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pdf-to-markdown/examples/Grammar-Matters/compactLines.json
Johannes Zillmann 60596e7416 #24 Add first external PDFs for testing
2021-03-13 22:53:54 +01:00

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{"page":0,"change":"Addition","str":" Grammar Matters by Debbie Kuhlmann is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 ","line":34,"x":99.6238,"y":96.1441,"width":"419.86","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","URQURO+Helvetica"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":0,"change":"Addition","str":"International License ","line":35,"x":259.85,"y":84.6238,"width":"96.18","height":"14.52","fontName":["URQURO+Helvetica","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 1 ","line":6,"x":272.56959000000006,"y":639.9395999999999,"width":"69.84","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"Why is Proper Grammar so Important? ","line":7,"x":85.2237900000001,"y":614.2598999999999,"width":"444.53","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"1. Proper grammar is essential to being understood. Writing is an essential form of ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":572.1401999999999,"width":"461.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"have the greatest message in the world, but that message will lose its impact if y ou litter ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":530.7101,"width":"469.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"imagine a friend asked which company you used for your new carpet installation, and ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":489.31010000000003,"width":"454.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"you responded with one of the following emails. ","line":16,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":475.5101,"width":"254.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":" We used Lowes for our carpet installation. Great! The message is clear. ","line":18,"x":90.02379999999994,"y":447.9101,"width":"412.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":" We sued Lowes for our carpet installation. The message is clear, but the ","line":20,"x":90.02385999999996,"y":420.3101,"width":"416.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"meaning is very different. Two letters were reversed in the word used , and it ","line":21,"x":108.01991999999998,"y":406.63,"width":"405.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Correct grammar reveals the writer’s attention to detail, competency, and ","line":25,"x":72.02361999999995,"y":351.28979999999996,"width":"433.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"professionalism. If it seems like the writer is too distracted or sloppy to learn the rules ","line":26,"x":72.02361999999997,"y":337.48979999999995,"width":"462.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"written words are representing you. You want the reader to focus on your message an d ","line":28,"x":72.02361999999995,"y":309.8897999999999,"width":"466.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"not your mistakes. ","line":29,"x":72.02361999999994,"y":296.0897999999999,"width":"100.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"“ If it takes someone more than 20 years to notice how to properly use “it’s,” then ","line":38,"x":108.02,"y":172.1,"width":"427.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"that’s not a learning curve I’m comfortable with. So, even in this hyper-","line":39,"x":108.02,"y":158.3,"width":"373.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":1,"change":"Addition","str":"(important) things also aren’t important. After all, sloppy is as sloppy does.” ","line":42,"x":108.02,"y":116.9,"width":"399.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"3 ","line":0,"x":304.01,"y":22.6801,"width":"6.57","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"3. In business writing you are representing your company and yourself. No ","line":2,"x":62.039710000000014,"y":708.96,"width":"432.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"makes the company look sloppy and unprofessional. Studies have shown that a single ","line":4,"x":62.0398,"y":681.34,"width":"460.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"small error, but it reveals the company‟s attent ion to detail. In February 2014 Bing ","line":6,"x":62.0398,"y":653.74,"width":"435.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"Forrester of Bing said, “W hy would an engine show a page of content with errors higher in ","line":10,"x":62.0398,"y":598.54,"width":"478.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"the rankings when other pages of error free content exist to serve the searcher ?” ","line":11,"x":62.0398,"y":584.74,"width":"430.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"4. The ability to write well puts the writer in charge. By prioritizing your ideas, you can ","line":13,"x":62.04002,"y":546.1002,"width":"476.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"guide the reader through your writing, emphasizing points that you deem important. By ","line":14,"x":62.04001999999997,"y":532.2701,"width":"461.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"doing this, you can emphasize your main point. ","line":15,"x":62.04001999999997,"y":518.4701,"width":"253.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"Common Errors in Business Writing ","line":18,"x":62.040039999999976,"y":442.75010000000003,"width":"313.15","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"proofreading errors. Spell-check will catch spelling errors, typos, and basic grammar ","line":20,"x":62.0398,"y":402.78999999999996,"width":"459.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"words that are not in the English language. If your typo happens to create a w ord in the ","line":22,"x":62.0398,"y":375.18999999999994,"width":"464.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"English language, spell-check will not catch it. The meaning might be completely diff erent. ","line":23,"x":62.039800000000014,"y":361.3700999999999,"width":"480.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"Spell-check does not know the difference between a person definitely attending or ","line":24,"x":62.039800000000014,"y":347.68999999999994,"width":"438.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"defiantly attending , between being stranded on a desert island or a dessert island , or ","line":25,"x":62.03979999999996,"y":333.88999999999993,"width":"452.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"between my dear or my deer . Both options are spelled correctly, but they have ","line":26,"x":62.03979999999996,"y":320.0899999999999,"width":"418.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"dramatically different meanings. ","line":27,"x":62.03985999999995,"y":306.17009999999993,"width":"172.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"Proofread your documents thoroughly. It is helpful to read your documents out loud . If you ","line":28,"x":62.03985999999995,"y":281.3302999999999,"width":"479.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"read it in your head, you often read what you meant to say instead of the inf ormation you ","line":29,"x":62.039859999999976,"y":267.5302999999999,"width":"473.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"wrote. Have someone else proofread your document too. ","line":30,"x":62.039859999999976,"y":253.7302999999999,"width":"305.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"audience . Have you ever become frustrated reading an instruction manual because the ","line":33,"x":62.039879999999954,"y":201.2603999999999,"width":"472.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"failed. How can you avoid this? ","line":36,"x":62.03988999999994,"y":159.86039999999986,"width":"168.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"familiar with these terms. If you must use the term, be sure to define it in your ","line":38,"x":62.03988999999993,"y":121.34009999999985,"width":"423.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":2,"change":"Addition","str":"document. You want your message to be clear and not frustrating to your reader. ","line":39,"x":62.03988999999993,"y":107.54009999999985,"width":"431.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"4 ","line":0,"x":304.01,"y":22.6801,"width":"6.57","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Do not use slang, text language, hashtags, emoticons, or jargon in formal writing. ","line":2,"x":62.039710000000014,"y":708.96,"width":"468.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"communication, but is too casual and informal for business communication or academ ic ","line":5,"x":62.03970999999996,"y":667.5401000000002,"width":"467.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"writing. Imagine receiving the following email from your manager, “OMG! U will b xited 4 ","line":6,"x":62.039710000000014,"y":653.7401000000002,"width":"468.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"2morow! :)” Would you take your manager seriously? The message is too casual, and ","line":7,"x":62.039710000000014,"y":639.9401000000003,"width":"460.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"makes the writer look amateurish and unprofessional. ","line":8,"x":62.039710000000014,"y":626.1405000000002,"width":"287.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Article 1 - Trackerpress: “Why is it important to use correct grammar?” ","line":9,"x":62.039710000000014,"y":601.4202000000002,"width":"374.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"http://www.trackerpress.com/reference/why- is -correct-grammar-important.php ","line":10,"x":62.0398,"y":587.5,"width":"416.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Article 2 - USA Today: “Wanna get hired? Work on your grammar ","line":11,"x":62.0398,"y":562.9,"width":"350.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"http://www.usatodayeducate.com/staging/index.php/career/wanna-get-hired-wo rk- on -","line":12,"x":62.0398,"y":548.98,"width":"452.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"your-grammar ","line":13,"x":62.0398,"y":535.15,"width":"78.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Article 3 - Huf fington Post: “Kyle Wiens of iFixit Won‟t Hire the Grammatically Challenged” ","line":14,"x":62.0398,"y":510.31,"width":"478.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/10/03/kyle-wiens-ifixit-grammar_n_19379 02.html ","line":15,"x":62.0398,"y":496.51,"width":"456.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"The Eight Parts of Speech ","line":17,"x":62.03981999999999,"y":440.3498,"width":"226.02","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Before you can play a sport, you must learn the rules of the game. The same the ory ","line":18,"x":62.0398,"y":414.19,"width":"447.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"the rules. Let‟s meet the starting lineup. ","line":20,"x":62.039800000000014,"y":386.59,"width":"212.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Nouns ","line":22,"x":62.03981999999999,"y":345.77009999999996,"width":"51.51","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"groups: proper nouns and common nouns. Proper nouns are capitalized , and they refer ","line":25,"x":62.0398,"y":292.72999999999996,"width":"477.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"to specific things. Common nouns are not capitalized , and they refer to general things. ","line":26,"x":62.03980000000007,"y":278.92999999999995,"width":"474.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":27,"x":62.04000000000002,"y":265.12999999999994,"width":"9.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Nouns Proper Common ","line":28,"x":78.0238,"y":234.29,"width":"137.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"People Fred Smith student ","line":29,"x":77.0641,"y":209.33,"width":"146.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Dr. Sam Jones doctor ","line":30,"x":157.94,"y":184.22,"width":"118.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Mrs. Mary Johnson instructor ","line":31,"x":146.54,"y":159.14,"width":"157.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Places Seattle city ","line":32,"x":77.6641,"y":122.9,"width":"102.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":3,"change":"Addition","str":"Sea-Tac Airport airport ","line":33,"x":155.54,"y":97.8238,"width":"124.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"5 ","line":0,"x":304.01,"y":22.6801,"width":"6.57","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"United States country ","line":2,"x":161.54,"y":702.94,"width":"117.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Things iPhone cell phone ","line":3,"x":77.0641,"y":666.7,"width":"140.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"New York Times newspaper ","line":4,"x":153.5,"y":641.62,"width":"152.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Thanksgiving, Christmas holidays ","line":5,"x":131.9,"y":616.54,"width":"181.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Pronouns ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":594.46,"width":"70.81","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Pronouns take the place of a noun in a sentence and provide efficiency to your wri ting. ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":580.06,"width":"461.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Without pronouns: Mary sent Fred a text message to remind Fred to pick up dinner ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":538.6299,"width":"455.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"for Mary and Fred. (Difficult to read) ","line":11,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":524.8299000000001,"width":"193.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"With pronouns: Mary sent Fred a text message to remind him to pick up dinner for ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":511.02990000000005,"width":"445.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Pronouns can act as the subject of a sentence (I, he, she, they, it) or the object of a ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":469.6299,"width":"444.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"verb (me, them, us). Pronouns will be covered more in Chapter 4. ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":455.8299,"width":"350.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbs ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":413.9498,"width":"43.35","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbs show the action or a state of being. Every sentence must have a verb to be ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":399.55,"width":"448.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"complete . Without verbs, the subjects of sentences wouldn‟t be doing anything. Verbs ","line":20,"x":72.02379999999997,"y":385.75,"width":"461.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Action verbs describe the action of the subject. Run, jump, climb, read, think, and cook ","line":24,"x":72.02379999999997,"y":330.65,"width":"468.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Linking verbs describe a state of being of the subject. The action is more descriptive ","line":27,"x":72.02369999999996,"y":289.13009999999997,"width":"455.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"and connective. Is, are, seems, look, become, and feel are all linking verbs. ","line":28,"x":72.02369999999998,"y":275.45,"width":"405.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"Helping verbs do not show action in a sentence. They do exactly what their name ","line":30,"x":72.02399999999994,"y":247.7301,"width":"440.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"phrase. Common helping verbs are the following: am, are, were, has, was, will, have, ","line":32,"x":72.02399999999994,"y":220.24999999999997,"width":"453.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"and had . ","line":33,"x":72.02399999999994,"y":206.44999999999996,"width":"53.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":34,"x":72.02399999999994,"y":192.49999999999997,"width":"16.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary has passed everyone in the marathon. ","line":35,"x":90.02395999999995,"y":178.81989999999996,"width":"244.87","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary will win the race. ","line":36,"x":90.0238,"y":165.02,"width":"128.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":4,"change":"Addition","str":"able to identify if a sentence has a verb. A sentence is not complete without a ve rb. ","line":39,"x":72.0239,"y":123.49999999999999,"width":"442.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"6 ","line":0,"x":304.01,"y":22.6801,"width":"6.57","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"Adjectives ","line":2,"x":72.02369000000002,"y":706.6600000000001,"width":"75.47","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"language would be flat and boring. Adjectives often add information that ex plains which ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":678.46,"width":"465.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"one, how many, what color, and what kind. ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":664.6600000000001,"width":"233.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" Orange cat (what color?) ","line":7,"x":90.02379999999997,"y":637.1799000000001,"width":"142.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" One cat (how many?) ","line":8,"x":90.02375999999995,"y":623.3799000000001,"width":"125.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" Fluffy cat (which one?) ","line":9,"x":90.02371999999995,"y":609.5799000000002,"width":"131.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" Siamese cat (what kind?) ","line":10,"x":90.02367999999996,"y":595.7799000000002,"width":"145.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"These are all adjectives that are working to describe the cat. Adjectives usually appea r ","line":12,"x":72.02363999999996,"y":568.0600000000003,"width":"462.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"in front of the nouns and pronouns that they describe, but they can also ap pear after a ","line":13,"x":72.02364,"y":554.2600000000003,"width":"459.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"linking verb. ","line":14,"x":72.02364,"y":540.4600000000004,"width":"66.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" The cat is orange . ","line":16,"x":90.02364,"y":512.9499000000004,"width":"106.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" The cat is fluffy . ","line":17,"x":90.0238,"y":499.1499000000004,"width":"94.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"A, an , and the form a unique group of adjectives called articles. These will be ","line":19,"x":72.02395999999999,"y":471.5499000000004,"width":"415.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"team. ","line":21,"x":72.02416,"y":443.8300000000004,"width":"33.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":22,"x":72.02416,"y":430.03000000000037,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"Adverbs ","line":24,"x":72.02416,"y":397.2698000000004,"width":"60.96","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ran quickly to win the race. (How did she run?) ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":341.57,"width":"287.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary‟s legs will be sore tomorrow. (When will her legs be sore?) ","line":29,"x":90.02405999999999,"y":327.77,"width":"350.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary‟s family waited for her there . (Where did they wait?) ","line":30,"x":90.02411999999995,"y":313.96999999999997,"width":"313.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":" She was very relieved to have a few days of rest. (To what extent?) ","line":31,"x":90.02437999999995,"y":300.16999999999996,"width":"368.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"Adverbs often end in – ly, but some of the most common adverbs do not. There, then, ","line":33,"x":72.02423999999998,"y":272.57,"width":"453.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"now, sometimes, very, today, and inside are all common adverbs that do not end in – ly. ","line":34,"x":72.02423999999996,"y":258.77,"width":"465.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"Adverbs (not adjectives) describe and modify verbs. The word verb is even inside the ","line":35,"x":72.02435999999994,"y":244.96999999999997,"width":"454.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"word adverb in case you forget. ","line":36,"x":72.02435999999994,"y":231.16999999999996,"width":"170.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"Prepositions ","line":39,"x":72.02435999999994,"y":175.33989999999994,"width":"90.98","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"time. ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":133.45999999999998,"width":"29.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"The name itself has the word position in it. A preposition is a short word that will reveal ","line":43,"x":72.0238,"y":119.77989999999998,"width":"461.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":5,"change":"Addition","str":"your keys could be. They could be on the table, under the couch, between the books, ","line":45,"x":72.02379999999997,"y":92.18379999999999,"width":"454.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"7 ","line":0,"x":304.01,"y":22.6801,"width":"6.57","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"with your gym clothes, at the office, or behind the refrigerator. A preposition can also ","line":2,"x":72.02369000000002,"y":709.08,"width":"450.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary is against the new law, but Fred is for it. ","line":5,"x":90.02378999999993,"y":667.6601,"width":"251.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"at, by, for, from, in, of to, and with . ","line":8,"x":72.02394999999996,"y":626.2601,"width":"184.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"Conjunctions ","line":11,"x":72.02378999999993,"y":576.6998999999998,"width":"95.77","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"clauses. The most common conjunctions are and, but, and or. ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":548.6198999999999,"width":"331.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary and Fred enjoy drinking coffee. ","line":15,"x":90.02390000000003,"y":520.9898,"width":"205.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary drank coffee, but Fred drank tea. ","line":16,"x":90.02396000000003,"y":507.18979999999993,"width":"214.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":" Either Fred or Mary needs to run to the store. ","line":17,"x":90.02432000000005,"y":493.39019999999994,"width":"250.87","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"Interjections ","line":20,"x":72.02468000000005,"y":443.8303999999999,"width":"89.28","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"emotions. When these expressions stand alone as a sentence, an exclamation point is ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":415.63,"width":"462.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"used. When the emotion is not as strong, the interjection is set apart with a comma. ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":401.83,"width":"445.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":" Wow! Did you see the race? (Interjection standing alone as a sentence) ","line":25,"x":90.0238,"y":374.3499,"width":"390.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":" Oh well, I had planned to order the soup, but they are sold out. (Interjection set ","line":26,"x":90.02376,"y":360.53,"width":"428.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"the writer is shouting. ","line":31,"x":72.02371999999998,"y":291.5299999999999,"width":"116.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"Team Grammar ","line":34,"x":72.02371999999998,"y":235.8498999999999,"width":"109.46","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"Let‟s review our grammar team. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":221.45,"width":"171.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"Nouns/Pronouns : represent people, places, things, and ideas ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":193.8199,"width":"335.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbs: show the action ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":180.01989999999998,"width":"126.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"Adjectives/Adverbs : the describers ","line":39,"x":72.024,"y":166.21989999999997,"width":"196.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"Prepositions/Conjunctions: the joiners ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":152.41989999999996,"width":"218.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":6,"change":"Addition","str":"Interjections: the interrupters ","line":41,"x":72.024,"y":138.61989999999994,"width":"162.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"8 ","line":0,"x":304.01,"y":22.6801,"width":"6.57","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 2 ","line":8,"x":272.56969000000004,"y":554.0203000000001,"width":"69.84","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"Sentences ","line":9,"x":245.93,"y":528.31,"width":"122.98","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"To write effectively, it is important to understand how to write complete sentences. ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":484.3902,"width":"437.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"What is a sentence? All sentences must begin with a capital letter and end with a ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":454.51009999999997,"width":"467.52","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"to a capital letter and a punctuation mark, a complete sentence must contain a sub ject, ","line":16,"x":72.02388000000002,"y":426.3101,"width":"463.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"a predicate, and it must make sense. The simple subject is a noun or pronoun that is ","line":17,"x":72.02388000000002,"y":412.51009999999997,"width":"458.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"performing the action in the sentence. A quick way to find the simple subject is t o ask ","line":18,"x":72.02378000000004,"y":398.71009999999995,"width":"454.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"whom or what the sentence is about. The simple predicate is the verb or verb phrase ","line":19,"x":72.02378000000004,"y":384.91009999999994,"width":"460.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"shows a state of being. ","line":21,"x":72.02408000000008,"y":357.28979999999996,"width":"125.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":22,"x":72.02408000000008,"y":343.84999999999997,"width":"39.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"Simple Subject Simple Predicate ","line":24,"x":209.45,"y":310.49,"width":"188.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"Mary ran. ","line":25,"x":209.45,"y":285.41,"width":"53.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"Cars drive. ","line":26,"x":209.45,"y":260.33,"width":"60.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"These are very basic sentences, but they are still complete sentences. They fulfill all th e ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":226.73,"width":"469.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"requirements for being a complete sentence. Most people do not spend their t ime ","line":29,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":212.92999999999998,"width":"434.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"writing only two-word sentences. Our language would be very choppy and inefficient if ","line":30,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":199.21979999999996,"width":"458.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"we spoke this way all of the time. What happens when we add other words to th e ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":185.41979999999995,"width":"432.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence? ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":171.61979999999994,"width":"65.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"Complete Subject Complete Predicate ","line":34,"x":169.1,"y":126.02,"width":"219.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":7,"change":"Addition","str":"Mary and Sarah ran the race. ","line":35,"x":169.1,"y":100.94,"width":"158.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"9 ","line":0,"x":304.01,"y":22.6801,"width":"6.57","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"Cars on the freeway drive slowly during rush hour. ","line":2,"x":169.1,"y":702.94,"width":"269.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"The complete subject is the simple subject and all of its modifiers. The complete ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":655.5400000000001,"width":"439.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"predicate is the simple predicate plus all of its modifiers. The simple subjects and ","line":6,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":641.7400000000001,"width":"440.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"first sentence, both Sarah and Mary are the simple subjects of the sentence. ","line":8,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":614.2603000000001,"width":"410.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"In order to be a complete sentence, the sentence must make sense. The sen tence ","line":9,"x":72.02369999999985,"y":600.3404000000002,"width":"444.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"must form a complete thought on its own. If the sentence does not make sense w ithout ","line":10,"x":72.02369999999985,"y":586.5400000000002,"width":"463.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"adding some additional words, then you have written a fragment. ","line":11,"x":72.02369999999985,"y":572.7400000000002,"width":"346.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"Complete Sentence Checklist ","line":13,"x":72.02369999999985,"y":542.8603000000003,"width":"206.06","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"A sentence must have all of the following to be complete: ","line":14,"x":72.02369999999988,"y":528.4302000000002,"width":"330.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"1. A sentence must start with a capital letter and end with a punctuation mark. ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":514.63,"width":"435.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"2. A sentence must have a verb. ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":500.83,"width":"195.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"3. A sentence must have a subject. ","line":17,"x":72.02380000000002,"y":487.03,"width":"209.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"4. A sentence must make sense. ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":473.22999999999996,"width":"197.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"Sentence Types ","line":21,"x":72.02379999999997,"y":419.46979999999996,"width":"150.01","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"different types of punctuation. The punctuation mark is based upon what type of ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":390.43,"width":"429.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence it is. There are four types of sentences: statements, questions, comman ds, ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":376.63,"width":"451.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"and exclamations. ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":362.8101,"width":"99.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"Statements A statement tells something and ends with a period. Sometimes these ","line":28,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":316.24989999999997,"width":"459.39","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"are called declarative sentences because the sentence declares something. ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":301.85,"width":"405.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":" It is raining outside. ","line":31,"x":90.0238,"y":274.25,"width":"114.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":" I left my umbrella in my car. ","line":32,"x":90.02376,"y":260.45,"width":"157.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"Questions A direct question asks something and needs to end with a question mark. ","line":35,"x":72.02372,"y":214.0101,"width":"470.03","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":" Is it still raining? ","line":37,"x":90.0238,"y":185.78019999999998,"width":"96.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":" Is it going to rain tomorrow? ","line":38,"x":90.02376,"y":171.98019999999997,"width":"158.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"Commands A command gives an order and ends with a period. If the command is ","line":41,"x":72.02372,"y":125.41999999999997,"width":"457.74","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"very strong, then it can end with an exclamation point. Most of the time, the subject in a ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":111.02,"width":"465.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":8,"change":"Addition","str":"command is not stated. Instead, it is understood that the subject is you . ","line":43,"x":72.0238,"y":97.3442,"width":"380.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"10 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":" Check the weather for tomorrow. (You should check the weather for tomorrow.) ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":709.08,"width":"430.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":" Take your umbrella . ( You should take your umbrella.) ","line":3,"x":90.0238,"y":695.26,"width":"293.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"Exclamations Exclamations show strong feelings or excitement. An exclamation ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":648.58,"width":"451.53","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"can be a complete sentence, but it does not have to be a complete sentence. An ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":634.18,"width":"430.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"exclamation does not have to have a subject and a predicate. In exclamations, ofte n the ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":620.38,"width":"469.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"subject and the predicate are implied. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":606.58,"width":"202.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":" Wow! It is raining very hard! ","line":11,"x":90.0238,"y":578.98,"width":"158.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":" Oh no! He forgot his umbrella! ","line":12,"x":90.02376,"y":565.1800000000001,"width":"170.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"give the impression that the writer is shouting. ","line":15,"x":72.02372,"y":523.7499000000001,"width":"246.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"Phrases and Clauses ","line":18,"x":72.02372,"y":457.98970000000014,"width":"184.04","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"Phrases ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":426.6701,"width":"62.78","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"Phrases ","line":25,"x":180.74,"y":351.05,"width":"49.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"on the roof prepositional phrase ","line":26,"x":180.74,"y":326.09,"width":"171.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"from another planet prepositional phrase ","line":27,"x":180.74,"y":301.01,"width":"218.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"could have gone verb phrase ","line":28,"x":180.74,"y":275.93,"width":"157.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"to study the chapter infinitive phrase ","line":29,"x":180.74,"y":250.85,"width":"194.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"the coffee that she drank noun phrase ","line":30,"x":180.74,"y":225.89,"width":"204.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"It isn‟t necessary to memorize each type of phrase, but it is important to recognize that ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":178.4603,"width":"460.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"each of these phrases could not be a complete sentence on their own. ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":164.66029999999998,"width":"375.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":9,"change":"Addition","str":"Clauses ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":101.41999999999999,"width":"65.32","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"11 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"independent clauses and dependent clauses. Independent clauses can stand on their ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"464.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"own as sentences. A simple sentence is one independent clause. An indepen dent ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"437.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"clause has a subject, a verb, and it makes sense. ","line":5,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":667.5397000000002,"width":"264.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"A dependent clause also has a subject and a verb, but it does not make sense on its ","line":7,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":639.9397000000001,"width":"457.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"own. A dependent clause is a type of sentence fragment. Dependent clause s often ","line":8,"x":72.02416000000004,"y":626.1401000000001,"width":"441.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"begin with the words because, although, after, when, if, and as . These are called ","line":9,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":612.46,"width":"430.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"subordinating conjunctions, and they are covered further in Chapter 9. ","line":10,"x":72.02426000000003,"y":598.5397,"width":"374.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"after ","line":18,"x":209.57,"y":484.87,"width":"27.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"even though ","line":20,"x":268.37,"y":484.87,"width":"69.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"unless ","line":22,"x":350.47,"y":484.87,"width":"37.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"although if until ","line":23,"x":209.57,"y":464.83,"width":"83.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"as no matter how when ","line":24,"x":209.57,"y":444.79,"width":"126.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"as if now that whenever ","line":25,"x":209.57,"y":424.75,"width":"128.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"as though once where ","line":26,"x":209.57,"y":404.71,"width":"120.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"because than wherever ","line":27,"x":209.57,"y":384.67,"width":"127.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"before that whether ","line":28,"x":209.57,"y":364.61,"width":"105.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"even if though while ","line":29,"x":209.57,"y":344.57,"width":"108.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"If you begin a sentence with one of these words, it can turn an independent claus e into ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":299.9301,"width":"462.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"a dependent clause. Once the clause is dependent, it is no longer a complete se ntence. ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":286.13009999999997,"width":"468.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"setting up a great joke and leaving off the punch line. ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":244.73009999999994,"width":"283.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"Independent Clause Dependent Clause ","line":39,"x":128.3,"y":197.3,"width":"224.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"The cat ran up the stairs. Because the cat ran up the stairs. ","line":40,"x":128.3,"y":172.22,"width":"317.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"The sun came out at noon. Although the sun came out at noon. ","line":41,"x":128.3,"y":147.14,"width":"338.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":10,"change":"Addition","str":"The students arrived on time. When the students arrived on time. ","line":42,"x":128.3,"y":122.06,"width":"347.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"12 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"How can you fix dependent clauses? There are two ways to fix a dependent clause. ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"461.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"You can remove the subordinating conjunction ( although, because, if, when ). Often just ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000002,"y":695.26,"width":"465.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"removing that word will reveal an independent clause. ","line":4,"x":72.02416,"y":681.3401,"width":"288.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"Another option is to attach the dependent clause to an independent clause. A ","line":6,"x":72.02416,"y":653.7397,"width":"412.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"sense. In the following examples, the dependent clause precedes the indepe ndent ","line":8,"x":72.02416,"y":626.1401,"width":"443.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"clause. Notice that the dependent clause does not make sense as its own sentence. ","line":9,"x":72.02416,"y":612.3401,"width":"449.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"When the dependent clause joins an independent clause, the entire sentence makes ","line":10,"x":72.02416,"y":598.5397,"width":"452.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"sense. ","line":11,"x":72.02416,"y":584.7397000000001,"width":"38.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"Dependent Clause Independent Clause ","line":14,"x":137.66,"y":513.31,"width":"224.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"When the students arrived, the instructor handed out notes. ","line":15,"x":137.66,"y":488.23,"width":"318.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"After she ordered, she waited patiently for her coffee. ","line":16,"x":137.66,"y":463.27,"width":"284.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"If Fred cooks dinner, Mary washes the dishes. ","line":17,"x":137.66,"y":438.19,"width":"247.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"Punctuating Dependent Clauses Did you notice the punctuation in the examples? If ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":390.78979999999996,"width":"462.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"a dependent clause appears before the independent clause in the sentence , add a ","line":21,"x":72.02410999999998,"y":376.98979999999995,"width":"440.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"comma to separate the two clauses. If the dependent clause appears after th e ","line":22,"x":72.02411000000001,"y":363.1698999999999,"width":"417.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"dependent clause, no comma is needed. ","line":23,"x":72.02411000000001,"y":349.3698999999999,"width":"219.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"Independent Clause Dependent Clause ","line":25,"x":139.7,"y":303.77,"width":"224.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"The instructor handed out notes when the students arrived. ","line":26,"x":139.7,"y":278.69,"width":"315.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"She waited patiently for her coffee after she ordered. ","line":27,"x":139.7,"y":253.61,"width":"282.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"Mary washes the dishes if Fred cooks dinner. ","line":28,"x":139.7,"y":228.65,"width":"243.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"Sentence Varieties ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":148.1002,"width":"174.73","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"Have you ever written a paragraph and realized that every sentence looked the same ? ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":119.06000000000002,"width":"462.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":11,"change":"Addition","str":"That is a quick way to lull your reader to sleep. One way to fix the problem is to add ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":105.26000000000002,"width":"444.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"13 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences, and compound-complex ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"461.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"sentences. ","line":3,"x":72.02416,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"61.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"A simple sentence is exactly what its name implies; it is simple. A simple sentence ","line":5,"x":72.02416,"y":667.5397000000002,"width":"445.83","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"contains one independent clause. Simple sentences can be long or short, but they still ","line":6,"x":72.02446,"y":653.7397000000002,"width":"459.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ran to the park. (one independent clause) ","line":9,"x":90.02446000000003,"y":612.3401000000002,"width":"260.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah went on vacation. (one independent clause) ","line":10,"x":90.02442000000003,"y":598.5397000000003,"width":"278.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave‟s favorite places to visit are Paris, Las Vegas, New York, and Boston. (one ","line":11,"x":90.02438000000004,"y":584.7397000000003,"width":"436.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Simple sentences contain only one independent clause. Children‟s books are written ","line":14,"x":72.02434000000004,"y":543.3401000000003,"width":"450.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence varieties? Imagine that you received the following email: ","line":16,"x":72.02434000000004,"y":515.7100000000004,"width":"352.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":" I went for a run. Now I am tired. I ran five miles. ","line":18,"x":90.02434000000005,"y":488.11000000000035,"width":"262.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"The choppiness can add emphasis to that sentence when added between other ","line":23,"x":72.02430000000005,"y":419.1100000000003,"width":"425.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence varieties. ","line":24,"x":72.02430000000004,"y":405.3100000000003,"width":"109.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":" I went for a run, and now I am tired. I ran five miles. (Simple sentence foll owing ","line":26,"x":90.02430000000003,"y":377.71000000000026,"width":"432.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"A compound sentence contains two independent clauses with related topics. ","line":30,"x":72.02426000000004,"y":322.48970000000025,"width":"417.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Compound sentences can be punctuated in three different ways. Two independen t ","line":31,"x":72.02426000000006,"y":308.68970000000024,"width":"441.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"clauses can be joined with a comma and a coordinating conjunction ( for, and, nor, but, ","line":32,"x":72.02426000000008,"y":295.0100000000002,"width":"460.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"or, yet, so ). Two independent clauses can also be joined together with a semicolon. ","line":33,"x":72.02426000000008,"y":281.2100000000002,"width":"445.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"Another option for joining two independent clauses is to use a conjunctive a dverb. A ","line":34,"x":72.02426000000008,"y":267.2897000000002,"width":"451.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"with a comma. We will look at them closer in Chapter 9. ","line":37,"x":72.02476000000013,"y":225.88970000000018,"width":"297.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah flew to Hawaii on Tuesday, but her suitcase arrived on Friday. (Two ","line":39,"x":90.02476000000013,"y":198.3799000000002,"width":"403.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"independent clauses joined with a coordinating conjunction and a comma.) ","line":40,"x":108.02082000000013,"y":184.57990000000018,"width":"399.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah flew to Hawaii on Tuesday; her suitcase arrived on Friday. (Two ","line":41,"x":90.02482000000015,"y":170.77990000000017,"width":"383.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"independent clauses joined with a semicolon.) ","line":42,"x":108.02088000000015,"y":156.97990000000016,"width":"248.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah flew to Hawaii on Tuesday; however, her suitcase arrived on Friday. (Two ","line":43,"x":90.02488000000017,"y":143.17990000000015,"width":"435.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":12,"change":"Addition","str":"independent clauses joined with a semicolon and a conjunctive adverb.) ","line":44,"x":108.02094000000017,"y":129.37990000000013,"width":"384.83","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"14 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"A trick to remember all of the coordinating conjunctions is the acronym FANBOYS . ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"441.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Each letter represents one of the coordinating conjunctions: F or, A nd, N or, B ut, O r, Y et, ","line":3,"x":72.02436000000006,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"468.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"S o. ","line":4,"x":72.02439000000015,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"21.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"A complex sentence contains one independent clause and one dependent clause. The ","line":7,"x":72.02439000000015,"y":639.9397000000001,"width":"470.21","height":"14.52","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"punctuation changes depending on the order of the clauses. If the depend ent clause ","line":8,"x":72.02416000000015,"y":626.1401000000001,"width":"449.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"appears first, a comma is needed after the dependent clause. If the indepen dent clause ","line":9,"x":72.02416000000017,"y":612.3401000000001,"width":"466.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"appears first in the sentence, then no comma is needed. ","line":10,"x":72.02416000000017,"y":598.5397000000002,"width":"301.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":11,"x":72.02416000000017,"y":584.7397000000002,"width":"19.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":" Because Sarah‟s suitcase was lost, she had to go shopping. (Dependent clause ","line":12,"x":90.02418000000016,"y":571.0600000000002,"width":"433.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"appears first in the sentence, so a comma is needed between the clauses.) ","line":13,"x":108.02024000000017,"y":557.2600000000002,"width":"401.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah had to go shopping because her suitcase was lost. (Independent clause ","line":14,"x":90.02424000000019,"y":543.4600000000003,"width":"426.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"appears first in the sentence, so no comma is needed between the clauses.) ","line":15,"x":108.02030000000019,"y":529.6299000000002,"width":"408.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"A compound-complex sentence contains at least two independent clauses and one ","line":17,"x":72.02430000000015,"y":501.9100000000002,"width":"456.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"dependent clause. These sentences can be very long, so do not overuse t hem. ","line":18,"x":72.02430000000015,"y":488.1100000000002,"width":"425.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":19,"x":72.02530000000013,"y":474.3100000000002,"width":"29.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":" Although Sarah‟s lug gage was lost, she enjoyed her vacation in Hawaii; she is ","line":20,"x":90.02530000000013,"y":460.51000000000016,"width":"424.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Run- Ons ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":372.17,"width":"79.15","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Fragments ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":338.0899,"width":"89.35","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Fragments are incomplete sentences. As the name implies, a fragment is just a p iece of ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":323.69,"width":"468.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"the sentence. In formal writing, sentence fragments are frowned upon. A fragment is ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":309.89,"width":"449.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"being a complete sentence. ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":282.28999999999996,"width":"149.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Fragment After the restaurant closed . They went to a movie. ","line":33,"x":104.42,"y":248.69,"width":"325.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Fixed After the restaurant closed, they went to a movie. ","line":34,"x":104.42,"y":223.61,"width":"297.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"The fragment is fixed by joining it to the independent clause. ","line":35,"x":174.62,"y":198.5,"width":"322.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Fragment Mary plays many sports. Such as soccer, softball, and lacrosse. ","line":36,"x":104.42,"y":162.26,"width":"398.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"Fixed Mary plays many sports such as soccer, softball, and lacrosse. ","line":37,"x":104.42,"y":137.18,"width":"370.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":13,"change":"Addition","str":"The fragment is fixed by joining it to the independent clause. ","line":38,"x":174.62,"y":112.1,"width":"322.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"15 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"Fragment Due on Saturday, May 17. ","line":2,"x":104.42,"y":702.94,"width":"200.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"Fixed The assignment is due on Saturday, May 17. ","line":3,"x":104.42,"y":677.86,"width":"275.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"The fragment is fixed by adding a subject and a helping verb. ","line":4,"x":174.62,"y":652.9,"width":"326.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"Fragments can sneak into your writing because they are often punctuated a s if they ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":605.5000000000001,"width":"445.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"were complete sentences. Some sentence fragments can be fixed by changing th e ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":591.7000000000002,"width":"442.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"punctuation and joining the fragment to a complete sentence. Other sentence fra gments ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":577.9000000000002,"width":"470.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence is a fragment? Run the sentence through the Complete Sentence Che cklist ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":550.3000000000003,"width":"453.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"located at the beginning of the chapter. If the sentence does not meet all of the ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":536.4699000000003,"width":"420.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"requirements, then it is a sentence fragment. ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":522.6699000000003,"width":"247.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"reader’s attention. It is acceptable to use a sentence fragment in these cases. ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":495.0699000000003,"width":"443.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"Comma Splices ","line":18,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":448.5101000000003,"width":"116.02","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"Commas are such a handy piece of punctuation that sometimes writers try to give t hem ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":420.31,"width":"466.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"powers that they do not have. When two independent clauses are stuck toge ther with a ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":406.51,"width":"464.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"comma, it is called a comma splice . Commas do not have the power to fuse two ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":392.71,"width":"432.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"splice. ","line":24,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":365.0897,"width":"37.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ordered coffee, Fred ordered a scone. ( Comma splice) ","line":26,"x":90.02370000000002,"y":337.48969999999997,"width":"335.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ordered coffee, and Fred ordered a scone. (Fixed by adding a ","line":27,"x":90.02389999999997,"y":323.68969999999996,"width":"374.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"coordinating conjunction) ","line":28,"x":108.01995999999997,"y":309.88969999999995,"width":"151.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ordered coffee. Fred ordered a scone. (Fixed by changing the sentence ","line":29,"x":90.02395999999999,"y":296.08969999999994,"width":"432.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"to two independent sentences) ","line":30,"x":108.02001999999996,"y":282.2896999999999,"width":"179.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ordered coffee; Fred ordered a scone. (Fixed by changing the comma to ","line":31,"x":90.02401999999998,"y":268.4896999999999,"width":"436.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"a semicolon) ","line":32,"x":108.02007999999998,"y":254.6896999999999,"width":"76.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ordered coffee; however, Fred ordered a scone. (Fixed by adding a ","line":33,"x":90.02397999999997,"y":240.8896999999999,"width":"403.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"conjunctive adverb, a semicolon, and a comma) ","line":34,"x":108.02003999999994,"y":227.08969999999988,"width":"276.