"x":201.9817,"y":287.8192,"width":"99.90","height":"6.37","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Rundholz und Hackschnitzeln","line":20,"x":169.5415,"y":203.9135,"width":"67.17","height":"5.73","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"- Extraktion (SOX)","line":22,"x":183.5599,"y":209.8668,"width":"39.38","height":"5.73","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Transport zur Biochar zur Entsorgungsanlage Sensibilitätsanalyse Transport der Biochar zu den Agrarböden Sensibilitätsanalyse","line":23,"x":131.2075,"y":372.4443,"width":"310.52","height":"6.37","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar im Weinberg Verteilung der Biochar in der Obstplantage","line":25,"x":178.4286,"y":452.4433,"width":"165.27","height":"6.37","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Rundholz und Hackschnitzeln Extraktion mit ","line":28,"x":209.305,"y":203.6882,"width":"101.17","height":"5.73","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Entsorgungsanlage Sensibilitätsanalyse","line":34,"x":181.7611,"y":379.1872,"width":"91.03","height":"5.73","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri","KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"von Zement Verbrennung Mülldeponie","line":36,"x":126.9985,"y":463.5649,"width":"95.31","height":"6.37","fontName":["OORMCL+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Energie Energie","line":37,"x":114.6294,"y":293.2214,"width":"39.55","height":"6.37","fontName":["KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Nutzen für Landwirtschaft und Umwelt Rohstoffe für die Produktion von Beton Energie Energie aus Deponiegas","line":38,"x":127.0588,"y":529.1141,"width":"289.94","height":"6.37","fontName":["KITOYT+Calibri-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Aktuelle oder verbesserte ","line":42,"x":162.425,"y":289.5669,"width":"61.86","height":"5.73","fontName":["HPZZYJ+Calibri-BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":218,"change":"Addition","str":"Wenn die Biochar nicht in der Landwirtschaft genutzt wird","line":45,"x":109.9368,"y":359.6722,"width":"153.92","height":"6.37","fontName":["HPZZYJ+Calibri-BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"Die untersuchte Produktionskette ist im Flussdiagramm der Abb ildung 1 dar -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"312.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"Südtiroler Produktionskette (Szenario 1) und der von 6 Alternativsz enarien ","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"313.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Blöcke des Diagramms ste llen Prozesseinheiten dar, während die Pfeile ","line":6,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"317.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"die Ströme der Biomasse und anderer Arten von Material oder Energie zeigen. ","line":7,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"312.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"Texte kennzeich nen parallel laufende Prozesse und Ströme, d. h. jede Farbe ","line":9,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"317.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"nicht, und nicht eine Teilung des Material- / Energiestroms innerhalb eines be -","line":11,"x":70.93800000000006,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"stimmten Szenarios. Gleichfarbige Pfeile stehen für Material - / Energieströme ","line":12,"x":70.94700000000006,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"317.07","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"zum nächste n Prozess (Abb. 1).","line":13,"x":70.947,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"127.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"- Szenario 1 – Aktuelle Situation: Evaluierung der aktuell in Südtirol ge -","line":15,"x":70.947,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"299.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"nutzten Vergasungsprozesse: die aktuelle Art und Herkunft der verwen -","line":16,"x":85.16699999999997,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"300.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"deten Biomasse, keine Extraktion von hochwertigen Verbindungen aus ","line":17,"x":85.16699999999997,"y":340.1129000000002,"width":"304.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"der Biomasse vor der Vergasung, die aktuellen Technologien der Verga -","line":18,"x":85.16699999999997,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"300.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"(Kohle, Asche, Teer) ohne Einsa tz von Biochar auf landwirtschaftlichen ","line":20,"x":85.16699999999997,"y":298.1189000000002,"width":"295.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"Böd en.","line":21,"x":85.17600000000004,"y":284.0789000000002,"width":"28.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"- Szenario 2 – Aktuelle Situation + Extraktion von hochwertigen Verbindun -","line":22,"x":70.95600000000005,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"301.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"gen: e in Szenario mit den gleichen Voraussetzungen wie im Szenario 1, ","line":23,"x":85.17600000000004,"y":256.12490000000025,"width":"302.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"aber mit Extraktion hochwertiger Verbindungen (ätherische Öle) aus der ","line":24,"x":85.17600000000004,"y":242.08490000000026,"width":"302.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"Holzbiomasse vor der Vergasung. Aus dem Vergleich dieses Szenario s mit ","line":25,"x":85.17600000000004,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"300.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"Öle auf die Emissionen des CO2 - Äquivalents und den Verbrauch fossiler ","line":27,"x":85.17600000000004,"y":200.09090000000026,"width":"302.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"Energiequellen ermittelt werden. Die Extra ktion kann mit der Soxhlet - Me -","line":28,"x":85.17600000000004,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"300.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"- Szenario 3 – Aktuelle Situation + V erbesserte Vergasung: e in Szenario mit ","line":30,"x":70.965,"y":158.09690000000026,"width":"303.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasungstechnologien, die i n der Lage sind, ein für die Nutzung in der ","line":32,"x":85.185,"y":130.14290000000025,"width":"302.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":219,"change":"Addition","str":"L andwirtschaft geeignete s Biochar zu produzieren, übereinstimmend mit ","line":33,"x":85.18500000000002,"y":116.10290000000025,"width":"300.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"den Resultaten des WP 6 des Projekts Wood - Up. Mit diesem Szenario kön -","line":2,"x":82.26,"y":564.0599,"width":"300.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"den en der verbesserten Technologien verglichen werden.","line":4,"x":82.269,"y":536.0429,"width":"233.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"- Szenario 4 – Aktuelle Situation + Extraktion von hochwertigen Verbindun -","line":5,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":522.0659,"width":"301.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"gen: e in Szenario mit den gleichen Voraussetzungen wie Szenario 3, aber ","line":6,"x":82.27799999999996,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"302.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"mit zusätzlicher Extraktion hochwertiger Verbindungen (äther ische Öle) ","line":7,"x":82.27799999999996,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"303.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"aus der Holzbiomasse vor der Vergasu ng.","line":8,"x":82.27799999999996,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"171.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"- Szenario 5 – Verbesserte Vergasung + Anwendung von Biochar auf land-","line":9,"x":68.05799999999996,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"299.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"wirtschaftlichen Böden (Weinberg): e in Szenario mit den gleichen Parame -","line":10,"x":82.27799999999996,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"300.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"tern wie Szenario 3, aber mit Anwendung von Biochar in den Weinbe rgen ","line":11,"x":82.26899999999995,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"302.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"Südtirols. Statt entsorgt zu werden kann d as Biochar dank der Nutzung ","line":12,"x":82.26899999999995,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"300.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"verbesserter Vergasungstechnologien als Bodenverbesserung smittel in ","line":13,"x":82.26899999999995,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"297.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"Vorteile oder Umweltwirkungen gemessen werde n, die entstehen, wenn ","line":15,"x":82.26899999999995,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"303.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"d as Biochar auf landwirtschaftlichen Böden eingesetzt wird , statt als Ab-","line":16,"x":82.26899999999992,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"294.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"fall entsorgt zu werden .","line":17,"x":82.28699999999992,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"97.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"- Szenario 6 – Verbesserte Vergasung + Anwendung von Biochar auf land-","line":18,"x":68.07599999999991,"y":340.1129000000002,"width":"297.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"wirtschaftlichen Böden (Apfelplantage): e in Szenario mit den gleich en Pa -","line":19,"x":82.29599999999994,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"300.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"rametern wie Szenario 5, aber mit Verteilung von Biochar in den Apfel -","line":20,"x":82.29599999999988,"y":312.0959000000002,"width":"296.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"plantagen statt in den Weinbergen Südtirols. Dieses Szenario dient zur Er -","line":21,"x":82.3049999999999,"y":298.1189000000002,"width":"300.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar in den wichtigsten landwirts chaftlichen Kulturen Südtirols.","line":23,"x":82.3049999999999,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"276.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"- Szenario 7 – Aktuelle Situation + Extraktion von hochwertigen Verbindun -","line":24,"x":68.08499999999987,"y":256.12490000000025,"width":"299.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"gen + Anwendung von Biochar in der Landwirtschaft: e in Szenario mit den ","line":25,"x":82.3049999999999,"y":242.08490000000026,"width":"300.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"hochwertiger Verbindungen (ätherische Öle) aus der Hol zbiomasse vor ","line":27,"x":82.31399999999994,"y":214.13090000000025,"width":"304.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"- Dynamisches Szenario: e in Szenario, das von Mal zu Mal definiert wird, je ","line":29,"x":68.09399999999994,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"305.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"Szenario ist ein nützliches Mittel zur Bewe rtung der einzelnen Auswir -","line":31,"x":82.31399999999994,"y":158.09690000000026,"width":"300.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":220,"change":"Addition","str":"kungen aller Proz esse der Produktionskette und zur Umsetzung der Sen -","line":32,"x":82.31399999999991,"y":144.11990000000026,"width":"300.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"Die LCA wurde mit einem Attributions- und folgenorientierten Ansatz durchge -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"309.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"führt. Unter dem Attributionsmodell versteht sich eine Analyse der Wirkun -","line":3,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"(McManus & Taylor, 2015). Zum Beispiel kann die Verbreitung von Verga -","line":7,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"311.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"sun gsanlagen im Südtirol die Nachfrage nach elektrischer Energie aus dem ","line":8,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"317.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"Landwirtschaft kann den Einsatz von Düngemitteln gegenüber der trad itio -","line":10,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"2.2 Bestandsaufnahme des Lebenszyklus (LCI) und LCA ","line":12,"x":70.92,"y":411.84,"width":"285.22","height":"10.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"D ie Bestandsdaten ( Life Cycle Inventory, LCI ) wurden, soweit möglich, den For -","line":14,"x":70.92,"y":378.06,"width":"314.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"schungsarbeiten des Projekts Wood - Up entnommen. Diese Primärdaten lie -","line":15,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":364.083,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"fern möglichst genaue Werte für die Studie der Produk tionskette. Sofern die ","line":16,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":350.043,"width":"317.