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docs/sftp: more detailed explanation of pubkey file and certificate

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albertony 2021-10-11 10:35:03 +02:00 committed by Nick Craig-Wood
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docs/content/sftp.md
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@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ would list the home directory of the user cofigured in the rclone remote config
(`i.e /home/sftpuser`). However, `rclone lsd remote:/` would list the root (`i.e /home/sftpuser`). However, `rclone lsd remote:/` would list the root
directory for remote machine (i.e. `/`) directory for remote machine (i.e. `/`)
"Note that some SFTP servers will need the leading / - Synology is a Note that some SFTP servers will need the leading / - Synology is a
good example of this. rsync.net, on the other hand, requires users to good example of this. rsync.net, on the other hand, requires users to
OMIT the leading /. OMIT the leading /.
@ -125,23 +125,37 @@ The key file can be specified in either an external file (key_file) or contained
rclone config file (key_pem). If using key_pem in the config file, the entry should be on a rclone config file (key_pem). If using key_pem in the config file, the entry should be on a
single line with new line ('\n' or '\r\n') separating lines. i.e. single line with new line ('\n' or '\r\n') separating lines. i.e.
key_pem = -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\nMaMbaIXtE\n0gAMbMbaSsd\nMbaass\n-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- key_pem = -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\nMaMbaIXtE\n0gAMbMbaSsd\nMbaass\n-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
This will generate it correctly for key_pem for use in the config: This will generate it correctly for key_pem for use in the config:
awk '{printf "%s\\n", $0}' < ~/.ssh/id_rsa awk '{printf "%s\\n", $0}' < ~/.ssh/id_rsa
If you don't specify `pass`, `key_file`, or `key_pem` then rclone will attempt to contact an ssh-agent. If you don't specify `pass`, `key_file`, or `key_pem` or `ask_password` then
rclone will attempt to contact an ssh-agent. You can also specify `key_use_agent`
You can also specify `key_use_agent` to force the usage of an ssh-agent. In this case to force the usage of an ssh-agent. In this case `key_file` or `key_pem` can
`key_file` or `key_pem` can also be specified to force the usage of a specific key in the ssh-agent. also be specified to force the usage of a specific key in the ssh-agent.
Using an ssh-agent is the only way to load encrypted OpenSSH keys at the moment. Using an ssh-agent is the only way to load encrypted OpenSSH keys at the moment.
If you set the `--sftp-ask-password` option, rclone will prompt for a If you set the `ask_password` option, rclone will prompt for a password when
password when needed and no password has been configured. needed and no password has been configured.
If you have a certificate then you can provide the path to the public key that contains the certificate. For example: #### Certificate-signed keys
With traditional key-based authentication, you configure your private key only,
and the public key built into it will be used during the authentication process.
If you have a certificate you may use it to sign your public key, creating a
separate SSH user certificate that should be used instead of the plain public key
extracted from the private key. Then you must provide the path to the
user certificate public key file in `pubkey_file`.
Note: This is not the traditional public key paired with your private key,
typically saved as `/home/$USER/.ssh/id_rsa.pub`. Setting this path in
`pubkey_file` will not work.
Example:
``` ```
[remote] [remote]
@ -161,7 +175,7 @@ Note: the cert must come first in the file. e.g.
cat id_rsa-cert.pub id_rsa > merged_key cat id_rsa-cert.pub id_rsa > merged_key
``` ```
### Host key validation ### ### Host key validation
By default rclone will not check the server's host key for validation. This By default rclone will not check the server's host key for validation. This
can allow an attacker to replace a server with their own and if you use can allow an attacker to replace a server with their own and if you use
@ -212,7 +226,7 @@ and you will need to add the appropriate `@cert-authority` entry.
The `known_hosts_file` setting can be set during `rclone config` as an The `known_hosts_file` setting can be set during `rclone config` as an
advanced option. advanced option.
### ssh-agent on macOS ### ### ssh-agent on macOS
Note that there seem to be various problems with using an ssh-agent on Note that there seem to be various problems with using an ssh-agent on
macOS due to recent changes in the OS. The most effective work-around macOS due to recent changes in the OS. The most effective work-around
@ -226,7 +240,7 @@ And then at the end of the session
These commands can be used in scripts of course. These commands can be used in scripts of course.
### Modified time ### ### Modified time
Modified times are stored on the server to 1 second precision. Modified times are stored on the server to 1 second precision.