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"Run-On Sentences ","line":37,"x":72.02403999999996,"y":180.49979999999988,"width":"144.97","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"A run-on sentence does not mean that it is a long sentence. In fact, a run-on sente nce ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":152.29999999999998,"width":"459.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"can be very short. A run-on sentence occurs when two independent clauses appear in a ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":138.49999999999997,"width":"469.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"it should be slowed down with punctuation. Run-on sentences can be fixed w ith the ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":110.89999999999998,"width":"444.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":"same group of tricks that fixed the comma splice. ","line":43,"x":72.0238,"y":97.10389999999998,"width":"263.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":14,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":44,"x":72.0238,"y":83.30389999999998,"width":"29.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"16 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred enjoys cooking he does not enjoy cleaning. (run-on sentence) ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"371.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred enjoys cooking. He does not enjoy cleaning. (F ixed by changing the ","line":3,"x":90.02422000000001,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"406.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence to two independent sentences) ","line":4,"x":108.02038000000005,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"234.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred enjoys cooking, but he does not enjoy cleaning. (Fixed by adding a ","line":5,"x":90.02438000000001,"y":667.5397000000002,"width":"399.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"comma and a coordinating conjunction) ","line":6,"x":108.02044000000001,"y":653.7397000000002,"width":"231.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred enjoys cooking; he does not enjoy cleaning. (Fixed by adding a semicolon ","line":7,"x":90.02443999999997,"y":639.9397000000002,"width":"441.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"between the independent clauses) ","line":8,"x":108.02049999999997,"y":626.1401000000002,"width":"198.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred enjoys cooking; however, he does not enjoy cleaning. (Fixed by adding a ","line":9,"x":90.02449999999996,"y":612.3401000000002,"width":"431.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"semicolon, a conjunctive adverb, and a comma) ","line":10,"x":108.02055999999993,"y":598.5397000000003,"width":"275.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 3 ","line":14,"x":272.57055999999994,"y":506.11010000000016,"width":"69.84","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Nouns ","line":15,"x":268.73076,"y":480.4300000000002,"width":"77.57","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"A noun represents a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns can name a specific place, ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":450.31,"width":"451.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"such as Seattle , or a general place, such as a city . Nouns can also name feelings and ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":436.6299,"width":"457.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"thoughts. Excitement, fear, anger, freedom, and happiness are all nouns. Nouns work ","line":19,"x":72.02420000000001,"y":422.8299,"width":"457.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"as the subjects of sentences, as the objects of verbs, and as the objects of preposition s. ","line":20,"x":72.02417000000003,"y":408.91,"width":"469.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Nouns are divided into two categories: common nouns and proper nouns. ","line":21,"x":72.02416999999997,"y":395.11,"width":"392.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Common nouns name general people, places, and things. City, coffee, lake, kayak, ","line":23,"x":72.02416999999997,"y":367.61,"width":"450.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"tree, flower , and shoe are all common nouns. Common nouns are not capitalized. ","line":24,"x":72.02416999999997,"y":353.81,"width":"434.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Proper nouns name specific people, places, and things. Mary, Fred, Seattle, New York ","line":26,"x":72.02436999999998,"y":326.21000000000004,"width":"468.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"City , and Italy are all proper nouns. ","line":27,"x":72.02436999999998,"y":312.41,"width":"189.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Proper nouns Common nouns ","line":29,"x":160.1,"y":279.17,"width":"175.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"The White House house ","line":30,"x":160.1,"y":254.69,"width":"131.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Mt. Rainier mountain ","line":31,"x":160.1,"y":230.09,"width":"113.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Pacific Ocean ocean ","line":32,"x":160.1,"y":205.61,"width":"112.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Thanksgiving holiday ","line":33,"x":160.1,"y":180.98,"width":"114.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Friday day ","line":34,"x":160.1,"y":156.5,"width":"58.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":15,"change":"Addition","str":"Nouns that name specific people, places, and things are capitalized. ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":109.58000000000001,"width":"367.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"17 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"Making Nouns Plural ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":682.7802,"width":"181.08","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"A singular noun names one person, place, or thing. Student is an example of a ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":653.8602999999999,"width":"427.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"singular noun. What happens if more than one student shows up in the sentence ? The ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":639.9399999999999,"width":"465.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"singular noun student becomes the plural noun students . A plural noun names more ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":626.2602999999999,"width":"454.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"one of the most common grammatical errors. ","line":9,"x":72.024,"y":598.54,"width":"241.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" Most regular nouns become plural by adding an s. ","line":11,"x":90.02400000000003,"y":570.9399999999999,"width":"277.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" tree trees ","line":12,"x":72.02406000000013,"y":557.1403999999999,"width":"75.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" sock socks ","line":13,"x":72.02406000000013,"y":543.3403999999999,"width":"83.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" book books ","line":14,"x":72.02406000000013,"y":529.5102999999999,"width":"81.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" Nouns that end in s, x, z, ch, sh, or z, add es . ","line":16,"x":90.02406000000016,"y":501.9102999999999,"width":"260.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" dress dresses ","line":17,"x":72.02432000000016,"y":488.1102999999999,"width":"91.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" tax taxes ","line":18,"x":72.02432000000016,"y":474.31029999999987,"width":"60.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" lunch lunches ","line":19,"x":72.02432000000016,"y":460.51029999999986,"width":"90.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" wash washes ","line":20,"x":72.02432000000016,"y":446.71029999999985,"width":"89.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" Nouns that end in y are formed two ways. ","line":23,"x":90.02432000000013,"y":405.3102999999998,"width":"232.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"1. When letter before y is a vowel, add s. ","line":24,"x":108.02059000000014,"y":391.5102999999998,"width":"231.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" valley valleys ","line":25,"x":72.02461000000017,"y":377.7102999999998,"width":"85.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" key keys ","line":26,"x":72.02461000000017,"y":363.8899999999998,"width":"59.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" boy boys ","line":27,"x":72.02461000000017,"y":350.0899999999998,"width":"61.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" day days ","line":28,"x":72.02471000000017,"y":336.2899999999998,"width":"61.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Nouns ending with a consonant and y are formed by changing the y to an i ","line":30,"x":108.02091000000014,"y":308.68999999999977,"width":"419.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"and adding es. ","line":31,"x":108.0211300000002,"y":294.88999999999976,"width":"82.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" city cities ","line":32,"x":72.0254300000002,"y":281.08999999999975,"width":"65.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" grocery groceries ","line":33,"x":72.0254300000002,"y":267.28999999999974,"width":"105.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" library libraries ","line":34,"x":72.0254300000002,"y":253.48999999999972,"width":"90.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" blueberry blueberries ","line":35,"x":72.0254300000002,"y":239.6899999999997,"width":"122.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" Nouns that end in o are formed two ways. ","line":38,"x":90.0254300000002,"y":198.25989999999973,"width":"232.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"1. When the letter before the o is a vowel, add s. Musical terms ending in o are ","line":39,"x":108.02161000000018,"y":184.45989999999972,"width":"422.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":"formed by adding an s . ","line":40,"x":108.02153000000021,"y":170.6598999999997,"width":"128.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" kilo kilos ","line":41,"x":108.02145000000019,"y":156.8598999999997,"width":"55.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" tempo tempos ","line":42,"x":108.02145000000019,"y":143.0598999999997,"width":"85.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":16,"change":"Addition","str":" cello cellos ","line":43,"x":108.02145000000019,"y":129.25989999999967,"width":"76.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"18 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"2. When the letter before the o is a consonant, no standard rule applies. It is ","line":2,"x":108.02026000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"417.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"unsure, you should always check a current dictionary. ","line":4,"x":108.02054000000007,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"290.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"potato potatoes ","line":5,"x":144.02054000000007,"y":667.5397000000002,"width":"88.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"logo logos ","line":6,"x":144.02054000000004,"y":653.7397000000002,"width":"74.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" Nouns that end in f or fe do not follow any standard rules. It is helpful to ","line":9,"x":90.02444000000004,"y":612.3401000000002,"width":"390.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" life lives ","line":12,"x":72.02420000000002,"y":570.9397000000004,"width":"55.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" calf calves ","line":13,"x":72.02420000000001,"y":557.1401000000003,"width":"69.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" leaf leaves ","line":14,"x":72.02420000000001,"y":543.3401000000003,"width":"70.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" belief beliefs ","line":15,"x":72.02420000000001,"y":529.5100000000003,"width":"84.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" Irregular nouns become plural by changing their spelling. Check a dictionary if ","line":17,"x":90.02420000000001,"y":501.9100000000003,"width":"423.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"you are unsure of the plural form. It is helpful to memorize the plural form of t he ","line":18,"x":108.02026000000001,"y":488.1100000000003,"width":"423.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" foot feet ","line":20,"x":72.02416000000001,"y":460.5100000000003,"width":"69.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" child children ","line":21,"x":72.02416000000002,"y":446.71000000000026,"width":"91.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" man men ","line":22,"x":72.02416,"y":432.91000000000025,"width":"72.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" tooth teeth ","line":23,"x":72.02416,"y":419.11000000000024,"width":"79.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" Some nouns do not change when they become plural. These nouns have the ","line":25,"x":90.02416,"y":391.5100000000002,"width":"423.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" sheep ","line":27,"x":72.02412,"y":363.88970000000023,"width":"42.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" trout ","line":28,"x":72.02412000000001,"y":350.0897000000002,"width":"33.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" salmon ","line":29,"x":72.02412,"y":336.2897000000002,"width":"48.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":" moose ","line":30,"x":72.02412000000001,"y":322.4897000000002,"width":"46.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"form is shown first. ","line":34,"x":77.0641,"y":261.77,"width":"113.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"Family names and other proper nouns ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":196.1001,"width":"273.85","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"When the appears before the last name, the last name is always plural. For example, ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":168.01989999999998,"width":"453.87","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"the Johnsons will vacation in California this year . Holiday cards often show how many ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":154.21989999999997,"width":"456.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"followed by the word family . The word family makes the proper noun plural. For ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":126.61990000000002,"width":"422.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":17,"change":"Addition","str":"example, Johnson is singular, but the Johnson famil y is plural. ","line":43,"x":72.0238,"y":112.81990000000002,"width":"332.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"19 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Proper nouns become plural by adding an s or es to the ending . If the proper noun ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"465.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"ends in s, x, z, ch, or sh, then the plural is formed by adding es . ","line":3,"x":72.02386000000007,"y":695.26,"width":"339.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":4,"x":72.02399000000008,"y":681.5799,"width":"9.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Lopez Lopezes The Lopezes The Lopez family ","line":5,"x":144.0200900000001,"y":667.5396999999999,"width":"261.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" Woods Woodses The Woodses The Woods family ","line":6,"x":72.02409000000006,"y":653.7397,"width":"280.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" Ontario Ontarios The Ontarios The Ontario family ","line":7,"x":72.02409000000011,"y":639.9397,"width":"277.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"All other proper nouns become plural by adding s . ","line":9,"x":72.02409000000011,"y":612.3401,"width":"290.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":10,"x":72.02393000000012,"y":598.7799,"width":"9.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" October Octobers ","line":11,"x":72.02393000000014,"y":584.7397,"width":"107.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" Smith Smiths ","line":12,"x":72.02393000000015,"y":570.9397,"width":"89.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" Pepsi Pepsis ","line":13,"x":72.02393000000015,"y":557.1401,"width":"88.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" Disneyland Disneylands ","line":14,"x":72.02393000000012,"y":543.3401,"width":"150.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Compound nouns ","line":19,"x":72.02393000000012,"y":463.3897000000001,"width":"126.96","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Editor- in -chief and vice president are both compound nouns. Sometimes compound ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":421.5103,"width":"446.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"nouns contain hyphens, but most do not. ","line":23,"x":72.02395999999999,"y":407.59,"width":"219.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Sister- in -law is a compound noun. I have more than one sister- in -law, so how do we ","line":25,"x":72.02395999999996,"y":380.11029999999994,"width":"451.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"make that plural? The key is to figure out which part of the compound noun is th e main ","line":26,"x":72.02378999999996,"y":366.17009999999993,"width":"461.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"noun. The law part of the compound describes what kind of sister. The main noun is ","line":27,"x":72.02378999999996,"y":352.48999999999995,"width":"447.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"sister . The correct plural form is sisters- in -law. ","line":28,"x":72.02378999999996,"y":338.68999999999994,"width":"247.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":29,"x":72.02385000000001,"y":325.0102999999999,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" broth er - in -law brothers- in -law ","line":30,"x":72.02385000000001,"y":310.9700999999999,"width":"172.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" editor- in -chief editors- in -chief ","line":31,"x":72.02411000000006,"y":297.1700999999999,"width":"171.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" vice president vice presidents ","line":32,"x":72.02413000000007,"y":283.37009999999987,"width":"210.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":33,"x":72.02413000000007,"y":269.57009999999985,"width":"53.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"If the compound noun does not have a main noun, then the final par t of the compound ","line":34,"x":72.02413000000008,"y":255.77009999999984,"width":"459.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"noun is made plural. ","line":35,"x":72.02413000000007,"y":241.97009999999983,"width":"111.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":36,"x":72.02413000000006,"y":228.53029999999984,"width":"9.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"start- up start- ups ","line":37,"x":144.02023000000005,"y":214.49009999999984,"width":"104.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" eight-year-old eight-year-olds ","line":38,"x":72.02423000000005,"y":200.66039999999984,"width":"175.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"Some compound nouns have two acceptable plural forms. In the dictionary, the ","line":40,"x":72.02423000000005,"y":173.06039999999982,"width":"423.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"preferred spelling is shown first, but both are considered acceptable. ","line":41,"x":72.02423000000005,"y":159.2603999999998,"width":"365.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":42,"x":72.02423000000005,"y":145.7001999999998,"width":"9.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":"attorney general attorneys general or attorney generals ","line":43,"x":144.02033000000006,"y":131.6603999999998,"width":"317.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":18,"change":"Addition","str":" teaspoonful teaspoonfuls or teaspoonsful ","line":44,"x":72.02433000000008,"y":117.86039999999981,"width":"249.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"20 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"Abbreviations, degrees, numerals, and alphabet letters ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":706.6600000000001,"width":"380.85","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"M, and U) become plural by adding a lowercase s. ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":666.5799,"width":"269.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":5,"x":72.02402999999998,"y":652.8997999999999,"width":"9.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"12s 1990s ","line":6,"x":144.02013,"y":638.8599999999999,"width":"65.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" M BAs all Bs and Cs ","line":7,"x":72.02402999999998,"y":625.06,"width":"153.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"All lowercase letters and the capital letters A, I, M, and U are made plural by adding an ","line":9,"x":72.02432999999996,"y":597.4599999999999,"width":"462.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"apostrophe and s . The apostrophe is added for clarity. This is the only time that a plural ","line":10,"x":72.02433000000002,"y":583.7798999999999,"width":"466.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"is formed by adding an apostrophe and s. If you did not add the apostrophe, the words ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":569.86,"width":"461.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"might be confused as the words us, as , and is . ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":556.1799,"width":"249.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" dot your i‟s all A‟s and Bs ","line":14,"x":72.02378999999999,"y":528.4299,"width":"157.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" M‟s U‟s ","line":15,"x":72.02378999999999,"y":514.6299,"width":"55.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"Abbreviations for units of measurement often have identical singular and plural forms. ","line":19,"x":72.02408999999997,"y":459.4299,"width":"459.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":20,"x":72.02408999999994,"y":445.86969999999997,"width":"9.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" oz. ounce or ounces ","line":21,"x":72.02408999999996,"y":431.82989999999995,"width":"124.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" ft. foot or feet ","line":22,"x":72.02408999999994,"y":418.02989999999994,"width":"90.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" km kilometer or kilometers ","line":23,"x":72.02408999999997,"y":404.22989999999993,"width":"156.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"Some measurements have more than one plural form. In addition, the me asurement ","line":26,"x":72.02408999999994,"y":362.8099999999999,"width":"449.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"consistently in your document. ","line":30,"x":72.02408999999994,"y":307.60999999999984,"width":"167.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" lb. or lbs. (without periods is also acceptable) pounds ","line":32,"x":72.02408999999994,"y":280.0099999999998,"width":"301.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" qt. or qts. (without periods is also acceptable quarts ","line":33,"x":72.02408999999994,"y":266.2099999999998,"width":"295.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" yd. or yds. (without periods is also acceptable) yards ","line":34,"x":72.02408999999994,"y":252.4099999999998,"width":"290.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":35,"x":72.02408999999994,"y":238.6099999999998,"width":"23.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"Possessive Nouns ","line":37,"x":72.02408999999994,"y":205.48959999999977,"width":"167.09","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"Possessive nouns show ownership, origin, or time. To make a noun possessive, you ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":190.34,"width":"450.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"add an apostrophe and s . ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":176.6603,"width":"139.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":40,"x":72.02402999999998,"y":162.9802,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred‟s motorcycle (ownership) ","line":41,"x":90.02402999999998,"y":148.94,"width":"184.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" Hawaii‟s weat her (origin) ","line":42,"x":90.02428999999997,"y":135.14,"width":"145.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" five years‟ time (time) ","line":43,"x":90.02434999999998,"y":121.33999999999999,"width":"131.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":44,"x":72.02461,"y":107.53999999999999,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":19,"change":"Addition","str":"possessive noun. ","line":46,"x":72.02461,"y":79.9443,"width":"95.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"21 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" The motorcycle belonging to Fred ","line":3,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":695.1402,"width":"189.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" The weather of Hawaii ","line":4,"x":90.02412000000005,"y":681.3402000000001,"width":"130.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" The time of five years ","line":5,"x":90.02408000000005,"y":667.5398000000001,"width":"125.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"Both options are grammatically correct. It is important to know how to form a posse ssive ","line":7,"x":72.02404000000006,"y":639.9398000000002,"width":"470.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"noun both ways. In most cases, it is more efficient to use the possessive noun. ","line":8,"x":72.02404000000007,"y":626.1402000000002,"width":"419.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"Some sentences require knowledge of both tricks for forming the possessive. Back- to - ","line":9,"x":72.02404000000007,"y":612.3402000000002,"width":"466.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"back possessive nouns can create awkward and confusing sentences. They are ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":598.54,"width":"441.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"grammatically correct, but they sound awkward. To avoid confusing sentences, rewrite ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":584.74,"width":"461.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"one of the possessives as a prepositional phrase. ","line":12,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":570.94,"width":"265.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" My sister‟s boss‟s recommendation (awkward and wordy) ","line":14,"x":90.02380000000005,"y":543.3404,"width":"321.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" The recom mendation of my sister‟s boss (improved) ","line":15,"x":90.02386000000007,"y":529.5103,"width":"287.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"If it sounds awkward and confusing, rewrite the sentence. ","line":17,"x":72.02412000000007,"y":501.91030000000006,"width":"307.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"Using the Apostrophe ","line":19,"x":72.02412000000004,"y":468.78990000000005,"width":"190.94","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"contraction. Apostrophes never make nouns plural. How do you know where to use an ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":439.87,"width":"461.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"1. Look for possessive words ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":398.46999999999997,"width":"174.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"Usually the nouns appear together in a sentence, and the first noun shows own ership. ","line":25,"x":72.02381999999997,"y":384.66999999999996,"width":"458.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":26,"x":72.02461999999997,"y":370.85009999999994,"width":"56.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary‟s shoes ","line":27,"x":90.02461999999998,"y":357.05009999999993,"width":"81.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" the instructor‟s notes ","line":28,"x":90.02457999999999,"y":343.2500999999999,"width":"121.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" Hawaii‟s beaches ","line":29,"x":90.02463999999998,"y":329.4500999999999,"width":"104.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Reverse the nouns ","line":31,"x":72.02489999999997,"y":301.84969999999987,"width":"130.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"If you are not sure if the nouns are possessive, try reversing the nouns. Use the second ","line":32,"x":72.02507999999996,"y":288.04969999999986,"width":"467.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" The shoes belonging to Mary ","line":35,"x":90.02539000000002,"y":246.64969999999983,"width":"165.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" The notes of the instructor ","line":36,"x":90.02535000000002,"y":232.8496999999998,"width":"150.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":" The beaches of Hawaii ","line":37,"x":90.02531000000002,"y":219.0496999999998,"width":"132.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Determine if the noun is singular or plural ","line":39,"x":72.02527000000002,"y":191.4195999999998,"width":"261.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"People often get confused about where to put the apostrophe. It depends on two things: ","line":40,"x":72.02545000000003,"y":177.6195999999998,"width":"468.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"whether the noun is singular or plural and if the noun ends in s. ","line":41,"x":72.02545000000003,"y":163.81959999999978,"width":"337.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"Singular possessive noun Plural possessive noun ","line":43,"x":201.65,"y":130.7,"width":"288.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":20,"change":"Addition","str":"Noun does not Add an apostrophe and s Add an apostrophe and s ","line":44,"x":93.1441,"y":106.1,"width":"381.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"22 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"end in s student‟s assignments ","line":2,"x":93.1441,"y":690.94,"width":"173.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"woman's shoes women's shoes ","line":3,"x":201.65,"y":666.46,"width":"170.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"child's toy children's toy ","line":4,"x":201.65,"y":641.86,"width":"128.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"Ends in s Add an apostrophe and s Add an apostrophe only ","line":5,"x":93.1441,"y":606.58,"width":"343.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"students‟ assignments ","line":6,"x":374.83,"y":582.1,"width":"121.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"actress's costume actresses' costumes ","line":7,"x":201.65,"y":557.5,"width":"210.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"witness's testimony witnesses' testimony ","line":8,"x":201.65,"y":532.87,"width":"218.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"TIP: When making plural, possessive nouns, it is helpful to make the noun plural first. ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":499.86999999999995,"width":"455.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"Once the noun is plural, then you can determine how to make it possessive. ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":486.06999999999994,"width":"404.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"Do not confuse possessive nouns with contractions. A contraction is a shortened ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":458.4699999999999,"width":"459.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"form of one or two words. An apostrophe is used in place of the missing letters. Cannot ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":444.78989999999993,"width":"464.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"becomes can’t . Do not becomes don’t. The most confusing one of all is it’s . It’s is a ","line":15,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":430.9898999999999,"width":"441.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"contraction of the words it is or it has . It’s is not possessive, it is a contraction. Its is a ","line":16,"x":72.02374000000003,"y":417.1898999999999,"width":"452.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"possessive pronoun . It’s is a contraction. ","line":17,"x":72.02366000000006,"y":403.3898999999999,"width":"219.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"Challenges with Possessive Nouns ","line":20,"x":72.0236800000001,"y":349.36989999999986,"width":"304.16","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"Descriptive nouns describe the noun, but they do not show ownership. Do not use ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":315.28990000000005,"width":"467.65","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"an apostrophe. The key is to look for ownership. If the noun is only describing, an d not ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":300.89,"width":"460.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"showing ownership, then no apostrophe is needed. For example, Human Resources ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":287.21029999999996,"width":"450.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"Department is a descriptive noun. Human Resources does not own the department, but ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":273.41029999999995,"width":"466.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"it is describing the type of department. ","line":26,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":259.48999999999995,"width":"205.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":" United States Army (not United States‟ Army) ","line":28,"x":90.02380000000008,"y":231.88999999999996,"width":"271.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":" Sales Department (not Sales‟ Department) ","line":29,"x":90.02386000000007,"y":218.08999999999995,"width":"263.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"Compound nouns become possessive by adding an apostrophe or an apostrophe ","line":31,"x":72.02392000000003,"y":176.18019999999996,"width":"465.38","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":"s to the end of the compound word. ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":161.9,"width":"190.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":33,"x":72.02396000000002,"y":148.2199,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":" Mother- in - law‟s (singular and possessive) ","line":34,"x":90.02396000000002,"y":134.18009999999998,"width":"231.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":" Sisters- in - law‟s (plural and possessive) ","line":35,"x":90.02395000000001,"y":120.38009999999998,"width":"218.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":21,"change":"Addition","str":" Start- ups‟ (plural and possessive) ","line":36,"x":90.02403999999999,"y":106.58009999999999,"width":"188.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"23 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Family names become possessive by following the same rules as other nouns. ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":706.6600000000001,"width":"442.75","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Singular names form their possessive by adding an apostrophe and s . Plural names ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":692.38,"width":"448.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"already end in s . Add an apostrophe to make the plural name possessive. ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":678.58,"width":"396.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Singular Name Singular Possessive Plural Possessive ","line":6,"x":120.14,"y":645.34,"width":"311.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Mr. Jones Mr. Jones's house the Joneses' house ","line":7,"x":120.14,"y":620.86,"width":"261.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Mrs. Johnson Mrs. Johnson's yacht the Johnsons' vacation ","line":8,"x":120.14,"y":596.26,"width":"315.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"This rule is broken a lot. Holiday cards are often signed, “ Happy Holidays from the ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":563.2603,"width":"438.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Smith’s! ” It is incorrect. Apostrophes make nouns possessive, not plural. ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":549.4603000000001,"width":"388.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Abbreviations become possessive by following the same rules as other nouns. If ","line":15,"x":72.02382,"y":486.07000000000016,"width":"452.76","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"the abbreviation is singular, then you add an apostrophe and s . If the abbreviation is ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":471.79,"width":"448.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"plural and ends in s , then you only add the apostrophe. ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":457.99,"width":"295.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" NBC‟s Olympic coverage (singular, does not end in s ) ","line":19,"x":90.02409999999998,"y":430.5103,"width":"295.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" Both CEOs‟ signatures were required (plural and ends in s ) ","line":20,"x":90.02395999999999,"y":416.71029999999996,"width":"323.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" CBS‟s fall schedule (singular and ends in s ) ","line":21,"x":90.02401999999995,"y":402.91029999999995,"width":"241.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Company and organization names that include possessives may not use ","line":24,"x":72.02407999999997,"y":353.3302,"width":"442.18","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"correct grammar. It is important to use the company‟s legal name, even if it uses ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":338.93,"width":"428.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"incorrect grammar. Consult the company‟s website for their preferred spelling. ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":325.13,"width":"416.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" Starbucks Coffee ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":297.53,"width":"102.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" McDonald‟s ","line":29,"x":90.02376,"y":283.72999999999996,"width":"73.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" Macy‟s (uses a star in place of the apostrophe) ","line":30,"x":90.02372,"y":269.92999999999995,"width":"259.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"Time and money can show possession, and they need to be punctuated properly. ","line":33,"x":72.02378000000004,"y":226.24989999999994,"width":"461.64","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" one year‟s experience (the experience of one year) ","line":35,"x":90.0238,"y":198.0201,"width":"281.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" five years‟ experience (the experience of five years) ","line":36,"x":90.02385999999996,"y":184.2201,"width":"284.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" one dollar‟s worth (the worth of one dollar) ","line":37,"x":90.02391999999998,"y":170.4201,"width":"234.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" twenty dollars‟ worth (the worth of twenty dollars) ","line":38,"x":90.02397999999997,"y":156.62009999999998,"width":"269.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":" today‟s class (the class of today) ","line":39,"x":90.02404000000001,"y":142.82009999999997,"width":"184.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":22,"change":"Addition","str":"prepositional phrase instead. Both options are grammatically correct. ","line":42,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":101.42009999999996,"width":"367.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"24 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"Incomplete possessives happen when the second noun in the possessive ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":689.9799,"width":"433.46","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"construction is implied and not stated. If you choose to leave off the second noun, make ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":675.58,"width":"468.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"sure that the reader knows what word you implied. When in doubt, don‟t leave t he word ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":661.7800000000001,"width":"465.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" The family will meet at Mary‟s for the party. (Mary‟s house is implied.) ","line":8,"x":90.0238,"y":620.4999000000001,"width":"381.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" This year‟s pric e is better than l ast year‟s. (Last year‟s price is implied.) ","line":9,"x":90.02395999999993,"y":606.6999000000002,"width":"386.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"Compound possession happens when two nouns own something together or ","line":12,"x":72.02391999999992,"y":557.1397000000001,"width":"448.37","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"separately. It can confuse the best of us. If two or more nouns share ownership, then ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":542.74,"width":"452.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"you only need one apostrophe and s . ","line":14,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":529.0302,"width":"200.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary and Fred‟s dog is white. (combined ownership) ","line":15,"x":90.02364,"y":515.1103,"width":"288.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah and Theresa‟s house has a pool. (combined ownership) ","line":16,"x":90.02369999999999,"y":501.31030000000004,"width":"341.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"If two or more nouns have separate ownership, then both nouns need to be possessive. ","line":17,"x":72.02376000000004,"y":487.51030000000003,"width":"469.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary‟s and Fred‟s suitcases were lost. (Separate ownership. They both lost thei r ","line":19,"x":90.02376000000004,"y":459.9103,"width":"436.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"suitcases.) ","line":20,"x":108.0198200000001,"y":446.1103,"width":"75.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah‟s and Theresa‟s cats are striped. (Separate ownership. Sarah and ","line":21,"x":90.02371000000011,"y":432.3103,"width":"398.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"Academic degrees should be written as possessives. These degrees are not ","line":25,"x":72.02367000000014,"y":369.16999999999996,"width":"441.06","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"capitalized unless they are used as an abbreviation. ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":354.77,"width":"278.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":340.96999999999997,"width":"23.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" A bachelor‟s degree is required for the position. ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":327.16999999999996,"width":"262.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary earned a master‟s degree in biology. ","line":29,"x":90.02385999999996,"y":313.36999999999995,"width":"234.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" He has a bachelor‟s and a master‟s. (possessive form is required even if the ","line":30,"x":90.02391999999998,"y":299.56999999999994,"width":"414.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"Apostrophes make nouns possessive, not plural. ","line":34,"x":136.69987999999998,"y":239.21019999999993,"width":"341.52","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"placement of the apostrophe can change the meaning of the sentence. The f ollowing ","line":36,"x":72.02388000000002,"y":211.0101999999999,"width":"452.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":"two sentences are both grammatically correct, but they have different meanings. ","line":37,"x":72.02388000000002,"y":197.18009999999992,"width":"428.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" The student‟ s cupcake smelled delicious. (One student with one cupcake) ","line":39,"x":90.02388000000002,"y":169.5800999999999,"width":"401.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" The students‟ cupcake smelled delicious. (More than one student sharing one ","line":40,"x":90.02384000000002,"y":155.7800999999999,"width":"422.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" The teacher began class by calling the students names. (Very rude!) ","line":43,"x":90.02380000000002,"y":102.61989999999989,"width":"373.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":23,"change":"Addition","str":" The teacher began class by calling the st udents‟ names. (Much better!) ","line":44,"x":90.02392999999995,"y":86.78399999999989,"width":"387.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"25 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 4 ","line":11,"x":272.57016000000004,"y":477.67080000000004,"width":"73.87","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"Pronouns ","line":12,"x":250.01036000000005,"y":451.99070000000006,"width":"114.94","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"Pronouns take the place of a noun in a sentence. This makes writing and speaki ng ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":421.8698,"width":"441.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"much more efficient. ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":408.0698,"width":"111.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred asked Mary if Mary could pick Fred up at Fred’s office. (Without ","line":17,"x":90.02379999999998,"y":380.46979999999996,"width":"397.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","BCKRYX+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred asked Mary if she could pick him up at his office. (Pronouns are ","line":19,"x":90.02376,"y":352.84989999999993,"width":"398.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"confusing and boring. The noun that a pronoun is referring to is called the antecedent . ","line":23,"x":72.0239,"y":297.65,"width":"465.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred bought flowers and he gave them to Mary. ","line":25,"x":90.02371,"y":270.04999999999995,"width":"283.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"The pronoun he refers to the antecedent Fred . The pronoun them refers to the ","line":27,"x":72.0239,"y":242.5699,"width":"417.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"antecedent flowers . If you are using a pronoun, it is important that the antecedent is ","line":28,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":228.76989999999998,"width":"446.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"clear. ","line":29,"x":72.02399999999999,"y":214.84999999999997,"width":"35.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"Personal Pronouns ","line":32,"x":72.02399999999997,"y":155.89999999999995,"width":"181.46","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":24,"change":"Addition","str":"speaking or being spoken to. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":113.18,"width":"159.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"26 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" Subjective ","line":2,"x":72.0238,"y":702.94,"width":"66.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Case ","line":3,"x":254.09000000000003,"y":689.1404,"width":"31.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" Sing. Plural ","line":4,"x":226.9701,"y":675.3404,"width":"84.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Objective ","line":5,"x":341.59,"y":702.94,"width":"60.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Case ","line":6,"x":354.3104,"y":689.1404,"width":"31.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" Sing. Plural ","line":7,"x":320.47020000000003,"y":675.3404,"width":"97.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Possessive ","line":8,"x":445.75,"y":702.94,"width":"68.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Case ","line":9,"x":464.14029999999997,"y":689.1404,"width":"31.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" Sing. Plural ","line":10,"x":427.27,"y":675.3404,"width":"101.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"First Person ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":650.26,"width":"73.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"(person speaking) ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":636.46,"width":"99.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" I we me us my our ","line":13,"x":226.97,"y":650.26,"width":"273.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" mine ours ","line":14,"x":427.2701,"y":636.46,"width":"102.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Second Person ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":611.5,"width":"90.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"(person is speaking to you) ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":597.7,"width":"146.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" you you you you your your ","line":17,"x":226.97,"y":611.5,"width":"279.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" yours yours ","line":18,"x":427.27,"y":597.7,"width":"105.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Third Person ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":572.62,"width":"77.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"(person or thing spoken of) ","line":20,"x":72.02379999999998,"y":558.82,"width":"146.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" he they ","line":21,"x":226.97,"y":572.62,"width":"85.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" she ","line":22,"x":226.9699,"y":558.82,"width":"35.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" it ","line":23,"x":226.9699,"y":545.0200000000001,"width":"22.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" him them ","line":24,"x":320.47,"y":572.62,"width":"99.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" her ","line":25,"x":320.47,"y":558.82,"width":"30.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" it ","line":26,"x":320.47,"y":545.0200000000001,"width":"19.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" his, her theirs ","line":27,"x":427.27,"y":572.62,"width":"105.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" hers, its theirs ","line":28,"x":427.27010000000007,"y":558.82,"width":"104.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Subjective case pronouns perform the action of the verb. Verbs show the action ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":480.42999999999995,"width":"467.61","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"of the sentence, and the subject shows who or what is performing that action. I f the ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":466.03,"width":"443.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"case pronouns can work as the subjects of verbs. If a pronoun appears as the subject of ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":438.42999999999995,"width":"471.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"a sentence, then it must be in the subjective case. ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":424.62999999999994,"width":"271.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" I am going to Hawaii. (First person subjective case pronoun) ","line":38,"x":90.0238,"y":397.0299999999999,"width":"330.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" You need to study for the test. (Second person subjective case) ","line":39,"x":90.0238,"y":383.23,"width":"348.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" They work well together. (Third person subjective case) ","line":40,"x":90.0238,"y":369.41,"width":"304.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Subjective case pronouns also follow all forms of the verb be (am, is, are, was, were, ","line":43,"x":72.0238,"y":328.1301,"width":"452.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"be, been). This can be confusing, and it might initially sound strange because ob jective ","line":44,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":314.21020000000004,"width":"463.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"case pronouns usually follow verbs. ","line":45,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":300.41020000000003,"width":"195.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":46,"x":72.02370000000005,"y":286.85,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" This is she. (not her ) ","line":47,"x":90.02370000000005,"y":272.93010000000004,"width":"120.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" It was they. (not them ) ","line":48,"x":90.02396000000005,"y":259.1301,"width":"129.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"It can sound a bit unnatural and stuffy, but it is grammatically correct. If it sounds too ","line":51,"x":72.02402000000006,"y":217.61020000000002,"width":"449.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"pronoun out and using the antecedent instead. ","line":53,"x":72.02402000000001,"y":189.98010000000002,"width":"253.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" This is Sarah. (Instead of she) ","line":55,"x":90.02402000000001,"y":162.38010000000003,"width":"170.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":" It was Mary, Fred, and Dan. (Instead of they) ","line":56,"x":90.02398000000001,"y":148.58010000000002,"width":"248.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":25,"change":"Addition","str":"Objective case pronouns work as the object of a verb. A direct object shows who ","line":59,"x":72.02394000000001,"y":90.0238,"width":"471.00","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"27 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"but is receiving the action. If the direct object is a pronoun, then it must be in th e ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"427.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"objective case. ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"85.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":" The boss gave me a day off. (The boss performed the action of the verb.) ","line":5,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":667.5397,"width":"399.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary likes you. (Mary performed the action of the verb.) ","line":6,"x":90.0238,"y":653.74,"width":"305.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred drove them to the park. (Fred performed the action of the verb.) ","line":7,"x":90.0238,"y":639.94,"width":"374.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah carried it to the park. (Sarah performed the action of the verb.) ","line":8,"x":90.0238,"y":626.14,"width":"375.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"In all of the examples, the objective case pronoun is not performing the action of the ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":598.5398,"width":"447.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"verb. It is just hanging out and receiving the action of the verb. ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":584.7398000000001,"width":"333.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"Objective case pronouns also work as the object of a preposition . Prepositions ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":542.8601000000001,"width":"470.35","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"Between, at, from, under, over , and above are all prepositions. Prepositions always act ","line":15,"x":72.02377000000001,"y":514.7499,"width":"463.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"as part of a prepositional phrase. The object of the preposition is a noun or pronoun. If ","line":16,"x":72.02387000000002,"y":500.83000000000004,"width":"462.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"prepositions such as between, except, and like . The trick is to isolate the prepositional ","line":18,"x":72.02386999999999,"y":473.34990000000005,"width":"458.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"phrase. If any pronouns are objects of the preposition, then they need to be in t he ","line":19,"x":72.02406999999997,"y":459.43000000000006,"width":"435.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"objective case. ","line":20,"x":72.02406999999994,"y":445.63000000000005,"width":"89.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred threw the ball to him. (Object of the preposition to ) ","line":22,"x":90.02406999999992,"y":418.14990000000006,"width":"303.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":" Keep the secret between you and me . (Object of the preposition between ) ","line":23,"x":90.0238,"y":404.35,"width":"403.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":" Everyone except Mary and him saw the movie. (Object of the preposition except ) ","line":24,"x":90.0238,"y":390.55,"width":"439.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"“between you and me.” Me might sound casual or non-academic, but it is just as formal ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":321.5301,"width":"464.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"and academic as saying I. It is also correct. ","line":30,"x":72.02390000000003,"y":307.7301,"width":"235.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"Popular music doesn‟t help the case. Jessica Simpson, Every Avenue, and over tw enty ","line":32,"x":72.02390000000005,"y":280.0102,"width":"465.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"“Between You and I.” It is incorrect. The songs might be catchy, but do not rely on ","line":34,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":252.41019999999997,"width":"440.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"popular music to teach correct grammar. ","line":35,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":238.61019999999996,"width":"221.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"helpful to find the verb. If the pronoun is the one performing the action of the verb, then ","line":38,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":197.18009999999995,"width":"463.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"it needs to be in the subjective case. If the pronoun is receiving the action of the ve rb, ","line":39,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":183.38009999999994,"width":"455.