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"auf sekundäre Daten aus der Datenbank Ecoinvent 3 (Version 3.1, aktualisiert ","line":18,"x":70.93800000000002,"y":322.08900000000006,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"auf 2014 (Wernet et al., 2016) u nd aus der einschlägigen wissenschaftlichen ","line":19,"x":70.93799999999996,"y":308.04900000000004,"width":"317.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"Literatur zurückgegriffen. Die Bestandsaufnahme (LCI) wurde mit Microsoft ","line":20,"x":70.93799999999996,"y":294.07200000000006,"width":"316.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"Excel erstellt.","line":21,"x":70.93799999999996,"y":280.0950000000001,"width":"52.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"Eine Reihe von Excel - Blättern wurde in eine Datei (LCA Workbook ) integriert, ","line":22,"x":70.93799999999996,"y":266.05500000000006,"width":"317.15","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"um die LCI mit den Emissionen jedes Prozesses der Produktionskette zu ver -","line":23,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":252.07800000000006,"width":"314.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"einen; diese wurden mit der Software SimaPro, Version 8.0.5.13 berechnet ","line":24,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":238.10100000000006,"width":"315.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"Für andere Prozesse wi e die Anwendung von Biochar auf landwirtschaftli -","line":27,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":196.10700000000006,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"chen Böden wurden die Daten über die Auswirkungen von den Partnern des ","line":28,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":182.06700000000006,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"Projekts Wood - Up geliefert oder durch das vom Institut für Energie - und Um -","line":29,"x":70.92900000000004,"y":168.09000000000006,"width":"312.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":221,"change":"Addition","str":"gewonnen; das Tool e rmöglicht die Harmonisierung der Berechnungen zu ","line":31,"x":70.9380000000001,"y":140.07300000000006,"width":"318.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Bestandsaufnahme (Life Cycle Inventory, LCI) und die Lebenszyklusana -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"lyse (Life Cycle Assessment, LCA) w urden für jedes in Abschnitt 2.1 aufge-","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"von den Partnern des Projekts Wood - Up produziert wurden, und Sekundär-","line":7,"x":68.04,"y":476.03999999999996,"width":"311.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"daten aus der Datenbank Ecoinvent 3 und der Literatur. Die Quellen und Hy -","line":8,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":462.063,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"pothesen, auf denen das LCA Workbook für die verschiedenen Prozesse der ","line":9,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":448.086,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"D ie Produktion von Holzbiomasse für di e Holzvergasung umfasst die Pro-","line":12,"x":68.04,"y":397.08,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"duktion von Rundholz und Hackschnitzeln aus dem Südtirol und dem Aus-","line":13,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":383.03999999999996,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"zu den Ve rgasungsanlagen befördert, wo sie bei Bedarf zu einer für die Nut -","line":16,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":341.046,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"zung im Vergaser geeignete n Stückgröße weiterverarbeitet werden . Auf ","line":17,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":327.069,"width":"311.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"Es wurde angenommen , dass die ge samte zur Vergasung genutzte Holzbio -","line":20,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":285.07500000000005,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"masse aus Rottannen ( Pi cea abies (L.) H. Karst., 1881) stammt, da aus den Fra -","line":21,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":271.09800000000007,"width":"312.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"gebögen, die den Betreibern der Vergasungsanlagen vorgelegt wurden, her -","line":22,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":257.05800000000005,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"vorging, dass diese Holzart in Südtirol die breiteste Anwendung finde t.","line":23,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":243.08100000000005,"width":"292.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Anteile der verwendeten Arten von Biomasse verteilen si ch gemäß den ","line":24,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":229.10400000000004,"width":"317.77","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"Fragebögen wie folgt: 69 % Rundholz oder Hackschnitzel (davon 50 % Rund -","line":25,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":215.06400000000005,"width":"311.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"holz und 50 % Hackschnitzel) und 31 % Pellets.","line":26,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":201.08700000000005,"width":"188.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"85 % des Rundholzes und der Hackschnitzel stammen aus Südtirol und die ","line":27,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":187.11000000000004,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"übrigen 15 % werden aus dem Ausland importiert (50 % a us Slowenien und ","line":28,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":173.07000000000005,"width":"317.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"50 % aus Österreich). 50 % der Hackschnitzel stammen aus Sägewerksrück -","line":29,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":159.09300000000005,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"ständen und die übrigen 50 % sind ein primäres Waldprodukt. Alle in Verga -","line":30,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":145.11600000000004,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":222,"change":"Addition","str":"aus Österreich und 10 % aus Polen).","line":32,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":117.09900000000005,"width":"146.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"von 1 Tonne Biochar erforderliche Biomasse - Gesamtmenge rekonstruiert; da -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"bei wurden die Inputs, die Output s und die Daten zum Biomasseverlust in ","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"317.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"den Prozessen vor der Verga sung berücksichtigt. Wenn vor der Vergasung ","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":522.0659,"width":"317.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar auf Provinzebene 33,47 t Holzbiomasse. Wird hingegen der Proze ss ","line":7,"x":70.92000000000003,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"316.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"der Soxhlet - Extraktion in die Produktionskette eingefügt, werde n 34,62 t Bio-","line":8,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"t. Die Differenz in den beiden Schätzungen ist auf die unterschiedlichen Bio -","line":10,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"masseverluste in den b eiden Extraktionsmethoden zurückzuführen. Nähere ","line":11,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"317.97","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"Angaben finden sich im Abschnitt über den Extraktionsprozess (2.3.3.).","line":12,"x":70.92900000000004,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"287.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"Die beschreibenden Prozesse der Biomasseproduktion wurden von der Da -","line":13,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"tenbank Ecoinvent 3 ausgewählt; Die Wahl fiel auf d ie Daten, die al s die bes -","line":14,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":396.08390000000014,"width":"311.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"ten Annäherungswerte betrachtet wurden . In den F ä ll en , in de nen für das ","line":15,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"308.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"Südtiroler oder das italienische Umfeld keine Daten vorhanden waren, wur -","line":16,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"314.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"ausgewählten Prozessen u m die Produktion von Rundholz und Hackschnit -","line":18,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":340.1129000000002,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"zeln in der Schweiz aus ein er nachhaltigen forstwirtschaftlichen Produktions -","line":19,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"kette von Weichholz und um die Produktion von Hackschnitzeln eines Säge -","line":20,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":312.0959000000002,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"werks. Der in Ecoinvent aufgeführte Stromverbrauch für die Pro duktion von ","line":21,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":298.1189000000002,"width":"317.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"Holzbiomasse wurden an den italienischen Stromquellenmix angep asst. ","line":22,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":284.0789000000002,"width":"295.89","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Inputs von biogenem Kohlenstoff, d. h. die CO 2 - Aufnahme mittels Foto -","line":23,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":269.88,"width":"314.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"synthese und Wachstum der Bäume, wurden aus den in Ecoinvent 3 ausge -","line":24,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":256.083,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"wählten Prozessen bezüglich der Bi omasseproduktion eliminiert, da sie be -","line":25,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":242.04300000000003,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"reits im LCA - Workbook berücksichtigt w orden waren, in dem die Vergasung ","line":26,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":228.06600000000003,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"d ie Ziele erneuerbarer Energien in der Europäischen Union).","line":29,"x":70.92599999999996,"y":186.07200000000003,"width":"247.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":223,"change":"Addition","str":"transportiert. Im Falle der Szenarien, die eine Phase der Extraktion äther ischer ","line":32,"x":70.92,"y":135.063,"width":"316.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"Öle umfassen, wurde angenommen, dass diese in der Vergasungsanlage sta tt -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"auf Rädern erfolgen, für Biomasse aus dem Ausland hingegen, dass 50 % des ","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"Transports auf Rädern und 50 % auf der Schiene stattfinden. Die Rückreise ","line":7,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"nicht immer zutreffen, ermöglicht aber konservative Schätzung en.","line":9,"x":68.049,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"269.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"mi t Google Maps (2020) berechnet. Die durchschnittlichen Distanzen für die ","line":11,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"313.29","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"Hin - und Rückfahrt liegen bei 150 km, wenn der Transport innerhalb Südtirols ","line":12,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"stattfindet, bei 800 km, wen n die Ladung aus Österreich und Slowenien und ","line":13,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"317.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"bei 2.400 km, wenn sie aus Polen kommt.","line":14,"x":68.05800000000004,"y":396.08390000000014,"width":"164.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"Außerdem wurde für die Sensibilitätsanalyse die Möglichkeit vorgesehen , ","line":15,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"316.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"manuell theoretische Entfernungen in das LCA - Workbook einzufügen, um ","line":16,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"318.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"entste hen und somit die transportierten Gesamtmengen in Bezug auf die ","line":19,"x":68.05800000000002,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"318.81","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"funktionelle Einheit mit den i m vorherigen Abschnitt (2.3.1) für die Biomasse -","line":20,"x":68.05800000000002,"y":312.0959000000002,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"produktion angegebenen Mengen überei nstimmen.","line":21,"x":68.06700000000001,"y":298.1189000000002,"width":"209.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"annähern. Für den Lkw - Transport wurden Daten für einen Transport in Eu -","line":24,"x":68.06699999999998,"y":256.12490000000025,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"ropa, außerhalb der Schwe iz, mit 16 - bis 32 - Tonner der Emissionskategorie ","line":25,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":242.08490000000026,"width":"314.