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"then the pronoun needs to be in the objective case. If the pronoun follows a preposition , ","line":40,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":169.58009999999993,"width":"468.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"then it is the object of the preposition and needs to be in the objective form. S ubjective ","line":41,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":155.78009999999992,"width":"461.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":26,"change":"Addition","str":"back and let the action come to them. ","line":43,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":128.1800999999999,"width":"205.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"28 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Possessive case pronouns show ownership. Possessive pronouns do not have ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":706.6600000000001,"width":"465.43","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"apostrophes like possessive nouns. ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000002,"y":692.2600000000001,"width":"195.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" Is this mine? (First person possessive case) ","line":5,"x":90.02416000000002,"y":664.6600000000001,"width":"244.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" The shoes by the door must be yours. (Second person possessive case) ","line":6,"x":90.02412000000002,"y":650.8600000000001,"width":"395.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" The tickets are theirs. (Third person possessive case) ","line":7,"x":90.02408000000003,"y":637.0600000000002,"width":"295.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"acting as adjectives. This will be covered more in Chapter 7. ","line":11,"x":72.02404000000003,"y":581.8600000000002,"width":"325.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"ph rases that have been shortened by removing letters. An apostrophe is added to the ","line":14,"x":72.02404000000001,"y":540.4600000000003,"width":"456.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"contraction in place of the missing letters. Will not becomes won’t . Cannot becomes ","line":15,"x":72.02404000000001,"y":526.7498000000003,"width":"446.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"can’t. They are becomes they’re . The biggest mistake is with the word its . Its is a ","line":16,"x":72.02436000000012,"y":512.9498000000003,"width":"430.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"possessive pronoun. It shows ownership. It’s is a contraction, and is short for the words ","line":17,"x":72.02425000000011,"y":499.1498000000003,"width":"465.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"“it is” or “it has.” If you cannot decide whether you should use “its” or “it‟s” in a sentence, ","line":18,"x":72.02425000000014,"y":485.2299000000003,"width":"468.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"just replace the word wit h the words “it is” or “it has.” If the sentence still makes sense, ","line":19,"x":72.02431000000016,"y":471.4299000000003,"width":"460.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"correct choice. ","line":21,"x":72.02431000000013,"y":443.8299000000003,"width":"84.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement ","line":24,"x":72.02431000000013,"y":384.9099000000003,"width":"292.78","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"following these rules: ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":328.36999999999995,"width":"118.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"1. The pronoun must have a clear antecedent. If the reader can‟t figure out what the ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":300.7699999999999,"width":"466.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":32,"x":72.02398,"y":273.4101999999999,"width":"9.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" It was on the table. (What is it?) ","line":33,"x":108.02008000000001,"y":259.3699999999999,"width":"178.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary told Sarah that she was in trouble. (Who is in trouble?) ","line":34,"x":108.02004000000001,"y":245.56999999999988,"width":"329.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Pronouns must have the same number (singular or plural) as the antecedent. If ","line":36,"x":72.02390000000001,"y":217.96999999999989,"width":"465.23","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":"a pronoun is replacing a plural noun, then the pronoun also needs to be plural. Singu lar ","line":37,"x":72.024,"y":204.1398999999999,"width":"466.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah forgot that she was scheduled to work on Saturday. (Singular ","line":40,"x":108.0201,"y":162.7398999999999,"width":"370.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" The students set their books down. (Plural antecedent, plural pronoun) ","line":42,"x":108.02,"y":135.14,"width":"384.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary, Sarah, and Fred drove to their favorite restaurant. (Plural antecedent, ","line":43,"x":108.02,"y":121.34,"width":"411.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":27,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":45,"x":72.0239,"y":93.98410000000001,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"29 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Pronouns must have the same gender (masculine, feminine, or neutral) as the ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"460.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"antecedent . A masculine pronoun replaces a masculine noun. A feminine pronoun ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"442.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"replaces a feminine noun. It is important that the pronoun agrees with the antece dent. ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"461.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ordered her favorite meal. (Feminine antecedent, feminine pronoun) ","line":6,"x":108.02026000000005,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"400.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":" The soup had a fly in it . (Neutral antecedent, neutral pronoun) ","line":7,"x":108.02,"y":639.94,"width":"338.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"referring to people that could be male or female. ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":584.7394,"width":"261.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":12,"x":108.0198,"y":571.1796,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":" Every student must submit (his, her, its, his or her) assignment by Tuesday. ","line":13,"x":108.0198,"y":557.1398,"width":"411.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Which pronoun is correct? There isn‟t a perfect answer here. Its sounds like the student ","line":15,"x":72.02366,"y":529.6296,"width":"466.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"choose to use his and her in a sentence. This is an acceptable way around the pronoun ","line":18,"x":72.02355999999997,"y":488.2296,"width":"467.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"problem, but it can sound awkward and wordy if it is used too often. ","line":19,"x":72.02365999999998,"y":474.3097,"width":"363.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Luc kily, there is a plural, gender-neutral, third-person pronoun. They, them, their, and ","line":22,"x":72.02365999999995,"y":433.0296,"width":"454.83","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"theirs form the team to fix this problem, but the writer must make the antecedent p lural ","line":23,"x":72.02365999999995,"y":419.2296,"width":"460.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"too. ","line":24,"x":72.02375999999992,"y":405.3097,"width":"26.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":" Students must submit their assignments by Tuesday. (Plural antecedent, plural ","line":26,"x":90.02375999999992,"y":377.7097,"width":"428.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"In casual conversation, many people use they as a singular, gender neutral, third-","line":29,"x":72.0239,"y":336.4103,"width":"433.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"person pronoun. They is a plural pronoun, not a singular pronoun, so it is not correct to ","line":30,"x":72.0241,"y":322.6103,"width":"462.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"use this in formal documents. English is always evolving, so eventually th ey might fill ","line":31,"x":72.02420000000001,"y":308.8103,"width":"451.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"the void that is missing on Team Pronoun. For now, treat they as a plural pronoun only. ","line":32,"x":72.02420000000006,"y":295.0103,"width":"468.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Pronoun Challenges ","line":35,"x":72.0243000000001,"y":235.96999999999997,"width":"178.01","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Compound Subjects and Objects ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":204.7701,"width":"230.98","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":"Pronouns cause problems when they appear in combination with other nouns. ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":190.34,"width":"419.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":" I like coffee. (Correct. I is a subjective pronoun.) ","line":40,"x":90.0238,"y":162.8603,"width":"264.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":" My brother and I like coffee. (Even though another noun showed up in the ","line":41,"x":90.0238,"y":148.94,"width":"401.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":28,"change":"Addition","str":" My brother and me like coffee . ( Wrong. Me is an objective pronoun, and it has no ","line":43,"x":90.0239,"y":121.33999999999999,"width":"440.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"30 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"The trick to choosing the correct pronoun for the sentence is to ignore the other nou n ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"453.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"and the conjunction (usually and). You can cover it with your hand if that is helpful. ","line":3,"x":72.02416,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"439.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":4,"x":108.02015999999998,"y":681.5799000000001,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred and she went to the beach. Ignore “Fred and” to select the correct ","line":5,"x":90.02405999999998,"y":667.5397,"width":"387.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah asked the boss and him for advice. (Ignore “the boss and” to select the ","line":7,"x":90.0239,"y":639.94,"width":"420.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" Would you like Mary or her to drive tonight? (Ignore “Mary or” to select the ","line":9,"x":90.0239,"y":612.34,"width":"403.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" My brother and I like coffee . (Ignore “My brother and” to select the correct ","line":11,"x":90.0239,"y":584.74,"width":"400.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Reflexive Pronouns ","line":15,"x":72.0239,"y":524.3501000000001,"width":"138.37","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Reflexive pronouns end in -self or -selves and reflect back to their antecedents in the ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":510.07,"width":"452.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"same sentence. Think of them as vain pronouns that need a mirror to reflect the ir ","line":17,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":496.1501,"width":"432.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"image. Reflexive pronouns are reflecting off of the antecedent in the same sen tence. ","line":18,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":482.3501,"width":"451.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, and themselves are all ","line":19,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":468.67,"width":"454.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"sure that the antecedent is in the same sentence. A reflexive pronoun cannot show up ","line":21,"x":72.02320000000003,"y":440.9501,"width":"459.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" The students wanted to see themselves in the picture. ( Themselves reflects on ","line":24,"x":90.02320000000003,"y":399.67,"width":"428.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"the students .) ","line":25,"x":108.02,"y":385.87,"width":"75.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary looked at herself in the mirror. ( Herself reflects on Mary. ) ","line":26,"x":90.02389999999998,"y":372.0501,"width":"340.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" I am going to treat myself to a scone. ( Myself reflects on I. ) ","line":27,"x":90.0238,"y":358.25,"width":"322.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Problems show up when people use a reflexive pronoun instead of a personal pron oun. ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":330.5302,"width":"466.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Some people feel uncomfortable using me in a sentence, so they choose myself ","line":30,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":316.8501,"width":"427.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"instead. One is not more formal or more intellectual than the other, but me and myself ","line":31,"x":72.02419999999995,"y":303.0501,"width":"457.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"follow different rules so they are not interchangeable. Reflexive pronouns must have a n ","line":32,"x":72.02427000000006,"y":289.1302,"width":"465.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"antecedent in the sentence to reflect on. If it does not, then use a person al pronoun ","line":33,"x":72.02427000000012,"y":275.3302,"width":"444.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"instead. ","line":34,"x":72.02427000000012,"y":261.5302,"width":"48.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" Please email Fred or myself with any questions. (WRONG! The reflexive pronoun ","line":37,"x":90.02427000000012,"y":220.13019999999995,"width":"442.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":" Please email Fred or me with questions. (Correct.) ","line":39,"x":90.02423000000012,"y":192.50009999999995,"width":"278.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Subject Complements ","line":41,"x":72.02419000000012,"y":150.61999999999995,"width":"155.30","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"Subjective case pronouns ( I, you, he, she, they, it ) follow linking verbs. Linking verbs ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":136.46,"width":"450.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"are all forms of the verb be , including am, is, are, was, were, be, been , and has been . ","line":43,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":122.66000000000001,"width":"456.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":29,"change":"Addition","str":"stiff at first. ","line":45,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":94.94400000000002,"width":"64.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"31 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":" It is I. ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"42.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":" That was he. ","line":3,"x":90.02412000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"82.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":" Was it she who called earlier? ","line":4,"x":90.02408000000005,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"173.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"If it sounds too stiff, you can rewrite the sentence to sound more natural. It is I becomes ","line":6,"x":72.02404000000006,"y":653.8600000000001,"width":"467.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"I am here. Another rewriting option is to not use a pronoun at all, and switch the ","line":7,"x":72.02424000000008,"y":640.0600000000002,"width":"424.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"pronoun back to a noun. That was he becomes That was Fred . Was it she who called ","line":8,"x":72.02424000000008,"y":626.2600000000002,"width":"456.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"earlier becomes Was it Sarah who called earlier? ","line":9,"x":72.02454000000006,"y":612.4600000000003,"width":"267.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Indefinite Pronouns ","line":11,"x":72.02494000000007,"y":570.4600000000003,"width":"146.44","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Indefinite pronouns, such as everybody, anyone, and everything , are called indefinite ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":556.18,"width":"453.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"about whom they represent. Words such as everybody and everything sound like a ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":528.5499,"width":"442.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"indefinite pronouns are always singular and some are always plural. ","line":16,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":500.83,"width":"366.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Always Singular Always Plural ","line":17,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":487.03,"width":"199.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"anybody neither both ","line":18,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":473.22999999999996,"width":"121.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"anyone nobody few ","line":19,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":459.42999999999995,"width":"113.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"anything no one many ","line":20,"x":72.02410000000006,"y":445.62999999999994,"width":"127.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"each nothing others ","line":21,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":431.8299999999999,"width":"125.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"either somebody several ","line":22,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":418.0299999999999,"width":"146.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"everybody someone ","line":23,"x":72.0241,"y":404.2299999999999,"width":"111.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"everyone something ","line":24,"x":72.0241,"y":390.4299999999999,"width":"111.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"everything ","line":25,"x":72.0241,"y":376.6299999999999,"width":"58.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":26,"x":72.0241,"y":363.04989999999987,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"sure that the pronoun agrees with the antecedent. If the indefinite pronoun antecedent ","line":29,"x":72.0241,"y":321.41009999999983,"width":"459.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"is plural, then the pronoun must be plural too. ","line":30,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":307.6100999999998,"width":"243.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":" Everyone on the women‟s basketball team did her best. (The antecedent ","line":32,"x":90.02410000000006,"y":280.0100999999998,"width":"396.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Everyone is feminine and singular.) ","line":33,"x":108.02,"y":266.33,"width":"190.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":" Many Starbucks locations give their used coffee grounds to gardeners. (The ","line":34,"x":90.02399999999997,"y":252.41009999999997,"width":"413.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"antecedent Many is plural.) ","line":35,"x":108.02,"y":238.73,"width":"147.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":" Each email address has its own unique password. (The antecedent Each is ","line":36,"x":90.02419999999998,"y":224.92999999999998,"width":"410.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":38,"x":72.0239,"y":197.41979999999998,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Collective Nouns ","line":40,"x":72.0239,"y":167.29989999999998,"width":"127.10","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"Collective nouns such as team, faculty, flock, union , and committee refer to a group. ","line":41,"x":72.0238,"y":153.02,"width":"448.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"When talking about the group as a unit, they are considered singular. If the collective ","line":42,"x":72.02369999999996,"y":139.1001,"width":"451.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":30,"change":"Addition","str":"noun is not working as a singular unit, then it is plural. ","line":43,"x":72.0236999999999,"y":125.3001,"width":"291.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"32 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"unit. It is contained and all of the candy is traveling as a unit. What if the bag rips op en? ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"466.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"candies? ","line":6,"x":72.02416000000011,"y":653.7401000000002,"width":"54.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" The team accepted its trophy. (Team is working as one unit.) ","line":8,"x":90.02416000000011,"y":626.1405000000002,"width":"332.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" The jury handed down its verdict. (Jury is working as one unit.) ","line":9,"x":90.0238,"y":612.34,"width":"342.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" The jury could not agree on their verdict. (Jury is not working as one unit.) ","line":10,"x":90.0238,"y":598.54,"width":"401.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"It can sound awkward to use a singular pronoun with a noun that sounds plural. In those ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":558.9398,"width":"470.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"cases, rewrite your sentence by adding a plural noun as the antecedent. ","line":13,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":545.1401999999999,"width":"389.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" The team members accepted their trophy. (Antecedent is members.) ","line":15,"x":90.02379999999994,"y":517.5101999999999,"width":"374.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" The jury members handed down their verdict. (Antecedent is members.) ","line":16,"x":90.0238,"y":503.71,"width":"392.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Who vs Whom ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":487.63,"width":"102.89","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Who vs whom poses a challenge to many people today. Who is a subjective case ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":473.35,"width":"435.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" Who called? ( Who is the subject of the verb) ","line":21,"x":90.02409999999998,"y":431.95000000000005,"width":"249.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" Who is going to the conference? ( Who is the subject of the verb) ","line":22,"x":90.0238,"y":418.15,"width":"352.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" His manager is who? ( Who follows the linking verb is ) ","line":26,"x":90.0238,"y":362.9302,"width":"294.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Whom is an objective case pronoun, and acts as the object of the verb or the object of ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":335.3301,"width":"459.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"the preposition. Whom is not performing the action of the verb. Whom can either receive ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":321.5301,"width":"471.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"the action of the verb or be the object of the preposition. ","line":30,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":307.6102,"width":"302.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" To whom it may concern: ( Whom follows the preposition to) ","line":32,"x":90.02410000000003,"y":280.1301,"width":"329.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred works for whom? ( Whom follows the preposition for) ","line":33,"x":90.0238,"y":266.33,"width":"315.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary drives whom to school? ( Whom is the object of the verb drives) ","line":34,"x":90.0238,"y":252.53,"width":"375.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"Who is used as a subjective case pronoun, and whom is used as an objective case ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":212.93009999999998,"width":"443.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"pronoun. Still not 100 percent clear? There are a few tricks to make this easier. ","line":37,"x":72.024,"y":198.9801,"width":"425.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"1. If who/whom follows a preposition, then the choice is always whom . To whom, ","line":40,"x":72.024,"y":157.58009999999996,"width":"464.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"at whom, for whom, from whom. ","line":41,"x":72.02411999999998,"y":143.78009999999995,"width":"186.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Mentally replace the word who/whom in your sentence with he or him . If your ","line":44,"x":72.02411999999998,"y":102.38009999999994,"width":"452.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence makes sense switching the word to he , then who is the correct choice. Both ","line":45,"x":72.02422000000001,"y":88.70389999999995,"width":"454.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":31,"change":"Addition","str":"he and who are subjective case pronouns, so they work the same way. If your sentence ","line":46,"x":72.02442000000002,"y":74.90389999999995,"width":"468.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"33 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"makes sense switching the word to him , then whom is the correct choice. Both him and ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":709.08,"width":"465.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"whom are objective case pronouns, and they follow the same rules. It is easy to ","line":3,"x":72.02396000000005,"y":695.2601000000001,"width":"425.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"remember that him and whom go together because they both end with the letter m . ","line":4,"x":72.02396000000005,"y":681.4601000000001,"width":"445.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Who/whom brought the doughnuts? ","line":6,"x":90.02412000000004,"y":653.7398000000001,"width":"204.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" He brought the doughnuts. (Correct! This makes sense.) ","line":7,"x":90.0238,"y":639.94,"width":"310.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Him brought the doughnuts. (Incorrect. This does not make sense.) ","line":8,"x":90.0238,"y":626.14,"width":"366.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" The correct choice is: Who brought the doughnuts? ","line":9,"x":90.0238,"y":612.34,"width":"286.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"trick will work. ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":557.1398,"width":"80.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Who/Whom phrases are often questions. One trick to discovering whether to use who ","line":15,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":529.6296,"width":"470.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"or whom is to just answer the question. If the answer could be he , then who is the ","line":16,"x":72.02409999999998,"y":515.8296,"width":"435.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"correct choice for your sentence. If the answer could be him , then whom is the correct ","line":17,"x":72.02433000000002,"y":502.0296,"width":"462.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"choice. If the sentence is not a question, you can isolate the who/whom phrase and ","line":18,"x":72.02443,"y":488.2296,"width":"445.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"read it as a question. ","line":19,"x":72.02433000000002,"y":474.3097,"width":"114.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Who/Whom should I thank for this free coffee? (Answer the question.) ","line":21,"x":90.02433000000002,"y":446.7097,"width":"380.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" I should thank he . (Wrong.) ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":432.91,"width":"150.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" I should thank him. (Correct!) ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":419.11,"width":"161.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Wh o = he ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":405.31,"width":"58.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Whom = him ","line":25,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":391.51,"width":"74.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Whom should I thank for this free coffee? (Correct!) ","line":26,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":377.71,"width":"278.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Who/whom is coming to the concert? ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":350.08979999999997,"width":"207.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" He is coming to the concert. (Correct!) ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":336.29,"width":"208.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Him is coming to the concert. (Wrong.) ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":322.49,"width":"211.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Who = he ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":308.69,"width":"58.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Whom = him ","line":32,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":294.89,"width":"74.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" Who is coming to the concert? (Correct!) ","line":33,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":281.09,"width":"221.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" I do not care who/whom she took to the dance. (This is not a question, so isolate ","line":35,"x":90.0238,"y":253.48979999999997,"width":"437.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"the who/whom phrase and read it as a question.) ","line":36,"x":108.02,"y":239.81,"width":"262.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"Who/whom did she take to the dance? (The who/whom phrase is isolated as a ","line":37,"x":108.02000000000001,"y":226.01,"width":"419.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"question.) ","line":38,"x":108.02,"y":212.09,"width":"55.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"She took him to the dance. (Correct!) ","line":39,"x":108.01999999999998,"y":198.2603,"width":"199.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"She took he to the dance. (Wrong.) ","line":40,"x":108.02,"y":184.46,"width":"189.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":"I do not care whom she took to the dance. (Correct!) ","line":41,"x":108.02,"y":170.66,"width":"280.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":32,"change":"Addition","str":" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x3aEGrmsZ5c ","line":44,"x":72.0238,"y":129.26,"width":"271.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"34 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"Whose ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":706.6600000000001,"width":"54.63","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"Whose is a possessive pronoun. It is the possessive form of the pronoun who . Whose ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":692.38,"width":"458.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"can refer to people or things. Do not confuse whose with the contraction who’s . Who’s is ","line":4,"x":72.02440000000001,"y":678.58,"width":"470.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"a contraction of words who is or who has . ","line":5,"x":72.02440999999999,"y":664.7800000000001,"width":"226.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":" Whose shoes are these? (possessive pronoun) ","line":7,"x":90.02440999999999,"y":637.0601,"width":"261.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":" We cannot decide whose assignment was the best. (possessive pronoun) ","line":8,"x":90.0238,"y":623.26,"width":"401.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":" Do you know who‟s coming to the conference? (contraction) ","line":9,"x":90.0238,"y":609.46,"width":"328.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":" Who‟s responded to the invitation? (contraction) ","line":10,"x":90.0238,"y":595.66,"width":"265.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 5 ","line":15,"x":274.1298,"y":477.7898,"width":"66.61","height":"14.52","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbs ","line":16,"x":272.6895,"y":452.1101,"width":"69.62","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbs show the action or the state of being in a sentence. Imagine these senten ces ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":421.98979999999995,"width":"445.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"without verbs. They do not make sense without verbs. ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":408.18979999999993,"width":"292.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred cooks dinner every night. (Action) ","line":21,"x":90.0238,"y":380.5897999999999,"width":"216.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":" Dan is the new manager. (State of being) ","line":22,"x":90.0238,"y":366.77,"width":"229.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah flew to Hawaii. (Action) ","line":23,"x":90.0238,"y":352.97,"width":"168.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"Types of Verbs ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":299.21000000000004,"width":"132.01","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"helping verbs. ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":270.17,"width":"80.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"Action verbs show the action in a sentence. Cook, drive, run, spin, jump, fly, and ","line":31,"x":72.02372000000001,"y":223.61020000000002,"width":"450.40","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"twirl are all action verbs. Action verbs can be sorted even more. Action verbs are either ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":209.33,"width":"464.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"transitive or intransitive. ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":195.38000000000002,"width":"132.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"A transitive verb transfers its action onto a direct object. It helps that both transitive ","line":35,"x":72.02405999999999,"y":167.78000000000003,"width":"448.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"and transfer begin with trans- . ","line":36,"x":72.02399,"y":153.98000000000002,"width":"165.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred made soup. ( Made is a transitive verb. It transfers the action made to the ","line":38,"x":90.02399,"y":126.49990000000001,"width":"424.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred made. (Incorrect. Made is a transitive verb and needs a direct object in ","line":40,"x":90.0239,"y":98.9038,"width":"412.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":33,"change":"Addition","str":"order for the sentence to make sense. This sentence does not make any sense.) ","line":41,"x":108.02026000000001,"y":84.9839,"width":"434.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"35 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"An intransitive verb does not have a direct object. Intransitive verbs do not need direct ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.1402,"width":"467.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"objects in order for the sentence to make sense. ","line":4,"x":72.02446000000006,"y":681.3402000000001,"width":"262.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ran . ( Ran is an intransitive verb. It does not need a direct object to ","line":6,"x":90.02446000000009,"y":653.8601000000001,"width":"390.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah stood . ( Stood is an intransitive verb. It does not need a direct object to ","line":8,"x":90.0239,"y":626.2603,"width":"417.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"used in a sentence. ","line":12,"x":72.0239,"y":570.9396,"width":"110.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary drove. (Intransitive) ","line":14,"x":90.02389999999998,"y":543.34,"width":"143.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary drove the car. (Transitive. Car is the direct object and is receiving the action ","line":15,"x":90.0238,"y":529.63,"width":"441.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"of the verb drove .) ","line":16,"x":108.02,"y":515.83,"width":"103.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"the verb, ask the question whom? or what? If you can answer the question with ","line":19,"x":72.02399999999999,"y":474.43000000000006,"width":"422.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"information in the sentence, then that is the direct object. Transitive verbs have dir ect ","line":20,"x":72.02409999999998,"y":460.5101000000001,"width":"453.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"objects. ","line":21,"x":72.02409999999998,"y":446.71010000000007,"width":"44.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":" Dan flew the airplane. (Dan flew what? Dan flew the airplane. Airplane is the ","line":23,"x":90.02409999999998,"y":419.2300000000001,"width":"414.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"direct object. Flew is a transitive verb.) ","line":24,"x":108.02,"y":405.43,"width":"207.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred drove the kids to school. (Fred drove whom? Fred drove the kids. Kids acts ","line":25,"x":90.02389999999998,"y":391.63,"width":"436.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"as the direct object for the transitive verb drove .) ","line":26,"x":108.02,"y":377.83,"width":"260.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"For more help with transitive and intransitive verbs: ","line":28,"x":72.02382,"y":350.08979999999997,"width":"276.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_1FL05uW4Fg (Video on Transitive and Intransitive ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":336.29,"width":"469.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbs) ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":322.49,"width":"38.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/intransitiveverb.htm (Intransitive Verbs) ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":308.69,"width":"408.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"Linking Verbs ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":242.92999999999998,"width":"122.02","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"Linking verbs describe a state of being. They link the subject to more information about ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":213.89,"width":"464.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"the subject. All forms of the verb be are linking verbs ( is, am, are, was, were, and has ","line":37,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":200.18019999999999,"width":"455.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"been ). Linking verbs connect subjects to their complements. A complement completes ","line":38,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":186.38019999999997,"width":"459.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"the meaning of the subject. ","line":39,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":172.46029999999996,"width":"150.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary is the boss. (The linking verb is links Mary to the complement, boss .) ","line":41,"x":90.02410000000003,"y":144.98019999999994,"width":"404.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":" The bird is red. (The linking verb is links bird to the complement, red .) ","line":42,"x":90.0238,"y":131.18,"width":"378.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":" The car was dirty. (The linking verb was links car to the complement, dirty .) ","line":43,"x":90.0238,"y":117.38,"width":"408.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"Some sensing verbs act as both linking verbs and action verbs. Feels, appears, tastes, ","line":45,"x":72.0238,"y":89.784,"width":"463.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":34,"change":"Addition","str":"seems, sounds, looks , and smells are all verbs that describe the senses. Sometimes ","line":46,"x":72.0238,"y":75.98400000000001,"width":"451.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"36 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"can replace the sensing verb with a variation of the verb be , and the sentence still ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":681.46,"width":"436.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"makes sense, then the verb is a linking verb. ","line":5,"x":72.02406000000008,"y":667.5397,"width":"239.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":" The cat smells bad. Is that an action verb or a linking verb? Replace the verb ","line":7,"x":90.02406000000008,"y":639.9397,"width":"424.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"with a variation of the verb be . The cat is bad . That still makes sense. Smells is ","line":8,"x":108.02,"y":626.26,"width":"421.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":" The cat smells badly. Is that an action verb or a linking verb? Replace the verb ","line":10,"x":90.02385999999997,"y":598.5397,"width":"434.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"with a variation of the verb be . The cat is badly . That doesn‟t make any sense. ","line":11,"x":108.02,"y":584.86,"width":"417.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Smells is an action verb. The meaning of the sentence: the cat has trouble ","line":12,"x":108.02010999999999,"y":571.0600000000001,"width":"397.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":" She felt happy. Action verb or linking verb? She is happy . That makes sense. In ","line":14,"x":90.02400999999999,"y":543.46,"width":"438.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"this case, felt is a linking verb. ","line":15,"x":108.02,"y":529.63,"width":"166.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":" She felt the wind in her hair. Action verb or linking verb? She is the wind in her ","line":16,"x":90.0239,"y":515.83,"width":"436.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"hair. No, that doesn‟t make any sense. Felt is an action verb in this case. ","line":17,"x":108.02,"y":502.03,"width":"392.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Helping Verbs ","line":18,"x":72.02416,"y":482.58979999999997,"width":"124.05","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"The main helping verbs are all variations of the verb be . If a variation of the verb be ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":427.98990000000003,"width":"444.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"appears in the sentence on its own, then it is always a linking verb. If it shows up as pa rt ","line":22,"x":72.02350000000001,"y":414.07000000000005,"width":"470.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"of a verb phrase, then it is a helping verb. There are 23 helping verbs: am, is, are, was, ","line":23,"x":72.02350000000007,"y":400.38990000000007,"width":"464.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"were, be, been, being, has, have, had, do, does, did, may, must, might, can, could, ","line":24,"x":72.02350000000007,"y":386.58990000000006,"width":"442.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"shall, should, will, and would . ","line":25,"x":72.02350000000007,"y":372.78990000000005,"width":"161.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred is cooking dinner. ( Is is the helping verb. Cooking is the main verb. Is ","line":27,"x":90.0238,"y":345.17,"width":"405.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"cooking is a verb phrase.) ","line":28,"x":108.02,"y":331.37,"width":"140.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary can show you the report. ( Can is the helping verb. Show is the main verb. ","line":29,"x":90.0238,"y":317.57,"width":"431.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Can show is a verb phrase.) ","line":30,"x":108.02,"y":303.77,"width":"152.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Active Voice and Passive Voice ","line":33,"x":72.02389999999998,"y":244.7301,"width":"271.96","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"active voice , the subject is performing the action in the sentence. It is very direct. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":215.69,"width":"435.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Active voice is very clear, strong, and effective. ","line":36,"x":72.02379999999998,"y":201.8603,"width":"255.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred cooked dinner. (Fred is performing the action of the verb.) ","line":38,"x":90.02379999999997,"y":174.26029999999997,"width":"345.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ran the race. (Mary is performing the action of the verb.) ","line":39,"x":90.0238,"y":160.46,"width":"337.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":" Dan sent an email to Sarah. (Dan is performing the action of the verb.) ","line":40,"x":90.0238,"y":146.66,"width":"384.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"In passive voice the direct object of the verb becomes the subject of the sentence. The ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":119.0602,"width":"468.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"subject of the sentence is not performing the action of the verb in passive sentences . ","line":43,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":105.2602,"width":"452.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"Often these sentences omit who is performing the action of the sentence. These ","line":44,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":91.4641,"width":"428.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":35,"change":"Addition","str":"sentences are vague about who performed the action of the sentence. Politician s often ","line":45,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":77.6641,"width":"462.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"37 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"direct object. ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"71.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" The dinner was cooked. (Who cooked the dinner?) ","line":6,"x":90.02416000000004,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"279.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" The race was run. (Who ran the race?) ","line":7,"x":90.0238,"y":639.94,"width":"216.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" An email was sent to Sarah. (Who sent the email to Sarah?) ","line":8,"x":90.0238,"y":626.14,"width":"329.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"sound wordy, awkward, and weaker than active voice. There are some instances when ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":570.9398000000001,"width":"463.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"cars? If you do not know, then passive voice is an appropriate choice. ","line":15,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":529.5101000000001,"width":"375.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"Verb Tenses ","line":17,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":478.63000000000005,"width":"145.66","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"(first, second, third); 3. the voice (active or passive); and 4. when the action happened . ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":420.90999999999997,"width":"461.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"Verbs have a lot of work to do in a sentence! ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":407.10999999999996,"width":"239.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"Present tense verbs show action that is currently happening or a habitual action. ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":377.22989999999993,"width":"453.44","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred and Mary walk five miles every evening. (habitual action) ","line":26,"x":90.0238,"y":349.00999999999993,"width":"339.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary drives the car to work. (habitual action) ","line":27,"x":90.0238,"y":335.21,"width":"246.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"Past tense verbs show action that happened in the past. Regular verbs form the past ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":305.33009999999996,"width":"469.24","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"tense by adding -ed or -d. ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":290.9301,"width":"143.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah traveled to Hawaii. (Event happened in the past) ","line":32,"x":90.0238,"y":263.33009999999996,"width":"302.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" Dan worked on the report. (Event happened in the past) ","line":33,"x":90.0238,"y":249.53,"width":"307.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"Future tense verbs show action that will happen in the future. The helping verb will is ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":219.6501,"width":"470.80","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"added to the principal verb to form the future tense. Shall is another helping verb that ","line":36,"x":72.02422999999999,"y":205.37,"width":"453.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":"can be used to form the future tense, but it is not as common. ","line":37,"x":72.02422999999999,"y":191.42000000000002,"width":"332.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave will travel to Las Vegas next week. (Event will happen in the future) ","line":39,"x":90.02422999999999,"y":163.93990000000002,"width":"397.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" You will receive an invitation in the mail. (Event will happen in the future) ","line":40,"x":90.0238,"y":150.14,"width":"395.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":36,"change":"Addition","str":" Present Tense Past Tense Future Tense ","line":43,"x":72.0239,"y":96.74430000000001,"width":"400.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"38 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":" Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural ","line":2,"x":72.0238,"y":702.94,"width":"266.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"Person ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":664.0600000000001,"width":"43.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"I walk we ","line":5,"x":145.34,"y":677.86,"width":"52.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walk ","line":6,"x":220.37,"y":664.0600000000001,"width":"26.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"I walked we ","line":7,"x":271.61,"y":677.86,"width":"65.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walked ","line":8,"x":349.87,"y":664.0600000000001,"width":"40.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"I will walk we will ","line":9,"x":409.27,"y":677.86,"width":"92.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walk ","line":10,"x":490.54,"y":664.0600000000001,"width":"26.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"Person ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":625.3000000000001,"width":"43.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"you walk you ","line":13,"x":145.34,"y":639.1,"width":"72.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walk ","line":14,"x":220.37,"y":625.3000000000001,"width":"26.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"you walked you ","line":15,"x":271.61,"y":639.1,"width":"85.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walked ","line":16,"x":349.87,"y":625.3000000000001,"width":"40.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"you will walk you will ","line":17,"x":409.27,"y":639.1,"width":"112.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walk ","line":18,"x":490.54,"y":625.3000000000001,"width":"26.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"Person ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":586.4200000000001,"width":"43.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walks ","line":22,"x":145.34,"y":586.4200000000001,"width":"32.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walk ","line":24,"x":220.37,"y":586.4200000000001,"width":"26.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walked ","line":26,"x":271.61,"y":586.4200000000001,"width":"40.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walked ","line":28,"x":349.87,"y":586.4200000000001,"width":"40.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"will walk ","line":30,"x":409.27,"y":586.4200000000001,"width":"46.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"walk ","line":32,"x":490.54,"y":586.4200000000001,"width":"26.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"verbs. Third-person singular verbs require an -s ending. Add -es if the verb ends in s, ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":511.38990000000007,"width":"454.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"sh, ch, x, or z. ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":497.58950000000004,"width":"80.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred cooks (not cook) dinner every night. ","line":40,"x":90.02380000000001,"y":469.9895,"width":"232.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":" Stephanie teaches (not teach) many subjects. ","line":41,"x":90.0238,"y":456.19,"width":"257.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary drives (not drive) the kids to school. ","line":42,"x":90.0238,"y":442.39,"width":"232.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"Participles What are participles? Participles are another form that a verb takes. ","line":45,"x":72.0238,"y":383.46979999999996,"width":"459.80","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"Every verb has five forms: present, past, present participle, past participle, and infinitive. ","line":46,"x":72.0238,"y":368.21,"width":"469.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"Participles come in two varieties, present and past, and they are used in three differe nt ","line":47,"x":72.0238,"y":354.40999999999997,"width":"462.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"ways. ","line":48,"x":72.0238,"y":340.60999999999996,"width":"36.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"Present participles are formed by adding -ing to the present tense of a verb. This is ","line":50,"x":72.0238,"y":313.00999999999993,"width":"451.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"ing. This is always the case, and there are no exceptions. ","line":52,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":285.52989999999994,"width":"311.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"Present ten se Present participle ","line":54,"x":72.0238,"y":251.93,"width":"185.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"run running ","line":55,"x":72.0238,"y":226.85,"width":"63.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"swim swimming ","line":56,"x":72.0238,"y":201.74,"width":"86.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"cook cooking ","line":57,"x":72.0238,"y":176.66,"width":"72.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"dance dancing ","line":58,"x":72.0238,"y":151.7,"width":"80.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"Past participles of regular verbs are formed by adding -d or -ed to the present tense of ","line":60,"x":72.0238,"y":106.10019999999999,"width":"466.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"a verb. Unfortunately, irregular verbs do not follow any established rule. Be sure to lo ok ","line":61,"x":72.02379999999998,"y":92.30409999999999,"width":"465.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":37,"change":"Addition","str":"them up in a dictionary. A dictionary will list the past participle form of the verb. ","line":62,"x":72.0238,"y":78.5041,"width":"422.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"39 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"Present tense Past participle ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":677.14,"width":"166.83","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"walk walked ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":652.06,"width":"67.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"blend blended ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":627.1,"width":"78.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"drive driven ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":602.02,"width":"64.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"feel felt ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":576.94,"width":"41.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"three different ways. ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":476.11010000000005,"width":"114.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"1. Participles combine with helping verbs to form verb phrases. Neither present ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":434.7101,"width":"450.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"Helping verbs are required for a participle to work as a verb. ","line":18,"x":72.024,"y":407.1101,"width":"324.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred is cooking dinner tonight. ( Is is the helping verb. Cooking is the present ","line":20,"x":90.024,"y":379.63,"width":"419.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"participle of the verb cook .) ","line":21,"x":108.02,"y":365.81,"width":"147.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave was planning to attend the concert. ( Was is the helping verb. Planning is ","line":22,"x":90.02389999999997,"y":352.01,"width":"430.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"the present participle of the verb plan .) ","line":23,"x":108.02,"y":338.21,"width":"208.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary had blended the milkshake perfectly. ( Ha d is the helping verb. Blended is ","line":24,"x":90.02399999999997,"y":324.40999999999997,"width":"431.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"the past participle of the verb blend .) ","line":25,"x":108.02,"y":310.61,"width":"197.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah had studied all night. ( Had is the helping verb. Studied is the past ","line":26,"x":90.02430999999999,"y":296.81,"width":"395.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"participle of the verb study. ) ","line":27,"x":108.02,"y":283.01,"width":"150.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Present and past participles can also work as adjectives. Adjectives describe ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":241.4897,"width":"447.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":"nouns or pronouns. ","line":31,"x":72.024,"y":227.6897,"width":"109.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah enjoyed her swimming lessons. (The present participle swimming is ","line":32,"x":90.0239,"y":214.01,"width":"409.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":" The dripping faucet kept them awake. (The present participle dripping is ","line":34,"x":90.02426000000004,"y":186.3799,"width":"396.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":" The wrecked car was towed to the repair shop. (The past participle wrecked is ","line":36,"x":90.02412000000005,"y":158.77989999999997,"width":"428.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":38,"change":"Addition","str":" The broken window was repaired quickly. (The past participle broken is ","line":38,"x":90.02418000000002,"y":131.17989999999995,"width":"390.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"40 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"noun, they are called gerunds . A gerund might look like a verb, but it is acting like a ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"447.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"noun. Gerunds always end in -ing. ","line":4,"x":72.02396000000007,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"188.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":" Running is great exercise. ( Running is the present participle of the verb run and ","line":6,"x":90.02396000000005,"y":653.8600000000001,"width":"435.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":" Skiing is a winter sport. ( Skiing is the present participle of the verb ski and is ","line":8,"x":90.02412,"y":626.2600000000001,"width":"417.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave enjoys traveling to new places. ( Traveling is the present participle of the ","line":10,"x":90.02407999999998,"y":598.6600000000001,"width":"426.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"verb travel and is acting as a gerund. Traveling is the direct object of the verb ","line":11,"x":108.02013999999997,"y":584.8600000000001,"width":"412.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"enjoys .) ","line":12,"x":108.02013999999994,"y":571.0600000000002,"width":"45.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"If a pronoun is modifying a gerund, then it must be in the possessive form. There ","line":15,"x":72.02403999999991,"y":529.5100000000002,"width":"463.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"possessive form is needed. ","line":17,"x":72.0240399999999,"y":501.91000000000025,"width":"151.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":" She was bothered by his texting during class. (Not him. Texting is a gerund and ","line":19,"x":90.0240399999999,"y":474.42990000000026,"width":"436.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":" We objected to your buying the expensive tickets for us. (Not you. We did not ","line":21,"x":90.0239,"y":446.71,"width":"423.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"object to you, but to the action of your buying the tickets. Buying is a gerund and ","line":22,"x":108.02,"y":433.03,"width":"428.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"requires the possessive pronoun your .) ","line":23,"x":108.01999999999998,"y":419.22999999999996,"width":"210.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"Remember that past and present participles cannot act as a verb without helping verbs. ","line":26,"x":72.02401999999998,"y":377.71009999999995,"width":"466.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"an adjective or as a noun (gerund). ","line":28,"x":72.02401999999995,"y":350.08979999999997,"width":"192.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/participle.htm ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":322.49,"width":"271.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"Infinitives ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":256.73,"width":"86.93","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"An infinitive is the word to plus the present form of a verb: to swim, to run, to catch, to ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":227.8103,"width":"455.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"drive, to learn . Infinitives can be used as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. ","line":36,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":214.0103,"width":"382.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah refused to eat the brussel sprouts. ( To eat is the infinitive and is acting as ","line":38,"x":90.02419999999995,"y":186.38019999999997,"width":"436.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"a noun. It is the direct object of the verb refused .) ","line":39,"x":108.02055999999993,"y":172.58019999999996,"width":"263.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred raced home to watch the football game. ( To watch is the infinitive and is ","line":40,"x":90.0247599999999,"y":158.78019999999995,"width":"422.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"acting as an adverb. It is modifying the verb raced .) ","line":41,"x":108.0208199999999,"y":144.98019999999994,"width":"275.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":"“and.” ","line":44,"x":72.02481999999986,"y":103.46029999999993,"width":"37.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":39,"change":"Addition","str":" Be sure to call when you arrive. (Not be sure and call when you arrive.) ","line":46,"x":90.02481999999986,"y":75.86419999999994,"width":"390.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"41 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":" Try to arrive on time. (Not try and arrive on time.) ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"274.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"An infinitive is both words: to plus the present form of the verb. It was once considered a ","line":5,"x":72.02412000000004,"y":667.66,"width":"470.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"grammatical crime to add any other words between to and the verb. This is called a split ","line":6,"x":72.02444000000006,"y":653.86,"width":"469.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"infinitive. In Latin, infinitives are only one word, so they cannot be split. Two words fo rm ","line":7,"x":72.02454000000006,"y":639.9397,"width":"465.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"an infinitive in English, but the Latin rule transitioned over to English. The m ost famous ","line":8,"x":72.02454000000012,"y":626.1401,"width":"461.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"split infinitive is from Star Trek : “ To boldly go where no one has gone before.” Not only ","line":9,"x":72.02454000000012,"y":612.4599999999999,"width":"459.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"did they split the infinitive, but they split it with the word boldly . Fixing the split infinitive ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":598.66,"width":"458.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"impact. Split infinitives are considered acceptable today if they are necessary for clarity ","line":12,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":570.9397,"width":"467.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"or effect. Be aware that splitting infinitives can lead to awkward sentences. ","line":13,"x":72.02369999999996,"y":557.1401,"width":"401.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":" She decided to , on her way home from work, call her sister. (awkward) ","line":15,"x":90.02369999999996,"y":529.51,"width":"387.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":" On her way home from work, she decided to call her sister. (better) ","line":16,"x":90.02365999999995,"y":515.71,"width":"368.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"Participle Phrases ","line":18,"x":72.02381999999994,"y":470.5896,"width":"163.04","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"Se ntences can be confusing, and sometimes comical, when the introductory participle ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":414.07,"width":"458.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"phrase does not modify the intended subject. ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":400.27,"width":"245.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":" (Illogical) Flying in the airplane, the mountains looked beautiful. (The ","line":25,"x":90.02379999999997,"y":372.66999999999996,"width":"401.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":" (Correct) Flying in the airplane, Dave looked at the beautiful mountains. ","line":28,"x":90.02375999999994,"y":331.2500999999999,"width":"417.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":" (Illogical) Standing in line at Starbucks, the cell phone rang. (The ","line":31,"x":90.02371999999994,"y":289.8500999999999,"width":"379.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"introductory phrase is modifying the cell phone. The sentence means that the cell ","line":32,"x":108.01977999999997,"y":276.0500999999999,"width":"434.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":" (C orrect) Standing in line at Starbucks, Mary heard her cell phone ring. (The ","line":34,"x":90.02367999999997,"y":248.45009999999985,"width":"442.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":40,"change":"Addition","str":"make sure that the introductory participle phrase is modifying the intended noun . ","line":41,"x":72.02363999999996,"y":151.8199999999998,"width":"432.23","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"42 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.65","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"58.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":" The bride was escorted down the aisle by her father, wearing a beautiful ","line":5,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":667.5397,"width":"421.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"silk gown. (The father- of -the-bride wore a silk gown? The modifier is in the ","line":6,"x":108.02022000000005,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"401.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":" Wearing a beautiful silk gown, the bride was escorted down the aisle by her ","line":8,"x":90.02432000000006,"y":626.1401000000001,"width":"441.23","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"father. (correct) ","line":9,"x":108.02038000000006,"y":612.3401000000001,"width":"88.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":" The lost shoes were found by Dan lying under the couch. (Dan is lying under ","line":10,"x":90.02428000000006,"y":598.5397000000002,"width":"439.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":" Dan found the lost shoes lying under the couch. (Correct) ","line":12,"x":90.02424000000009,"y":570.9397000000002,"width":"335.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"If you want your sentences to be taken seriously, be sure that your phrases modify the ","line":14,"x":72.02430000000004,"y":531.3100000000003,"width":"460.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"correct nouns and pronouns. ","line":15,"x":72.02430000000004,"y":517.5100000000003,"width":"159.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/dangling-participles ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":489.91,"width":"391.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"Irregular Verbs ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":449.9502,"width":"131.07","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"Irregular verbs do not follow our handy rules for forming the past tense. The good n ews ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":434.71,"width":"465.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"is that these are words we use a lot. ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":407.10999999999996,"width":"197.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"Present Tense Past Tense Present Particip le Past Participle ","line":24,"x":84.0238,"y":361.49,"width":"341.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"bring brought bringing brought ","line":25,"x":111.74,"y":336.41,"width":"162.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"catch caught catching caught ","line":26,"x":110.66,"y":311.45,"width":"157.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"drive drove driving driven ","line":27,"x":111.98,"y":286.37,"width":"135.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"fly flew flying flown ","line":28,"x":119.06,"y":261.29,"width":"101.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"forgive forgave forgiving forgiven ","line":29,"x":107.06,"y":236.33,"width":"175.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"ring rang ringing rung ","line":30,"x":114.98,"y":211.25,"width":"116.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"see saw seeing seen ","line":31,"x":115.34,"y":186.14,"width":"117.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"swim swam swimming swum ","line":32,"x":111.38,"y":161.06,"width":"154.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"think thought thinking thought ","line":33,"x":112.34,"y":136.1,"width":"159.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"throw threw throwing thrown ","line":34,"x":110.3,"y":111.02,"width":"152.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":41,"change":"Addition","str":"write wrote writing written ","line":35,"x":112.34,"y":85.9441,"width":"136.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"43 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"present participle, and past participle. ","line":6,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":653.7402000000002,"width":"205.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"past participle shown) ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":600.34,"width":"118.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"http://chompchomp.com/irregular01/ (Irregular verb exercises) ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":586.5396000000001,"width":"335.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"Lay vs Lie ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":520.7499,"width":"89.94","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"correct version might sound wrong. Lay and lie do not mean the same thing. Lay means ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":478.0299,"width":"468.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"to set or to place . For example, she lay the book on the table. Lie means something ","line":17,"x":72.02379999999988,"y":464.2299,"width":"445.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"else. For now, let‟s ignore the definition that refers to an untruth. Lie means to recline or ","line":18,"x":72.02409999999992,"y":450.4299,"width":"467.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"to rest . For example, go lie down for a nap . ","line":19,"x":72.02419999999984,"y":436.62989999999996,"width":"234.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"case where it is important to know the difference. ","line":22,"x":72.02437999999981,"y":395.10999999999996,"width":"263.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"Lie is an intransitive verb. It does not need a direct object in order to make sense. ","line":24,"x":72.02437999999984,"y":367.60999999999996,"width":"434.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"People lie down. Down is not the direct object; it is just showing how people lie. ","line":25,"x":72.02437999999984,"y":353.80999999999995,"width":"425.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":" I will lie down for a nap. (present tense. Down is not a direct object.) ","line":27,"x":90.0243499999998,"y":326.08969999999994,"width":"370.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred told the dog to lie down. (Present tense) ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":312.29,"width":"250.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"Lay is a transitive verb. Lay requires a direct object in order to make sense. ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":284.81010000000003,"width":"405.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":" He lay the book on the table. (Book is the direct object.) ","line":32,"x":90.02420000000001,"y":257.0898,"width":"305.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary lay the baby in the crib. (Baby is the direct object.) ","line":33,"x":90.0238,"y":243.29,"width":"306.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"Things get confusing when we move out of present tense. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":203.6601,"width":"313.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":" Present Past Present ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":158.06,"width":"122.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"Participle ","line":38,"x":364.51,"y":144.26,"width":"57.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"Participle ","line":40,"x":458.02,"y":144.26,"width":"57.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"Lie (Intransitive) No Direct ","line":41,"x":72.0238,"y":119.3,"width":"143.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"Object ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":105.5,"width":"37.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":42,"change":"Addition","str":"lie lay lying lain ","line":43,"x":235.85,"y":119.3,"width":"82.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"44 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"Lay (Transitive) Direct ","line":2,"x":72.0238,"y":702.94,"width":"122.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"Object Required ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":689.1404,"width":"89.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"lay laid (not ","line":4,"x":235.85,"y":702.94,"width":"64.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"laying) ","line":5,"x":290.45,"y":689.1404,"width":"38.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"laying laid ","line":6,"x":364.51,"y":702.94,"width":"55.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"The mix up with these two words happens because the past tense of lie is lay . This is ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":643.6601,"width":"454.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"where it becomes very important to know if the verb is transitive or intransitive. ","line":9,"x":72.02366999999998,"y":629.7398000000001,"width":"421.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"meaning of the sentence. The subject is performing the action of the verb lie . ","line":12,"x":72.02366999999998,"y":588.4601,"width":"413.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":" I will lie down for a nap. (Present tense of the verb lie) ","line":14,"x":90.02366999999998,"y":560.7398,"width":"296.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":" Yesterday, he lay down for a nap at 2. (Past tense of the verb lie) ","line":15,"x":90.0238,"y":546.94,"width":"356.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred is lying on the couch. (Present participle of the verb lie) ","line":16,"x":90.0238,"y":533.11,"width":"330.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":" Those newspapers have lain on the counter for weeks. (Past participle of the ","line":17,"x":90.0238,"y":519.31,"width":"417.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"the sentence. ","line":21,"x":72.0239,"y":464.10999999999996,"width":"78.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":" He lay the book on the desk. (Present tense of the verb lay . Book is the direct ","line":23,"x":90.0239,"y":436.62989999999996,"width":"424.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":" He laid the report there yesterday. (Past tense of the verb lay . Report is the ","line":25,"x":90.0239,"y":409.0299,"width":"416.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":" She is laying new flooring in the bathroom today. (Present participle of the verb ","line":27,"x":90.0239,"y":381.42990000000003,"width":"434.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"lay . Flooring is the direct object.) ","line":28,"x":108.02,"y":367.61,"width":"179.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":" She has laid tile flooring before. (Past participle of the verb lay . Flooring is the ","line":29,"x":90.02391999999999,"y":353.81,"width":"427.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"trying to avoid the untruth definition of lie , and use lay to avoid confusion. It is also ","line":35,"x":72.0239,"y":271.0102999999999,"width":"437.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"possible that they used lay because it rhymed with another lyric. The third option is that ","line":36,"x":72.02417000000003,"y":257.2102999999999,"width":"464.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"they don‟t know the difference. The bottom line is, don‟t rely on Miley Cyrus o r other ","line":37,"x":72.02407000000002,"y":243.2899999999999,"width":"446.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"musicians to teach the rules of grammar. Sometimes they get it right, and sometime s ","line":38,"x":72.02407,"y":229.4899999999999,"width":"453.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"they get it wrong. ","line":39,"x":72.02407000000005,"y":215.68999999999988,"width":"101.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/lay-versus-lie ","line":41,"x":72.0238,"y":176.06,"width":"361.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3k1xGZH3GI (video on lay vs lie) ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":162.26,"width":"370.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":43,"change":"Addition","str":"http://masterofgrammar.blogspot.com/2007/06/lay- vs -lie.html ","line":43,"x":72.0238,"y":148.46,"width":"325.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"45 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 6 ","line":16,"x":272.57006000000007,"y":438.0692000000001,"width":"69.84","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"Subject/Verb Agreement ","line":17,"x":166.5802600000001,"y":412.5094000000001,"width":"281.69","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"In a sentence, a verb needs to agree in number with the subject. Singular subjects need ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":370.3698,"width":"469.23","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"singular verbs. Plural subjects need plural verbs. ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":356.5698,"width":"261.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":" I am tired. (singular subject/singular verb) ","line":22,"x":90.0238,"y":328.96979999999996,"width":"231.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":" We are tired. (plural subject/plural verb) ","line":23,"x":90.0238,"y":315.17,"width":"221.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":" The writing assignment was due. (singular subject/singular verb) ","line":24,"x":90.0238,"y":301.37,"width":"353.87","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":" Several writing assignments were due. (plural subject/plural verb) ","line":25,"x":90.0238,"y":287.57,"width":"359.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":" The student listens . (singular subject/singular verb) 3 rd person singular verbs ","line":26,"x":90.0238,"y":273.77,"width":"428.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"require an “s . ” ","line":27,"x":108.02,"y":259.97,"width":"86.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"Finding the subject ","line":29,"x":72.02405,"y":214.85000000000002,"width":"167.97","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"The key to subject verb agreement is locating the subject of the sentence. This can be ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":185.78,"width":"460.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"tricky when other words get in the way of the subject. ","line":32,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":171.98,"width":"287.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"Prepositional phrases can appear in your sentence and disguise the true subject. The ","line":34,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":144.38,"width":"466.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"phrase when locating the subject. Common prepositions include of, to, in, from, for, ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":116.9,"width":"443.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":"with, at, on, except, and between . ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":103.10000000000001,"width":"185.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":44,"change":"Addition","str":" The names on the invitation were Fred and Mary. ","line":39,"x":90.02409999999998,"y":75.38400000000001,"width":"277.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"46 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" The information from the president is listed below. ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"280.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" Everyone except Fred is attending the party. ","line":3,"x":90.0238,"y":695.14,"width":"250.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" The bill at the restaurant was paid in full. ","line":4,"x":90.0238,"y":681.34,"width":"226.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"Subjects can be difficult to find when they appear near phrases that begin with t he ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":639.9398,"width":"437.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"words along with, as well as, in addition to, such as, including, together with, plus, and ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":626.2601,"width":"459.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"other. These are called parenthetical phrases , and they are often set apart from the ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":612.4601,"width":"457.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"subjects. The information in the parenthetical phrase is de-emphasized in the senten ce. ","line":11,"x":72.02409999999998,"y":584.7398000000001,"width":"467.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"It is not as important to the sentence as the subject. It is fine to use these ph rases, but ","line":12,"x":72.02409999999998,"y":570.9398000000001,"width":"460.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"ignore them when locating the subject of the sentence. ","line":13,"x":72.02409999999998,"y":557.1402,"width":"299.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred , together with his entire family , is attending the conference. ","line":15,"x":90.02409999999998,"y":529.5101000000001,"width":"356.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" The manager , along with all of her employees , has received a raise. ","line":16,"x":90.0238,"y":515.71,"width":"375.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" The job application , plus tips on how to ace an interview , is listed online. ","line":17,"x":90.0238,"y":501.91,"width":"397.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"compound subject means that you have to change the verb too. ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":432.9102,"width":"344.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred and his entire family are attending the conference. (plural subject/plural ","line":24,"x":90.0238,"y":405.31019999999995,"width":"416.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" The manager and all of her employees have received a raise. (plural ","line":26,"x":90.0239,"y":377.71,"width":"374.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" The job application and tips on how to ace an interview are listed online. (plural ","line":28,"x":90.0239,"y":350.09,"width":"430.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"It can be challenging to find the subject in inverted sentences. Look for the true subject ","line":31,"x":72.0239,"y":296.69000000000005,"width":"470.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"after the verb. Sentences beginning with here and there are always inverted. Questions ","line":32,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":283.01030000000003,"width":"467.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"subject, you can restore the sentence to the more common subject-verb pattern. ","line":34,"x":72.02400000000006,"y":255.29000000000002,"width":"431.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" Here are your keys. (Restoring subject-verb pattern: Your keys are here.) ","line":36,"x":90.02400000000006,"y":227.69000000000003,"width":"399.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" There are four birds on the fence. (Restoring subject-verb pattern: Four birds are ","line":37,"x":90.0238,"y":213.89,"width":"438.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" Where are we ? (Restoring subject-verb pattern: We are where?) ","line":39,"x":90.0239,"y":186.26,"width":"352.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":" How important are good grades? (Restoring subject-verb pattern: Good grades ","line":40,"x":90.0238,"y":172.46,"width":"430.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":45,"change":"Addition","str":"Basic Rules for Subject-Verb Agreement ","line":44,"x":72.0239,"y":99.74389999999997,"width":"349.03","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"47 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"challenging. ","line":5,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":667.5401000000002,"width":"70.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"Subjects joined by and ","line":7,"x":72.02416000000007,"y":637.6604000000002,"width":"160.73","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"The conjunction and joins words together. When one subject is added to another ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":623.38,"width":"430.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"subject using the conjunction and , the subject is usually plural. The conjunction and ","line":9,"x":72.02379999999998,"y":609.58,"width":"445.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"verbs. ","line":11,"x":72.024,"y":581.8601000000001,"width":"38.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred and Mary order coffee every morning. (Fred and Mary form a compound ","line":13,"x":90.024,"y":554.2601000000001,"width":"423.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"subject, joined by the word and . Mary and Fred is plural, so the verb order is ","line":14,"x":108.02,"y":540.58,"width":"407.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":" Debbie and Dave are flying to Hawaii. ( Debbie and Dave form a compound ","line":16,"x":90.02371999999998,"y":512.9499,"width":"408.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"subject, joined by the word and . Debbie and Dave is plural, so the verb are is ","line":17,"x":108.02,"y":499.15,"width":"411.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"Subjects joined by and are singular in only two cases. ","line":21,"x":72.02401999999991,"y":426.6699,"width":"378.76","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"1. When the subjects are preceded by the words each or every , the verb is singular. ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":398.5897,"width":"447.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"Think of it as each and every single thing. ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":384.7897,"width":"227.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":" Every student and instructor is eligible for a prize. ( Think of the sentence as, ","line":26,"x":90.0241,"y":357.1698,"width":"415.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"“Every single student and every single instructor is eligible for a prize.”) ","line":27,"x":108.0197,"y":343.2499,"width":"379.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":" Each report and check needs to be signed. (Think of the sentence as, “Each ","line":28,"x":90.02369999999996,"y":329.4499,"width":"416.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"individual report and each individual check needs to be signed.”) ","line":29,"x":108.01959999999997,"y":315.6499,"width":"344.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"2. When the subject joined by and represents a single person or thing, it is considered ","line":31,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":288.0499,"width":"458.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"singular. For example, macaroni and cheese is a singular noun. It refers to one dish. ","line":32,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":274.24989999999997,"width":"452.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":" Macaroni and cheese is her favorite meal. (Macaroni and cheese represents a ","line":34,"x":90.02360000000004,"y":246.64989999999995,"width":"426.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"Subjects joined by or or nor ","line":37,"x":72.02372000000007,"y":190.93969999999993,"width":"195.50","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"When two or more subjects are joined by or or nor , the conjunction or and nor means it ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":176.78,"width":"463.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"is either one or the other. Or does not add the subjects together. Or implies a choice ","line":39,"x":72.02370999999994,"y":162.98,"width":"449.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"between one or the other. The verb must agree with the closest subject in the ","line":40,"x":72.02370999999994,"y":149.06009999999998,"width":"434.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. It often helps to ignore the other half of the sentence when choosing the ","line":41,"x":72.0238,"y":135.26,"width":"442.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"correct verb. ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":121.46,"width":"72.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":" Either you or Sam was responsible for bringing the coffee. (The closest subject is ","line":44,"x":90.0238,"y":93.8639,"width":"442.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":46,"change":"Addition","str":"Sam . The verb agrees with Sam .) ","line":45,"x":108.02,"y":80.184,"width":"182.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"48 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":" Either Sam or you were responsible for bringing the coffee. (The closest subject ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"434.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"is you . The verb agrees with you .) ","line":3,"x":108.02,"y":695.26,"width":"183.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":" Neither the cats nor the dog is eating. (The closest subject is dog . The verb ","line":4,"x":90.02392,"y":681.46,"width":"410.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"agrees with dog .) ","line":5,"x":108.02,"y":667.66,"width":"95.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":" Neither the dog nor the cats are eating. (The closest subject is cats . The verb ","line":6,"x":90.02389999999997,"y":653.86,"width":"420.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"agrees with cats .) ","line":7,"x":108.02,"y":640.06,"width":"97.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"When dealing with subjects joined by or or nor , if one part is singular and the other part ","line":9,"x":72.02421999999999,"y":612.4599999999999,"width":"464.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"is plural, it often sounds more natural to put the plural part closer to the verb. ","line":10,"x":72.02411999999998,"y":598.5396999999999,"width":"411.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":" Neither the packages nor the letter was delivered on time. (Grammatically ","line":12,"x":90.02411999999998,"y":570.9396999999999,"width":"406.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":" Neither the letter nor the packages were delivered on time. (Grammatically ","line":14,"x":90.0239,"y":543.34,"width":"411.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"TIP: Either always pairs up with or . Neither always pairs up with nor . ","line":17,"x":72.0239,"y":501.90999999999997,"width":"398.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"Company and Organization Names ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":443.35,"width":"246.41","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"Company names require singular verbs, even if they end in the letter s . Companies ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":415.2699,"width":"443.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"considered singular; therefore, they require singular verbs. ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":387.55,"width":"316.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":" Starbucks is hiring. (Starbucks is the name of a single company, so the verb ","line":26,"x":90.0238,"y":359.93,"width":"415.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":" Southwest Airlines has many flights to Las Vegas. (Southwest Airlines is the ","line":28,"x":90.0239,"y":332.33,"width":"415.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":" Jones & Associates is located in Phoenix. (Jones & Associates is the name of a ","line":30,"x":90.0239,"y":304.72999999999996,"width":"434.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"Challenges with Subject/Verb Agreement ","line":35,"x":72.0239,"y":218.20999999999998,"width":"353.93","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"Indefinite Pronouns ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":186.98010000000002,"width":"139.20","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"Indefinite pronouns are vague, and figuring out whether an indefinite pron oun is singular ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":158.78,"width":"470.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"or plural can be challenging. Everybody sounds like a lot of people, but it is considered ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":145.0999,"width":"461.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":47,"change":"Addition","str":"Plural pronouns require plural verbs. ","line":43,"x":72.02359999999996,"y":103.57999999999998,"width":"196.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"49 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Some indefinite pronouns are singular or plural depending on how they are being used ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"462.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"in a sentence . All, more, most, some, any, and none can be singular or plural, ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.26,"width":"414.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"depending on how they are being used in a sentence. Occasionally , a prepositional ","line":4,"x":72.02426000000008,"y":681.3401,"width":"444.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"phrase will never contain the subject, but it might reveal whether the indefinite prono un ","line":6,"x":72.02406000000008,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"462.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"is singular or plural. ","line":7,"x":72.02406000000013,"y":639.9397000000001,"width":"110.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":" Everyone in the family is here. (singular subject/singular verb) ","line":9,"x":90.02406000000015,"y":612.3401000000001,"width":"337.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":" Both are good choices. (plural subject/plural verb) ","line":10,"x":90.0238,"y":598.54,"width":"274.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":" Most of the students are here today. ( Most is plural in this sentence. The ","line":11,"x":90.0238,"y":584.86,"width":"394.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"prepositional phrase reveals that most refers to the students. Plural subject/plural ","line":12,"x":108.02,"y":571.06,"width":"433.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":" Most of her coffee is gone. ( Most is singular in this sentence. The prepositional ","line":14,"x":90.02379999999998,"y":543.4599999999999,"width":"427.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"phrase reveals that most refers to her coffee . Singular subject/singular verb) ","line":15,"x":108.02,"y":529.63,"width":"406.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Always Singular Always Plural Singular or plural ","line":20,"x":77.0641,"y":454.99,"width":"279.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Anyone anybody both all ","line":21,"x":77.0641,"y":430.51,"width":"157.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Anything each few any ","line":22,"x":77.0641,"y":405.91,"width":"129.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Either every many more ","line":23,"x":77.0641,"y":381.43,"width":"163.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Everyone everybody several most ","line":24,"x":77.0641,"y":356.81,"width":"196.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Everything neither none ","line":25,"x":77.0641,"y":332.21,"width":"136.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"No one nobody some ","line":26,"x":77.0641,"y":307.73,"width":"141.83","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Nothing someone ","line":27,"x":77.0641,"y":283.13,"width":"120.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Somebody something ","line":28,"x":77.0641,"y":258.65,"width":"128.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Collective Nouns as Subjects ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":203.6601,"width":"205.34","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"Collective nouns such as committee, jury, team, group, family, crowd, class, flock, and ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":175.57989999999998,"width":"459.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":48,"change":"Addition","str":"audience may be singular or plural depending on how they are being used in the ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":161.77989999999997,"width":"429.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"50 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" The team has worked well together all season. ( Team is acting as a singular ","line":3,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":695.2602,"width":"419.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" The class is working hard on the assignment. ( Class is acting as a singular ","line":5,"x":90.0239,"y":667.6599,"width":"412.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" The jury were divided in their opinions. (The jury is not acting as a unit, so it is ","line":7,"x":90.0239,"y":640.0603,"width":"428.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"The jury members were divided in their opinions .) ","line":9,"x":108.02,"y":612.4599,"width":"265.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" The team were practicing individually before the game. (The team is not acting ","line":10,"x":90.02392000000003,"y":598.6599,"width":"434.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"The team members were practicing individually before the game.) ","line":12,"x":108.02,"y":571.0603,"width":"351.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"Distinction between the number and a number ","line":18,"x":72.024,"y":465.1899,"width":"326.02","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"When the word number is the subject of a sentence, the adjective article ( the or a ) ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":450.91,"width":"438.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"reveals whether the noun is singular or plural. ","line":20,"x":72.02441000000005,"y":436.9897,"width":"251.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"The number = singular ","line":22,"x":72.02441000000005,"y":409.3897,"width":"123.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"A number = plural ","line":23,"x":72.02471000000003,"y":395.5897,"width":"98.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" A number of students are sick today. (plural subject/plural verb) ","line":25,"x":90.02481000000003,"y":367.9697,"width":"347.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" The number of students absent today is low. (singular subject/singular verb) ","line":26,"x":90.0238,"y":354.17,"width":"414.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" A number of animals are featured at the zoo this month. (plural subject/plural ","line":27,"x":90.0238,"y":340.37,"width":"418.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" The number of text messages sent last month is too high. (singular ","line":29,"x":90.0239,"y":312.77,"width":"366.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"Quantities and Measures ","line":32,"x":72.0239,"y":257.08990000000006,"width":"178.62","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"When quantities and measures refer to total amounts, the subject is singular. ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":242.81,"width":"413.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" Two hundred dollars is a lot to spend on a pair of jeans. (Two hundred dollars is ","line":35,"x":90.0238,"y":215.20999999999998,"width":"434.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" Ten miles is a long way to run in an afternoon. (Ten miles is the total amount. ","line":37,"x":90.0239,"y":187.57999999999998,"width":"421.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":"If the quantities are referring to individual amounts, then the subject is considered plural. ","line":40,"x":72.0239,"y":146.18,"width":"473.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" Two hundred quarters were lost at the casino. (The quarters are not acting as a ","line":42,"x":90.02390000000003,"y":118.58,"width":"432.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":49,"change":"Addition","str":" Four days a month are set aside for meetings. (The four days are not acting as a ","line":44,"x":90.0239,"y":90.9839,"width":"438.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"51 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"Fractions, portions, and percentages ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":680.8602000000001,"width":"261.54","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"to in the same sentence. The prepositional phrase often offers a clue to help determine ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":638.8600000000001,"width":"464.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"whether the subject is singular or plural. ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":625.0600000000002,"width":"217.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" One third of the assignment was incorrect. ( One third is singular because it ","line":9,"x":90.02379999999997,"y":597.5799000000002,"width":"408.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" Only one third of the students are here on time. ( One third is plural because it ","line":11,"x":90.0239,"y":569.9798999999999,"width":"421.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"refers to the plural noun students. ) ","line":12,"x":108.02,"y":556.18,"width":"186.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" A percentage of the report covers new research. ( A percentage is singular ","line":13,"x":90.0239,"y":542.38,"width":"406.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" A percentage of the books were checked out by Mary. (A percentage is plural ","line":15,"x":90.0239,"y":514.63,"width":"422.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 7 ","line":18,"x":272.5699,"y":468.0698,"width":"69.84","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"sentences. Although adjectives and adverbs have similar jobs, they do not have the ","line":22,"x":72.024,"y":398.46979999999996,"width":"449.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"same job. Adjectives modify and describe nouns and pronouns. Adverbs modi fy and ","line":23,"x":72.024,"y":384.66979999999995,"width":"449.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"language would sound bland. ","line":25,"x":72.024,"y":357.0498999999999,"width":"159.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" (Without adjectives or adverbs) She wore a hat. ","line":27,"x":90.024,"y":329.4498999999999,"width":"266.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" (With adjectives and adverbs ) She proudly wore a gigantic, blue cowboy hat. ","line":28,"x":90.02396,"y":315.7697999999999,"width":"432.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"information. ","line":31,"x":72.02391999999998,"y":274.2498999999999,"width":"69.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"Adjectives ","line":34,"x":72.02391999999999,"y":220.4896999999999,"width":"96.13","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"Adjectives modify and describe nouns and pronouns. Three, purple, large, and tall are ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":191.5398,"width":"462.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"all adjectives. Adjectives are added to nouns to answer the questions what kind is it? , ","line":37,"x":72.02359999999993,"y":177.7398,"width":"455.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"what color is it?, which one is it? , or how many are there ? ","line":38,"x":72.02359999999987,"y":164.0601,"width":"310.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" I like yellow houses. (Adjectives answer the question what color? ) ","line":40,"x":90.02396999999985,"y":136.46009999999998,"width":"361.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred likes gourmet meals. (Adjectives answer the question what kind? ) ","line":41,"x":90.0238,"y":122.66,"width":"389.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" The thick book sat open on the table. (Adjectives answer the question which ","line":42,"x":90.0238,"y":108.86,"width":"417.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":"one? ) ","line":43,"x":108.02,"y":95.0641,"width":"33.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":50,"change":"Addition","str":" Three birds sat on the fence. (Adjectives answer the question how many? ) ","line":44,"x":90.0239,"y":81.2641,"width":"405.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"52 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"Adjectives also follow linking verbs. Linking verbs are all forms of the verb be , and can ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":683.2602,"width":"460.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"also be sensing verbs such as taste, smell, look , or feel . If the sensing verb is ","line":4,"x":72.02396000000005,"y":669.4602000000001,"width":"413.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"describing a state of being, then it is working as a linking verb. ","line":6,"x":72.02396000000005,"y":641.7399000000001,"width":"332.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" The basketball player is tall . (The adjective tall follows the linking verb is .) ","line":8,"x":90.02396000000005,"y":614.2602000000002,"width":"401.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" The flowers are pink . (The adjective pink follows the linking verb are .) ","line":9,"x":90.0238,"y":600.46,"width":"380.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" I feel bad about breaking the dish. (Not badly. The adjective bad follows the ","line":10,"x":90.0238,"y":586.66,"width":"412.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"linking verb feel . If feel was working as an action verb, it would change the ","line":11,"x":108.02,"y":572.86,"width":"396.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"meaning of the sentence. I feel badly means that something is wrong with your ","line":12,"x":108.02029999999998,"y":559.0600000000001,"width":"420.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary looks good in her new outfit. (Not well. The adjective good follows the ","line":14,"x":90.02430000000003,"y":531.4299000000001,"width":"410.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"linking verb looks .) ","line":15,"x":108.02,"y":517.63,"width":"102.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"Articles ","line":18,"x":72.02431000000001,"y":461.83,"width":"60.24","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"Articles are a specific category of adjectives. A, an, and the are adjectives that appear ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":433.7499,"width":"458.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"immediately before nouns, making the noun specific or nonspecific. ","line":21,"x":72.02389999999991,"y":419.83000000000004,"width":"362.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"The is a definite article . The article the describes a specific person, place, or thing. ","line":23,"x":72.02389999999991,"y":392.34990000000005,"width":"453.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" Please bring the book to class. (describes a specific book) ","line":25,"x":90.02395999999993,"y":364.61000000000007,"width":"320.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" She went to the store. (she went to a specific store) ","line":26,"x":90.02421999999996,"y":350.81000000000006,"width":"284.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" He wants the motorcycle. (He wants a specific motorcycle) ","line":27,"x":90.02417999999993,"y":337.01000000000005,"width":"322.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"A and an are indefinite articles and are used to describe people, places, or things in ","line":29,"x":72.02423999999992,"y":309.41,"width":"458.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"general. When do you use a and when do you use an ? It depends on the word that ","line":30,"x":72.0243099999999,"y":295.72990000000004,"width":"442.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"comes next. A is used before words with a consonant sound, such as a shop, a coffee, ","line":31,"x":72.02420999999987,"y":281.92990000000003,"width":"463.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"a bike, a book, a one-week trip, and a unit . ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":268.13,"width":"232.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" Please bring a book to class. (it doesn‟t matter which book) ","line":34,"x":90.024,"y":240.4101,"width":"323.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" She went to a store. (it doesn‟t matter which store) ","line":35,"x":90.02424000000002,"y":226.6101,"width":"278.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" He wants a motorcycle. (He wants a motorcycle, and he doesn‟t care which one.) ","line":36,"x":90.02426999999994,"y":212.81009999999998,"width":"440.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"An is used before words with a vowel sound, such as an honor, an hour, an employee , ","line":38,"x":72.02447999999998,"y":185.29999999999995,"width":"462.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"and an umbrella . The word does not have to begin with a vowel, but it has to make the ","line":39,"x":72.02467999999993,"y":171.49999999999994,"width":"460.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"vowel sound. Be careful with words that start with h, u, and o . These letters can make ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":157.7,"width":"460.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":"consonant sounds and vowel sounds. ","line":41,"x":72.02382,"y":143.78009999999998,"width":"206.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" It is a historic event, and he is an honorable man. ","line":43,"x":90.02382,"y":116.18009999999997,"width":"276.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" She took an umbrella on a Utopian vacation. ","line":44,"x":90.0238,"y":102.38,"width":"247.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":51,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred left an onion on the counter when he went on a one-week vacation. ","line":45,"x":90.0238,"y":88.584,"width":"395.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"53 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"Demonstrative Adjectives ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":706.6600000000001,"width":"180.16","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"This, that, these , and those are all demonstrative adjectives. Demonstrative adjectives ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":678.58,"width":"459.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"whether the noun is nearby or at a distance. ","line":6,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":650.8601000000001,"width":"239.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"This - singular adjective and shows that the noun it modifies is nearby ","line":8,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":623.2601000000001,"width":"374.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"These - plural adjective and shows that the noun it modifies is nearby ","line":9,"x":72.02440000000007,"y":609.4601000000001,"width":"371.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"That - singular and at a distance ","line":10,"x":72.02450000000005,"y":595.6601000000002,"width":"175.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"Those - plural and at a distance ","line":11,"x":72.02480000000006,"y":581.8601000000002,"width":"172.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":" These shoes are great! (The adjective and the noun are plural. The shoes are ","line":13,"x":90.02490000000003,"y":554.2601000000002,"width":"424.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":" Those shoes were too expensive. (The adjective and noun are plural. The shoes ","line":15,"x":90.0239,"y":526.6299,"width":"439.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":" That class is interesting. (The adjective and the noun are singular. The class is a t ","line":17,"x":90.0239,"y":499.03000000000003,"width":"442.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":" This class is my favorite. (The adjective and the noun are singular. The class is ","line":19,"x":90.0239,"y":471.43,"width":"431.