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"EURO5 ausgewählt. Für den Schienentransport wurde als Prozess ein öster -","line":26,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"313.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"reichischer Warentransport für die Biomasse aus Österreich, Polen und Slo -","line":27,"x":68.06700000000001,"y":214.13090000000025,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"wenien ausgewählt, da für die anderen beiden Länder keine spe zifischen Da -","line":28,"x":68.06700000000001,"y":200.09090000000026,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"ten zur Verfügung standen. Alle Wirkungsdaten umfassen die propor tionale ","line":29,"x":68.06700000000006,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"316.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Daten bezüglich der Extraktion von Verbindungen mit hohem kommer -","line":33,"x":68.04,"y":121.08,"width":"311.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":224,"change":"Addition","str":"zielle m Wert aus Holzbiomasse - ätherische Öle - wurden von der Universität ","line":34,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":107.03999999999999,"width":"309.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"Bozen i m Rahmen des Projekts Wood - Up gewonnen. Die in Bezug auf die ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"Soxhlet - Extraktion (SOX) und die Extraktion mi t überkritischem Kohlendi -","line":3,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.39","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"oxid (CO 2 ) (SFE) gewonnenen Daten wurden auf Ebene kle iner Industrieanla -","line":4,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":535.86,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"Bandes enthält eine detaillierte Beschreibung der beiden Extraktionsmetho -","line":6,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":508.086,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"den. D ie Daten zur SOX beziehen sich auf eine hypothetische Industrieanlage, ","line":7,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":494.046,"width":"316.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"die in der Lage ist, 20 kg Biomasse auf einmal zu verarbeiten; die Daten zur ","line":8,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":480.069,"width":"317.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"wonnenen Input - und Output - Daten bezüglich der SFE wurden mit Faktor ","line":10,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":452.052,"width":"314.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"0,25 skaliert, da es nicht realistisch ist, ein lineares Up - Scaling (1:1) der Input -","line":11,"x":70.92599999999993,"y":438.07500000000005,"width":"314.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"und Output - Faktoren bei zunehmender Größe der Anlage anzunehmen. In -","line":12,"x":70.93499999999995,"y":424.09800000000007,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"dustrieanlagen, zum Beispiel, die im Vergleich zu den Laborgerätscha ften viel ","line":13,"x":70.935,"y":410.05800000000005,"width":"316.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"Es wurde angenommen, dass die Extraktion ätherischer Öle direkt am Stand -","line":15,"x":70.935,"y":382.1040000000001,"width":"312.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"ort der Vergasungsanlage stattfindet und daher keine weiteren Transporte er -","line":16,"x":70.94400000000002,"y":368.0640000000001,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"forderlich sind, und dass mit Ausnahme der Pellets 100 % der Holzbiomasse ","line":17,"x":70.94400000000002,"y":354.0870000000001,"width":"314.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"(Rundholz und Hackschnitzel) dem Proz ess der Extraktion ätherischer Öle ","line":18,"x":70.935,"y":340.1100000000001,"width":"318.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"Das LGC Workbook bietet auch die Möglichkeit, die Wirk ung der Verbreitung ","line":21,"x":70.935,"y":298.11600000000016,"width":"316.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"von nur einer Technologie oder einer Mischung beider Technologien zu eva -","line":22,"x":70.93499999999997,"y":284.07600000000014,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"eingesetzt werden können, wurde ihre Verbreitung auf Grundlage der Effizi -","line":24,"x":70.935,"y":256.1220000000002,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"enz der beiden P rozesse bestimmt, d. h. beruhend auf dem Verhältnis zwi -","line":25,"x":70.935,"y":242.0820000000002,"width":"314.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"(5 % für die SOX - Extraktion und 4,6 % für die SFE - Extraktion). Demzufolge ","line":27,"x":70.92600000000004,"y":214.12800000000018,"width":"317.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde die Biomasse proportional verteilt, wobei dem effizienteren Prozess ","line":28,"x":70.93500000000003,"y":200.0880000000002,"width":"314.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"mehr Biomasse zugeteilt wurde: 52 % für die Soxhlet - Extraktion (SOX) und ","line":29,"x":70.93499999999997,"y":186.1110000000002,"width":"315.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"48 % für die Extraktion mit überkritischem CO 2 (SFE).","line":30,"x":70.93499999999997,"y":171.9,"width":"214.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Wirkung der Zerkleinerung der Biomasse vor ihrer Einspeisung in die Ex -","line":31,"x":70.92600000000002,"y":158.04000000000002,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"traktionsanlage und die Wirkung des Anlagenbetriebs an sich wurden auf ","line":32,"x":70.92600000000004,"y":144.06300000000002,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"Grundlage des Energieverbrauchs oben genannter Pro zesse berechnet. Die ","line":33,"x":70.92600000000004,"y":130.086,"width":"318.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":225,"change":"Addition","str":"Emissionsfaktoren wurden auf Grundlage von Prozessen gewonnen , die mit ","line":34,"x":70.92600000000004,"y":116.046,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"den untersuchten vergleichbar sind und aus der Datenbank Ecoinvent stam -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"me n; die Daten wurden dem italienischen Energiemix der Mittelspannung an -","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"gepasst. Die Emission en in Verbindung mit der Produktion und Nutzung von ","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"316.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"Hexan, dem für die SOX verwendeten Lösungsmittel, und dem Ethanol, das ","line":5,"x":68.04000000000005,"y":522.0659,"width":"316.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"für die SFE genutzt wird, wurden aufgrund mangelnder konsolidierter Daten ","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"ausgeschlossen. Das in den Reaktionen der SFE verwendete CO 2 wurde nicht ","line":7,"x":68.04900000000006,"y":493.86,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"Der Vergasung umfasst die Zerkleinerung der Bioma sse auf die richtige Größe ","line":10,"x":68.04,"y":443.04,"width":"316.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"für die Anlage (wenn in der Produktionskette keine Extraktion der ätheri -","line":11,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":429.06300000000005,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"Wärmeenergie, Elektrizität, Biochar, T eer und Asche. ","line":13,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":401.04600000000005,"width":"219.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"In den Fällen, in denen keine Ex traktion in der Produktionskette vorgesehen ","line":14,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":387.0690000000001,"width":"311.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"ist, w urde angenommen, dass 50 % der Biomasse vom Anlagenbetreiber ge-","line":15,"x":68.03999999999994,"y":373.0920000000001,"width":"313.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"häckselt werden m üssen . Die Emissionen der Häckselung wurde n mit einem ","line":16,"x":68.04899999999995,"y":359.0520000000001,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"Ecoinvent - Prozess für ei nen dieselbetriebenen mobilen Häcksler berechnet. Es ","line":17,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":345.0750000000001,"width":"316.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde angenommen, dass sich die Häcksler in der Nähe der Vergasungs an -","line":18,"x":68.067,"y":331.0980000000001,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"Wirkung der Trocknung der Biomasse wurde nicht getrennt von de r Verga -","line":20,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":303.08100000000013,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"sung bewertet, da die Ecoinvent- Prozes se bezüglich der Vergasung die Trock -","line":21,"x":68.0669999999999,"y":289.10400000000016,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"auch auf Pellets); aus diesem G rund sind die erstellten Schätzungen der Wir -","line":24,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":247.11000000000016,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden im Rahmen des WP 5 des Wood - Up - Projekts durch Fragebögen erho -","line":27,"x":68.06699999999994,"y":205.11600000000016,"width":"314.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"ben, die an die Anlagenbetreiber ausgegeben wurden (Ka pitel 1 dieses Ban -","line":28,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":191.07600000000016,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"des). Aufgrund der erho benen Daten wird die jährliche Produktion von Bio -","line":29,"x":68.06699999999995,"y":177.09900000000016,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"geschätzt. Die Anlagen wurden nach Betriebstyp (Technologie mit Fest -","line":31,"x":68.06700000000001,"y":149.08200000000016,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":226,"change":"Addition","str":"bett/ Flüssigbett; up - draft / down - draft ), Art der verwendeten Biomasse (Hack -","line":32,"x":68.06700000000001,"y":135.10500000000016,"width":"312.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"Insgesamt existieren im Südtirol zehn Vergasertechnologien und nur eine da -","line":4,"x":70.92,"y":536.0429,"width":"312.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"von sieht am Ende des Prozesses die Verbrennung des Biochar s vor (post-","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":522.0659,"width":"305.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"reforming), mit der d as Biochar i n Asche verwandelt und das Volumen des ","line":6,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"311.87","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"Endprodukts deutlich reduziert wird. Das LCA Workbook unterscheidet je -","line":7,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"311.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"doch ni cht zwischen Asche und Biochar, was mit einer zu hohen Schätzung ","line":8,"x":70.911,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"317.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"der jährlichen Biochar - Produktion für diese Technologie einhergeht.","line":9,"x":70.911,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"278.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"Eine der Anlagen mit Post - reforming - Technologie liefert die Asche an ein ört -","line":10,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"liches Zementwerk zur Erzeugung von Beton. Für diese Lieferung wurden die ","line":11,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"Bezug auf die Proze sseinheit von 1 m 3 Synthesegas für die Technologien mit ","line":14,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":396.06,"width":"311.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"Fest - und Fl üssigbett. Das Synthesegas ist eine Gasmischung (Kohlenmonoxid ","line":15,"x":70.92599999999996,"y":382.083,"width":"314.32","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"(CO), Wasserstoff (H 2 ), Methan (CH 4 ) und Kohlendioxid (CO 2 )), die durch ","line":16,"x":70.92599999999996,"y":367.86,"width":"318.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasung der Biomasse erzeugt und als Brennstoff zur Erzeugung von ","line":17,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":354.06300000000005,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"elektrischer Energie verwendet wird. Die mit den einz elnen Technologien er -","line":18,"x":70.91699999999994,"y":340.08600000000007,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"zeugten Mengen an Synthesegas (m 3 ) und somit die mit diesem verbundenen ","line":19,"x":70.91699999999992,"y":326.04,"width":"316.87","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"der oben genannten Ecoinve nt - Prozesse geschätzt.","line":21,"x":70.917,"y":298.08600000000007,"width":"205.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"Zur Quantifizierung der fossilen Energie, die durch die mit der Vergasung ","line":22,"x":70.91700000000003,"y":284.04600000000005,"width":"317.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"von der Anla ge erzeugte Energie abzüglich des internen Verbrauchs. Die Da -","line":25,"x":70.917,"y":242.0520000000001,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"ten des internen Stromverbrauchs wurden von den Anlagenbetreibern ange-","line":26,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":228.0750000000001,"width":"314.