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"Possessive Adjectives ","line":23,"x":72.0239,"y":401.94989999999996,"width":"158.42","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"Possessive adjectives appear before the nouns they describe. My car, our garden, your ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":373.86990000000003,"width":"466.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"vacation, his hat, her coffee, its schedule, and their retreat . ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":360.05,"width":"314.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":" His car was in the shop, but he got a ride in her car. ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":332.3302,"width":"290.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":" I lost my book at your house. ","line":29,"x":90.02406000000002,"y":318.5302,"width":"171.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"Compound Adjectives ","line":32,"x":72.02442000000005,"y":262.85009999999994,"width":"159.93","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"Compound adjectives are formed when two or more words are joined together to form a ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":234.64999999999998,"width":"468.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"before the noun they modify. If the compound adjective appears after the noun, they are ","line":36,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":207.04999999999995,"width":"469.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"usually not hyphenated. Some compound adjectives are always hyphenated no m atter ","line":37,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":193.21989999999997,"width":"461.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"where they appear in a sentence. First-class, well-known, short-term, old-fashioned, up-","line":38,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":179.53979999999996,"width":"465.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"to -date , and full-time are always hyphenated. If a dictionary lists the compound ","line":39,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":165.73979999999995,"width":"420.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":"adjective with hyphens, then it is considered permanently hyphenated. ","line":40,"x":72.02379999999997,"y":151.93979999999993,"width":"379.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":" The five-year-old child is five years old . (hyphenated before the noun, but not ","line":42,"x":90.0238,"y":124.33979999999994,"width":"430.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":52,"change":"Addition","str":" A 15 -year loan takes 15 years to pay off. (hyphenated before the noun, but not ","line":44,"x":90.02366000000002,"y":96.74409999999995,"width":"429.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"54 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave and Sarah had fi rst-class seats to a well-known resort. (permanently ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"414.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"Hyphens are used even if part of the compound adjective is implied. ","line":5,"x":72.02402000000008,"y":667.5397,"width":"394.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":" Several two- and three-bedroom apartments are for rent. ","line":7,"x":90.02402000000006,"y":639.9397,"width":"322.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":" They are hiring many part- and full-time employees. ","line":8,"x":90.02398000000002,"y":626.1401,"width":"294.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"Compound adjectives can use hyphens, but adverbs are not hyphenated when the y ","line":10,"x":72.02381000000003,"y":598.5396999999999,"width":"446.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"appear before a noun. Newly opened clinic, freshly painted room, individually wrapped ","line":11,"x":72.02381000000003,"y":584.8599999999999,"width":"464.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"candy , and highly respected musician would not be hyphenated because they contain ","line":12,"x":72.02397000000005,"y":571.06,"width":"457.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"an adverb. Adverbs often end in - ly and are never hyphenated. ","line":13,"x":72.02427000000003,"y":557.1401,"width":"339.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"Coordinating Adjectives and Cumulative Adjectives ","line":16,"x":72.02419000000003,"y":501.4298999999999,"width":"358.13","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"working independently to modify and describe the noun, they are called co ordinating ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":459.42999999999995,"width":"449.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"the adjectives need a comma separating them, run the sentence through t he following ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":431.8299999999999,"width":"458.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"test. ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":418.0299999999999,"width":"29.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"1. Mentally add the word and between the adjectives. If the sentence still makes ","line":24,"x":108.01989999999999,"y":390.5498999999999,"width":"427.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"sense? ","line":28,"x":108.01989999999998,"y":335.2100999999999,"width":"41.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"If the sentence still makes sense, then the adjectives are working independently and a ","line":30,"x":72.02379999999997,"y":307.6100999999999,"width":"460.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"comma is needed between them. ","line":31,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":293.81009999999986,"width":"183.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":" The fluffy, yellow cat sat in the sun. (Coordinating adjectives separated with a ","line":33,"x":90.02379999999994,"y":266.21009999999984,"width":"427.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"comma. Does it pass the test? The yellow and fluffy cat sat in the window. It st ill ","line":34,"x":108.01985999999994,"y":252.41009999999983,"width":"426.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah is an intelligent, motivated student. (Coordinating adjectives separated ","line":37,"x":90.02375999999994,"y":211.0100999999998,"width":"429.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"If the sentence does not pass the test, then do not add the comma between the ","line":41,"x":72.02381999999996,"y":155.7799999999998,"width":"424.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"adjectives. These adjectives are called cumulative adjectives because they build on ","line":42,"x":72.02381999999994,"y":141.9799999999998,"width":"456.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"one another and need to stay in a specific order. No commas are needed between ","line":43,"x":72.02381999999994,"y":128.17999999999978,"width":"439.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":53,"change":"Addition","str":"cumulative adjectives. ","line":44,"x":72.02381999999994,"y":114.37999999999978,"width":"123.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"55 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" The efficient administrative assistant got the work done in record time. (No ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"416.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" The red sports car was speeding. (No comma separating the adjectives. Does it ","line":7,"x":90.02402000000005,"y":639.9401000000003,"width":"438.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"Adverbs ","line":15,"x":72.02398000000005,"y":478.63030000000026,"width":"98.93","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"Adverbs describe and modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Adverbs can a lso ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":448.51,"width":"452.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"modify phrases or entire sentences. The word verb is inside the word adverb , so it is ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":434.8299,"width":"450.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"easy to remember that adverbs describe verbs. Many adverbs end in -ly, but some of ","line":19,"x":72.02390000000003,"y":420.91,"width":"454.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"the most common adverbs do not, including always, indeed, here, there, tomorrow, ","line":20,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":407.22990000000004,"width":"442.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"today, later, never, now, sometimes, soon, when, where, not, and too . Adverbs explain ","line":21,"x":72.02390000000008,"y":393.42990000000003,"width":"465.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"where, when, how , and to what extent . ","line":22,"x":72.02402000000006,"y":379.6299,"width":"211.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" Yesterday Fred arrived at work early . (Adverbs explain when ) ","line":24,"x":90.02422000000007,"y":352.01000000000005,"width":"341.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" Please put your dirty dishes there . (Adverb explains where ) ","line":25,"x":90.02428000000015,"y":338.21000000000004,"width":"326.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary ran so quickly that she finished early . (Adverb explains to what extent, ","line":26,"x":90.02474000000018,"y":324.41,"width":"419.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"how , and when .) ","line":27,"x":108.0207000000002,"y":310.61,"width":"91.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"Adverbs also follow action verbs. ","line":29,"x":72.02488000000022,"y":282.8897,"width":"181.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" The students listened carefully to the instructions. (Not careful. Adverbs follow ","line":31,"x":90.02488000000022,"y":255.2897,"width":"428.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" The dinner party went smoothly . (Not smooth. Adverbs follow action verbs) ","line":33,"x":90.0239,"y":227.69,"width":"412.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" It rained unusually hard on Sunday. (Both unusually and hard are adverbs.) ","line":34,"x":90.0238,"y":213.89,"width":"417.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"direct, directly; and close, closely. ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":172.4602,"width":"184.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah drove slowly . ( Or less formal : Sarah drove slow to the game.) ","line":39,"x":90.0238,"y":144.98009999999996,"width":"375.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred called the president directly . ( Or less formal : Fred called the president ","line":40,"x":90.0238,"y":131.18,"width":"413.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":54,"change":"Addition","str":"Double Negatives ","line":43,"x":72.0239,"y":75.38380000000001,"width":"128.66","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"56 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Double negatives occur when a negative adverb ( no, not, nothing, none, hardly, barely ) ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":709.08,"width":"465.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"is used with a negative verb ( didn’t, don’t, won’t ). Double negatives are considered ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.2601000000001,"width":"440.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":" He doesn’t never drink coffee. (Double negative) ","line":6,"x":90.02406000000005,"y":653.7398000000001,"width":"274.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","BCKRYX+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":" He doesn’t drink coffee. (correct) ","line":7,"x":90.0238,"y":639.94,"width":"188.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","BCKRYX+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":" He never drinks coffee. (correct) ","line":8,"x":90.02376,"y":626.1404,"width":"184.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary can’t barely see without her glasses. (Double negative) ","line":10,"x":90.02372,"y":598.54,"width":"337.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","BCKRYX+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary can barely see without her glasses. (correct) ","line":11,"x":90.02387999999999,"y":584.74,"width":"279.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary can’t see without her glasses. (correct, but changes the meaning slightly) ","line":12,"x":90.02424,"y":570.94,"width":"430.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","BCKRYX+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Comparative and Superlative Forms ","line":16,"x":72.02430000000001,"y":478.63020000000006,"width":"413.69","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"nouns and pronouns. Adverbs are used to compare verbs. Adjectives and adverbs hav e ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":434.7102,"width":"469.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"three degrees: positive, comparative, and superlative. The positive degree of an ","line":20,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":420.9102,"width":"433.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"adjective or adverb is used when it modifies only one word. The comparative degree is ","line":21,"x":72.02359999999993,"y":407.11019999999996,"width":"469.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"used when comparing two items. The superlative degree is used to compare three or ","line":22,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":393.31019999999995,"width":"460.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"more items. ","line":23,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":379.51019999999994,"width":"69.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Comparative/Superlative Adjectives ","line":25,"x":72.0236,"y":337.6101999999999,"width":"249.56","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"The comparative degree of one- and two-syllable adjectives is formed by adding -r or -","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":309.5299,"width":"457.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"er to the ending ( newer, older, taller, shorter ). The superlative degree of one- and two- ","line":28,"x":72.02371999999997,"y":295.7299,"width":"460.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"syllable adjectives is formed by adding -st or -est to the ending ( newest, oldest, tallest, ","line":29,"x":72.02371999999997,"y":281.9299,"width":"459.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"shortest ). If the adjective ends in y , change the y to i before adding - er (for comparative) ","line":30,"x":72.02371999999997,"y":268.12989999999996,"width":"468.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"or -est (for superlative). ","line":31,"x":72.02383000000003,"y":254.32989999999995,"width":"130.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Long adjectives (three or more syllables) and adjectives that are difficult to pronounce ","line":33,"x":72.02373000000001,"y":226.60999999999996,"width":"457.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"form the comparative and superlative degrees by adding the words more and most ","line":34,"x":72.02373,"y":212.92989999999995,"width":"441.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"( mo re beneficial, most beneficial ) and less and least ( less popular, least popular ). ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":199.09979999999996,"width":"436.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Regular Adjectives ","line":37,"x":72.02437000000009,"y":171.37989999999996,"width":"110.87","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":" Positive ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":151.58,"width":"49.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":" the word ","line":40,"x":165.73970000000003,"y":123.98,"width":"52.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Comparative ","line":41,"x":293.21,"y":151.58,"width":"75.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"persons or things ","line":43,"x":271.84979999999996,"y":123.98,"width":"98.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"(usually add r or er ) ","line":44,"x":271.84979999999996,"y":110.29990000000001,"width":"107.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"Superlative ","line":45,"x":431.47,"y":151.58,"width":"67.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"things ","line":48,"x":397.99,"y":110.18,"width":"35.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":55,"change":"Addition","str":"(usually add st or est ) ","line":49,"x":397.99,"y":96.50380000000001,"width":"117.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"57 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"One syllable old older oldest ","line":2,"x":72.0238,"y":702.94,"width":"157.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"Two syllables quiet quieter quietest ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":677.86,"width":"194.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"Ending in y happy happier happiest ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":652.9,"width":"194.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"(awkward) ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":614.0200000000001,"width":"61.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"useful more/less useful most/least useful ","line":7,"x":165.74,"y":627.82,"width":"218.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"syllables ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":575.1404,"width":"53.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"advantageous more/less ","line":10,"x":165.74,"y":588.94,"width":"133.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"advantageous ","line":11,"x":271.85,"y":575.1404,"width":"81.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"most/least ","line":12,"x":397.99,"y":588.94,"width":"57.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"advantageous ","line":13,"x":397.99,"y":575.1404,"width":"78.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary‟s shoes are new . (Positive degree) ","line":15,"x":90.0238,"y":529.5101000000001,"width":"225.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah‟s shoes are newer than Mary‟s shoes. (Comparative degree) ","line":16,"x":90.02396000000002,"y":515.7101000000001,"width":"369.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred‟s shoes are the newest in the family. (Superlative degree) ","line":17,"x":90.02389000000005,"y":501.9101000000001,"width":"346.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":" The new copy machine is efficient . (Positive degree) ","line":19,"x":90.02395000000004,"y":474.3101000000001,"width":"292.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":" The new copy machine is more efficient than the last copy machine. ","line":20,"x":90.02413000000007,"y":460.5101000000001,"width":"377.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":" The new copy machine is the most efficient one on campus. (Superlative ","line":22,"x":90.02429000000008,"y":432.91010000000006,"width":"403.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"Some adjectives do not follow the rules when forming their comparative and supe rlative ","line":25,"x":72.02425000000007,"y":379.5101,"width":"466.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"degrees. These are called irregular adjectives. They play by their own rules. ","line":26,"x":72.02425000000005,"y":365.68980000000005,"width":"408.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"Adjective Comparative Superlative ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":332.09,"width":"202.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"bad worse worst ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":307.01,"width":"90.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"good better best ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":282.05,"width":"91.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"little less least ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":256.97,"width":"83.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"many more most ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":231.89,"width":"94.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"Comparative/Superlative Adverbs ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":182.18000000000004,"width":"234.99","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"Adverbs are used to modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. One-syllable a dverbs ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":155.78,"width":"464.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"form their comparative degree by adding -r or -er to the ending. One-syllable adverbs ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":142.0999,"width":"454.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"form their superlative degree by adding -st or -est to the ending. Most adverbs are ","line":38,"x":72.02362,"y":128.29989999999998,"width":"437.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":56,"change":"Addition","str":"adding more or most ( more cautiously ) or less or least ( less cautiously ). ","line":40,"x":72.02342000000004,"y":100.69989999999999,"width":"385.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"58 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Regular Adverbs ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"98.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":" Positive Comparative ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":689.14,"width":"124.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Add r or er for one-syllable ","line":4,"x":222.64980000000003,"y":675.4599,"width":"144.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"more/less. ","line":6,"x":222.64976000000001,"y":647.8598999999999,"width":"58.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Superlative ","line":7,"x":423.67,"y":689.14,"width":"67.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Add st or est to one-","line":8,"x":382.5102,"y":675.4599,"width":"108.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"neatly more/less neatly most/least neatly ","line":14,"x":158.18,"y":597.7,"width":"218.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"current dictionary if you are uncertain. ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":458.71,"width":"207.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Irregular Adverbs ","line":25,"x":72.02380000000002,"y":431.10999999999996,"width":"102.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Adverb Comparative Superlative ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":411.31,"width":"187.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"well better best ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":386.23,"width":"85.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"much more most ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":351.05,"width":"94.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"badly worse worst ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":325.97,"width":"100.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Commonly Confused Adjectives and Adverbs ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":247.2498,"width":"392.97","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"describe nouns and pronouns. Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":204.52989999999997,"width":"462.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Almost (adj. - nearly): Almost everyone is here today. ","line":38,"x":72.02381999999994,"y":176.89989999999995,"width":"292.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Most (adj. - greatest in amount): Most students are happy that midterms are over. ","line":39,"x":72.02401999999995,"y":163.09989999999993,"width":"436.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Farther (adverb - distance): How much farther are we driving? ","line":41,"x":72.02401999999995,"y":135.4998999999999,"width":"336.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Further (adverb - additionally): We should talk about this further. ","line":42,"x":72.02411999999998,"y":121.69989999999991,"width":"345.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"TIP : the word far is hidden in the word farther . Farther refers to distance. ","line":43,"x":72.02421999999996,"y":108.01979999999992,"width":"387.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":57,"change":"Addition","str":"Sure (adj. - certain): She is sure that she wants to go on vacation. ","line":45,"x":72.0238,"y":80.3039,"width":"352.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Surely (adverb - certainly): He will surely win the gold medal. ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"330.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Later (adverb - after a certain time): He will sign the contract later. ","line":4,"x":72.02426000000008,"y":681.3401,"width":"357.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Latter (adj. - the second of two things): Between the tea and the coffee, I choo se the ","line":5,"x":72.02436000000006,"y":667.5397,"width":"451.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Fewer (adj. - refers to countable items): Ten items or fewer are allowed in this checko ut ","line":8,"x":72.0246600000001,"y":626.1401000000001,"width":"467.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Less (adj. - refers to amounts or quantities): There is less water in Lake Washington ","line":10,"x":72.02476000000007,"y":598.5397000000002,"width":"450.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"than in the Pacific Ocean. ","line":11,"x":72.02476000000007,"y":584.7397000000002,"width":"139.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"TIP: use fewer with nouns you can count individually, and less with nouns you cannot ","line":12,"x":72.02476000000007,"y":570.9397000000002,"width":"460.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Real (adj. - actual, genuine) A real diamond is worth more than a fake diamond. ","line":15,"x":72.02466000000008,"y":529.5100000000002,"width":"429.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Really (adverb - actually, truly) He is really excited to go on vacation. ","line":16,"x":72.0248600000001,"y":515.7100000000003,"width":"372.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"Well (adv. satisfactorily): He did well on the exam. ","line":19,"x":72.02516000000014,"y":474.31000000000023,"width":"272.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"(adv. healthy): He feels well enough to go to school. ","line":20,"x":108.02146000000016,"y":460.5100000000002,"width":"281.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"with the words only, merely, first, almost , and last . The position of the adjective or ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":338.21029999999996,"width":"434.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"adverb can change the meaning of the sentence. ","line":28,"x":72.02395999999999,"y":324.28999999999996,"width":"266.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":" Only Mary can get the project done. (Mary is the only person that can get the ","line":30,"x":90.02395999999999,"y":296.68999999999994,"width":"420.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary can only get the project done. (Mary cannot do anything else. She can only ","line":32,"x":90.02391999999999,"y":269.0899999999999,"width":"440.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"close to the word it is modifying, the placement can affect the entire meaning of the ","line":36,"x":72.02387999999998,"y":213.8899999999999,"width":"443.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. ","line":37,"x":72.02387999999996,"y":200.0602999999999,"width":"58.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":" The boss noticed that only Fred took notes at the meeting. (Fred was the only ","line":39,"x":90.02387999999996,"y":172.4602999999999,"width":"425.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":" The boss noticed that Fred only took notes at the meeting. (Fred didn‟t ","line":41,"x":90.02393999999997,"y":144.86029999999988,"width":"387.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":58,"change":"Addition","str":" He hit almost every car in the parking lot. (He hit a majority of the cars in the ","line":44,"x":90.02386,"y":91.46419999999988,"width":"417.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"60 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":" He almost hit every car in the parking lot. (He came close to hitting a majority of ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"435.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"http://www.grammarbook.com/grammar/adjAdv.asp (Adjectives and Adverbs) ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":614.14,"width":"412.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/adjective.htm (Adjectives) ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":600.34,"width":"333.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 8 ","line":14,"x":272.5698,"y":482.4697999999999,"width":"69.84","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Prepositions ","line":15,"x":233.33,"y":456.79,"width":"148.37","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"your keys? They are on th e counter, in your purse, under the book, or between the ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":412.98969999999997,"width":"448.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"groceries . Prepositions can also show ownership, for example: the wines of France, the ","line":19,"x":72.02383000000003,"y":399.18969999999996,"width":"467.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"beaches of Hawaii, or the motorcycle belonging to Fred. Prepositions can show ","line":20,"x":72.02403000000004,"y":385.38969999999995,"width":"425.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"possession, location, direction, time, and figurative location. ","line":21,"x":72.02393000000006,"y":371.44989999999996,"width":"322.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Direction - toward, to, into, across, down, up ","line":23,"x":72.02393000000006,"y":341.56979999999993,"width":"252.48","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Location - at, above, behind, across, beside, under, between, among, by, near, ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":324.89,"width":"437.08","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"toward, in (Think of it as anywhere your keys could be hiding) ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":310.61,"width":"328.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Time - before, during, after, until, since ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":294.41,"width":"216.36","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"Figurative location - for, against, with ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":277.73,"width":"229.88","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"any modifiers. The object of the preposition is always a noun or pronoun. ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":193.22009999999997,"width":"392.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":" Please put your phone on the table . ( On is the preposition. The object of the ","line":34,"x":90.0238,"y":165.73999999999998,"width":"414.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":"preposition is table . The is a modifier.) ","line":35,"x":108.02,"y":151.94,"width":"205.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":" Dan found the book under the couch . ( Under is the preposition. The object of the ","line":36,"x":90.0239,"y":138.2603,"width":"440.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":59,"change":"Addition","str":" Christie went to class. ( To is the preposition. The object of the preposition is ","line":38,"x":90.02429999999998,"y":110.66,"width":"413.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"her, you, them, me, us). ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":639.94,"width":"136.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":" Let‟s keep the information between you and me. (Not I) Between is the ","line":8,"x":90.0238,"y":612.3404,"width":"387.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"preposition. The objects of the preposition are you and me . ","line":9,"x":108.02,"y":598.66,"width":"319.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":" Students like Nancy and him are rare. (Not he) Like is the preposition. The ","line":10,"x":90.02371999999997,"y":584.7397,"width":"406.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"objects of the preposition are Nancy and him . ","line":11,"x":108.02,"y":571.06,"width":"247.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave sat beside me at the concert. (Not I) Beside is the preposition. The object ","line":12,"x":90.02382,"y":557.1401,"width":"432.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"Would’ve, could’ve, should’ve ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":453.1897,"width":"209.97","height":"14.52","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"they are saying would of, could of, and should of . It might sound similar when spoken, ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":411.3103,"width":"460.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"but it looks different when it is written. The verb phrases are would have (or would’ve ), ","line":22,"x":72.02410000000003,"y":397.5103,"width":"459.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"could have ( or cou ld’ve) and should have ( or should’ve) . Would of is never correct. ","line":23,"x":72.02400000000011,"y":383.71029999999996,"width":"443.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":" Nancy should have brought her book to class. (Not should of ) ","line":25,"x":90.02412000000015,"y":356.09,"width":"341.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":" Steve could have won the race. (Not could of ) ","line":26,"x":90.02418000000011,"y":342.28999999999996,"width":"257.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":" He would have brought the doughnuts, but the shop was closed. (Not would of ) ","line":27,"x":90.0241400000001,"y":328.48999999999995,"width":"434.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"From, off, off of ","line":29,"x":72.02450000000016,"y":286.48999999999995,"width":"110.16","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"From and off are both prepositions, but they do not mean the same thing. They are not ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":272.21,"width":"462.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"interchangeable. Off is the opposite of on ; be sure that meaning works in your sentence. ","line":31,"x":72.02376,"y":258.40999999999997,"width":"471.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"Some people say “ off of ” instead of “ off .” This is considered informal. The extra ","line":32,"x":72.02391999999998,"y":244.60999999999996,"width":"420.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"documents, do not add “of” unless it is necessary for clarity. ","line":34,"x":72.02384,"y":216.88969999999995,"width":"322.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred borrowed the book from Sarah. (Not off ) In order to bo rrow a book “off” ","line":36,"x":90.02384,"y":189.37999999999994,"width":"415.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"Sarah, then the book would need to first be “on” Sarah. Is she wearing the b ook? ","line":37,"x":108.02,"y":175.46,"width":"431.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"Probably not. Does she own the book? Yes. Fred borrowed the book from Sarah . ","line":38,"x":108.01999999999998,"y":161.66,"width":"437.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":39,"x":72.02400000000006,"y":148.0998,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary jumped off the diving board. (Not off of ) The meaning is clear and concise ","line":40,"x":90.02400000000006,"y":134.17989999999998,"width":"432.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":60,"change":"Addition","str":"To and too ","line":43,"x":72.0239,"y":78.38380000000001,"width":"77.14","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"62 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"To and too are have different meanings and they are not interchangeable. The ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":709.08,"width":"418.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"preposition to means “moving toward.” The adverb too means “additionally, excessively, ","line":3,"x":72.02406000000005,"y":695.2601000000001,"width":"468.87","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","FOKXYD+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"or also.” ","line":4,"x":72.02429000000006,"y":681.3402000000001,"width":"46.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" They wanted to go to the movie . ","line":6,"x":90.02429000000006,"y":653.7398000000001,"width":"186.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" The movie was too long. ","line":8,"x":90.0238,"y":626.1401999999999,"width":"142.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Commonly Confused Prepositions ","line":14,"x":72.02395999999999,"y":498.1897999999998,"width":"298.13","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"use. ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":469.27,"width":"29.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Among/between ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":439.39029999999997,"width":"115.04","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Among is usually used to speak of three or more people or things. ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":424.99,"width":"359.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Between is usually used to speak of only two people or things. ","line":20,"x":72.02409999999998,"y":411.19,"width":"339.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" The border between California and Oregon is very mountainous. ","line":22,"x":90.02440000000001,"y":383.59,"width":"358.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" Please divide the pie evenly among the six children . ","line":23,"x":90.0238,"y":369.77,"width":"292.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Beside/besides ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":327.8897,"width":"108.65","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Beside means next to . ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":313.61,"width":"124.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Besides means in addition to . ","line":27,"x":72.02382000000001,"y":299.81,"width":"166.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":28,"x":72.02382000000003,"y":286.1299,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" The woman standing beside me in line ordered the last scone. ","line":29,"x":90.02382000000003,"y":272.0897,"width":"343.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" Besides the scone, she ordered two lattes and a muffin. ","line":30,"x":90.0238,"y":258.29,"width":"309.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Except/accept ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":216.4101,"width":"103.81","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Except and accept are different parts of speech. They might sound similar when ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":202.1,"width":"426.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"spoken, but they are different. ","line":34,"x":72.0237,"y":188.18009999999998,"width":"165.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Except is a preposition meaning “excluding” or “but.” ","line":35,"x":72.02369999999999,"y":174.38009999999997,"width":"286.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":"Accept is a verb meaning “consent to receive.” ","line":36,"x":72.02406000000002,"y":160.58009999999996,"width":"256.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":37,"x":72.02413000000001,"y":147.01989999999995,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" Everyone except Andrew was at school. ","line":38,"x":90.02413000000001,"y":132.98009999999994,"width":"229.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":61,"change":"Addition","str":" Ava will accept the award on his behalf. ","line":39,"x":90.0238,"y":119.18,"width":"226.83","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"63 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"In, into, in to ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":706.6600000000001,"width":"89.23","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"In shows a location or position ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":692.26,"width":"164.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Into has three meanings and all of them show action: ","line":4,"x":72.02390000000003,"y":678.46,"width":"302.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"1. Entering something ","line":5,"x":108.02006,"y":664.6600000000001,"width":"119.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" 2. Changing form ","line":6,"x":72.02406000000002,"y":650.8600000000001,"width":"98.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Making contact ","line":7,"x":108.02016000000002,"y":637.0600000000002,"width":"97.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"In to can happen when using the preposition in , followed by the word to . These words ","line":8,"x":72.02436000000003,"y":623.3799000000001,"width":"461.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"can show up next to each other in a sentence. ","line":9,"x":72.02471000000014,"y":609.4600000000002,"width":"251.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":10,"x":72.02471000000017,"y":595.8998000000001,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" The chocolate chip cookies were in the kitchen. (location) ","line":11,"x":90.02471000000017,"y":581.8600000000001,"width":"316.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" She walked into the kitchen to get a cookie. (entering something) ","line":12,"x":90.02487000000016,"y":568.0600000000002,"width":"357.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" She drove in to see Fred. (preposition in followed by the infinitive to see ) ","line":13,"x":90.02503000000016,"y":554.3799000000001,"width":"395.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" He bumped into Steve last week. (making contact) ","line":14,"x":90.0238,"y":540.46,"width":"280.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" The caterpillar turned into a butterfly. (changing form) ","line":15,"x":90.02376,"y":526.6299,"width":"296.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Like, as, as if, as though ","line":17,"x":72.02362,"y":484.7498,"width":"170.58","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Like can be used as a preposition to introduce a noun or a pronoun. Do not use it to ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":470.47,"width":"446.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"introduce a clause. If everything after the word like could form a complete sentence, ","line":19,"x":72.02390000000003,"y":456.67,"width":"447.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"then like is not being used correctly. Use as, as if, or as though to introduce clauses. ","line":20,"x":72.02390000000003,"y":442.87,"width":"460.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":21,"x":72.02399999999994,"y":429.1899,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary looks like a movie star. ( Like introduces the noun star .) ","line":22,"x":90.02399999999994,"y":415.27000000000004,"width":"330.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" He looks as though he needs a vacation. ( He needs a vacation is an independent ","line":23,"x":90.0238,"y":401.47,"width":"442.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" She looks as if she had a haircut. ( She had a haircut is an independent clause.) ","line":25,"x":90.0239,"y":373.86990000000003,"width":"431.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" As I said in my text message, I am going to Starbucks now. ( Not like . I said in my ","line":26,"x":90.0238,"y":360.05,"width":"439.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"text message is an independent clause.) ","line":27,"x":108.02,"y":346.25,"width":"218.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":28,"x":72.02389999999998,"y":332.5699,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":29,"x":72.02389999999998,"y":318.7699,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Necessary and Unnecessary Prepositions ","line":31,"x":72.02389999999998,"y":278.5699,"width":"360.98","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Necessary prepositions ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":247.2501,"width":"166.66","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. Be careful when two prepositions modify a single object in your sentence. ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":205.24999999999997,"width":"451.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" What did you step on earlier? ( On is necessary for clarity in this sentence.) ","line":38,"x":90.0238,"y":177.73989999999998,"width":"414.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred graduated from college. ( From is necessary for clarity.) ","line":39,"x":90.02385999999998,"y":164.06019999999998,"width":"332.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":" My interest in and commitment to your program remain high. ( In and to are both ","line":40,"x":90.02402000000001,"y":150.26019999999997,"width":"435.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":62,"change":"Addition","str":"Unnecessary prepositions ","line":44,"x":72.02377999999995,"y":89.78399999999996,"width":"184.40","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"64 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"your writing. If the preposition is not needed for clarity, then remove it from yo ur ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"423.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. ","line":5,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":667.5397000000002,"width":"58.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Where are you? (Not where are you at ?) ","line":7,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":640.0600000000002,"width":"226.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Both students performed well on the test. (Not both of the students ) ","line":8,"x":90.0238,"y":626.26,"width":"368.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary jumped off the diving board. (Not off of the diving board ) ","line":9,"x":90.0238,"y":612.46,"width":"338.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"passive and fussy.” http://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/do-you-","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":557.1398,"width":"434.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"overuse- of ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":543.34,"width":"59.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":63,"change":"Addition","str":"Other helpful links: ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":515.7102,"width":"102.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":66,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 9 ","line":13,"x":272.57006000000007,"y":444.31100000000004,"width":"69.84","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred received a text message while he was driving, but he did not look at his ","line":32,"x":90.02394000000005,"y":288.05009999999993,"width":"418.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary cooked dinner on Monday, but Fred cooked dinner the rest of the week. ","line":34,"x":90.02409999999999,"y":260.4500999999999,"width":"421.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence, do not use a comma after the conjunction. ","line":39,"x":72.02406,"y":191.41999999999987,"width":"302.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":" The school provided transportation to the event and scholarships to the students. ","line":41,"x":90.02406000000002,"y":163.81999999999988,"width":"441.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":"(No comma is needed because and joins the compound objects transportation ","line":42,"x":108.02,"y":150.14,"width":"417.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":"and scholarships . To determine if a sentence is a compound sentence, the words ","line":43,"x":108.02,"y":136.34,"width":"433.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":"after the conjunction must form a complete sentence. Scholarships to the ","line":44,"x":108.01999999999998,"y":122.54,"width":"390.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":"students is not a complete sentence.) ","line":45,"x":108.01999999999998,"y":108.74000000000001,"width":"202.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred rode to the concert and parked his motorcycle in an underground parking ","line":46,"x":90.02389999999997,"y":94.82400000000001,"width":"426.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":67,"change":"Addition","str":"garage. (No comma is needed because and joins the compound verbs rode and ","line":47,"x":108.02,"y":81.1441,"width":"427.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"69 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"parked . Parked his motorcycle in an underground parking garage is not a ","line":2,"x":108.02026000000005,"y":709.08,"width":"390.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence ","line":6,"x":72.02436000000002,"y":653.7398000000001,"width":"55.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"Conjunctive Adverbs ","line":8,"x":72.02436000000002,"y":608.6198,"width":"187.83","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"Conjunctive adverbs are another way to join independent clauses. Conjunctions have ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":587.5,"width":"455.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"conjunction team. When that happens, it is called a conjunctive adverb. A conjunctive ","line":11,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":559.9000000000001,"width":"455.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"transition from one thought to another thought and are sometimes referred to as ","line":13,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":532.2699000000001,"width":"426.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"transitional conjunctions. A conjunctive adverb requires a semicolon before it and a ","line":14,"x":72.02350000000007,"y":518.4699000000002,"width":"453.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"comma after it. One syllable conjunctive adverbs such as thus, then, and hence ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":504.67,"width":"460.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"do not require a comma after it . ","line":16,"x":72.024,"y":490.87,"width":"185.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"Common conjunctive adverbs include the following: ","line":19,"x":72.024,"y":437.46999999999997,"width":"300.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","KZBDSM+Times-Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"accordingly however nevertheless ","line":20,"x":72.024,"y":417.66999999999996,"width":"205.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"also in fact otherwise ","line":21,"x":72.024,"y":397.86999999999995,"width":"146.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"consequently in the meantime for example ","line":22,"x":72.024,"y":378.06999999999994,"width":"236.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"therefore indeed then ","line":23,"x":72.024,"y":358.2500999999999,"width":"130.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"hence furthermore moreover ","line":24,"x":72.024,"y":338.4500999999999,"width":"178.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"thus for instance likewise ","line":25,"x":72.024,"y":318.6500999999999,"width":"169.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary usually drinks coffee every morning ; however, today she drank tea. ","line":27,"x":90.024,"y":285.0500999999999,"width":"403.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":" The weather is hot today; thus we should go to the beach. (No comma needed ","line":28,"x":90.02395999999999,"y":271.25009999999986,"width":"429.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"after the conjunctive adverb because thus is only one syllable.) ","line":29,"x":108.01991999999998,"y":257.5699999999999,"width":"340.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred forgot his wallet at home ; consequently, he was unable to pay for the ","line":30,"x":90.02391999999998,"y":243.65009999999987,"width":"410.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"Parenthetical Adverbs ","line":33,"x":72.02357999999997,"y":184.70009999999985,"width":"192.95","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"attention to how it is being used in the sentence. However, therefore, indeed, in the ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":155.7799,"width":"443.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"meantime, and likewise also work as parenthetical adverbs. Parenthetical adverbs ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":141.9799,"width":"442.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"interrupt the flow of your sentence by appearing in the middle of a clause. Use comma s ","line":37,"x":72.02400000000003,"y":128.05999999999997,"width":"466.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":68,"change":"Addition","str":"to set parenthetical adverbs apart in your sentence. ","line":38,"x":72.02400000000006,"y":114.25999999999998,"width":"278.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"70 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":" We were , however, happy to pay for the meal. (The parenthetical adverb ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"398.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"interrupts the flow of the sentence and does not join two independent clauses. It ","line":3,"x":108.02012000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"426.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":" I , therefore, appreciate your not texting during class. (The parenthetical adverb ","line":5,"x":90.02402000000008,"y":667.5397000000002,"width":"431.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary and Fred , likewise, appreciate your not texting during the meal. (The ","line":7,"x":90.02394000000008,"y":639.9397000000002,"width":"406.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"parenthetical adverb interrupts the flow of the sentence. It does not join two ","line":8,"x":108.02020000000007,"y":626.1401000000002,"width":"401.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"must appear on both sides of the conjunctive adverb. Parenthetical adverbs appe a r ","line":14,"x":72.0241000000001,"y":543.3397000000003,"width":"444.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"within the same clause and interrupt the flow of the sentence. Parenthetical adverbs are ","line":15,"x":72.02408000000008,"y":529.5096000000003,"width":"468.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"not linking anything together; they are just interrupting the flow of the sentence . ","line":16,"x":72.02408000000003,"y":515.7096000000004,"width":"424.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"Subordinating Conjunctions ","line":18,"x":72.02449999999999,"y":470.58920000000035,"width":"245.10","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"Subordinating conjunctions join dependent and independent clauses. Dependent and ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":455.47,"width":"454.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"clauses. Dependent clauses begin with a subordinating conjunction such as after, ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":414.1899,"width":"435.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"because, although, since, unless, while, and until. A subordinating conjunction limits ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":400.3899,"width":"451.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"the clause it introduces and makes it dependent on an independent clause. ","line":24,"x":72.02409999999998,"y":386.47,"width":"404.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"If the sentence begi ns with a dependent clause, then a comma is required ","line":26,"x":72.02409999999998,"y":358.85,"width":"423.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"between the dependent clause and the independent clause. ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":345.05,"width":"345.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"no comma is required. If the terminal dependent clause provides nonessential ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":303.65,"width":"424.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"information or breaks the flow of the sentence, a comma should be used for clari ty. ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":289.84999999999997,"width":"444.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":" Although the coffeehouse was crowded, we received our drinks quickly. (The ","line":33,"x":90.02349999999996,"y":262.24999999999994,"width":"423.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"the sentence, and it is set apart from the independent clause with a comma.) ","line":35,"x":108.02,"y":234.64999999999998,"width":"409.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":" Because it was too crowded to sit inside the coffeehouse, we took our coffees to ","line":37,"x":90.02389999999998,"y":207.04999999999995,"width":"438.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"the park. (The subordinating conjunction introduces the dependent clause at the ","line":38,"x":108.02,"y":193.22,"width":"427.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":"beginning of the sentence, and it is set apart from the independent clause with a ","line":39,"x":108.02000000000004,"y":179.42,"width":"427.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":69,"change":"Addition","str":" We took our coffees to the park because it was too crowded to sit inside the ","line":42,"x":90.02389999999998,"y":138.01999999999995,"width":"415.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"71 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":" I am certain that I paid my cell phone bill, although I cannot find my receipt. (The ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"440.