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"Die zur Berechnung der Emissionsfakt oren der Vergaser mit Fest- und Flüs -","line":29,"x":70.91699999999999,"y":186.0810000000001,"width":"311.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"sigbett ausgewählten Ecoinvent- Proze sse beziehen sich auf die Schweiz, da ","line":30,"x":70.91700000000003,"y":172.1040000000001,"width":"317.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"Wirbelschicht) sind nicht repräsentativ für die Vielfalt der Anlagentech nolo -","line":33,"x":70.91700000000003,"y":130.1100000000001,"width":"314.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":227,"change":"Addition","str":"gien und - größen, die aus den Fragebögen hervorgehen, wurden aber als eine ","line":34,"x":70.91700000000003,"y":116.07000000000009,"width":"316.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"akzeptable und den Durchschnitt widerspiegelnde Annäherung für die Be -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"rechnung der Emissionen betrachte t. Wie es bei den Inputs von biogenem ","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":550.0829,"width":"318.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"Kohlenstoff der Fall war, wurden auch die Outputs von biogenem Kohlenstoff ","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"314.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"(das bei der Holzvergasung abgegebene CO 2 ) aus den Ecoinvent - Prozessen ","line":5,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":521.8799,"width":"316.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"eliminiert, weil die von der Biomasse - Vergasung erzeugte Energie als „em is -","line":6,"x":68.043,"y":508.0829,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"sionsfrei“ betrachtet wird (Richtlinie [EU] 2018/2001 des Europäischen Pa rla -","line":7,"x":68.05200000000002,"y":494.0429,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"ments und des Rates über die Ziele erneuerbarer Energien in der Europäi -","line":8,"x":68.05200000000008,"y":480.0659,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"Wie bereits gesagt, entspricht d as in den derzeitigen Südtiroler Vergasungs -","line":11,"x":68.04,"y":429.06,"width":"308.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"anlagen erzeugte Biochar nicht den itali enischen Normen, die seinen Einsatz ","line":12,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":415.083,"width":"314.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"einige Technologien als besser zur Erzeugung von Biochar mit eine r niedrigen ","line":14,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":387.06600000000003,"width":"316.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"Konzentration an Schadstoffen geeignet erwiesen. Auf dieser Grundla ge ","line":15,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":373.08900000000006,"width":"316.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"wurde die Anwendung eines Vergaser s mit Festbett vorgeschlagen, der mit ","line":16,"x":68.03100000000006,"y":359.04900000000004,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"Hackschnitzel beschickt wird, um ein Biochar zu erzeugen, das den gesetzli -","line":17,"x":68.02200000000002,"y":345.07200000000006,"width":"311.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"chen Parametern entspricht (Amtsblatt 186, 12.08.2015). Nähere Informatio -","line":18,"x":68.02199999999999,"y":331.0950000000001,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"nen finden sich in Kapitel 1 diese s Buchs, das spezifisch der verbesserten Ver -","line":19,"x":68.02199999999999,"y":317.05500000000006,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"In der LCA wurde für den Vergleich der Wirkung der aktuellen mit den ver -","line":21,"x":68.031,"y":289.1010000000001,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"besserten Technologien a ngenommen, dass die jährlich erzeugte Menge an ","line":22,"x":68.031,"y":275.0610000000001,"width":"318.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"Bi ochar auf Ebene der Provinz in all en Szenarien konstant bleibt.","line":23,"x":68.031,"y":261.0840000000001,"width":"264.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"in der Region verbreiteten Technologien (1,01 kg Biomasse/kWh). Das Ver -","line":26,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":219.09000000000012,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"hält nis zwischen Biochar und erzeugter Energie beläuft sich hingegen auf ","line":27,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":205.1130000000001,"width":"318.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"etwa die Hälfte in der aktuellen Technologie (11,56 kg Biochar/kWh) i m Ver -","line":28,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":191.07300000000012,"width":"309.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"gleich zum gewichteten Mitte lwert der derzeit verwendeten Technologien ","line":29,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":177.09600000000012,"width":"318.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"(21,68 kg Biochar/kWh). Für die Erzeugung einer gleichen Menge an Biochar ","line":30,"x":68.04900000000005,"y":163.1190000000001,"width":"312.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"(funktionelle Einheit der LCA) in den Szenarien 3 - 7 würde die mit der Erzeu -","line":31,"x":68.04900000000005,"y":149.07900000000012,"width":"314.33","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"gung von Biochar verbundene Energieerzeugung durch Vergasung al so um ","line":32,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":135.10200000000012,"width":"317.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":228,"change":"Addition","str":"ein 1,87 - faches steigen, und so auch d ie Menge der in der Produktionskette ","line":33,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":121.12500000000011,"width":"317.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"dem die Szenarien mit verbesserter Vergasung (Szenario 3 - 7) mit den Szena-","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"rien verglichen werden, welche die aktuellen Verg asungstechnologien an -","line":4,"x":70.929,"y":536.0429,"width":"310.44","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"wenden (Szenario 1 und 2), wobei nicht die Biochar - Menge, sondern vielmehr ","line":5,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":522.0659,"width":"316.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"Entsorgungsanlagen oder landwirtschaftlichen F lächen ","line":8,"x":96.4209,"y":470.5821,"width":"250.92","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"Ähnlich wie schon im Abschnitt über den Transport der Biomasse beschrie -","line":9,"x":70.92,"y":457.08,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"ben, werden d as Biochar, die Asche und der Teer per Lkw, mit einem 16 - 32 -","line":10,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":443.03999999999996,"width":"311.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"Tonner der Emissionskategorie EURO5 z u den Entsorgungsanl agen oder ","line":11,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":429.063,"width":"319.28","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"landwirtschaftlichen Flächen beförder t.","line":12,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":415.086,"width":"160.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"Eine Transportstrecke von 50 km (nur Hinweg) wurde als angemessener Nä -","line":13,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":401.046,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"herungswert zur Beschreibung der durchschnittlichen Distanz der Entsor -","line":14,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":387.069,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"gungsstandorte oder landwirtschaftlichen Flächen von den Vergasu ng s anla -","line":15,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":373.09200000000004,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"gen im Südtirol betrachtet. Wie für den Tr ansport der Biomasse wurde ange -","line":16,"x":70.93799999999993,"y":359.052,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Teerproduktion der Vergasungsanlagen wurde in den Fragebögen in Li -","line":19,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":317.05800000000005,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"t ern/Jahr erhoben und dann für die Berechnung des Transports in Masse um-","line":20,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":303.0810000000001,"width":"312.07","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"gewandelt. Die Umwandlung beruht auf einem Teergewicht von 1,05 kg/Liter ","line":21,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":289.1040000000001,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":229,"change":"Addition","str":"https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/density - soli ds - d_1265.html).","line":23,"x":70.94700000000006,"y":261.0870000000001,"width":"271.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"2.3.7 Ent sorgung der bei der Vergasung erzeugten Abfälle ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":554.58,"width":"267.02","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"In den Szenarien, in denen keine Anwendung des Biochar s auf landwirt -","line":3,"x":68.04,"y":541.08,"width":"306.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasungsabfälle in Betracht gezogen. Aus den von den Anlagenbetr eibern ","line":5,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":513.0630000000001,"width":"314.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"ausgefüllten Fragebögen geht hervor, dass 33,87 % der Rückstände als nicht ","line":6,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":499.0860000000001,"width":"315.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"10 01 01 entsorgt werden, 59,68 % nach EAV 10 01 03, ebenfalls nicht gefährli -","line":8,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":471.06900000000013,"width":"312.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"che Abfälle, und 6,45 % als Asche für die Produktion von Beton. Es wurde ","line":9,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":457.09200000000016,"width":"312.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"angenommen, dass 90 % de s als EAV 10 01 01 und EAV 10 01 03 eingestuften ","line":10,"x":68.049,"y":443.05200000000013,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar eingeäschert und 10 % auf die Mülldeponie gebracht w erden . Einer ","line":11,"x":68.04899999999999,"y":429.07500000000016,"width":"315.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"der Anlagenbetreiber gab an, d a s Biochar für einen bestimmte n Zeitraum nach ","line":12,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":415.0980000000002,"width":"314.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Österreich ausgeführt zu haben, wo es als landwirtschaftliches Bodenverbes-","line":13,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":401.05800000000016,"width":"311.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"serungsmittel genutzt werden konnte. Für den Moment wurde der Export je -","line":14,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":387.0810000000002,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Für die Emissionsfaktoren der Verbrennung und der Lagerung auf der Müll -","line":16,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":359.0640000000002,"width":"312.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"depon ie wurde die Datenbank Ecoinvent herangezogen. Da keine Daten für ","line":17,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":345.0870000000002,"width":"317.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Italien zur Verfügung stehen, wurden angemessene Annäherungswerte aus -","line":18,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":331.11000000000024,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"gewählt. Für die Verbrennung wurde eine städtische Holzverbrennungsan -","line":19,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":317.0700000000002,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"lage in der Schwei z ausgewählt; die Wirkungen wurden dann an den italieni -","line":20,"x":68.05799999999999,"y":303.09300000000025,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Substanz handel t.","line":24,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":247.12200000000027,"width":"72.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"2.3.8 Anwendung von Biochar auf Agrarböden ","line":25,"x":68.04,"y":223.56,"width":"212.15","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Ein alternatives Szenario zur Entsorgung des Biochar s besteht in seiner An -","line":26,"x":68.04,"y":210.06,"width":"307.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"wendung auf den Böden der besonders verbreiteten landwirtschaftlichen Kul -","line":27,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":196.083,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"turen Südtirols. Das ist nur möglich, wenn die im Projekt Wood - U p vorge -","line":28,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":182.043,"width":"314.