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"Parenthetical Clauses ","line":6,"x":72.0239,"y":636.2196,"width":"190.02","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"Parenthetical clauses interrupt the flow of the sentence with additional and nonesse ntial ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":621.1,"width":"468.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"information. These clauses are set apart from the rest of the sentence with commas. ","line":8,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":607.3000000000001,"width":"453.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":" The grammar class , until I hear otherwise, is the most beneficial class on ","line":10,"x":90.0238,"y":579.7,"width":"405.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":" Her shoes , that she bought on sale last week, were ruined in the rain. ","line":12,"x":90.02376000000002,"y":552.1000000000001,"width":"392.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":15,"x":72.02392000000005,"y":510.9101000000001,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"Relative Clauses ","line":18,"x":72.02392000000005,"y":456.7897000000001,"width":"145.94","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"Relative clauses are clauses introduced by the relative pronouns who, whom, whose, ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":441.79,"width":"454.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"which , and that. When relative pronouns introduce a dependent clause, they are ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":427.99,"width":"428.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"functioning as a conjunction. ","line":21,"x":72.02379999999998,"y":414.0701,"width":"157.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"Relative pronoun Refers to Used to introduce ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":380.95,"width":"261.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"who, whom, whose people essential and nonessential clauses ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":356.33,"width":"332.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"that animals and things essential clauses ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":331.85,"width":"220.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"which animals and things nonessential clauses ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":307.25,"width":"254.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"should separate this clause from the antecedent. ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":246.53019999999998,"width":"285.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":" A student who wants to earn a good grade must attend class regularly. (The ","line":32,"x":90.0238,"y":218.93019999999996,"width":"415.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":" A dog that is adopted from the shelter is happy to have a home. (The relative ","line":35,"x":90.0239,"y":177.4999,"width":"419.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":70,"change":"Addition","str":"the clause. ","line":41,"x":72.0239,"y":94.70389999999998,"width":"64.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"72 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":" The coffeehouse , which is right next to the school, serves very delicious coffee ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"430.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"and scones. (The relative pronoun refers to the coffeehouse, but it introduces ","line":3,"x":108.02,"y":695.14,"width":"412.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred , who lives in South Carolina, is an excellent cook. (The relative pronoun ","line":5,"x":90.02389999999998,"y":667.5396000000001,"width":"420.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Correlative Conjunctions ","line":9,"x":72.0239,"y":598.0603000000001,"width":"175.42","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"used in pairs. Both . . . and, not only . . . but, either . . . or, and neither . . . nor . ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":569.86,"width":"439.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"coordinating conjunctions. ","line":14,"x":72.024,"y":528.4299000000001,"width":"145.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":" I not only have the energy for the marathon, but time. (Not parallel) ","line":16,"x":90.024,"y":500.82990000000007,"width":"371.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":" I not only have the energy for the marathon, but I have the time too. (Parallel) ","line":17,"x":90.02418,"y":487.02990000000005,"width":"427.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":" Either Dave was flying to London or to Tucson. (Not parallel) ","line":19,"x":90.02436,"y":459.42990000000003,"width":"335.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave was flying either to London or to Tucson. (Parallel) ","line":20,"x":90.02452,"y":445.6299,"width":"313.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Punctuation Review ","line":23,"x":72.02465000000004,"y":386.7099,"width":"173.80","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Independent Clause, + FANBOYS + Independent Clause (A comma is used when a ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":357.7698,"width":"468.83","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"coordinating conjunction joins independent clauses.) ","line":26,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":343.96979999999996,"width":"281.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Independent Clause; + Conjunctive Adverb, + Independent Clause (A semicolon ","line":28,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":316.36979999999994,"width":"452.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"conjunctive adverbs with two or more syllables.) ","line":30,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":288.7697999999999,"width":"260.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Subordinating Conjunction + Dependent Clause, + Independent Clause (A comma ","line":32,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":261.1697999999999,"width":"465.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"is used after a dependent clause that is introduced by a subordinating conjunction.) ","line":33,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":247.36979999999988,"width":"443.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"Independent Clause + Subordinating Conjunction + Dependent Clause (No comma ","line":35,"x":72.02369999999996,"y":219.7697999999999,"width":"469.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":71,"change":"Addition","str":"is required with terminal dependent clauses.) ","line":36,"x":72.02369999999996,"y":205.96979999999988,"width":"241.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"73 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 10 ","line":14,"x":268.61016000000006,"y":401.35020000000003,"width":"81.11","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"Commas ","line":15,"x":255.28980000000007,"y":375.67010000000005,"width":"104.35","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"to use commas whenever they would naturally pause. This myth causes people t o ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":331.73019999999997,"width":"438.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"overuse commas and give them punctuation powers that they do not have. Co mmas ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":317.93019999999996,"width":"450.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"have rules too. ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":304.13019999999995,"width":"81.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"Series Comma ","line":22,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":271.01019999999994,"width":"128.05","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"A series is a list of three or more items. Commas separate three or more equally ranked ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":255.77,"width":"468.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"comma if only two items are listed. ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":214.37,"width":"189.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":" She enjoys running, swimming, and rock climbing. (Series of words. Notice that a ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":186.86,"width":"440.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":"comma precedes and ; this comma is called the serial comma.) ","line":29,"x":108.02,"y":173.18,"width":"335.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":" She enjoys running on the track, swimming in the pool, and rock climbing at the ","line":30,"x":90.0238,"y":148.22,"width":"431.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":72,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary is the owner, Fred is the manager, and Dan is the marketing assistant. ","line":32,"x":90.0238,"y":109.58,"width":"413.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"74 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":" She enjoys swimming and rock climbing. (Only two items listed. No comma ","line":2,"x":90.0238,"y":708.96,"width":"408.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"parallel construction . If two of the three items in a series have articles, then the third ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":656.5,"width":"457.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":" The new student is intelligent, can be depended on, and punctual. ( Not parallel ","line":8,"x":90.0238,"y":615.1,"width":"432.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"construction . Two of the items on the list are adjectives, but one item on the list ","line":9,"x":108.02,"y":601.3,"width":"430.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":" The new student is intelligent, dependable, and punctual. ( Parallel ","line":11,"x":90.0238,"y":573.7,"width":"363.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"construction . All items on the list are adjectives.) ","line":12,"x":108.02,"y":559.9,"width":"267.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":" He asked for a hat, a Lego set, and for a gift card. ( Not parallel construction . ","line":14,"x":90.0238,"y":532.27,"width":"426.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":" He asked for a hat, a Lego set, and a gift card. ( Parallel construction .) ","line":18,"x":90.0238,"y":477.07,"width":"390.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":" He asked for a hat, for a Lego set, and for a gift card. ( Parallel construction , but ","line":19,"x":90.0238,"y":463.27,"width":"441.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"do not omit the final comma. ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":346.97,"width":"157.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"Direct Address ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":268.25,"width":"134.37","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"A comma is needed when a person is being spoken to directly. The name of the p erson ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":253.01,"width":"466.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"commas. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":211.61,"width":"55.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah , do you have the realtor‟s phone number? (At the beginning of the ","line":36,"x":90.0238,"y":186.74,"width":"396.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence) ","line":37,"x":108.02,"y":173.06,"width":"56.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":" Are you, the future leaders of America , ready to take the next step? (In the ","line":38,"x":90.0238,"y":148.22,"width":"416.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":"middle of the sentence) ","line":39,"x":108.02,"y":134.42,"width":"127.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":73,"change":"Addition","str":" Let‟s eat , grandma ! (At the end of the sentence) ","line":40,"x":90.0238,"y":109.58,"width":"268.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"75 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"the sentence. ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":695.14,"width":"78.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":5,"x":72.024,"y":475.75,"width":"6.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Adjectives ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":423.55,"width":"92.93","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"When two or more adjectives are independently describing the same noun, separate t he ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":408.31,"width":"470.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"To test whether the adjectives need a comma separating them, run the senten ce ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":380.71,"width":"430.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"through the following test. ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":366.8897,"width":"143.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":" 1. Mentally add the word and between the adjectives. If the sentence still makes ","line":13,"x":90.0238,"y":339.41,"width":"434.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":" 2. Mentally reverse the order of the adjectives. Does the sentence still make ","line":15,"x":90.02375999999997,"y":311.6897,"width":"413.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"If the sentence still makes sense, then the adjectives are working independently and a ","line":18,"x":72.02371999999997,"y":270.2897,"width":"460.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"comma is needed between them. ","line":19,"x":72.02372000000003,"y":256.48969999999997,"width":"183.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":" Jennifer Lawrence is a talented, beautiful actress. (Jennifer Lawrence is a ","line":21,"x":90.0238,"y":228.89,"width":"409.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":" The fluffy, yellow cat sat in the sun. (The yellow and fluffy cat sat in the sun.) ","line":23,"x":90.0238,"y":201.26,"width":"422.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"Independent Clauses ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":128.54,"width":"188.89","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"When two independent clauses are joined together with a coordinating conjunction, a ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":113.42,"width":"453.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":74,"change":"Addition","str":"comma is needed before the conjunction. ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":99.6238,"width":"225.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"76 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred and Mary walked their dog to the park, but they left when it started to rain. ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"431.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":" The rain finally stopped, and the children went to the park to play. ","line":3,"x":90.02432000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"362.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Introductory Dependent Clauses ","line":6,"x":72.02458000000004,"y":629.3799,"width":"289.24","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Dependent clauses that begin sentences are set apart from the independent clau se with ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":614.14,"width":"469.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"9). Although, while, if, because, and when are all subordinating conjunctions. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":586.6599,"width":"412.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":" Because it is raining today, I will need to wear my raincoat. (Introductory ","line":11,"x":90.02370000000008,"y":558.9395999999999,"width":"392.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":" Although the forecast shows sunshine, it is currently raining. (Introductory ","line":13,"x":90.02366000000008,"y":531.3098999999999,"width":"399.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":" If you go out in the rain, be sure to wear a coat. (Introductory dependent clause ","line":15,"x":90.02362000000008,"y":503.7102999999998,"width":"429.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Terminal Dependent Clauses ","line":20,"x":72.02358000000008,"y":415.3906999999998,"width":"254.96","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Wh en a dependent clause appears at the end of the sentence, a comma is usuall y not ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":400.27,"width":"460.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"necessary. If the dependent clause answers the question when?, why?, or how? , then ","line":22,"x":72.024,"y":386.5899,"width":"458.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"the clause is essential and does not require a comma. If the dependent clause a dds ","line":23,"x":72.02399999999994,"y":372.67,"width":"447.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"necessary to separate these afterthoughts with a comma. ","line":25,"x":72.02399999999994,"y":345.0501,"width":"310.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":" Please email me if you have any questions. (The dependent clause at the end of ","line":27,"x":90.02399999999994,"y":317.45009999999996,"width":"438.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary went to the store because she needed to buy milk. (The dependent clause ","line":29,"x":90.02387999999995,"y":289.85009999999994,"width":"436.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":" I intend to grade the writing assignments on Saturday, although I can grade ","line":32,"x":90.02393999999994,"y":248.4500999999999,"width":"414.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Parenthetical Expressions ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":161.9,"width":"233.11","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"Parenthetical words, phrases, and clauses interrupt the flow of the sentence an d offer ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":146.66,"width":"456.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"from the sentence, and the sentence still makes sense. Commas are required to ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":119.06,"width":"428.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":"separate parenthetical elements from the rest of the sentence. ","line":41,"x":72.0238,"y":105.26,"width":"336.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":75,"change":"Addition","str":" No , I will not be attending the conference. (At the beginning of the sentence) ","line":42,"x":90.0238,"y":80.4238,"width":"415.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"77 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" We know , for example , that the book is overpriced. (In the middle of the ","line":2,"x":90.0238,"y":708.96,"width":"394.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence) ","line":3,"x":108.02,"y":695.14,"width":"56.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" You have checked your writing assignment for accuracy, no doubt . (At the end ","line":4,"x":90.0238,"y":670.3,"width":"430.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"of the sentence) ","line":5,"x":108.02,"y":656.5,"width":"89.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" Marathon training , you must admit , requires a lot of time and stamina. (Commas ","line":6,"x":90.024,"y":642.7,"width":"442.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" The sweatshirt , which happened to be bright yellow , sat on the sale rack for ","line":8,"x":90.02417999999999,"y":615.1000000000001,"width":"426.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"DO NOT use commas to set off clauses that contain essential information . If the ","line":11,"x":72.02403999999991,"y":573.7000000000002,"width":"456.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"clause contains information that is needed to complete the meaning of the sen tence, ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":559.9,"width":"450.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"then no commas are needed. This information is also covered in Chapter 9. ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":546.1,"width":"402.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" A student who wants to succeed in this class should turn in their assignments ","line":15,"x":90.0238,"y":518.47,"width":"436.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" A coffeehouse that offers delicious beverages will succeed in my ","line":18,"x":90.02376,"y":477.07,"width":"367.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"Appositives rename nouns or pronouns. Usually an appositive appears right next to the ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":401.23,"width":"464.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"should be set off by commas. ","line":25,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":373.63,"width":"159.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" Sam Jones, the union representative , is here. (The appositive adds ","line":26,"x":90.0238,"y":348.77,"width":"377.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"nonessential information; commas set it off.) ","line":27,"x":108.02,"y":334.97,"width":"237.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" You may pick up your order at the location closest to your home, our Lynnwood ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":310.25,"width":"438.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"branch . (The appositive adds nonessential information.) ","line":29,"x":108.02,"y":296.57,"width":"302.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"When an appositive is needed to identify the noun or pronoun referred to earl ier in the ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":271.61,"width":"458.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence, do not set it off with commas. ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":257.81,"width":"213.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" The book Fast Food Nation explains how fast food affects our nation. (The ","line":32,"x":90.0238,"y":232.97,"width":"411.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"used.) ","line":34,"x":108.02,"y":205.37,"width":"36.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"Closely related one-word appositives do not require commas. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":180.62,"width":"328.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":" My brother Dan sometimes uses my computer. ","line":36,"x":90.0238,"y":155.78,"width":"259.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":76,"change":"Addition","str":"Commas and the Adverb too ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":90.984,"width":"251.30","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"78 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"The adverb too requires different punctuation depending on its meaning in the ","line":2,"x":72.0238,"y":709.08,"width":"416.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. If the sentence uses the word too to mean “also,” it is set apart with commas. ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":695.26,"width":"466.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"If the adverb appears at the end of a clause, you do not need to separate it w ith a ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":681.34,"width":"434.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"comma. If the adverb appears in the middle of a clause, set it apart with commas o n ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":667.54,"width":"448.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"both sides. ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":653.74,"width":"61.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Too has an additional meaning. If too is used to mean “excessively,” do not set it apart ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":626.26,"width":"460.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"with commas. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":612.34,"width":"76.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":" Many students will be at the event too . (End of the sentence.) ","line":11,"x":90.0238,"y":584.74,"width":"338.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":" You, too , can make an entrance at the event. (In the middle of the sentence, se t ","line":12,"x":90.0238,"y":570.94,"width":"435.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":" That joke was too funny. (Too means excessively in this sentence. No commas ","line":14,"x":90.0238,"y":543.34,"width":"431.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Commas and Introductory Phrases ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":421.99,"width":"302.00","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Introductory Verbal Phrases ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":387.91,"width":"201.29","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"that your introductory phrase is modifying the intended subject. ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":345.89,"width":"339.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":" Running the marathon , Mary listened to music with a strong beat. (Introductory ","line":26,"x":90.0238,"y":318.29,"width":"436.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":" Working long hours , we finished the project early. (Introductory verb phrase ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":290.69,"width":"419.83","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"Introductory Prepositional Phrases ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":235.01,"width":"248.82","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":"with four words or more should be followed by a comma. ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":206.81,"width":"302.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":" In March we expect the sun to shine. (No comma is needed. Introductory ","line":35,"x":90.0238,"y":179.18,"width":"399.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":77,"change":"Addition","str":" By the middle of March , the sun will shine more often in Seattle. (Introductory ","line":37,"x":90.0238,"y":151.58,"width":"428.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"79 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Locations ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":682.78,"width":"88.07","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Dates ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":651.46,"width":"46.43","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Dates can be comprised of a number of different parts, such as weekday, calend ar day, ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":637.06,"width":"467.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"and year. When writing dates with more than two parts, commas are used to separate ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":623.26,"width":"458.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"the different elements in the sentence to provide clarity. The month and date are never ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":609.46,"width":"462.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"separated with commas. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":595.66,"width":"136.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":" On March 4 we will celebrate a special holiday. (Only two parts. No comma ","line":11,"x":90.0238,"y":568.06,"width":"408.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"needed.) ","line":12,"x":108.02,"y":554.26,"width":"50.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":" On March 4, 2014, we will celebrate a special holiday. (Two commas set off the ","line":13,"x":90.0238,"y":529.39,"width":"431.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"third part.) ","line":14,"x":108.02,"y":515.71,"width":"58.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":" On Tuesday, March 4, 2014, we will finish the chapter. (Month and date are ","line":15,"x":90.0238,"y":490.87,"width":"410.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"never separated with commas. Commas separate other parts in this list.) ","line":16,"x":108.02,"y":477.07,"width":"388.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":" In March 2012 investors saw the stock price increase substantially. (Only two ","line":17,"x":90.0238,"y":452.23,"width":"419.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"parts. No comma needed.) ","line":18,"x":108.02,"y":438.43,"width":"145.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Time Zones ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":411.43,"width":"86.99","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"When writing a sentence that contains a time zone, commas separate the time zo ne ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":397.03,"width":"448.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"from the rest of the sentence. Note that commas are used on both sides of the t ime ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":383.23,"width":"444.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"zone. ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":369.41,"width":"35.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":" Our flight leaves Seattle at 8:55 a.m., PST, and arrives in New York at 5:05 p.m., ","line":23,"x":90.0238,"y":344.57,"width":"438.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"EST. ","line":24,"x":108.02,"y":330.77,"width":"30.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":" Dan ordered the flowers at 11:58 p.m., PST, and the coupon expired at midnight. ","line":25,"x":90.0238,"y":305.93,"width":"439.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"Addresses ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":265.13,"width":"81.09","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"commas. Do not place a comma between the state and the zip code. ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":236.93,"width":"368.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":" Please send a copy of your passport to Epic Adventures, 14567 NE Aardvark ","line":30,"x":90.0238,"y":212.09,"width":"419.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":"elements except the state and zip code, which are considered a single unit.) ","line":32,"x":108.02,"y":184.46,"width":"406.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":78,"change":"Addition","str":" Edmonds Community College is located at 20000 68th Ave nue West, Lynnwood, ","line":33,"x":90.0238,"y":159.62,"width":"439.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"80 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Geographic Locations ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":706.6600000000001,"width":"156.11","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"When referring to a location with both the city and the state, separate the city from the ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":692.26,"width":"457.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"state with commas. Commas are used on both sides of the state name unless the state ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":678.46,"width":"465.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"appears at the end of the sentence. Commas are also used to set off the na me of a ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":664.66,"width":"444.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"country when it follows the name of a city. ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":650.86,"width":"228.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Think about how you write these locations as an address on an envelope. You would ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":623.26,"width":"453.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"separate the city, state, and country with commas. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":609.46,"width":"273.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":" The Jones family moved from Portland, Oregon, to Billings, Montana. (Two ","line":10,"x":90.0238,"y":584.62,"width":"407.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"commas set off the state unless it appears at the end of the sentence.) ","line":11,"x":108.02,"y":570.82,"width":"377.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":" The 12-hour flight from London, England, to Seattle, Washington, was fille d with ","line":12,"x":90.0238,"y":546.1,"width":"434.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"of the sentence.) ","line":14,"x":108.02,"y":518.47,"width":"92.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Contrasting Statements ","line":17,"x":72.02399999999999,"y":453.67,"width":"209.23","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"statements are often introduced by the words not, never, but, and yet . Not all ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":424.63,"width":"417.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"contrasting statements, separate the contrasting statements with commas. ","line":21,"x":72.02390000000003,"y":397.03,"width":"401.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":" We chose to travel to London, not Paris, at the beginning of our honeymoon. ","line":23,"x":90.02390000000003,"y":369.40999999999997,"width":"415.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":" The more she complains, the more we ignore her. (One comma sets off a ","line":25,"x":90.02386000000003,"y":341.80999999999995,"width":"400.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Clarity ","line":28,"x":72.02382000000003,"y":282.8895999999999,"width":"59.07","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"words that are repeated for emphasis. In addition, commas can be used betwee n words ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":253.96999999999997,"width":"468.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"if it helps avoid confusion in the sentence. ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":240.16999999999996,"width":"228.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":" No matter what, they know they have our support. (Comma needed for clarity.) ","line":33,"x":90.02380000000002,"y":212.56999999999996,"width":"427.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":" Most of the time, travelers bring a book or magazine to read. (Comma needed for ","line":34,"x":90.02376000000002,"y":198.73989999999998,"width":"441.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":" They waited a very, very long time for a table at the restaurant. (Comma added ","line":36,"x":90.02372000000003,"y":171.13989999999995,"width":"429.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":79,"change":"Addition","str":"Short Quotations ","line":39,"x":72.02368000000008,"y":112.21989999999995,"width":"155.01","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"81 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"A comma is used before the quotation mark to set off a short quotation from the rest of ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"461.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"of the quotation. ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"89.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" The instructor said, “The writing assignment is due on Friday.” ","line":6,"x":90.02416000000004,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"339.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" “Discipline,” said Abraham Lincoln, “is choosing between what you want now and ","line":7,"x":90.02422000000007,"y":639.9397000000001,"width":"440.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"what you want most.” ","line":8,"x":108.02028000000007,"y":626.1397000000002,"width":"116.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"Degrees, Abbreviations, and Numbers ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":567.22,"width":"328.94","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"Degrees and Abbreviations ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":535.9896,"width":"198.76","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"abbreviations Jr., Sr., and Roman numerals added to a person‟s name are not ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":507.7896,"width":"417.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"separated with commas. ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":493.9896,"width":"136.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" David Johnson, PhD, will speak about the importance of grammar. ","line":18,"x":90.0238,"y":466.39,"width":"362.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary Elizabeth, MD, is currently accepting new patients. ","line":19,"x":90.02376,"y":452.58959999999996,"width":"308.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred Jones Sr. is the father of Fred Jones Jr. ","line":20,"x":90.02372,"y":438.78959999999995,"width":"248.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"Company Abbreviations ","line":23,"x":72.02368,"y":380.22979999999995,"width":"173.10","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"Some companies have the abbreviations Inc. and Ltd. in their company name. Inc. and ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":365.81,"width":"463.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"Ltd. are not set off with commas unless the company‟s legal name i ncludes the ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":352.01,"width":"421.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"commas. (This is not common.) ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":338.21,"width":"173.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" Pixar Inc. creates animated movies and short films. (no comma needed) ","line":28,"x":90.0238,"y":310.60999999999996,"width":"393.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" Apple Inc. invented the iPhone. (no comma needed) ","line":29,"x":90.02376,"y":296.80999999999995,"width":"287.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"Numbers ","line":32,"x":72.02372,"y":250.2497999999999,"width":"69.27","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":"commas. ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":194.41989999999998,"width":"51.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" By 2015, 950 levels of Candy Crush will be available. (Two figures appearing ","line":38,"x":90.0238,"y":166.8199,"width":"418.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" There were 1,780 people at the mall today. (Comma separates a number larger ","line":40,"x":90.02376,"y":139.21989999999997,"width":"431.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":80,"change":"Addition","str":" Their zip code is 98052. (No internal comma needed in a zip code) ","line":42,"x":90.02372,"y":111.61989999999997,"width":"364.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"82 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"Quick List of Comma Rules ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":668.9801,"width":"236.91","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"1. Use a comma to separate three or more items in a series. ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":653.74,"width":"345.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" She likes apples, pears, bananas, and peaches. ","line":6,"x":90.0238,"y":639.94,"width":"269.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"independent clauses . ","line":9,"x":72.02376,"y":598.5400000000001,"width":"128.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred likes to go out for dinner, but he also enjoys cooking dinner at home. ","line":10,"x":90.02383999999999,"y":584.7400000000001,"width":"405.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"independent clause. ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":543.3404000000002,"width":"121.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" Although it began to rain, we went for a walk around the neighborhood. ","line":14,"x":90.02363999999999,"y":529.5103000000001,"width":"390.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence still makes sense, then a comma is needed between the adjectives. ","line":18,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":474.3103000000001,"width":"416.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" She is an intelligent, capable student. (She is a capable and intelligent student. ) ","line":19,"x":90.02359999999999,"y":460.5103000000001,"width":"433.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"4. Use commas to set apart nonessential parenthetical elements in a sentence. It ","line":21,"x":72.02265999999997,"y":432.91030000000006,"width":"461.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"is considered nonessential if it can be removed and the sentence still makes sense. ","line":22,"x":72.02266000000003,"y":419.11030000000005,"width":"448.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred is, without a doubt, the best cook in the family. ","line":23,"x":90.02266000000009,"y":405.31030000000004,"width":"287.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"and titles in names. ","line":26,"x":72.02262000000009,"y":363.89000000000004,"width":"117.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" Nancy Johnson, MD, moved to Paris, France, on July 15, 2013, to complete her ","line":27,"x":90.02262000000009,"y":350.09000000000003,"width":"433.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"6. Use commas to separate a short quotation from the rest of the sentence. ","line":30,"x":72.02258000000009,"y":308.69,"width":"433.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary asked, “Who wants to go to Hawaii in December?” “I do,” said Sarah. ","line":31,"x":90.02242000000018,"y":294.89,"width":"406.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"7. Use commas when necessary to prevent confusion. ","line":33,"x":72.0224800000002,"y":267.28999999999996,"width":"315.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" To Nancy, Kennedy was the most charismatic president. ","line":34,"x":90.0224800000002,"y":253.48999999999995,"width":"316.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"8. Use commas when directly addressing someone. ","line":36,"x":72.0224400000002,"y":225.88999999999996,"width":"300.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" Let‟s eat, Grandma! ","line":37,"x":90.02244000000019,"y":212.08999999999995,"width":"116.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"now. ","line":40,"x":72.02250000000018,"y":170.65999999999994,"width":"33.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" Yes, I will be at the conference in Las Vegas. ","line":41,"x":90.02250000000019,"y":156.85999999999993,"width":"250.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"10. Use a comma to show contrasting statements. ","line":43,"x":72.0224600000002,"y":129.25999999999993,"width":"291.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":" These are my shoes, not yours. ","line":44,"x":90.0224600000002,"y":115.45999999999994,"width":"182.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":81,"change":"Addition","str":"11. Use a comma when unrelated numbers appear side by side in a sentence. ","line":46,"x":72.0224200000002,"y":87.86389999999994,"width":"446.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":"83 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":" By September 2014, 13 new cafes will be opening on campus. ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"345.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 11 ","line":16,"x":268.61012000000005,"y":362.0898000000001,"width":"81.95","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":"Punctuation ","line":18,"x":236.69,"y":308.81,"width":"141.62","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":"Semicolons ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":240.41000000000003,"width":"104.05","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":"Many people were not taught how to properly use the semicolons, so they ap proach ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":213.29,"width":"448.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":"comma. Use them in the following instances. ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":171.86029999999997,"width":"240.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":"Semicolons are used to connect two independent clauses. Using a semicolon ","line":27,"x":72.02380000000002,"y":144.26029999999997,"width":"437.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":"closely related, then a semicolon is not the right choice. ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":116.66029999999996,"width":"300.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":82,"change":"Addition","str":" Winter quarter is almost finished; finals take place in two weeks. (Correct! These ","line":31,"x":90.0238,"y":89.06419999999997,"width":"436.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"84 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":" Summer quarter begins in July; I like coffee. (Incorrect! These two independent ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"432.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"Independent clauses can work as their own sentence. If the clause cannot function as ","line":5,"x":72.02412000000005,"y":667.5397,"width":"457.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"an independent sentence, then the semicolon is not the right choice. In addition, never ","line":6,"x":72.02412000000004,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"462.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"conjunctions do not go together. You can think of them as oil and water; they do n ot ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":626.1404,"width":"446.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"mix. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":612.3404,"width":"28.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":" The coffee shop closes at 9 p.m.; we need to hurry to get there in time. (Correct! ","line":11,"x":90.0238,"y":584.74,"width":"435.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":" The coffee shop closes at 9 p.m.; for lattes and scones. (Incorrect! The second ","line":13,"x":90.02376,"y":557.1407999999999,"width":"428.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":" The coffee is better at the downtown location; but we can go to the Bellevue ","line":15,"x":90.02372,"y":529.5110999999998,"width":"412.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"conjunctive adverb. Conjunctive adverbs provide a transition between one clause and ","line":20,"x":72.02367999999997,"y":448.51149999999984,"width":"465.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"following: accordingly, consequently, for example, furthermore, however, likewise, ","line":23,"x":72.02367999999997,"y":407.23139999999984,"width":"436.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, and therefore . Shorter conjunctive adverbs like ","line":24,"x":72.02367999999997,"y":393.4313999999998,"width":"441.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"then, thus, and hence do not require the additional comma. ","line":25,"x":72.02357999999992,"y":379.6313999999998,"width":"319.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred worked on his writing assignment for two days; consequently, he received a ","line":27,"x":90.0236799999999,"y":351.8911999999998,"width":"439.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":" She did not attend class for two weeks; consequently, she missed a lot of ","line":29,"x":90.0236399999999,"y":324.2911999999998,"width":"399.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary updated her Facebook status before the movie started; hence she had ","line":31,"x":90.0235999999999,"y":296.69119999999975,"width":"414.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"many notifications when she turned her phone back on. (No comma needed afte r ","line":32,"x":108.0196599999999,"y":282.89119999999974,"width":"433.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"hence .) ","line":33,"x":108.01965999999993,"y":269.2114999999997,"width":"43.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"commas. Usually you only use commas to separate items in a series, but when the ","line":36,"x":72.02365999999992,"y":215.6911999999997,"width":"446.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":"items already contain commas, semicolons are added for clarity. ","line":37,"x":72.02365999999992,"y":201.8614999999997,"width":"347.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":" We traveled to Paris, France; Berlin, Germany; and Madrid, Spain. (Semicolons ","line":39,"x":90.0236599999999,"y":174.26149999999967,"width":"432.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":83,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary has lived in Billings, Montana; Portland, Oregon; Orlando, Florida; and New ","line":41,"x":90.0236199999999,"y":146.66149999999965,"width":"440.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"85 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"in a series. These sentences can be long and wordy. If the sentence becomes too ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"441.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"cumbersome, it is time to rewrite it. ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000004,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"191.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":" The first coffeehouse offered delicious coffee and scones; the second ","line":6,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"379.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"coffeehouse offered only coffee; and the third coffeehouse offered c offee, ","line":7,"x":108.02022000000005,"y":639.9397000000001,"width":"392.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"Colons ","line":11,"x":72.02412000000005,"y":567.2197000000001,"width":"64.07","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"The colon is used to introduce lists, quotations, and explanations. Colons alert the ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":552.1,"width":"467.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"explain, or clarify the information that appeared before the colon. Colons are only u sed ","line":14,"x":72.024,"y":524.4699,"width":"462.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"fragment. ","line":16,"x":72.024,"y":496.86990000000003,"width":"57.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"items . All of the words to the left of a colon must form an independent clause. If it doe s ","line":19,"x":72.024,"y":455.4699,"width":"464.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"not form an independent clause, then do not use a colon. A list can be introduced by ","line":20,"x":72.02429999999998,"y":441.6699,"width":"453.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"such words as the following, as follows, these, or thus . A list can be written vertically or ","line":21,"x":72.02429999999998,"y":427.9898,"width":"463.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"horizontally. Do not let the formatting confuse you. The rules still apply to colons e ven ","line":22,"x":72.02429999999993,"y":414.0699,"width":"456.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"when the sentence is written as a vertical list. ","line":23,"x":72.02429999999993,"y":400.2699,"width":"246.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"of each item on the list. ","line":27,"x":72.0242999999999,"y":345.04999999999995,"width":"129.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred‟s favorite cities to visit are the following: New York, San Diego, and New ","line":29,"x":90.02429999999991,"y":317.44999999999993,"width":"420.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"Orleans. (Do not place the colon after “are” because it is a verb. You can usually ","line":30,"x":108.02035999999991,"y":303.6499999999999,"width":"432.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"add “the following” to make the phrase an independent clause.) ","line":31,"x":108.02035999999993,"y":289.8499999999999,"width":"338.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":" She had only one request that morning: coffee. (Colon introduces the one item ","line":33,"x":90.02435999999994,"y":262.2499999999999,"width":"426.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":" During November and December, Starbucks offers the following coffee ","line":36,"x":90.02431999999995,"y":220.84999999999985,"width":"386.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"o Pumpkin Spice Lattes ","line":38,"x":126.02037999999995,"y":193.21989999999985,"width":"128.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["ZARKAG+CourierNew","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"o Peppermint Lattes ","line":39,"x":126.02037999999993,"y":179.41989999999984,"width":"109.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["ZARKAG+CourierNew","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"o Peppermint Mochas ","line":40,"x":126.02037999999993,"y":165.61989999999983,"width":"118.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["ZARKAG+CourierNew","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary‟s favorite cities are ","line":42,"x":90.02427999999993,"y":138.01989999999984,"width":"140.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"o Paris ","line":43,"x":126.0203399999999,"y":124.21989999999984,"width":"39.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["ZARKAG+CourierNew","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"o London ","line":44,"x":126.02033999999992,"y":110.41989999999984,"width":"52.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["ZARKAG+CourierNew","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":84,"change":"Addition","str":"o Prague ","line":45,"x":126.02033999999992,"y":96.62379999999985,"width":"50.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["ZARKAG+CourierNew","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"86 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"independent clause before the colon.) ","line":3,"x":108.02026000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"203.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":4,"x":72.02426000000003,"y":681.5799000000001,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"than one sentence. The entire quotation needs to be inside the quotation marks, ","line":7,"x":72.02426000000003,"y":639.9397000000001,"width":"434.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"including the sentence punctuation. ","line":8,"x":72.02426000000004,"y":626.1401000000001,"width":"194.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" Maria Robinson said: “Nobody can go back and start a new beginning, but ","line":10,"x":90.02426000000003,"y":598.5397,"width":"404.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"anyone can start today and make a new ending.” ( Long one-sentence quotation ","line":11,"x":108.02032000000003,"y":584.7397000000001,"width":"425.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Long quotations that fill more than three lines should be moved to a separate p aragraph ","line":14,"x":72.02422000000003,"y":543.3401000000001,"width":"468.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"without quotation marks. The paragraph should be indented on the right and the le ft, ","line":15,"x":72.02422000000001,"y":529.5100000000001,"width":"449.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"and the quotation should be separated from the rest of the text with a b lank line before ","line":16,"x":72.02422000000001,"y":515.7100000000002,"width":"460.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"and after the paragraph. Indentation and blank lines separate the quotation from th e ","line":17,"x":72.02422000000001,"y":501.91000000000014,"width":"448.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":19,"x":72.02422000000001,"y":474.3100000000001,"width":"6.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" -- Steve Jobs ","line":25,"x":144.02,"y":391.51,"width":"94.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"supplements the first clause. If the information after the colon does not explain or ","line":28,"x":72.024,"y":338.08959999999996,"width":"445.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"illustrate the first clause, then a semicolon is a better punctuation choice. ","line":29,"x":72.024,"y":324.28959999999995,"width":"388.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" The team faced a huge problem: their uniforms did not arrive in time for t he ","line":31,"x":90.024,"y":296.6895999999999,"width":"408.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"“huge problem” is.) ","line":33,"x":108.02006,"y":269.0895999999999,"width":"104.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Colons are used after the salutation of a business letter. ","line":35,"x":72.02405999999999,"y":229.4895999999999,"width":"326.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" Dear Mr. Smith: ","line":37,"x":90.02405999999996,"y":201.85989999999993,"width":"161.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" Dear Dr. Mary Jones: ","line":38,"x":90.02401999999996,"y":188.0598999999999,"width":"124.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" To Whom it May Concern: ","line":39,"x":90.02397999999997,"y":174.2598999999999,"width":"150.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":"Colons are used to separate hours and minutes. ","line":41,"x":72.02393999999997,"y":134.6594999999999,"width":"280.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" 10:59 p.m. ","line":43,"x":90.02393999999998,"y":107.0594999999999,"width":"67.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":85,"change":"Addition","str":" 6:30 a.m. ","line":44,"x":90.02389999999998,"y":93.2633999999999,"width":"60.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"87 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"publications. ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"80.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can‟t Stop Talking (book title) ","line":5,"x":90.02416000000004,"y":667.5397,"width":"416.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" Woe is I: The Grammarphobe‟s Guide to Better English in Plain English (book ","line":6,"x":90.02422000000007,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"422.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"Periods are most commonly used to end a sentence, but periods have other uses too. ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":579.7,"width":"458.