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"schlagenen verbesserten Vergasungstechnologien verwendet werden und d as","line":29,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":168.066,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar daher den gesetzlichen Vorgaben entspricht. Unter diesen Bedingun -","line":30,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":154.089,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"gen wurde angenommen, dass 100 % de s Biochar s zur Bodenverbesserung in ","line":31,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":140.049,"width":"309.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"der Landwirtschaft genutzt werden kann. Die Wirkungen dieser Phase der ","line":32,"x":68.049,"y":126.072,"width":"318.02","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":230,"change":"Addition","str":"Produktionskette wurden separat in zwei verschiedenen Szenarien für Wein -","line":33,"x":68.049,"y":112.095,"width":"312.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"Feld v ersuchen der Universität Bozen und des Versuchszentrums Laimburg in ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"313.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"Laimburg, Pfatten (BZ) gewonnen.","line":4,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":536.0429,"width":"139.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"von 25 Tonnen pro Hektar aufgeführt. Insbesondere wurde untersucht, wel -","line":6,"x":70.92900000000006,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"c he Wirkung 25 t/ha Biochar auf folgende Aspekte haben: ","line":7,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"239.34","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"- Einsatz von synthetischen Düngemitteln;","line":8,"x":70.92900000000009,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"170.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"- Einsatz von Bewässerung; ","line":9,"x":70.92900000000006,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"111.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"- Kohlenstoffbindung im Boden;","line":10,"x":70.92900000000006,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"129.13","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"- Vom Boden ausgehende Treibhausgasemissionen: Distickstoffmonoxid","line":11,"x":70.92900000000006,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"303.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"(N 2 O) und Methan (CH 4 ).","line":12,"x":85.14900000000006,"y":423.9,"width":"103.91","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"D ie Wirkung von Biochar auf den Einsatz von Düngemitteln wurde auf ","line":13,"x":70.917,"y":398.043,"width":"319.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"Grundlage seiner chemischen Zusammensetzung (verfügbare Mengen an N, ","line":14,"x":70.917,"y":384.06600000000003,"width":"313.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"P und K) und der auf kontrafaktischen Feldern verwendeten Menge an Dün -","line":15,"x":70.90799999999999,"y":370.08900000000006,"width":"314.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"gemitteln berechnet; Unt er kontrafaktischen Felder n verstehen sich Flächen, ","line":16,"x":70.90799999999996,"y":356.04900000000004,"width":"317.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"auf denen kein Biochar verteilt wurde und wo die typischen landwirtschaftli -","line":17,"x":70.90799999999993,"y":342.07200000000006,"width":"314.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"den kontrafaktischen Böden verwendeten Düngemittel (kg/ha) w ird in den ","line":19,"x":70.90799999999996,"y":314.05500000000006,"width":"317.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"Richtlinien der Provinz beschrieben (AGRIOS Arbeitsgruppe für den inte-","line":20,"x":70.90799999999996,"y":300.0780000000001,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"grierten Obstanbau in Südtirol, HausdesApfels, 2017); Wir haben die der Fel -","line":21,"x":70.90799999999994,"y":286.1010000000001,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"alten Anlagen ausgewähl t. ","line":23,"x":70.90799999999996,"y":258.0840000000001,"width":"110.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"Die mit synthetischen Dün gemitteln verbundenen Emissionsfaktoren beziehen ","line":24,"x":70.89899999999996,"y":244.1070000000001,"width":"316.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"sich auf Stickstoff, Phosphate (P 2 O 5 ) und Kaliumoxid (K 2 O) u nd wurden mit ","line":25,"x":70.89899999999997,"y":229.86,"width":"316.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"Der Beitrag von Biochar zu r Kohlenstoffbindung im Boden wurde auf Grund -","line":27,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":202.08599999999998,"width":"312.31","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"lage des Kohlenstoffgehalts de s Biochar s (58,9 %), der durch Erosion aufgrund ","line":28,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":188.046,"width":"312.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"von Wind und Regen verursachten Verluste (28 %, (Major, 2010)) und der Zer -","line":29,"x":70.917,"y":174.069,"width":"310.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"setzungsrate de s Biochar s berechnet (0,002 %/ Jahr (Wang, Xiong, & Kuzy -","line":30,"x":70.92600000000004,"y":160.09199999999998,"width":"294.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":231,"change":"Addition","str":"akov, 2016)). Die Zer setzungsrate wurde auf einen Zeitraum von 100 Jahren ","line":31,"x":70.91700000000009,"y":146.052,"width":"317.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"1 Tonne Biochar auf die Agrar b öden und folglich durch Nutzung de s gesam -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"311.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Treibhausgasemissionen (N 2 O und CH 4 ) beruht auf den von der Universität ","line":5,"x":68.03099999999998,"y":521.8799,"width":"317.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Bozen im Rahmen des Projekts Wood - Up durchgeführten Fe ldmessungen ","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":508.0829,"width":"316.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"und beziehen sich, was die Weinberge anbelangt, auf die mit 25 t/ha Biochar ","line":7,"x":68.031,"y":494.0429,"width":"314.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Parzellen, die mit 25 t/ha Biochar in Kombination mit 45 t/ha Kompost verbes -","line":9,"x":68.03099999999995,"y":466.0889,"width":"314.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"sert wurden. In allen anderen Prozessen der LCA wurde die Wirkung von ","line":10,"x":68.0399999999999,"y":452.0489,"width":"318.04","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"eingeordnet wurde. Die Wirkung de s Biochar s auf den Kohlenstoffzyklus im ","line":12,"x":68.03999999999992,"y":424.09490000000005,"width":"311.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Boden wurde anhand der Daten seines Abbaus und der mit ih m verbundenen ","line":13,"x":68.03999999999994,"y":410.05490000000003,"width":"312.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"CO 2 - Emissionen beschrieben. Den Kohlendioxidemissionen infolge eines vo m","line":14,"x":68.0399999999999,"y":395.88,"width":"314.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar selbst verursacht en übermäßigen Abbaus der organischen Bodensub-","line":15,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":382.083,"width":"312.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"stanz, also dem in früheren Arbeiten (Ventura et al., 2015) beschriebenen so -","line":16,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":368.043,"width":"313.06","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"genannten „Priming“ - Effekt, wurde kein Einfluss zugemessen.","line":17,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":354.06600000000003,"width":"255.80","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Wirkungen de s Biochar s auf die vom Boden ausgehenden Treibhaus -","line":18,"x":68.049,"y":340.08900000000006,"width":"306.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"kontrafaktischen Feldern berechnet. Im W einberg wurde im Laufe der zwe i -","line":20,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":312.07200000000006,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"einhalbjährigen Versuchsdauer im Durchschnitt ein Anstieg von 6,81 % der ","line":21,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":298.0950000000001,"width":"315.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"N 2 O - Emissionen und eine Abnahme von 10,7 % der CH 4 - Emissionen im Ver -","line":22,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":283.86,"width":"311.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"gleich zu den nicht mit Biochar verbesserten Feldern beobachtet. In der Ap -","line":23,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":270.06300000000005,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"felplan tage, in der 25 t/ha Biochar zusammen mit 45 t/ha Kompost verteilt ","line":24,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":256.08600000000007,"width":"315.75","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden, belief sich der Anstieg der N 2 O - Emissionen im Durchschnitt auf ","line":25,"x":68.03700000000009,"y":241.86,"width":"318.63","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"74,84 %, während die CH 4 - Emissionen im Durchschnitt um 13,4 % abgenom -","line":26,"x":68.037,"y":227.88,"width":"309.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"men haben. Wie bereits gesagt, stellen die vom B oden ausgehenden Treib-","line":27,"x":68.03699999999998,"y":214.083,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"hausgasemiss ionen den einzigen Posten der LCA dar, der die Wirkungen von ","line":28,"x":68.03699999999995,"y":200.043,"width":"316.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Kompost berücksichtigt, da es nicht möglich war, in den direkt im Feld durch -","line":29,"x":68.03699999999995,"y":186.066,"width":"314.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"der in Verbind ung mit Kompost entstandenen Fraktionen des Treibhausgases ","line":31,"x":68.03699999999998,"y":158.049,"width":"316.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Für die Angabe der Daten der N 2 O - und CH 4 - Emissionen als CO 2eq wurde das ","line":33,"x":68.03699999999998,"y":129.9,"width":"311.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"Treibhauspotenzial der beiden Gase verwendet (265 bzw. 28 kgCO 2eq [ IPCC, ","line":34,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":115.86,"width":"313.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":232,"change":"Addition","str":"2014 ] ).","line":35,"x":68.03700000000003,"y":102.063,"width":"26.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"Zuletzt evaluiert die LCA die Wirkungen de s Biochar s auf den W asserbedarf ","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"309.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"der Felder, im Sinne der Emissionen und des Energieverbrauchs, die mit die -","line":3,"x":70.90199999999999,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"Bewässerung ist die Tropfbewässerung. Die Emissionen und d er Energiever -","line":5,"x":70.90199999999999,"y":522.0659,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"brauch, die mit diesem Sy stem verbunden sind, wurden auf Grundlage des ","line":6,"x":70.90199999999999,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"317.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"diese außerhalb der Grenzen des Systems angesiedelt ist. Die Wirku ng de s","line":9,"x":70.902,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"311.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar s wurde auf Grundlage des durchschnittlichen Wasserverbrauchs in ","line":10,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"Südtirol bemessen: circa 1.500 m 3 /ha/Jahr für die Weinberge (Südtiroler Bera -","line":11,"x":70.91099999999994,"y":438.06,"width":"312.03","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"tungszentrum für Obst- und Weinanbau, 2019) und 3.000 m 3 /ha/J ahr für die ","line":12,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":424.08,"width":"311.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"Apfelplantagen (AGRIOS Arbeit sgruppe für den integrierten Obstanbau im ","line":13,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":410.03999999999996,"width":"317.87","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"kWh/ha/Jahr für die Apfel plantagen veranschlagt. Die Verringerung d es Be -","line":16,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":368.046,"width":"314.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"Hardie et al., 2014; Mukherjee & Lal, 2013; Piccolo et al., 19 96; Uzoma et al., ","line":19,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":326.052,"width":"317.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"2.3.9 Ersatz von Energie/Materialien durch die Vergasung und ","line":21,"x":70.92,"y":288.6,"width":"284.61","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"Ab fallentsorgung ","line":22,"x":96.42089999999999,"y":274.56198,"width":"79.39","height":"10.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"nen Emissi onen und des vermiedenen Stromverbrauchs. Es wurde angenom -","line":25,"x":70.92,"y":233.043,"width":"312.00","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"men, dass d as Biochar nicht zu energetischen Zwecken aufgewertet wird, ","line":26,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":219.066,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"wenn es auf der Mülldeponie entsorgt oder verbrannt wird.","line":27,"x":70.91100000000007,"y":205.089,"width":"241.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"Auch wurde angenommen, dass die mit der Vergasung (aktuelle oder ver bes -","line":28,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":191.049,"width":"314.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"serte Technologie) erzeugte Elektrizität i n das nationale Stromnetz eingespeist ","line":29,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":177.072,"width":"316.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden auf Grundlage der Ecoinvent - Prozesse für die Erzeugung elektri -","line":31,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":149.055,"width":"310.71","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"scher Mittelspannungsene rgie in Italien berechnet.","line":32,"x":70.92000000000013,"y":135.078,"width":"206.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":233,"change":"Addition","str":"Es wurde hingegen angenommen, dass die erzeugte Wärmeenergie auf loka -","line":33,"x":70.92000000000016,"y":121.101,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"die wie folgt erzeugt wird: zu 53 % aus Erdgas, zu 23,56 % mit Biomasse ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"313.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"(Rundholz, H ackschnitzel, Pellets), zu 12,54 % durch Fernhei zwerke mit Holz -","line":3,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":550.0829,"width":"314.23","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"biomasse, zu 9 % mit Heizöl und zu 1,9 % durch Solarenergie (Battiston, 2014).","line":4,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":536.0429,"width":"312.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden möglichst repräsentative Prozesse au f Ecoinvent ausgewählt. Für ","line":6,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":508.0889000000001,"width":"319.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"wurden die Daten einer italienischen KWK - Anlage verwendet. Für die Holz -","line":9,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"314.40","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"biomasse w urden die biogenen Kohlenstoffemissionen aus dem P rozess eli -","line":10,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Einsparung von Zement für die Produktion von Beton durch Asche aus ","line":12,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"der Vergasung wurde anhand der Ecoinvent - Emissionsfa ktoren eines generi -","line":13,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"314.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":234,"change":"Addition","str":"schen Zementproduktionsprozesses veranschlagt , der sich nicht auf das lo -","line":14,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":396.08390000000014,"width":"307.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":236,"change":"Addition","str":"Dieses Szenario sieht die gleichen Voraussetzungen vor wie Szenario 1, um -","line":14,"x":68.04,"y":378.06,"width":"313.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":236,"change":"Addition","str":"ben sich folgende Wirkungen auf Ebene der Provinz: - 2.018 t Öläquivalent ","line":19,"x":68.03099999999998,"y":308.04900000000004,"width":"315.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":236,"change":"Addition","str":"und - 5.572,34 t di CO 2 eq. Die genauen Daten der Au swirkungen von Szenario ","line":20,"x":68.031,"y":293.88,"width":"316.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":237,"change":"Addition","str":"traktion ätherischer Öle erzeugt einen Verbrauch von 2.167,85 t Öläquivalent ","line":5,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":522.0659,"width":"314.83","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":237,"change":"Addition","str":"Diese Daten beziehen sich auf eine Mischnutzung der beiden Extraktionstech -","line":8,"x":70.93199999999996,"y":480.063,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":237,"change":"Addition","str":"nologien zu folgenden Anteilen: 52 % Soxhlet - Extraktion (SOX) und 48 % ","line":9,"x":70.93199999999996,"y":466.086,"width":"314.20","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":237,"change":"Addition","str":"Ex traktion mit überkritischem CO 2 (SFE). In diesen Proportionen weist die ","line":10,"x":70.93199999999996,"y":451.86,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":237,"change":"Addition","str":"der SOX (610,55 t Öläquivalent und 1.977,03 t CO 2 eq) bei weitem die größten ","line":12,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":423.9,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":237,"change":"Addition","str":"er zeug ten Auswirkungen um 35,5 % in Bezug auf den Verbrauch fossiler ","line":18,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":340.09200000000004,"width":"318.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":237,"change":"Addition","str":"Wood - Up vorgeschlagenen verbesserten Technologie und ermöglicht einen ","line":23,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":252.06299999999996,"width":"318.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":237,"change":"Addition","str":"verbesserten Anlagen. Das Szenario umfasst weder den Prozess der Extrak -","line":25,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":224.04599999999996,"width":"313.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":237,"change":"Addition","str":"Szenario entsprechen - 14.028,80 t Öläquivalent und - 41.595,68 t C O 2 eq. Die ","line":28,"x":70.9109999999999,"y":181.86,"width":"311.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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|
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|
||
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|
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{"page":244,"change":"Addition","str":"Häckseln der Biomasse und dem Anla genbetrieb verbundenen Emissionen. ","line":17,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":167.72400000000007,"width":"311.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":244,"change":"Addition","str":"Die am wenigsten positiven Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt verbucht das Sze -","line":18,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":153.74700000000007,"width":"314.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":244,"change":"Addition","str":"nario 2 (aktuelle Vergasung + Extraktion ätherischer Öle). Es sollte jedoch da -","line":19,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":139.77000000000007,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":244,"change":"Addition","str":"rauf hingewiesen werden, dass die mit diesem Prozess verbundenen Ausw ir -","line":20,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":125.73000000000006,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":244,"change":"Addition","str":"kungen nicht mit anderen Methoden zur Produ ktion ätherischer Öle vergli -","line":21,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":111.75300000000006,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"hätte. Außerdem gilt zu bedenken, dass sich die Auswirkungen der Extrak -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"tion s tark verringern, wenn anstell e beider untersuchten Technologien nur die ","line":3,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":550.0829,"width":"316.69","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"effiz ientere und kostengünstigere Extraktionsmethode angewendet würde ","line":4,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":536.0429,"width":"319.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"Biochar, Asche und Teer zu den Mülldeponien oder landwirtschaftli chen Flä -","line":7,"x":70.92000000000002,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"wird, dass d as Biochar unverändert bleibt, sondern dass die Ene rgieerzeu -","line":11,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":438.0779000000001,"width":"310.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"gung der Anlagen konstant bleibt (Abb. 10 ). Diese Analyse wurde durchge -","line":12,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":424.10090000000014,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"führt, weil die Szenarien 3 - 7 – da die vom Projekt Wood - Up vorgeschlagene ","line":13,"x":70.91100000000006,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"313.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"Energie aufweist als der Durchschnitt der aktuell in Südtirol angewandten ","line":15,"x":70.91100000000003,"y":382.10690000000017,"width":"318.05","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"Tec hnologien – zur Erzeugung de s aktuell in der Provinz produzierten Bio -","line":16,"x":70.91100000000003,"y":368.06690000000015,"width":"305.22","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"char eine doppelte Menge an Biomasse erfordern würden, was eine im Ver -","line":17,"x":70.90199999999999,"y":354.08990000000017,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"Folge hätte (fast doppelt so hoch). Dieser Vergleich zwischen den Szenarien ","line":19,"x":70.90199999999999,"y":326.0729000000002,"width":"314.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"schneidende p olitische Entscheidungen erfordern würden. ","line":22,"x":70.911,"y":284.0789000000002,"width":"241.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb ildung 10 zei gt daher den Vergleich zwischen Szenarien für den Fall, in ","line":23,"x":70.91100000000003,"y":270.1019000000002,"width":"314.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"Energieerzeugung führt. Auf die Szenarien 3 - 7 wurde daher das gl eiche Ver -","line":25,"x":70.91100000000004,"y":242.08490000000026,"width":"314.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"hältnis von Biochar zu erzeugter Energie angewandt wie in den Szenarien 1 ","line":26,"x":70.911,"y":228.10790000000026,"width":"317.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"Auch wenn sie in Bezug auf die Energieerzeugung normalisiert wurden, ha -","line":28,"x":70.911,"y":200.09090000000026,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"ben die vorgeschlagenen Szenarien jedoch eine negative Nettobilanz und so -","line":29,"x":70.911,"y":186.11390000000026,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"mit eine positive Wirkung auf die Umwelt; die Vorteile der neuen Verga -","line":30,"x":70.911,"y":172.13690000000025,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"sungstechnol ogie, mit der ein für die Landwirtschaft geeignete s Biochar er -","line":31,"x":70.911,"y":158.09690000000026,"width":"311.30","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"zeugt werden kann, bleiben offensichtlich (Szenarien 3 - 7), wenn auch weniger ","line":32,"x":70.911,"y":144.11990000000026,"width":"316.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":245,"change":"Addition","str":"ausgeprägt als in der vorherigen Darstellung (Abb. 9 ).","line":33,"x":70.91100000000003,"y":130.14290000000025,"width":"220.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"Abb. 10 – Vergleich der Ergebnisse der 7 in dieser Arbeit untersuchten Szenarien unter der ","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":413.28,"width":"291.38","height":"7.02","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"Ein nützliches Instrument, mit dem untersucht werden kann, we lche Prozesse ","line":5,"x":68.04,"y":359.46,"width":"316.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"sich entscheidend - ob positiv oder negativ - auf die Ergebnisse der LCA aus-","line":6,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":345.483,"width":"307.26","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"ser Ansatz er möglicht außerdem, den Einfluss der Hypothesen zu bewerten,","line":9,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":303.48900000000003,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"die der LCA zugrunde liegen, sowie die mit diesen verbundenen Unsicher -","line":10,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":289.449,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"die LCA auf einem Mix aus Daten beruht, die im Ra hmen des Projekts erhoben ","line":12,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":261.49500000000006,"width":"316.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"Eine Sensibilitätsanalyse wurde in Bezug auf die Entfernung des Transports ","line":16,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":205.46100000000007,"width":"317.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"der Biomass e durchgeführt, da ein großer Teil dieser Biomasse aus dem Aus -","line":17,"x":68.04899999999999,"y":191.48400000000007,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"wir zum Beispiel annehmen, dass in Szenario 1, dem aktuellen Szenario also, ","line":19,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":163.46700000000007,"width":"314.