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"Do not double space after periods unless you are typing on a typewriter. Modern ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":565.9000000000001,"width":"460.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"word processing adds the appropriate space after a period. If you double space y our ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":552.1,"width":"450.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"document, you will end up with a lot of white space in your text. ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":538.2699,"width":"342.96","height":"18.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"indirect question. This is the most familiar way to use a period. Indirect questions can ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":498.66990000000004,"width":"463.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"be challenging because the sentence might sound like a question. The sentence may ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":484.86990000000003,"width":"455.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"even contain the word question. If the statement contains the word wonder or question , ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":471.18980000000005,"width":"464.87","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" The campus cafe was closed yesterday. (statement) ","line":21,"x":90.02409999999998,"y":415.86990000000003,"width":"288.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" Turn in your writing assignment by midnight on Friday. (command) ","line":22,"x":90.02405999999998,"y":402.0699,"width":"362.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" The instructor asked if there were any questions. (indirect question) ","line":23,"x":90.02401999999998,"y":388.2699,"width":"368.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" The students wondered when the sun would come out again. (indirect question) ","line":24,"x":90.02397999999998,"y":374.4699,"width":"433.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a period to punctuate a polite request or suggestion. Polite requests look a lot ","line":25,"x":72.02393999999998,"y":360.65,"width":"462.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"like questions, but they are really commands. Polite requests add the words can, may, ","line":26,"x":72.02393999999998,"y":346.9699,"width":"459.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"will, could, and would to soften a command. The result is a command that sounds a lot ","line":27,"x":72.02393999999998,"y":333.1699,"width":"461.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"Because these sentences are commands, they cannot be answered with a simple yes ","line":29,"x":72.02393999999997,"y":305.5699,"width":"458.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"or no reply. A polite request is asking for action. ","line":30,"x":72.02393999999998,"y":291.7699,"width":"258.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" May I suggest that you prepare your writing assignment early in the week. (polite ","line":32,"x":90.02393999999998,"y":264.05,"width":"437.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" Will you please let me know if you have any questions. (polite request) ","line":34,"x":90.02389999999998,"y":236.45,"width":"384.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" Could you please arrive ten minutes early for your appointment. (polite request) ","line":35,"x":90.02385999999998,"y":222.64999999999998,"width":"431.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"the sentence is written. Rewrite the sentence as a statement if a period seems ","line":38,"x":72.02381999999999,"y":181.21989999999997,"width":"418.83","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":"awkward. ","line":39,"x":72.02382,"y":167.41989999999996,"width":"56.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" I suggest that you prepare your writing assignment early in the week. (polite ","line":41,"x":90.02382,"y":139.81989999999996,"width":"412.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" Let me know if you have any questions. (polite request rewritten as a stateme nt) ","line":43,"x":90.02378,"y":112.21989999999997,"width":"435.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":86,"change":"Addition","str":" Please arrive ten minutes early for your appointment. (polite request rewritten as ","line":44,"x":90.02384,"y":98.42379999999997,"width":"436.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"88 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"Use periods to punctuate lower case abbreviations. ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":683.1402,"width":"300.26","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" a.m. (ante meridiem) ","line":5,"x":90.02424000000008,"y":655.5398,"width":"124.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" p.m. (post meridiem) ","line":6,"x":90.02420000000008,"y":641.7398000000001,"width":"124.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" ft. (foot or feet) ","line":7,"x":90.02416000000008,"y":627.9398000000001,"width":"89.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" Ave. (avenue) ","line":8,"x":90.02412000000008,"y":614.1402,"width":"85.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" St. (street) ","line":9,"x":90.02408000000008,"y":600.3402000000001,"width":"102.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" EXCEPTIONS: mph (miles per hour), wpm (words per minute) ","line":10,"x":90.02404000000007,"y":586.5398000000001,"width":"340.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"Use periods to punctuate abbreviations containing capital and lowercase letters. ","line":12,"x":72.02400000000007,"y":546.9398000000001,"width":"465.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" Dr. (Doctor) ","line":14,"x":90.02400000000006,"y":519.3102000000001,"width":"73.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" Mr. (Mister) ","line":15,"x":90.02396000000006,"y":505.5102000000001,"width":"72.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" Mrs. (Misses) ","line":16,"x":90.02392000000006,"y":491.7102000000001,"width":"82.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" Est. (Established) ","line":17,"x":90.02388000000006,"y":477.9102000000001,"width":"104.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"federal agencies, and professional certificates do not use periods. ","line":21,"x":72.02384000000006,"y":422.71020000000004,"width":"351.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" NBC (National Broadcasting Company) ","line":23,"x":90.02384000000006,"y":395.1102,"width":"230.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) ","line":24,"x":90.02380000000007,"y":381.3102,"width":"196.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" IPO (Initial Public Offering) ","line":25,"x":90.02376000000007,"y":367.48990000000003,"width":"158.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" AA (Associate of Arts degree) ","line":26,"x":90.02372000000007,"y":353.6899,"width":"168.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) ","line":27,"x":90.02368000000007,"y":339.8899,"width":"207.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" USA (United States of America) ","line":28,"x":90.02364000000007,"y":326.0899,"width":"179.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" EXCEPTION: use periods and spaces when single initials are used to abbreviate ","line":29,"x":90.02360000000007,"y":312.2899,"width":"439.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"a person‟s name, such as J. K. Rowling. ","line":30,"x":108.01966000000007,"y":298.4899,"width":"219.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" EXCEPTION: use periods when United States is abbreviated and used as an ","line":31,"x":90.02376000000007,"y":284.68989999999997,"width":"419.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"adjective (U.S. government) ","line":32,"x":108.01982000000007,"y":270.88989999999995,"width":"152.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"Punctuating after an abbreviation ","line":35,"x":72.02382000000009,"y":212.33009999999996,"width":"233.43","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"If the abbreviation appears at the end of a sentence, you do not add an ad ditional ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":197.9,"width":"434.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"period to the end of the sentence. If your sentence ends with a different punct uation ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":184.1,"width":"446.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"gr ammatically correct, but it looks awkward. In these cases, it is often better to rewrite ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":156.49999999999997,"width":"457.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":"your sentence. ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":142.69999999999996,"width":"85.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave‟s flight was scheduled to depart at 9:35 a.m. (no extra period needed) ","line":42,"x":90.0238,"y":115.09999999999995,"width":"410.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":87,"change":"Addition","str":" Did you mark the course in ft. or yds.? (period used for abbreviation and question ","line":43,"x":90.02385999999996,"y":101.29999999999995,"width":"440.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"89 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" Did you mark the course in feet or yards? (rewritten using the words feet and ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"417.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"Question Marks ","line":6,"x":72.02412000000005,"y":629.3799,"width":"138.04","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a question mark to punctuate a direct question. ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":602.14,"width":"298.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" Have you seen my keys? ","line":9,"x":90.0238,"y":574.5396,"width":"144.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" What do you want for dinner? ","line":10,"x":90.02376,"y":560.7396,"width":"167.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a question mark to punctuate tag questions added to statements. These ","line":12,"x":72.02372,"y":521.1099,"width":"437.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"questions are added to the end of a statement and turn the entire sentence in to a ","line":13,"x":72.02372000000003,"y":507.3099,"width":"433.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"question. ","line":14,"x":72.02372000000003,"y":493.5099,"width":"55.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" The cafe serves the best coffee, don‟t they? ","line":16,"x":90.02372000000003,"y":465.9099,"width":"243.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" That was the best movie, don‟t you think? ","line":17,"x":90.02377999999999,"y":452.1099,"width":"231.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" You didn‟t forget your wallet again, did you? ","line":18,"x":90.02373999999998,"y":438.30989999999997,"width":"243.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"question or to show surprise. Adding a question mark changes the meaning of the ","line":21,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":384.90989999999994,"width":"451.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. If you want the sentence to be read as a question, then add a questio n mark. ","line":22,"x":72.02379999999994,"y":371.08959999999996,"width":"469.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" We are going out at midnight. (statement) ","line":24,"x":90.02349999999996,"y":343.48959999999994,"width":"231.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" We are going out at midnight? (The question mark changes the meaning of th e ","line":25,"x":90.02345999999996,"y":329.6895999999999,"width":"428.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" The shoes cost $300. (statement) ","line":27,"x":90.02342,"y":302.0895999999999,"width":"189.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" The shoes cost $300? (The question mark changes the meaning of the ","line":28,"x":90.02338,"y":288.2895999999999,"width":"386.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a question mark within parentheses to show doubt or uncertainty. ","line":31,"x":72.02334,"y":234.8895999999999,"width":"407.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" She graduated from college (1996?) after years of studying. ","line":33,"x":90.02334000000002,"y":207.2895999999999,"width":"330.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":" He started his job a few years ago (2010?). ","line":34,"x":90.02330000000002,"y":193.4598999999999,"width":"243.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"Exclamation Points ","line":38,"x":72.02326000000002,"y":113.89969999999985,"width":"169.01","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":88,"change":"Addition","str":"panic. Use it sparingly to avoid the impression that you are shouting. ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":84.86410000000001,"width":"368.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"90 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" Wow! I won the lottery! ","line":3,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":695.1402,"width":"132.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" That is amazing! ","line":4,"x":90.02412000000005,"y":681.3402000000001,"width":"98.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Hyphens ","line":7,"x":72.02408000000005,"y":615.58,"width":"79.00","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"together. The connection can change the meaning of the sentence. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":586.5396000000001,"width":"362.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" The doctors worked twenty-four-hour shifts. (The doctors worked around the ","line":11,"x":90.0238,"y":558.9396,"width":"414.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" The doctors worked twenty four-hour shifts. (The doctors worked twenty separate ","line":13,"x":90.02376,"y":531.3099,"width":"441.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" The doctors worked twenty-four hour shifts. (The doctors worked twenty-four ","line":15,"x":90.02372,"y":503.7102999999999,"width":"416.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a hyphen to create compound nouns, verbs, and adjectives. ","line":18,"x":72.02368,"y":450.3106999999999,"width":"373.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" up - to -date ","line":20,"x":90.02368000000001,"y":422.71069999999986,"width":"65.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" first-class ","line":21,"x":90.02361000000002,"y":408.91069999999985,"width":"61.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" brother- in -law ","line":22,"x":90.02357000000002,"y":395.11069999999984,"width":"83.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" double-space ","line":23,"x":90.02349000000004,"y":381.3106999999998,"width":"82.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" full-time ","line":24,"x":90.02345000000004,"y":367.49039999999985,"width":"52.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a hyphen to create words with the following prefixes: ex, self, or quasi. ","line":28,"x":72.02341000000004,"y":300.2907999999998,"width":"435.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" He is our quasi-official leader. ","line":30,"x":90.02341000000007,"y":272.6907999999998,"width":"172.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" She has a lot of self-esteem. ","line":31,"x":90.02337000000007,"y":258.8907999999998,"width":"166.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" The ex-president of the company was invited to the meeting. ","line":32,"x":90.02333000000007,"y":245.09079999999977,"width":"331.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a hyphen to write family titles that contain ex, great, or in -law . The prefixes ","line":34,"x":72.02329000000007,"y":205.49079999999978,"width":"453.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":"s tep, half , or grand are not hyphenated. ","line":35,"x":72.0235100000001,"y":191.66109999999978,"width":"231.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":36,"x":72.02372000000011,"y":178.10089999999977,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" great-grandmother ","line":37,"x":90.02372000000011,"y":164.06109999999978,"width":"125.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" mother- in -law ","line":38,"x":90.02368000000011,"y":150.26109999999977,"width":"83.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" half brother ","line":39,"x":90.0237000000001,"y":136.46109999999976,"width":"92.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" stepsister ","line":40,"x":90.0236600000001,"y":122.66109999999976,"width":"62.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":89,"change":"Addition","str":" stepbrother ","line":41,"x":90.02362000000011,"y":108.86109999999977,"width":"71.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"91 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a hyphen to divide a word over two lines. This rule only applies if you are ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"431.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"move the word to the next line. ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"169.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Dashes ","line":7,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":622.4197000000001,"width":"66.99","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Be careful not to confuse dashes and hyphens. They might look very similar, but th ey ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":607.3,"width":"454.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"are different. You can think of them as twins, but even human twins get annoye d when ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":593.5,"width":"461.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"you cannot tell them apart. ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":579.7,"width":"147.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Where is the dash located on the keyboard? The dash is not on a standard keyb oard. ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":552.1,"width":"455.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"You form a dash by typing two hyphens with no space between them, no space s before ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":538.2699,"width":"467.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"them, and no spaces after them. Most software will convert the two hyphens to a dash. ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":524.4699,"width":"462.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"software does not convert to the dash, two hyphens working as a dash is acceptable. ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":496.86990000000003,"width":"457.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Because the dash is used to show emphasis and drama, do not overuse it. ","line":20,"x":72.02367999999996,"y":441.6699,"width":"406.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"information is dramatic. ","line":25,"x":72.02367999999996,"y":372.6698999999999,"width":"130.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a dash to set off parenthetical elements and appositives. Usually parenthetical ","line":27,"x":72.02367999999997,"y":333.0499999999999,"width":"465.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"the standard way to set apart parenthetical elements in a sentence. Use dashes o r ","line":29,"x":72.02367999999996,"y":305.4499999999999,"width":"440.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"that using dashes will emphasize the parenthetical element. Parentheses de-empha size ","line":31,"x":72.02367999999996,"y":277.84999999999985,"width":"469.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"the parenthetical element. ","line":32,"x":72.02368000000001,"y":264.04999999999984,"width":"144.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":" Three students -- Sam Jones, Fred Johnson, and Dave Smith -- received awards at ","line":34,"x":90.02368000000001,"y":236.44999999999982,"width":"439.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":" Three desserts -- cheesecake, macarons, and ice cream -- were available at the ","line":37,"x":90.02376,"y":195.0198999999998,"width":"422.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"If you place parenthetical elements between dashes instead of commas, it empha sizes ","line":41,"x":72.02422999999995,"y":139.8198999999998,"width":"463.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":"the parenthetical element. ","line":42,"x":72.02422999999993,"y":126.0198999999998,"width":"144.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":90,"change":"Addition","str":" All students -- including Sam Jones -- must take the test again. (Parenthetical ","line":44,"x":90.02422999999993,"y":98.4237999999998,"width":"407.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"92 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":" All of the desserts -- especially the cheesecake -- were devoured by the students. ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"429.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"afterthought. This is an abrupt form of punctuation for an afterthought. It is often bett er ","line":6,"x":72.02388000000009,"y":641.7397000000001,"width":"466.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"to rewrite the sentence. ","line":7,"x":72.02388000000008,"y":627.9397000000001,"width":"131.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":" I will call you tomorrow -- if that is okay with you -- to discuss our plans. (Interruption ","line":9,"x":90.02388000000008,"y":600.3401000000001,"width":"441.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":" Let‟s meet for coffee on Thursday -- no, let‟s m eet Friday instead. (Abrupt change ","line":11,"x":90.02407000000004,"y":572.7397000000002,"width":"436.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a dash to connect an introductory list with a summarizing statement. If this ","line":15,"x":72.02415000000003,"y":517.5100000000002,"width":"452.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"seems awkward, you can rewrite the sentence without the dash. ","line":16,"x":72.02415000000002,"y":503.7100000000002,"width":"346.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":" Angry Birds, Words With Friends, Candy Crush -- these are some of the most ","line":18,"x":90.02415000000002,"y":464.1100000000002,"width":"414.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":" Angry Birds, Words With Friends, and Candy Crush are some of the most ","line":20,"x":90.02403000000005,"y":436.51000000000016,"width":"400.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"Use a dash to attribute a quotation. The dash immediately precedes the source of the ","line":28,"x":72.02399000000005,"y":326.0897000000001,"width":"469.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"quotation. The dash and source should appear on a separate line and aligned to the ","line":29,"x":72.02399000000008,"y":312.2897000000001,"width":"448.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"right. ","line":30,"x":72.02399000000008,"y":298.4897000000001,"width":"32.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":" Always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than ","line":32,"x":90.02399000000008,"y":270.88970000000006,"width":"433.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":" -- Abraham Lincoln ","line":34,"x":72.02395000000008,"y":243.28970000000004,"width":"164.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"Parentheses ","line":37,"x":72.02426000000003,"y":177.49990000000003,"width":"109.97","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"number, or an expression. ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":148.45999999999998,"width":"145.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":91,"change":"Addition","str":"information the least. Commas neither emphasize nor de-emphasize the information. ","line":44,"x":72.0238,"y":79.46389999999998,"width":"456.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"93 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" The advertisement, which appears on page 5, has a major spelling error. (Normal ","line":3,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":695.1402,"width":"442.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" The advertisement -- which appears on page 5 -- has a major spelling error. (Strong ","line":6,"x":90.02412000000005,"y":653.7402000000002,"width":"441.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" The advertisement (which appears on page 5) has a major spelling error. (Least ","line":8,"x":90.02420000000005,"y":626.1406000000002,"width":"434.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"Use parentheses to enclose numbers in formal documents. In legal, business, and ","line":11,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":572.7402000000002,"width":"466.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"documents. ","line":14,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":531.3105000000002,"width":"68.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" Payment is due in thirty (30) days. ","line":16,"x":90.02416000000004,"y":503.71050000000014,"width":"195.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" The boat cost twenty thousand dollars ($20,000). ","line":17,"x":90.02412000000004,"y":489.9105000000001,"width":"277.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"Use parentheses to enclose numbers or letters that list items in a sentence. Use ","line":19,"x":72.02408000000004,"y":450.3105000000001,"width":"458.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"require a specific order. ","line":21,"x":72.02408000000003,"y":422.7105000000001,"width":"131.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" To register for the marathon, (1) log on to our website, (2) select the marathon ","line":23,"x":90.02408000000003,"y":395.11050000000006,"width":"424.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" The website offered several tips for marathon training, including (a) wear ","line":26,"x":90.02404000000003,"y":353.69020000000006,"width":"395.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"appropriate running shoes, (b) break in new shoes before the race, (c) ","line":27,"x":108.02010000000003,"y":339.89020000000005,"width":"374.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"Parentheses and Sentence Punctuation ","line":31,"x":72.0243,"y":279.53040000000004,"width":"275.32","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"parentheses. ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":251.32999999999998,"width":"75.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" (Check Canvas for all upcoming due dates.) ","line":35,"x":90.02380000000001,"y":223.72999999999996,"width":"244.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" (See page 5 for more information.) ","line":36,"x":90.02376000000001,"y":209.92999999999995,"width":"194.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"If only part of the sentence is enclosed with parentheses, and that section appears a t ","line":38,"x":72.02372000000001,"y":182.29999999999995,"width":"453.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"Semicolons, colons, and commas that appear in the sentence stay outside of the ","line":40,"x":72.02372000000003,"y":154.69999999999993,"width":"431.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":"parentheses. ","line":41,"x":72.02372000000003,"y":140.89999999999992,"width":"75.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":92,"change":"Addition","str":" Sarah will travel to Hawaii next week (June 4). (The period is outside the ","line":43,"x":90.02372000000004,"y":113.29999999999993,"width":"398.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"94 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":" When we start Spring quarter (April 7), the weather will be warmer. (Comma is ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"426.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"embedded inside another sentence, do not capitalize the first letter of the parenthetical ","line":6,"x":72.02412000000005,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"461.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"point, then the punctuation needs to be inside the parentheses. Periods are never ","line":8,"x":72.02412000000004,"y":626.1397000000002,"width":"436.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"added to sentences that are inside parentheses embedded within other sentences. ","line":9,"x":72.02412000000004,"y":612.3397000000002,"width":"445.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":" We tried the new restaurant (have you tried it?) last night. (A question is ","line":11,"x":90.02411999999998,"y":584.7393000000002,"width":"391.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave order ed the sock soup (yuck!), and I ordered pizza. (An exclamation is ","line":14,"x":90.02407999999998,"y":543.3393000000003,"width":"414.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":" After dinner, we went to the beach (we wanted to digest our food before going ","line":17,"x":90.02403999999999,"y":501.90920000000034,"width":"423.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. Do not add a period to this sentence! Do not capitalize the first letter of ","line":19,"x":108.02009999999999,"y":474.3092000000003,"width":"432.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"Quotation Marks ","line":26,"x":72.02400000000002,"y":332.5688000000003,"width":"144.98","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"and one appears at the end. Quotation marks never appear alone. ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":303.65,"width":"357.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"Use quotation marks to enclose words that are direct quotations. Quotation marks ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":276.04999999999995,"width":"465.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"do not use quotation marks. ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":248.44999999999993,"width":"154.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":" “When you‟re curious, you find lots of interesting things to do,” said Walt Disn ey. ","line":34,"x":90.0238,"y":220.8499999999999,"width":"435.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":" Walt Disney said that curiosity and imagination are important. (indirect quotation ","line":36,"x":90.02376,"y":193.2198999999999,"width":"434.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":"stories, television episodes, or a chapter of a larger book. ","line":40,"x":72.02372,"y":138.0198999999999,"width":"335.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":" The kids love the song “In Summer” from t he movie Frozen . ","line":42,"x":90.02372000000003,"y":110.5397999999999,"width":"330.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":93,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave‟s favorite episode of Lost was “The Constant.” ","line":43,"x":90.0238,"y":96.7440999999999,"width":"289.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"95 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"Quotation Marks and Punctuation ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":706.6600000000001,"width":"235.15","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"Periods and commas are always placed inside the quotation marks . ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":692.26,"width":"391.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" The kids keep singing “Let It Go.” (period inside the quotation mark) ","line":5,"x":90.02388000000002,"y":664.66,"width":"369.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary said, “We need to go to the store.” (period inside the quotation mark) ","line":6,"x":90.02394000000004,"y":650.86,"width":"404.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred said, “Order me a latte,” but Mary accidently ordered him a mocha. (comma ","line":7,"x":90.02400000000006,"y":637.0600000000001,"width":"438.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"Colons and semicolons are always placed outside the quotation marks. ","line":10,"x":72.02396000000006,"y":595.6600000000001,"width":"414.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred said, “Order me a latte”; Mary accidently ordered him a mocha. (semicolon ","line":12,"x":90.02396000000005,"y":568.0600000000001,"width":"433.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" The following characters appeared in the episode “The Constant”: Kate, Jack, ","line":14,"x":90.02392000000005,"y":540.4600000000002,"width":"422.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"placed inside the quotation mark if they are part of the quotation. If the quotation is a ","line":19,"x":72.02388000000005,"y":459.4299000000001,"width":"450.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"question, then the question mark is placed inside the quotation mark. If the sentence ","line":20,"x":72.02388000000002,"y":445.6299000000001,"width":"451.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"asks a question, but not the quotation, then the question mark is outside the qu otation ","line":21,"x":72.02388000000002,"y":431.82990000000007,"width":"457.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"mark. ","line":22,"x":72.02388000000002,"y":418.02990000000005,"width":"36.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave asked, “What do you want for dinner?” (The question mark is part of the ","line":24,"x":90.02388000000002,"y":390.42990000000003,"width":"421.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" What do you think she meant when she said, “The fish tank is on fire”? (The ","line":26,"x":90.02384000000002,"y":362.81,"width":"412.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"Italics ","line":30,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":290.08959999999996,"width":"54.08","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"and music albums. ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":261.17,"width":"114.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" Newsweek published the article about education. (Magazine title is in italics) ","line":34,"x":90.0238,"y":233.68990000000002,"width":"414.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" Friends was a popular television show in the 1990s. (Television show title is in ","line":35,"x":90.02395999999999,"y":219.8899,"width":"424.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"italics) ","line":36,"x":108.02002,"y":205.97,"width":"37.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"Use italics for words or phrases used as examples in your sentence. Using italics, ","line":38,"x":72.02402000000001,"y":166.34,"width":"464.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"you can write about a specific word, without including the meaning of the word in you r ","line":39,"x":72.02402000000001,"y":152.54,"width":"456.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. ","line":40,"x":72.02402000000006,"y":138.73999999999998,"width":"55.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" People should know that irregardless is not a real word. (Use italics to refer to ","line":41,"x":90.02402000000006,"y":125.06029999999998,"width":"422.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":94,"change":"Addition","str":" Many people confuse the words lay and lie . (Use italics to refer to words in a ","line":43,"x":90.02378000000003,"y":97.46419999999999,"width":"415.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"96 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Use italics for slang words. Some people prefer to use quotation marks. It is a ","line":4,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":669.3403000000001,"width":"427.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"personal preference. ","line":5,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":655.5399000000001,"width":"116.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" Andy thought the dessert was epic ! (Slang) ","line":7,"x":90.02416000000007,"y":628.0602000000001,"width":"239.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" Ava‟s soccer goal was wicked . (Slang) ","line":8,"x":90.02432000000007,"y":614.2602000000002,"width":"214.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Brackets ","line":11,"x":72.02468000000005,"y":555.2199000000002,"width":"78.98","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Use brackets to set apart editorial comments within a quotation. The comments ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":540.07,"width":"451.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"inside the brackets can include additional information or corrections. The most common ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":526.2700000000001,"width":"466.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"use for brackets is to enclose the word sic inside brackets following an error in a ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":512.5903000000001,"width":"427.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"quotation. Sic is a Latin word meaning thus or so . By putting the word s ic in brackets, it ","line":15,"x":72.02359999999996,"y":498.78990000000005,"width":"463.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"acknowledges that there is an error in the quotation, but the quotation is exactly how the ","line":16,"x":72.02362000000005,"y":484.87000000000006,"width":"470.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"speaker said it. ","line":17,"x":72.02362,"y":471.07000000000005,"width":"87.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" He said, “I want to go too [sic] the store!” ","line":19,"x":90.02362000000001,"y":443.47,"width":"229.50","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" The coach wrote the article “We can‟t loose [sic] the game” for the local ","line":20,"x":90.02368000000001,"y":429.67,"width":"388.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" “Your vacation package price [$3,960] also includes all meals and beverages.” ","line":22,"x":90.02364000000001,"y":402.07,"width":"425.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Apostrophes ","line":25,"x":72.02370000000002,"y":343.13009999999997,"width":"113.95","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Use an apostrophe to form possessive nouns. Apostrophes show ownership or ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":327.89,"width":"440.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"origin. Apostrophes never make a noun plural. ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":314.09,"width":"251.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred‟s motorcycle (motorcycle belongs to Fred) ","line":29,"x":90.0238,"y":286.48999999999995,"width":"261.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" Ava‟s toys (the toys belonging to Ava) ","line":30,"x":90.02386000000001,"y":272.68999999999994,"width":"211.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" The Joneses‟ house (the house belonging to the Jones family) ","line":31,"x":90.02392000000003,"y":258.88999999999993,"width":"340.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Use an apostrophe to form contractions. Contractions are shortened words that ","line":33,"x":72.02398000000005,"y":219.28999999999994,"width":"441.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"formed by joining two words. An apostrophe takes the place of the missing letters. ","line":34,"x":72.02398000000002,"y":205.48999999999992,"width":"437.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" ","line":35,"x":72.02398000000005,"y":191.66029999999992,"width":"6.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" Can‟t (contraction of cannot ) ","line":36,"x":90.02394000000004,"y":177.9801999999999,"width":"161.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" Won‟t (contraction of will not ) ","line":37,"x":90.02400000000003,"y":164.1801999999999,"width":"164.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" Could‟ve (contraction of could have ) ","line":38,"x":90.02396000000007,"y":150.3801999999999,"width":"202.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":" It‟s (contraction of it is or it has ) ","line":39,"x":90.02422000000007,"y":136.58019999999988,"width":"176.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":95,"change":"Addition","str":"Use an apostrophe in place of omitted letters or numbers. ","line":41,"x":72.02408000000011,"y":96.86419999999988,"width":"335.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"97 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":" „70s (1970s) ","line":2,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"76.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":" Class of „14 (class of 2014) ","line":3,"x":90.02412000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"155.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"Use an apostrophe as the symbol for feet in measurement. The quotation mark is ","line":5,"x":72.02418000000009,"y":655.5397,"width":"456.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"used as the symbol for inches. ","line":6,"x":72.02418000000011,"y":641.7397000000001,"width":"168.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":" The room is 15‟ x 25‟. (15 feet by 25 feet) ","line":8,"x":90.02418000000011,"y":614.1401000000001,"width":"229.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":" She is 5‟ 4” tall. (5 feet four inches) ","line":9,"x":90.0242400000001,"y":600.3401000000001,"width":"199.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 12 ","line":20,"x":268.49020000000013,"y":329.8091,"width":"77.91","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalization ","line":21,"x":228.05050000000017,"y":304.129,"width":"158.95","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"when reference a dictionary or style guide. ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":232.61019999999996,"width":"231.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"considered rude. ","line":31,"x":72.02380000000002,"y":163.58009999999993,"width":"92.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"Washington and incorrect to write WASHINGTON . Only the first letter should be ","line":34,"x":72.02380000000004,"y":122.29999999999994,"width":"426.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":96,"change":"Addition","str":"capitalized. Abbreviations are exceptions to this rule. ","line":35,"x":72.024,"y":108.38009999999994,"width":"285.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"98 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize the first letter of the first word in a sentence. If your sentence begins with ","line":2,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":708.96,"width":"468.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"a company name that is not capitalized, it is better to rewrite your sentence. ","line":3,"x":72.02416000000005,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"407.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" The Apple iPhone is a very popular smartphone. ","line":5,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":667.5397,"width":"270.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" iPhones are very popular smartphones. (Technically correct, but it looks so ","line":6,"x":90.02412000000005,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"407.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize the pronoun I . It is never correct to use the pronoun I as a lowercase letter. ","line":9,"x":72.02408000000005,"y":600.4600000000002,"width":"471.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" If I were you, I would turn in the writing assignment on time. ","line":11,"x":90.02432000000016,"y":572.7397000000001,"width":"329.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave and I enjoy drinking coffee. ","line":12,"x":90.02428000000016,"y":558.9397000000001,"width":"185.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize proper nouns. Proper nouns name specific people, places, or things. ","line":14,"x":72.02424000000016,"y":519.3100000000002,"width":"431.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"People‟s names are always capitalized. Company names , product names, and ","line":15,"x":72.02424000000016,"y":505.51000000000016,"width":"419.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"contains a proper noun. If the noun names something very specific, then it must be ","line":18,"x":72.02424000000013,"y":464.1100000000001,"width":"442.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"capitalized. ","line":19,"x":72.02424000000013,"y":450.3100000000001,"width":"66.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" Specific names : Edmonds Community College, Eastern Washington University, ","line":21,"x":90.02424000000013,"y":422.7100000000001,"width":"437.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" Specific companies : Starbucks, Microsoft, Boeing, and Alaska Airlines ","line":24,"x":90.02420000000014,"y":381.31000000000006,"width":"390.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" Historical events : World War I, World War II, and the Great Depression ","line":25,"x":90.02426000000014,"y":367.4897000000001,"width":"394.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" Specific products : PowerPoint, Excel, and Word ","line":26,"x":90.02442000000015,"y":353.6897000000001,"width":"277.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" Specific academic courses : Accounting 101, English 102, and History 205. The ","line":27,"x":90.02448000000015,"y":339.88970000000006,"width":"440.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize geographic locations. The names of specific cities, counties, states, ","line":31,"x":72.02444000000015,"y":272.6897,"width":"430.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"city is only capitalized if it is included in the official name of the city. Salt Lake City ","line":33,"x":72.02444000000017,"y":245.21,"width":"436.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"includes the word city in its official name, so it is capitalized. ","line":34,"x":72.02444000000017,"y":231.41,"width":"323.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" Specific geographic locations : Lake Washington, Lake Erie, and Lake Tahoe ","line":36,"x":90.02454000000017,"y":203.66,"width":"434.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" Specific countries : France, Canada, Spain, and Italy ","line":37,"x":90.02460000000016,"y":189.85999999999999,"width":"296.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":" Specific continents : North America, South America, Africa, and Asia ","line":38,"x":90.02466000000017,"y":176.05999999999997,"width":"380.12","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize the name of specific celestial bodies. Do not capitalize sun or moon. ","line":40,"x":72.02472000000014,"y":136.45999999999998,"width":"439.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":97,"change":"Addition","str":"something other than space travel or our specific planet, then it is lowercase. ","line":44,"x":72.02472000000012,"y":81.26389999999999,"width":"412.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"99 ","line":0,"x":301.97,"y":22.6801,"width":"10.66","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" Jupiter, Mars, Venus, and Earth are all planets in the solar system. ","line":3,"x":90.02416000000005,"y":695.1402,"width":"367.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" Why on earth did you do that? ","line":4,"x":90.02412000000005,"y":681.3402000000001,"width":"174.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" The beauty queen wished for peace on earth. ","line":5,"x":90.02408000000005,"y":667.5398000000001,"width":"255.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize days, months, and holidays. Seasons are lowercase unless they are ","line":7,"x":72.02404000000006,"y":627.9398000000001,"width":"435.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"proper nouns because it refers to a specific season. ","line":9,"x":72.02404000000007,"y":600.3402000000001,"width":"277.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday are all capitalized because they ","line":11,"x":90.02404000000007,"y":572.7398000000001,"width":"426.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary loves summer days. ( Summer is not capitalized because it is a common ","line":13,"x":90.02400000000007,"y":545.2601000000001,"width":"421.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" The Fall 2014 course catalog will be available soon. ( Fall is capitalized because it ","line":15,"x":90.02376000000008,"y":517.63,"width":"442.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"journals, books, and articles. Do not capitalize the conjunctions (and, but) , ","line":19,"x":72.02342000000012,"y":450.43,"width":"408.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"prepositions (to, of, for) , and articles (a, an, the) unless they are the first word in the title. ","line":20,"x":72.02322000000015,"y":436.63,"width":"473.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" Grammar Girl Presents the Ultimate Writing Guide for Students is a great ","line":22,"x":90.02362000000005,"y":409.03000000000003,"width":"397.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" Capital in the Twenty-First Century is currently on top of the New York Times ","line":24,"x":90.02358000000005,"y":381.43000000000006,"width":"417.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"best seller list, but it is not a book about capital letters. ","line":25,"x":108.0196400000001,"y":367.48980000000006,"width":"293.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"before someone’s name. Formal titles that appear after someone‟s name are not ","line":28,"x":72.02364000000011,"y":314.0898,"width":"439.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"someone‟s name. If the title appears before the person‟s name, then it is part of the ir ","line":30,"x":72.02384000000009,"y":286.4898,"width":"451.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"should not be capitalized. It is correct to say that Queen Elizabeth is a queen . Her title is ","line":32,"x":72.02384000000006,"y":258.8898,"width":"469.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"capitalized because it appears before her name and is part of her official title. The ","line":33,"x":72.02384000000006,"y":245.08979999999997,"width":"436.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"second queen is lower case because it is only describing her role. The distinction is ","line":34,"x":72.02384000000006,"y":231.41009999999997,"width":"444.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"whether the title is part of their official name or if it is a common reference to the ir ","line":35,"x":72.02384000000006,"y":217.48979999999997,"width":"432.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":"generalized role. ","line":36,"x":72.02384000000006,"y":203.66009999999997,"width":"95.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" In October President Obama invited several former presidents to the White ","line":38,"x":90.02384000000005,"y":176.06009999999998,"width":"407.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" The conference had many impressive speakers, including Dr. Smith and ","line":40,"x":90.02380000000005,"y":148.46009999999995,"width":"393.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":98,"change":"Addition","str":" Prince William and Prince Harry are princes. ","line":42,"x":90.02376000000005,"y":120.86009999999995,"width":"249.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"100 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"for a person’s name . Aunt Sarah and Uncle Al are both capitalized because the title ","line":3,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"453.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"capitalized because it does not refer to a specific person. If the family title is precede d ","line":5,"x":72.02389999999995,"y":667.5397000000002,"width":"457.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"by a modifier, such as a possessive pronoun (my, his, her, our), then the family title is ","line":6,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":653.7397000000002,"width":"456.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"not capitalized. ","line":7,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":639.9397000000002,"width":"86.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" She is a mother now. ( Mother is not capitalized because it refers to a generalized ","line":9,"x":90.02389999999995,"y":612.4600000000003,"width":"440.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Say hello to Dad for me. ( Dad is capitalized because this is his name in this ","line":11,"x":90.02405999999995,"y":584.8600000000002,"width":"409.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Aunt Sarah and Uncle Al were invited to the party. (The titles precede their ","line":13,"x":90.02381999999996,"y":557.1401000000002,"width":"405.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Her aunt and uncle were invited to the party. (The family titles are preceded by ","line":15,"x":90.02377999999996,"y":529.5096000000002,"width":"426.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Andy has eight cousins. ( Cousins is not capitalized because it is a general ","line":17,"x":90.02373999999996,"y":502.02910000000026,"width":"403.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"reference and not part of someone‟s name.) ","line":18,"x":108.01979999999998,"y":488.10920000000027,"width":"236.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize specific religions and nationalities. ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":448.50920000000025,"width":"264.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Religions : Christianity, Catholicism, Buddhism, and Judaism. ","line":22,"x":90.0238,"y":420.9092000000002,"width":"340.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Nationalities : American, French, British, Korean, Japanese, and Russian. ","line":23,"x":90.02376,"y":407.1092000000002,"width":"404.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize direction names if they are referring to a specific location . Do not ","line":25,"x":72.02382000000001,"y":367.4888000000002,"width":"431.41","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"capitalize compass directions if they are used to describe a direction. ","line":26,"x":72.02382,"y":353.6888000000002,"width":"368.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Specific regions that include direction names : the Middle East, the East ","line":28,"x":90.02382,"y":326.08880000000016,"width":"409.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" General compass directions are lower case : travel south, drive east, turn ","line":30,"x":90.02378,"y":298.48880000000014,"width":"411.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"agencies, and committees. If the noun refers to a general committee or agency, then it ","line":34,"x":72.02373999999999,"y":231.28880000000012,"width":"470.81","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":"is not capitalized. ","line":35,"x":72.02373999999998,"y":217.4888000000001,"width":"98.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary is involved in many committees. (General reference to many committees.) ","line":37,"x":90.02373999999996,"y":189.8592000000001,"width":"432.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred called the Customer Service Department. (Refers to a specific department) ","line":38,"x":90.02369999999996,"y":176.0592000000001,"width":"435.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" The Bureau of Engraving and Printing is a division of the United States ","line":39,"x":90.02365999999996,"y":162.25920000000008,"width":"385.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" The Accounting Department handles payroll. (Refers to a specific department) ","line":41,"x":90.02361999999997,"y":134.65920000000006,"width":"425.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":99,"change":"Addition","str":" Microsoft‟s Xbox Division is very profitable. (Refers to a specific division ) ","line":42,"x":90.02357999999997,"y":120.85920000000006,"width":"397.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":"101 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize the first word in a quotation. ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":708.96,"width":"227.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" The instructor said, “Turn in your writing assignments.” ","line":4,"x":90.02389999999994,"y":681.3401,"width":"300.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" Dave said, “Do not forget to buy coffee at the store.” ","line":5,"x":90.02395999999999,"y":667.5397,"width":"286.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize the first word of each item in a vertical list. ","line":7,"x":72.02402000000001,"y":627.9397,"width":"311.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":"The instructor covered the following topics in class today: ","line":9,"x":72.02425,"y":600.3401,"width":"309.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" Action verbs ","line":10,"x":90.02425,"y":586.5397,"width":"76.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" Transitive verbs ","line":11,"x":90.02421,"y":572.7397000000001,"width":"95.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" Intransitive verbs ","line":12,"x":90.02417,"y":558.9397000000001,"width":"101.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" Linking verbs ","line":13,"x":90.02413,"y":545.1401000000001,"width":"81.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitalize the names of specific amendments, bills, laws, and treaties. ","line":15,"x":72.02409,"y":505.5101000000001,"width":"405.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" The Treaty of Versailles was signed in 1919 and ended WWI. ","line":17,"x":90.02409,"y":477.91010000000006,"width":"339.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" The Bill of Rights is the collective name of the first ten amendments to the U.S . ","line":18,"x":90.02405,"y":464.11010000000005,"width":"427.89","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" The Seventh Amendment guarantees jury trials in cases involving more than ","line":20,"x":90.02400999999999,"y":436.5101,"width":"416.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" The Affordable Care Act received a lot of coverage in the media. ","line":22,"x":90.02396999999999,"y":408.9101,"width":"355.