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"die gesamte Biomasse aus Polen importiert wir d (Entfernung: 2.400 km, Hin -","line":20,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":149.49000000000007,"width":"312.21","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"und Rückfahrt) und nicht aus Südtirol (150 km Entfernung, H in - und Rück -","line":21,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":135.51300000000006,"width":"308.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"fahrt), Österreich und Slowenien (800 km Entfernung, H in - und Rückfahrt), ","line":22,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":121.47300000000006,"width":"312.01","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"dann würden die Auswirkungen des Transports von 809,64 t Öläquivalent ","line":23,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":107.49600000000005,"width":"315.94","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":246,"change":"Addition","str":"und 2.353,9 t CO 2 - Äquivalent auf 7.512,39 t Öläquivalent und 21.059,43 t ","line":24,"x":68.0580000000001,"y":93.3,"width":"311.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"CO 2 eq ansteigen. Folglich würde die Nettobilanz der Produktionskette von -","line":2,"x":70.92,"y":563.8799,"width":"314.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"4.220,19 t Öläquivalent und - 12.696,04 t CO 2 eq auf 2.484,6 8 t Öläquivalent und ","line":3,"x":70.92000000000007,"y":549.9,"width":"309.07","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"6.015,89 t CO 2 eq klettern und somit nicht mehr emissionsfrei sein. Das be-","line":4,"x":70.92299999999997,"y":535.86,"width":"308.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"Faktor ist, wenn die Nachhaltigkeit der Biochar - Produktionskette in Südtirol ","line":6,"x":70.91400000000002,"y":508.086,"width":"317.09","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"evaluier t werden soll, und dass eine Versorgung mit Biomasse aus örtlic hen ","line":7,"x":70.91399999999999,"y":494.046,"width":"316.84","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"Bi o treibstoff betriebene Fahrzeuge für den Transport auf Rädern einsetzt ","line":10,"x":70.91399999999999,"y":452.052,"width":"319.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"(An derson & Mitchell 2016; Conti 20 03; Homagain et al., 2016).","line":11,"x":70.914,"y":438.07500000000005,"width":"255.85","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Auswirkung des Biomassetransports ist ein Beispiel dafür, wie sensibel ","line":12,"x":70.91399999999993,"y":424.09800000000007,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"zugrunde liegen. Für die aktuellen Berechnungen werden repräsentative ","line":14,"x":70.90499999999994,"y":396.0810000000001,"width":"314.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"Schätzunge n der durchschnittlichen Entfernungen eingesetzt, die angewandt ","line":15,"x":70.90499999999997,"y":382.1040000000001,"width":"316.95","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"Polen stammt, und wenn man annimmt, dass alle LKWs die Rückreise als ","line":17,"x":70.90499999999997,"y":354.0870000000001,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"Leerfahrt antreten. Eine Veränderung dieser Vorau ssetzungen kann auch die ","line":18,"x":70.89599999999996,"y":340.1100000000001,"width":"317.17","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"Hypothesen konservative Schätzungen, denn es ist wahrscheinlich, dass zu -","line":20,"x":70.89599999999996,"y":312.09300000000013,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"eine weitere Ladung transportiert.","line":22,"x":70.89599999999996,"y":284.07600000000014,"width":"139.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"Neben dem Transport der Biomasse ist die Extraktion hochwertiger Verbin -","line":23,"x":70.89599999999999,"y":270.09900000000016,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"gesagt, beruhen die Berechnungen für diesen Prozess auf Labordaten, die auf ","line":26,"x":70.89600000000002,"y":228.1050000000002,"width":"316.88","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"industriellen Maßstab angepasst wurden. Die mit dieser Art von Up - Scaling ","line":27,"x":70.89600000000002,"y":214.12800000000018,"width":"316.79","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"verbundene Unsicherheit kann die Endergebnisse der LCA j edoch erheblich ","line":28,"x":70.89600000000002,"y":200.0880000000002,"width":"317.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"beeinflussen; es wäre daher wünschenswert, wenn au f industrieller Ebene va -","line":29,"x":70.89599999999999,"y":186.1110000000002,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"lidierte Daten für eine genauere und realistischere Beschreibung der Extrak -","line":30,"x":70.89599999999996,"y":172.13400000000019,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"ti onsanlagen verwendet werden könnten, umso mehr weil diese für die ge-","line":31,"x":70.89599999999996,"y":158.0940000000002,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"samte zur Produkti on der funktionellen Einheit erforderlichen Biomasse be-","line":32,"x":70.89599999999996,"y":144.1170000000002,"width":"314.36","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"rechnet werden (für jede Tonne des erzeugten Biochar sind 34,62 t Biomasse ","line":33,"x":70.89599999999997,"y":130.14000000000019,"width":"311.16","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":247,"change":"Addition","str":"für die Soxhlet - Extraktion und 34,52 t für die SFE - Extraktion erforderlich ) ; ","line":34,"x":70.887,"y":116.10000000000018,"width":"316.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"Criscuoli, Panzacchi, Rossberg, Mwabonje, Cooper, Woods, Tonon ","line":0,"x":68.04,"y":610.4399,"width":"247.14","height":"7.98","fontName":["CRDKGT+ArialMT"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"eventuelle Ungenauigkeiten resultieren daher in der LCA amplifiziert. In je -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":564.0599,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"dem Fall ist es unwahrscheinlich, dass ein e größere Genauigkeit hinsichtlich ","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":550.0829,"width":"317.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"D en größten Beitrag zur Nettobilanz der Produktionskette leistet der Ersatz ","line":7,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":494.04890000000006,"width":"317.50","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"elektrischer Energie (italienischer Mix) und Wärmeenergie (in Südtirol: Erd -","line":8,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":480.0719000000001,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"gas, andere Quellen für Biomasse, Solarwärme und Heizöl) durch die mit der ","line":9,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":466.0949000000001,"width":"316.78","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"Vergasung der Holzbiomasse erze ugte Bioenergie. Die den Vergasungspro -","line":10,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":452.0549000000001,"width":"310.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"Der erhebliche Beitrag der Vergasung zur Nett obilanz der LCA ist das Ergeb -","line":13,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":410.0609000000001,"width":"314.68","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"ist, also dass die aus der Holzvergasung stammenden biogenen CO 2 - Emissio -","line":15,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":381.9,"width":"314.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"Luft bese itigte Menge an CO 2 kompensiert werden. Diese An nahme führt ","line":17,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":353.88,"width":"314.47","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"dazu, dass die mit 1 m 3 Synthesegas verbundenen Emissionen 0,006 kg CO 2 eq ","line":18,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":339.9,"width":"312.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"entsprechen, während sie im Falle einer Berücksichtigung der biogenen CO 2 -","line":19,"x":68.04299999999995,"y":325.86,"width":"314.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"Emissionen aus der vergasten Biomasse 0,378 kg C O 2 eq entsprechen würden. ","line":20,"x":68.043,"y":311.88,"width":"314.42","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"Diese für die Nettobila nz der LCA entscheidende Annahme i st mit den euro-","line":21,"x":68.03699999999998,"y":298.083,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"und Europar at, 2018). Wenn man beschließen würde, einen Teil der biogenen ","line":24,"x":68.03699999999998,"y":256.08900000000006,"width":"316.74","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"CO 2 - Emissionen in die Analyse einzubeziehen, würde der Ersatz der umwelt -","line":25,"x":68.03699999999998,"y":241.86,"width":"314.27","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":248,"change":"Addition","str":"schädlichen fossilen Energiequellen trotzdem zu einer für die Umwelt vorteil -","line":26,"x":68.04000000000008,"y":228.063,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
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{"page":257,"change":"Addition","str":"dass die erzeugte Pflanzenkohle die vorgegebenen Grenzwerte für die Kon -","line":16,"x":70.935,"y":279.26390000000015,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":257,"change":"Addition","str":"zentration von Schwermetallen, polyzyklischen aromatischen Koh lenwasser -","line":17,"x":70.935,"y":265.2869000000002,"width":"314.72","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":257,"change":"Addition","str":"wird die Notwendigkeit verdeutlicht, das Biochar mit einem Biotest auf seine","line":19,"x":70.92599999999999,"y":237.26990000000018,"width":"312.14","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":257,"change":"Addition","str":"gisch, sondern auch substanziell von grundlegender Bedeutung, da sie die ge -","line":21,"x":70.91700000000003,"y":209.25290000000018,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":257,"change":"Addition","str":"abzielten, den Energieertrag durch Vergasun gsprozesse maximal zu steigern, ","line":24,"x":70.91700000000003,"y":167.25890000000018,"width":"316.99","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":257,"change":"Addition","str":"Im Rahmen der Studie konnten 42 Südtiroler Vergasungsanlagen kartiert wer -","line":26,"x":70.91700000000006,"y":139.30490000000017,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":257,"change":"Addition","str":"GWh Elektrizität, 100 GW h Wärme und 1.300 Tonnen Kohle erzeugen. Ein ","line":28,"x":70.91700000000009,"y":111.28790000000016,"width":"318.10","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"bedeutender und stets wachsender Sektor also. Die von den Anlagen produ -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":569.8199,"width":"314.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"sorgt. Die physikalischen, chemischen und biologischen Analysen haben ver -","line":4,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":541.8659,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"deutlicht, dass keine der entnommenen Kohleproben phytotoxische Wirkun -","line":5,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":527.8259,"width":"314.58","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"ten entsprach, die ihre Nutzung als Bodenverbesserungsmittel in der Land -","line":7,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":499.8719000000001,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"wirtschaft regeln. In sbesondere der Gehalt an polyzyklischen aromatischen ","line":8,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":485.8319000000001,"width":"318.19","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"Wasserstoffen (PAK) und einigen Schwermetallen (Cd, Cr e Zn) überst ieg die ","line":9,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":471.8549000000001,"width":"309.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"Normgrenzwerte und verhindert e die landwirtschaftliche Nutzung. Dieses ","line":10,"x":68.031,"y":457.8779000000001,"width":"314.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"Ergebnis hatte signifikante Folgen für die Entwicklung de s Projekts und die ","line":11,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":443.8379000000001,"width":"317.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"Südtirol. Zur Durchführung der Feldversuche sah sich die Genossenschaft ge -","line":13,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":415.88390000000015,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"folgender Schl ussfolgerung gekommen (Kapitel 1): Um die aktuellen Verga -","line":15,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":387.86690000000016,"width":"314.