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":" Th ey need to work out a peace treaty. (Not capitalized because this is a general ","line":23,"x":90.02393,"y":395.1101,"width":"434.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":"Quick List of Capitalization Rules ","line":28,"x":72.02389,"y":318.0499,"width":"232.62","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":100,"change":"Addition","str":"2. Capitalize the pronoun I. ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":270.8899,"width":"188.75","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"102 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"that appear before someone’s name. If the title appears after the ","line":3,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":689.9799,"width":"432.71","height":"14.52","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"9. Ca pitalize family titles only if they precede a person’s name or ","line":6,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":642.8197,"width":"448.93","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","BCKRYX+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"when they are substituting for a person’s name. ","line":7,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":626.14,"width":"337.47","height":"14.52","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"treaties. ","line":22,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":393.3094,"width":"62.58","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"Chapter 13 ","line":26,"x":270.1699,"y":300.2891,"width":"74.69","height":"14.52","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"Numbers ","line":27,"x":253.9699,"y":274.6094,"width":"106.94","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"a grammar issue and not a math issue. ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":230.68979999999996,"width":"213.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"digits . This adds clarity to the numbers. This rule does not apply to phone numbers, ","line":34,"x":72.02380000000002,"y":175.46009999999995,"width":"449.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":"addresses, zip codes, serial numbers, account numbers, and page numbers. ","line":35,"x":72.02380000000002,"y":161.66009999999994,"width":"413.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":" The balance on the account is $14,300. ","line":37,"x":90.02380000000005,"y":134.06009999999992,"width":"220.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":101,"change":"Addition","str":" Her zip code is 98052. ","line":38,"x":90.02376000000005,"y":120.26009999999992,"width":"133.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"103 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"written as numerals. This is referred to as the Rule of Ten. ","line":3,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"323.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" The fruit bowl contains two bananas and three apples. ","line":5,"x":90.02389999999997,"y":667.5397,"width":"301.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" The class has 23 students. ","line":6,"x":90.02385999999997,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"156.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"If numbers under ten and over ten are used in the same sentence, use numerals for all ","line":8,"x":72.02381999999997,"y":626.1401000000001,"width":"463.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence. ","line":10,"x":72.02381999999994,"y":598.5397000000002,"width":"58.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" The fruit bowl contains 2 bananas, 3 apples, and 14 apricots. (The highest ","line":12,"x":90.02381999999994,"y":570.9397000000001,"width":"404.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" The class has 2 instructors and 23 students. (The highest number sets the rule ","line":14,"x":90.02377999999995,"y":543.3401000000001,"width":"428.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"Numbers that begin sentences are written out as words . If the written out number ","line":18,"x":72.02373999999995,"y":476.11000000000007,"width":"455.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"consists of more than two words, spare the reader and rewrite your sentence. ","line":19,"x":72.02373999999998,"y":462.31000000000006,"width":"417.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" Three students submitted the assignment early. ","line":21,"x":90.02373999999998,"y":422.71000000000004,"width":"266.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" Three thousand four hundred and fifteen people attended the confe rence. ","line":22,"x":90.02369999999998,"y":408.91,"width":"400.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" The conference was attended by 3,415 people. (Better!) ","line":24,"x":90.02365999999996,"y":381.31,"width":"307.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"year. ","line":27,"x":72.02361999999997,"y":339.88969999999995,"width":"29.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" 2011 was a busy year for the family. ","line":29,"x":90.02361999999997,"y":312.2896999999999,"width":"212.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"Money ","line":31,"x":72.02359999999999,"y":270.4099999999999,"width":"49.10","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"Use numbers to express amounts of money. A decimal point is unnecessary in ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":256.01,"width":"437.17","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"whole dollar amounts. For clarity, always include a comma in dollar amounts of $ 1,000 ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":242.20999999999998,"width":"461.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"or more. Use a dollar sign and a decimal point for monetary figures less than $1 i f they ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":228.40999999999997,"width":"461.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"are listed in a sentence with items that are more than $1. If all monetary figures are le ss ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":214.60999999999996,"width":"468.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"than $1, it is acceptable to write the amounts as cents. Do not use the cents symbol. ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":200.77989999999997,"width":"453.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" The invoice showed charges of $25.99, $20, $.75, and $1,212.25. ","line":38,"x":90.0238,"y":173.17989999999998,"width":"362.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" The bake sale sold items for $.25, $.75, and $3. ","line":39,"x":90.02376,"y":159.37989999999996,"width":"267.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":" The bananas cost 75 cents each. ","line":40,"x":90.02372,"y":145.57989999999995,"width":"194.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"Dates ","line":42,"x":72.02368,"y":103.69979999999994,"width":"42.39","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":102,"change":"Addition","str":"Use numbers (1, 2, 3) if the date follows the month . Do not use th, nd, rd , or st after ","line":43,"x":72.0238,"y":89.4238,"width":"462.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"104 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"including Microsoft Word, automatically change the dates to the ordinal numbers (1st, ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":708.96,"width":"456.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"when necessary. ","line":4,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":681.3401000000001,"width":"96.23","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" May 17, 2008, was an exceptionally warm day in Seattle. ","line":6,"x":90.02389999999997,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"316.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" They are scheduled to arrive on July 2, 2014. ","line":7,"x":90.02385999999997,"y":639.9397000000001,"width":"254.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"used without the month . ","line":10,"x":72.02381999999997,"y":598.5397000000002,"width":"144.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" Seattle was exceptionally warm on the 17th of May. ","line":12,"x":90.02412999999999,"y":570.9397000000001,"width":"287.58","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" They are scheduled to arrive on the 2nd . ","line":13,"x":90.02408999999999,"y":557.1401000000001,"width":"229.53","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Addresses ","line":15,"x":72.02414999999999,"y":515.2299,"width":"77.05","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Use numerals for address numbers except for the number One . Use numbers for ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":500.83,"width":"456.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"zip codes, address numbers, suite numbers, apartment numbers, or route numbers. ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":487.03,"width":"450.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" Her address is One Elm Street, Apt. 2, Redmond, WA 98052. ","line":19,"x":90.0238,"y":459.42999999999995,"width":"339.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" His address is 7319 Maple Drive, Suite 310, Edmonds, WA 98020. ","line":20,"x":90.02376,"y":445.62999999999994,"width":"364.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Third) . Street names numbered greater than ten are written as ordinal numbers (11th, ","line":23,"x":72.02372,"y":404.2299999999999,"width":"459.24","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"12th, 13th). ","line":24,"x":72.02372,"y":390.4299999999999,"width":"67.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" 301 First Ave South ","line":26,"x":90.02372,"y":362.8099999999999,"width":"116.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" 18061 85th Ave North ","line":27,"x":90.02368,"y":349.0099999999999,"width":"127.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" 2025 Second Street ","line":28,"x":90.02364,"y":335.20999999999987,"width":"116.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Adjacent Numbers ","line":32,"x":72.0236,"y":262.84979999999985,"width":"131.08","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"When two numbers appear side- by -side in a sentence, write the first number in ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":248.45,"width":"453.20","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"words and second number as a numeral. If the first number cannot be written in two ","line":34,"x":72.02369999999993,"y":234.64999999999998,"width":"465.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"words. If both numbers are long, rewrite the sentence. ","line":36,"x":72.02369999999993,"y":207.04999999999995,"width":"289.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" The opera was divided into four 30-minute acts. ","line":38,"x":90.02369999999996,"y":179.41999999999996,"width":"266.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" The light fixture required ten 120-watt bulbs. ","line":39,"x":90.02365999999996,"y":165.61999999999995,"width":"248.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":" The campus dorms consist of twelve 200-unit apartments. ","line":40,"x":90.02361999999997,"y":151.93989999999994,"width":"321.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Time ","line":42,"x":72.02357999999997,"y":110.06019999999994,"width":"36.98","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":103,"change":"Addition","str":"Use numbers to express time with a.m. and p.m. ","line":43,"x":72.0238,"y":95.6641,"width":"280.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"105 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" The meeting starts at 11 a.m. ","line":2,"x":90.02389999999997,"y":708.96,"width":"166.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" The meeting starts at eleven a.m. (Incorrect) ","line":3,"x":90.02385999999997,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"246.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"Numbers or words can precede o’clock, in the morning, in the afternoon , or in the ","line":5,"x":72.02381999999997,"y":667.5397,"width":"468.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","HRSCKI+Arial,BoldItalic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"evening . ","line":6,"x":72.02391999999998,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"54.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" The meeting starts at 11 o‟clock in the morning. (Ac ceptable) ","line":8,"x":90.02399999999997,"y":626.1401000000001,"width":"333.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" The meeting starts at eleven o‟clock in the morning. (Acceptable) ","line":9,"x":90.0240599999999,"y":612.3401000000001,"width":"355.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"than one way to express a single unit of time. ","line":12,"x":72.02411999999987,"y":570.9397000000001,"width":"246.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" The meeting starts at 11 a.m. in the morning. (Incorrect. This is redundant ","line":14,"x":90.0241199999999,"y":543.3401000000001,"width":"402.28","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"Measurements ","line":18,"x":72.0240799999999,"y":473.82990000000007,"width":"104.60","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"Use numbers to express weights, measurements, and temperatures. ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":459.43,"width":"395.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" Fred‟s flight to Seattle took 7 hours and 35 minutes. ","line":21,"x":90.0238,"y":431.83,"width":"288.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" Seattle reached 75 degrees Fahrenheit today. ","line":22,"x":90.02386000000001,"y":418.03,"width":"258.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" The recipe requires 12 ounces of cheese. ","line":23,"x":90.02382000000001,"y":404.22999999999996,"width":"231.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"Large numbers ","line":25,"x":72.02378000000002,"y":362.3299999999999,"width":"107.92","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"to read as a combination. ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":334.13,"width":"151.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" Cleveland, Ohio‟s Balloon Fest released 1.4 million balloons into the air in 1986. ","line":29,"x":90.0238,"y":306.53,"width":"437.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" In 2013 the state of Washington had 6.97 million residents. ","line":30,"x":90.02385999999996,"y":292.72999999999996,"width":"326.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"Percentages ","line":32,"x":72.02381999999996,"y":250.84989999999996,"width":"89.22","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"Use numbers to express percentages and spell out the word percent . The percent ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":236.45,"width":"464.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"sign (%) is only used in technical documents and tables. ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":222.64999999999998,"width":"304.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" Our profits increased 10 percent last quarter. ","line":36,"x":90.0238,"y":195.01989999999998,"width":"252.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" The flight arrives early 85 percent of the time. ","line":37,"x":90.02376,"y":181.21989999999997,"width":"258.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary received a 25 percent discount. ","line":38,"x":90.02372,"y":167.41989999999996,"width":"207.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"Fractions ","line":40,"x":72.02368,"y":125.66009999999996,"width":"68.28","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":104,"change":"Addition","str":"and when it is the only fraction in a sentence. ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":97.46390000000001,"width":"265.01","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"106 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" One fourth of the class turned in the assignment early. ","line":2,"x":90.02389999999997,"y":708.96,"width":"302.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" We ate one half of the cookies before the party. ","line":3,"x":90.02385999999997,"y":695.1401000000001,"width":"266.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"fractions together), and multiple fractions within the same sentence. An extra ","line":6,"x":72.02381999999997,"y":653.7397000000001,"width":"440.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"space is added between the whole number and the fraction. ","line":7,"x":72.02382,"y":639.9397000000001,"width":"323.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" The room measured 12 ½ feet by 18 ½ feet. ","line":9,"x":90.02382,"y":612.3401000000001,"width":"248.22","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" The smartphone was only ⅝ of an inch thick. ","line":10,"x":90.02378,"y":598.5397000000002,"width":"251.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Decimals ","line":12,"x":72.02384,"y":556.6600000000002,"width":"66.73","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Use numbers to express figures with decimals. If the figure is less than zero, a zero ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":542.26,"width":"464.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"is placed before the decimal point. ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":528.4299,"width":"188.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" Phoenix had 0.05 inches of rain last month. (Zero is placed before decimal point ","line":16,"x":90.0238,"y":500.82989999999995,"width":"434.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" Seattle had 3.2 inches of rain last week. ","line":18,"x":90.02376,"y":473.22989999999993,"width":"226.14","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Grades, scores, voting results ","line":20,"x":72.02372,"y":431.3497999999999,"width":"211.09","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Use numbers to express grades, scores, and voting results. When writing scores, ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":416.95,"width":"458.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"place a hyphen between the winning and losing scores. ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":403.15,"width":"300.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" The Seahawks defeated the Broncos 43-8. ","line":24,"x":90.0238,"y":375.54999999999995,"width":"241.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" Mary earned a 99 on her writing assignment. ","line":25,"x":90.02376,"y":361.73009999999994,"width":"251.46","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" The vote was 5- to -3 favoring the expansion. ","line":26,"x":90.02372,"y":347.9300999999999,"width":"247.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"Company Names, Organization Names, and Product Names ","line":31,"x":72.02377999999999,"y":256.12999999999994,"width":"413.09","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"names. Write the name exactly how the organization writes it, even if it defies all of the ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":227.92999999999998,"width":"461.56","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":"rules regarding numbers. ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":214.12999999999997,"width":"139.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" 7 For All Mankind ","line":36,"x":90.0238,"y":186.49999999999994,"width":"104.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" 7-Eleven ","line":37,"x":90.02376,"y":172.69999999999993,"width":"58.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" 24 Hour Fitness ","line":38,"x":90.02372,"y":158.89999999999992,"width":"95.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" Super 8 ","line":39,"x":90.02368,"y":145.0999999999999,"width":"52.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" A1 Steak Sauce ","line":40,"x":90.02364,"y":131.2999999999999,"width":"96.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" Pac- 12 ","line":41,"x":90.0236,"y":117.4999999999999,"width":"48.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":105,"change":"Addition","str":" Big Ten ","line":42,"x":90.02356000000002,"y":103.6999999999999,"width":"55.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["JJVYXB+Symbol","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"107 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"Quick Rules for Numbers ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":703.4200000000001,"width":"219.00","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"digits . ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":660.7002,"width":"38.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"written as numerals. ","line":8,"x":72.02373999999999,"y":619.3002,"width":"122.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"EXCEPTION : If numbers under ten and over ten are used together in the same ","line":9,"x":72.02373999999999,"y":605.5002000000001,"width":"422.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"sentence, use numerals for all numbers. ","line":10,"x":72.02373999999998,"y":591.7002000000001,"width":"219.79","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"3. Numbers that begin sentences are written out as words. ","line":12,"x":72.02373999999995,"y":564.1002000000001,"width":"339.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"EXCEPTION : If the written out number consists of more than two words, rewrite the ","line":13,"x":72.02373999999992,"y":550.3002000000001,"width":"445.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"entire sentence. ","line":14,"x":72.02373999999992,"y":536.4701000000001,"width":"91.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"EXCEPTION: It is acceptable to begin a sentence with a calendar year. ","line":15,"x":72.02373999999992,"y":522.6701000000002,"width":"384.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"4. Use numbers to express amounts of money. ","line":17,"x":72.0238399999999,"y":495.07010000000014,"width":"272.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"5. Use numbers (1, 2, 3) if the date follows the month . ","line":19,"x":72.0238399999999,"y":467.4701000000001,"width":"306.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"6. Use ordinal numbers (1st, 2nd, 3rd) if the date precedes the month. ","line":21,"x":72.02399999999989,"y":439.8701000000001,"width":"398.23","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"7. Use numerals for address numbers except for the number One . ","line":23,"x":72.02425999999991,"y":412.27010000000007,"width":"377.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"third) . ","line":26,"x":72.0244899999999,"y":370.85020000000003,"width":"36.95","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"words and second number as a numeral. ","line":29,"x":72.02454999999989,"y":329.4502,"width":"239.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"10. Use numbers to express time with a.m. and p.m. ","line":31,"x":72.02454999999989,"y":301.8502,"width":"301.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"11. Numbers or words can precede o’clock, in the morning, in the afternoon , or in ","line":33,"x":72.02438999999987,"y":274.25019999999995,"width":"467.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","HRSCKI+Arial,BoldItalic","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"the evening . ","line":34,"x":72.02468999999991,"y":260.45019999999994,"width":"76.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"12. Use numbers to express weights, measurements, and temperatures. ","line":36,"x":72.02468999999991,"y":232.85019999999992,"width":"412.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"easier to read as a combination. ","line":39,"x":72.02468999999991,"y":191.4200999999999,"width":"189.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"14. Use numbers to express percentages and spell out the word percent . ","line":41,"x":72.02468999999991,"y":163.8200999999999,"width":"417.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"words and when it is the only fraction in a sentence. ","line":44,"x":72.02442999999994,"y":122.42009999999992,"width":"300.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":106,"change":"Addition","str":"fractions together), and multiple fractions within the same sentence. ","line":47,"x":72.02442999999994,"y":81.02399999999993,"width":"395.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"108 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"17. Use numbers to express grades, scores, and voting results. ","line":3,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":695.1402,"width":"363.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"Phrases ","line":21,"x":259.37,"y":235.37,"width":"96.31","height":"24.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"think it means. ","line":24,"x":198.0498,"y":172.1001,"width":"135.84","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"-Inigo Montoya, The Princess Bride ","line":25,"x":292.72979999999995,"y":155.7802,"width":"245.59","height":"14.52","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":107,"change":"Addition","str":"up words. When in doubt, look up the words in the dictionary. ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":99.98410000000001,"width":"330.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"109 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Accept (verb) means to take, to receive, or to accept. She accepted the award on his ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":709.08,"width":"455.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"behalf. ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":695.26,"width":"42.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Except (preposition) means excluding. Everyone except Bill was invited. ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":681.46,"width":"393.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Advice (noun) is a recommendation. I went to the boss for advice. ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":641.8601,"width":"357.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Advise (verb) means to give information or counsel. She advised me to attend the ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":628.06,"width":"439.23","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"conference. ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":614.26,"width":"65.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Almost (adjective) means nearly. Almost everyone is here today. ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":574.66,"width":"355.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Most (adjective) means the greatest in amount. Most students are happy midterms are ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":560.86,"width":"463.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"over. ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":547.06,"width":"29.75","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"All ready (phrase) means completely prepared. The class is all ready to begin the next ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":507.4299,"width":"464.25","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"chapter. ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":493.63,"width":"49.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Already (adverb) means previously. I already completed my assignment. ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":479.83,"width":"393.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"A lot (adverb) refers to a large number. She drinks a lot of coffee. ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":440.2301,"width":"354.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Allot (verb) means to parcel out. He did not allot enough time for the exam. ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":426.43,"width":"405.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Alot is not a word. ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":412.51,"width":"100.98","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Affect (verb) means to impress, to influence, or to change. The sunshine affected her ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":373.0301,"width":"456.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"mo od in a positive way. ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":359.21,"width":"130.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Effect (noun) is a result or a consequence. The effect was a more cheerful disposition. ","line":24,"x":72.02399999999997,"y":345.40999999999997,"width":"465.69","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"All right - (adverb) two words meaning good, agreeable, acceptable, or reliable. He is ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":292.01009999999997,"width":"458.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"feeling all right again. ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":278.21,"width":"123.21","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Alright - nonstandard spelling. Do not use for formal documents, tests, papers, o r ","line":29,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":264.2897,"width":"436.77","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"business. ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":250.49,"width":"57.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Among (preposition) means with more than two or in the midst of. He walked among ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":211.01030000000003,"width":"456.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"the trees. He shared the cookies among his five friends. ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":197.18,"width":"298.87","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Between (preposition) refers to the space separating two points or shared by two ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":183.2601,"width":"433.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"things. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":169.46,"width":"38.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"The keys fell between the bookcase and the wall. Let’s keep the secret between yo u ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":155.7799,"width":"449.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"and me. ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":141.9799,"width":"49.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"Assure (verb) means to declare, to promise, or to proclaim confidently. He assured us ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":102.37989999999998,"width":"460.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":108,"change":"Addition","str":"that he would pay for the meal. ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":88.584,"width":"170.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"110 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Ensure (verb) means to guarantee or secure. This letter of recommendation ensures ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":709.08,"width":"453.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"that I will be hired. ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":695.26,"width":"103.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Insure (verb) means to protect from loss or harm. Police recommend that residents ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":681.46,"width":"444.63","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"insure their valuable items. ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":667.66,"width":"148.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Beside (preposition) means next to. Fred sat beside Mary at dinner. ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":628.06,"width":"366.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Besides (adverb) means in addition to or also. Besides dinner, Fred and Mary went to a ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":614.26,"width":"470.08","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"show. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":600.46,"width":"37.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Bimonthly (adjective) means every other month. We have to wait 8 more weeks for the ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":560.86,"width":"467.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"bimonthly newsletter. ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":547.06,"width":"119.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Semimonthly (adjective) means twice a month. Twice a month we receive the ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":533.2298999999999,"width":"419.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"semimonthly local journal. ","line":14,"x":72.0238,"y":519.43,"width":"144.35","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Capital (noun) refers to wealth. Also refers to a city serving as the seat of government. ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":479.71009999999995,"width":"462.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Fred invested a lot of capital in the project. Olympia is the capital of Washington. ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":466.03,"width":"432.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Capitol (noun) refers to the building used by the United States Congress. This ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":452.1101,"width":"418.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"it is not capitalized. Dave visited the United States Capitol. Dave has been to the state ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":424.6299,"width":"459.51","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"capitol building in Olympia on several occasions. ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":410.8299,"width":"264.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Cite (verb) means to reference or quote. Fred cited many psychology journals in his ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":371.21000000000004,"width":"447.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"paper. ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":357.41,"width":"37.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Site (noun) refers to a position or a location. The job site is in the middle of the state. ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":343.61,"width":"451.80","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Compliment (noun) refers to praise or admiration. He told her that the book was ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":304.0101,"width":"430.02","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"brilliant, and she accepted the compliment. ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":290.21,"width":"233.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Complement (noun) means to complete or to enhance. The light wine perfectly ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":276.40999999999997,"width":"424.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"complemented the spicy meal. ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":262.61,"width":"168.19","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Could care less (phrase) means that you care. It is often misused to mean that you do ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":222.8897,"width":"464.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"not care. Could care less means that you care. ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":209.21,"width":"250.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Couldn’t care less (phrase) means that you do not care. I could not care less about the ","line":34,"x":72.02390000000003,"y":195.37990000000002,"width":"469.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Kardashians. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":181.58,"width":"76.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Could have/could’ve (contraction of the verbs could and have) I could’ve gone to the ","line":37,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":141.98000000000002,"width":"457.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"movies. ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":128.18,"width":"47.59","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"Could of (always incorrect) It sounds like could’ve when it is spoken, but could of is ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":114.38000000000001,"width":"445.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":109,"change":"Addition","str":"never correct. ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":100.46,"width":"79.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"111 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Defiantly (adverb) means challenging or resisting. He defiantly glared at the teacher for ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":709.08,"width":"468.47","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"giving him detention. ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":695.26,"width":"116.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Definitely (adverb) means clearly and positively. She will definitely be at the assembly ","line":4,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":681.46,"width":"461.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"to accept her prestigious award. ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":667.66,"width":"176.36","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Disinterested (adjective) means unbiased. The judge was disinterested in the case. ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":628.06,"width":"453.09","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Uninterested (adjective) means indifferent or having no interest at all. Dave is ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":614.26,"width":"417.96","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"uninterested in celebrity entertainment news. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":600.46,"width":"244.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Elicit (verb) means to bring out or bring forth. The principal elicited a confession from ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":560.86,"width":"454.54","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"the students. ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":547.06,"width":"75.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Illicit (adjective) means illegal, unlawful, or immoral. The use of illicit drugs is a crime. ","line":13,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":533.2298999999999,"width":"456.85","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Farther (adverb) refers to actual distance. How much farther are we driving? ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":493.63009999999997,"width":"412.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Further (adverb) means additionally. We should talk about this further. ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":479.83,"width":"377.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"TIP : the word far is hidden in the word farther . Farther refers to distance. ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":466.03,"width":"387.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Fewer (adjective) refers to countable items. Ten items or fewer allowed in this checkout ","line":19,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":426.43,"width":"467.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"lane. ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":412.63,"width":"32.45","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Less (adjective) refers to amounts or quantities. There is less water in Lake Washington ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":398.83,"width":"470.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"than in the Pacific Ocean. ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":385.03,"width":"139.84","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"TIP: use fewer with nouns you can count individually and less with nouns you cannot ","line":23,"x":72.0238,"y":371.08979999999997,"width":"456.86","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JSXJHV+Arial,BoldItalic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"count individually. ","line":24,"x":72.02400000000006,"y":357.28979999999996,"width":"100.91","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Foreword (noun) refers to a short introduction to a book or article. Mary wrote the ","line":26,"x":72.02400000000004,"y":329.8101,"width":"437.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"foreword in Dr. Sam Jones ’ s new book. ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":316.01,"width":"215.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Forward (adverb) means to move ahead. Sam took one step forward as the line ","line":28,"x":72.02399999999997,"y":302.21,"width":"428.68","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"advanced. ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":288.41,"width":"58.48","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Good (adjective) means desirable. A number of students received a good score on the ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":248.81000000000006,"width":"463.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"test. ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":235.01,"width":"29.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Well (adverb) means satisfactorily. He did well on the exam. ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":221.20999999999998,"width":"325.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":" (adverb) means healthy. He was ill and now he is well. ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":207.41,"width":"321.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Graduated (verb) Schools graduate students, but students graduate from school. ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":167.65999999999997,"width":"434.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"verb a direct object. Gonzaga University graduated 500 students in May. ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":140.1799,"width":"390.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"Graduated From (intransitive verb) Graduated is an intransitive verb and does not need ","line":39,"x":72.02395999999999,"y":126.26,"width":"470.74","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":110,"change":"Addition","str":"a direct object. Mary graduated from college . ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":112.58,"width":"243.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"112 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Irregardless is not a real word. ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":708.96,"width":"169.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Regardless (adjective) means to have no regard for. Regardless of her good intentions, ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":695.26,"width":"469.99","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"she still arrived late. ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":681.46,"width":"112.44","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Its (possessive pronoun) means it has ownership or possession. The shoe has lost its ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":641.86,"width":"458.73","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"laces. ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":628.06,"width":"34.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"It’s (contraction of the pronoun it and the verb is or has) It’s our last chance to see the ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":614.26,"width":"458.65","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"band before they retire. ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":600.46,"width":"130.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Later (adverb) means after a certain time. He will sign the contract later. ","line":11,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":560.86,"width":"388.94","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Latter (adjective) refers to the second of two choices. Between the tea and the coffee, I ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":547.06,"width":"470.18","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"choose the latter. ","line":13,"x":72.0238,"y":533.23,"width":"95.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Lay (transitive verb) means to place or to set. Lay requires a direct object in order to ","line":15,"x":72.02379999999998,"y":493.51009999999997,"width":"449.78","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"complete the meaning. We will lay tiles in the bathroom. ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":479.83,"width":"302.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Lie (intransitive verb) means to rest or to recline. Lie does not require a direct object, ","line":17,"x":72.02357000000006,"y":465.9101,"width":"452.16","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"but is often followed by a preposition. I am going to lie down for a nap. ","line":18,"x":72.0238,"y":452.23,"width":"377.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Literally (adverb) means actually or without exaggeration. The flight literally took 4 ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":412.63000000000005,"width":"441.49","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"hours. Do not use the word literally to exaggerate. If someone says, “I literally died ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":398.83,"width":"439.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"laughing,” it means they are dead. The word they are looking for is fi guratively. ","line":22,"x":72.02380000000002,"y":384.9101,"width":"422.33","height":"12.00","fontName":["FOKXYD+Arial","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Figuratively (adverb) means metaphorically or not in a real sense. She was figuratively ","line":23,"x":72.02400000000006,"y":371.2101,"width":"467.64","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"bursting with excitement. She is not really exploding; she is just very excited. ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":357.41,"width":"412.11","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Lightening (verb) means to become brighter. The sunshine is lightening her hair. ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":329.81000000000006,"width":"437.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Lightning (noun) refers to an electrical flash during a storm. The lightning bolt struck ","line":27,"x":72.0238,"y":316.01,"width":"452.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"the building during the thunderstorm. ","line":28,"x":72.0238,"y":302.21,"width":"201.62","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Lose (verb) means to be without or to suffer defeat. The dieter wants to lose weight. ","line":30,"x":72.02380000000002,"y":262.61,"width":"452.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Loose (adjective) means free from restriction or not tight. After dieting for months, his ","line":31,"x":72.0238,"y":248.81,"width":"456.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"old clothes were very loose. ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":235.01,"width":"154.29","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Nauseous (adjective) means sickening. The nauseous aroma of the sock soup turned ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":195.3799,"width":"460.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Mary’s stomach. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":181.58,"width":"90.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Nauseated (verb) means to feel sick or queasy. After eating the sock soup, Dave felt ","line":36,"x":72.0238,"y":167.78,"width":"453.42","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"nauseated. ","line":37,"x":72.0238,"y":153.98,"width":"65.76","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Principal (noun) refers to the leader. The principal of the school was in charge of the ","line":39,"x":72.0238,"y":126.37999999999998,"width":"453.39","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"teacher’s evaluation. ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":112.58,"width":"116.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":111,"change":"Addition","str":"Principal (adjective) means main. The principal freeway through Seattle is I-5. ","line":41,"x":72.02380000000001,"y":98.7839,"width":"417.88","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"113 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Principle (noun) refers to a rule or a set of beliefs. The family has good moral ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":709.08,"width":"415.31","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"principles. ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":695.26,"width":"60.40","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Real (adjective) means actual or genuine. A real diamond is worth more than a fake ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":655.66,"width":"450.71","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"diamond. ","line":6,"x":72.0238,"y":641.86,"width":"55.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Really (adverb) means actually or truly. He is really excited to go on vacation. ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":628.0600000000001,"width":"422.13","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Set (transitive verb) means to place. This is a transitive verb and requires a direct object ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":588.3402,"width":"470.03","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"in order to complete its meaning. Sarah set the table for dinner. ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":574.66,"width":"341.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Sit (intransitive verb) means to rest. This is an intransitive verb and is often followed by ","line":11,"x":72.0238,"y":560.7397,"width":"463.82","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"a prepositional phrase. Dave likes to sit in a recliner. Please sit down at the table. ","line":12,"x":72.0238,"y":547.06,"width":"433.66","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Should have/Should’ve (contraction of the verb should and have) I should have gone ","line":14,"x":72.02380000000005,"y":507.4299,"width":"461.38","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"to bed earlier. ","line":15,"x":72.0238,"y":493.63,"width":"79.70","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Should of (always incorrect) It sounds like should’ve when it is spoken, but should of is ","line":16,"x":72.0238,"y":479.83,"width":"465.93","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"never correct. ","line":17,"x":72.0238,"y":465.91,"width":"76.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Stationary (adjective) means standing still. Fred rode the stationary bike at the gym. ","line":19,"x":72.0238,"y":438.42990000000003,"width":"454.60","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Stationery (noun) refers to paper. Mary wrote a letter on fancy stationery. ","line":20,"x":72.0238,"y":424.63,"width":"398.06","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"TIP: The “e” in stationery is for “envelope . ” When you write a letter on stationery, you ","line":21,"x":72.0238,"y":410.71,"width":"452.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"need to mail it in an envelope. ","line":22,"x":72.0238,"y":396.91,"width":"165.67","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Sure (adjective) means certain. She is sure that she wants to go on vacation. ","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":369.41,"width":"412.26","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Surely (adverb) means undoubtedly or certainly . Michael Phelps will surely win the gold ","line":25,"x":72.0238,"y":355.61,"width":"469.34","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"medal. ","line":26,"x":72.0238,"y":341.81,"width":"42.30","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Than (conjunction) is used to compare things. I like coffee more than tea. ","line":29,"x":72.0238,"y":300.40999999999997,"width":"395.04","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Then (adverb) refers to time. We grabbed coffee and then we went for a walk. ","line":30,"x":72.0238,"y":286.61,"width":"416.37","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"There (adverb) means in that place. I put my keys over there. ","line":32,"x":72.0238,"y":259.0101,"width":"332.27","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"They’re (contraction of the words they are ) They’re coming to visit soon. ","line":33,"x":72.0238,"y":245.21,"width":"389.55","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Their (possessive pronoun) shows that they have ownership or possession of ","line":34,"x":72.0238,"y":231.41,"width":"415.32","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"something. Their car needed new tires. ","line":35,"x":72.0238,"y":217.61,"width":"213.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"To (preposition) means in a direction toward. Sarah is going to the store. ","line":37,"x":72.02409999999995,"y":177.97990000000004,"width":"391.05","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Too (adverb) means in addition to or also. Dave wants to go too. ","line":38,"x":72.0238,"y":164.18,"width":"348.97","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Were (verb) plural, past tense of the verb be . Fred and Mary were at the concert. ","line":40,"x":72.0238,"y":124.5801,"width":"431.92","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"We’re (conjunction of the words we are ) We’re going to the concert too. ","line":41,"x":72.0238,"y":110.78,"width":"385.52","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":112,"change":"Addition","str":"Where (adverb) refers to a location. Where are we going next? ","line":42,"x":72.0238,"y":96.984,"width":"336.43","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"114 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"Would have/Would’ve (contraction of the verb would and have) I would have called ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":709.08,"width":"450.00","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"earlier, but I lost your number. ","line":3,"x":72.0238,"y":695.26,"width":"165.57","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"Would of (always incorrect) It sounds like would’ve when it is spoken, but would of is ","line":4,"x":72.0238,"y":681.46,"width":"454.15","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"never correct. ","line":5,"x":72.0238,"y":667.54,"width":"79.72","height":"12.00","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"Your (pronoun) means that it belongs to you. Your shows possession. Your shoes are ","line":7,"x":72.0238,"y":628.0603,"width":"459.90","height":"12.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"by the front door. ","line":8,"x":72.0238,"y":614.26,"width":"97.10","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"You’re (contraction of the pronoun you and the verb are ) You’re going to be late. You’re ","line":9,"x":72.0238,"y":600.46,"width":"469.07","height":"12.00","fontName":["BCKRYX+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"the fastest runner on the team. ","line":10,"x":72.0238,"y":586.66,"width":"169.61","height":"12.00","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","JHFZJQ+Times-Roman"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"Bibliography ","line":22,"x":250.97,"y":276.29,"width":"113.39","height":"18.00","fontName":["SJUTSY+Arial,Bold","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"Bensky, Pat. “ Why Is Important to Use Correct Grammar? ” Trackerpress.com N.p., n.d. Web. 08","line":24,"x":72.0238,"y":224.33,"width":"467.69","height":"11.04","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","FOKXYD+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","NYNMFO+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":" Sept. 2014. ","line":25,"x":72.02399999999994,"y":209.8101,"width":"65.49","height":"11.04","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"Camp, Sue and Marilyn Satterwhite. College English and Business Communication. New York: ","line":26,"x":72.02399999999994,"y":185.18,"width":"463.89","height":"11.04","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":" McGraw-Hill Education, 2007. ","line":27,"x":72.024,"y":170.6601,"width":"151.61","height":"11.04","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"The Chicago Manual of Style . 15 th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003. ","line":28,"x":72.024,"y":146.0601,"width":"405.16","height":"11.04","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":"Chun, Janean. \"Kyle Wiens Of IFixit Won't Hire The Grammatically Chall enged.\" The Huffington ","line":29,"x":72.02426,"y":121.58000000000001,"width":"464.72","height":"11.04","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":113,"change":"Addition","str":" Post . TheHuffingtonPost.com, 03 Oct. 2012. Web. 08 Sept. 2014. ","line":30,"x":72.02436,"y":107.0601,"width":"324.69","height":"11.04","fontName":["WAGUYD+Arial,Italic","XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":114,"change":"Addition","str":"115 ","line":0,"x":299.93,"y":22.6801,"width":"14.74","height":"11.04","fontName":["NTKUYH+Calibri"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":114,"change":"Addition","str":"Clark, James L. and Lyn R. Clark. How 13: A Handbook for Office Professionals. Mason, Ohio: ","line":2,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":709.8000000000001,"width":"462.69","height":"11.04","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":114,"change":"Addition","str":" South-Western Cengage Learning, 2014. ","line":3,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":695.2602,"width":"206.81","height":"11.04","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial"],"dir":["ltr"]}
{"page":114,"change":"Addition","str":"Covey, Steven R. Style Guide for Business and Technical Communication: Tools for Highly","line":4,"x":72.02389999999997,"y":670.6602,"width":"445.70","height":"11.04","fontName":["XYXVPQ+Arial","WAGUYD+Arial,Italic"],"dir":["ltr"]}
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