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman","JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"thermischer Energie auch Biochar erzeugen, d as als Bodenverbesserungsmittel ge -","line":17,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":359.84990000000016,"width":"311.08","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"nutzt werden kann, müssen daher die Ha uptprozessparameter (z. B. die Temperatur-","line":18,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":345.8729000000002,"width":"314.54","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"werden, um den PAK - Gehalt zu reduzieren. In der Kohle vorhandene Schwerme -","line":20,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":317.8559000000002,"width":"312.24","height":"9.00","fontName":["JWGNKV+PalatinoLinotype-Italic","PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"talle scheinen hingegen von mechanischen Teilen zu stamme n, die zur Beför -","line":21,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":303.8789000000002,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"derung fester Materialien in der Anlage verwendet werden, oder aus Vorbe -","line":22,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":289.90190000000024,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"handlungen der Holzbiomasse wie z. B. das Häckseln oder Pelletieren. Dies -","line":23,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":275.8619000000002,"width":"314.53","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"bezüglich scheint es einfacher, eine technische Lösung zu finden. Die wirt -","line":24,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":261.88490000000024,"width":"313.35","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"schaftliche Analy se eines Eingriffs zur Optimierung der Anlage, mit der eine ","line":25,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":247.90790000000024,"width":"317.38","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"hochwertige, zur Nutzung in der Landwirtschaft geeignete Kohle erzeugt ","line":26,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":233.86790000000025,"width":"316.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"werden kann, h at ergeben, dass für diese Investitionen, je nach Verkaufspreis ","line":27,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":219.89090000000024,"width":"316.93","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"de s Biochar s maximal ein Budget zwischen 23.000 und 97.000 Euro zur Verfü -","line":28,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":205.91390000000024,"width":"310.12","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"Die Untersuchungen bezüglich der Möglichkeit, biologisch aktive Moleküle ","line":32,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":149.87990000000025,"width":"314.67","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"aus der Holzbiomasse (Rottannen - Hackschnitzel) zu extrahieren (Kapitel 2), ","line":33,"x":68.04900000000009,"y":135.90290000000024,"width":"317.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"von der angewandten Extraktionsmethode (Soxhlet oder überkritisches Koh -","line":35,"x":68.05800000000008,"y":107.88590000000023,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":258,"change":"Addition","str":"lendioxid) haben die Extrakte eine gute antimikrobielle Wirkung gezeigt, und ","line":36,"x":68.05800000000005,"y":93.90890000000023,"width":"316.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"die heute in Lebensmittel - , Kosmetik - und Pharmaprodukten eingesetzt w er -","line":3,"x":70.92,"y":555.8429,"width":"311.76","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"den, genutzt werden . Diese Möglichkeit stellt ein wichtiges und bisher noch ","line":4,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":541.8659,"width":"316.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"Holz - Energie - Produktionskette dar, das in der Zukunft zweifellos größere ","line":6,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":513.8489000000001,"width":"318.45","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"Di e Nutzung von Biochar in der Landwirtschaft hat verschiedene positive ","line":8,"x":70.91999999999994,"y":485.8319000000001,"width":"318.41","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"Verfügbarkeit bestimmter Nährstoffe, insbesondere Makronährstoffe wie Ka -","line":10,"x":70.91999999999994,"y":457.8779000000001,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
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{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"lium, Magnesium und Phosphor, sowie die Fähigkeit zur Anhebung des Bo -","line":11,"x":70.91999999999996,"y":443.8379000000001,"width":"314.66","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"den - pH - Werts, was sich positiv auf den Weinanbau auf sauren Böden aus -","line":12,"x":70.9199999999999,"y":429.86090000000013,"width":"310.96","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"wirkt. Insgesamt wurde ein e höhere Ertrag sfähigkeit der mit Biochar behan-","line":13,"x":70.92899999999992,"y":415.88390000000015,"width":"306.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"delten Pflanzen beobachtet, ohne dass negative Auswirkungen auf die Quali -","line":14,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":401.84390000000013,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"tät der Weine entst anden wären (Kapitel 4).","line":15,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":387.86690000000016,"width":"175.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"D as unter kontrollierten Versuchsbedingungen getestete Biochar hat keine ","line":16,"x":70.91999999999999,"y":373.8899000000002,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"zeigt; Aufnahme und Verteilung des Stickstoffs in den verschiedenen Orga -","line":18,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":345.8729000000002,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"nen blieben unverändert. Biochar hat hingegen das Wasserspeichervermögen ","line":19,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":331.8959000000002,"width":"314.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"des Bodens deutlich verändert und eine positive Zunahme des für die Pflan -","line":20,"x":70.92899999999997,"y":317.8559000000002,"width":"311.90","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"zen zur Verfügung stehenden Wassers bewirkt . Dies führte zu einer erheblich ","line":21,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":303.8789000000002,"width":"316.64","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"besseren Verträglichkeit von induziertem Trockenstress und verringerte die ","line":22,"x":70.929,"y":289.90190000000024,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"mit dem Wassermangel verbundenen negativen physiologischen Effekte. Die -","line":23,"x":70.929,"y":275.8619000000002,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"an den Klimawandel, der sich durch eine Z unahme von Trockenperioden und ","line":25,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":247.90790000000024,"width":"316.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"Hitzewellen kennzeichnet (Kapitel 5).","line":26,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":233.86790000000025,"width":"151.13","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"Die durchgeführten Studien hinsichtlich der Umweltwirkungen von Biochar ","line":27,"x":70.92900000000003,"y":219.89090000000024,"width":"313.48","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"Ansammlung von Kohlenstoff im Boden haben rel evante Ergebnisse hervor -","line":29,"x":70.93799999999999,"y":191.87390000000025,"width":"314.60","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"gebracht. Biochar hat eine Verringerung der vom Boden ausgehenden N 2 O -","line":30,"x":70.93800000000005,"y":177.66,"width":"314.37","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"Emissionen und eine erhebliche Zunahme der CO 2 - Emissionen verursacht, ","line":31,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":163.68,"width":"318.25","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"die jedoch zeitlich begrenzt und nicht stark ausgeprägt war, während es keine ","line":32,"x":70.92299999999997,"y":149.82000000000002,"width":"314.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"Wirkungen auf die CH 4 - Emissionen zeigte. Die Bilanz des Kohlenstoffs im Bo -","line":33,"x":70.92300000000006,"y":135.66,"width":"311.13","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"den fiel extrem positiv aus, obwohl die Stabilität de s angewandten Biochar s","line":34,"x":70.91699999999997,"y":121.863,"width":"311.49","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":259,"change":"Addition","str":"(Kapitel 6). Alle Studienergebnisse wurden i n eine Lebenszyklusanalyse ","line":36,"x":70.90799999999996,"y":93.84599999999999,"width":"319.92","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"(LCA) eingebunden (Kapitel 7), deren Ziel eine Evaluierung der Umweltaus -","line":2,"x":68.04,"y":569.8199,"width":"314.61","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"wirkungen der Südtiroler Holzvergasungsp roduktionskette war, sowie deren ","line":3,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":555.8429,"width":"316.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"hochwer tiger Verbindungen aus der Biomasse, verbesserte Vergasungstech -","line":5,"x":68.03999999999999,"y":527.8259,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"im Vergleich zu den kontrafaktischen Energ ieproduktionsketten zu einer Ein -","line":8,"x":68.03999999999996,"y":485.8319000000001,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"sparung fossiler Energie und zur Verringerung der Treibhausgasemissionen ","line":9,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":471.8549000000001,"width":"316.82","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"Nutzung von Biochar in der Landwirtschaft. Die Extraktion von Biomolekü -","line":11,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":443.8379000000001,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"len aus der Holzbiomasse geht mit Energiekosten und erheblichen Emissionen ","line":12,"x":68.04000000000002,"y":429.86090000000013,"width":"314.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"der Holz b iomasse (Rundholz, Hackschnitzel und Pellets) von der Produkti -","line":14,"x":68.049,"y":401.84390000000013,"width":"314.43","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"onsstätte zu den Vergasunganlagen. Dahe r würde sich die Extraktion von Bi-","line":15,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":387.86690000000016,"width":"314.62","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"omolekülen negativ auf die Gesamtumweltbilanz der Produktionskette aus -","line":16,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":373.8899000000002,"width":"314.55","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"wirken . E s sollte jedoch betont werden, dass die hier vorgestellte Analyse die ","line":17,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":359.84990000000016,"width":"314.51","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"Umweltkosten für die Produktion von anderen als den hier untersuchten s yn -","line":18,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":345.8729000000002,"width":"314.59","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"thetischen Molekülen nicht berücksichtigt hat. Außerdem sollte berücksich -","line":19,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":331.8959000000002,"width":"314.65","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"Hektar Agrarboden pro Jahr reichen würde. Zur Unterstützung einer breite-","line":22,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":289.90190000000024,"width":"311.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"Einfuhr von Biochar nötig oder eine Erhöhung der Anzahl der Vergasungsan -","line":24,"x":68.04900000000006,"y":261.88490000000024,"width":"314.46","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"lagen, was eine Erhöhung der Wirtschafts- und Umweltkosten der Prod ukti -","line":25,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":247.90790000000024,"width":"311.86","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"logien zur Erzeugung von hochwertigem Biochar bei gleicher Menge an pro -","line":27,"x":68.04900000000004,"y":219.89090000000024,"width":"309.56","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"duziertem Biochar eine fast doppelt so große Menge an Energie erzeugen, was ","line":28,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":205.91390000000024,"width":"314.57","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"deutlich größere Mengen an Biom asse für die Vergasung erfordern würde. ","line":29,"x":68.04899999999998,"y":191.87390000000025,"width":"306.98","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"von Biochar , welche im Projekt WOOD - UP sichtbar wurden, ergeht ","line":31,"x":68.04899999999992,"y":163.91990000000024,"width":"321.70","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"Forschungs - und Entwicklungsbemühungen zu unterstützen, die auf die ","line":33,"x":68.05799999999994,"y":135.90290000000024,"width":"314.52","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
|
||
{"page":260,"change":"Addition","str":"Planung polygenerativer Anlagen ausgerichtet sind und nebe n Elekt ro - und ","line":34,"x":68.0669999999999,"y":121.92590000000024,"width":"313.73","height":"9.00","fontName":["PNMSCP+PalatinoLinotype-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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