--- title: "Documentation" description: "Rclone Usage" date: "2015-06-06" --- Configure --------- First, you'll need to configure rclone. As the object storage systems have quite complicated authentication these are kept in a config file. (See the `--config` entry for how to find the config file and choose its location.) The easiest way to make the config is to run rclone with the config option: rclone config See the following for detailed instructions for * [Google Drive](/drive/) * [Amazon S3](/s3/) * [Swift / Rackspace Cloudfiles / Memset Memstore](/swift/) * [Dropbox](/dropbox/) * [Google Cloud Storage](/googlecloudstorage/) * [Local filesystem](/local/) * [Amazon Drive](/amazonclouddrive/) * [Backblaze B2](/b2/) * [Hubic](/hubic/) * [Microsoft OneDrive](/onedrive/) * [Yandex Disk](/yandex/) * [SFTP](/sftp/) * [FTP](/ftp/) * [HTTP](/http/) * [Crypt](/crypt/) - to encrypt other remotes Usage ----- Rclone syncs a directory tree from one storage system to another. Its syntax is like this Syntax: [options] subcommand Source and destination paths are specified by the name you gave the storage system in the config file then the sub path, eg "drive:myfolder" to look at "myfolder" in Google drive. You can define as many storage paths as you like in the config file. Subcommands ----------- rclone uses a system of subcommands. For example rclone ls remote:path # lists a re rclone copy /local/path remote:path # copies /local/path to the remote rclone sync /local/path remote:path # syncs /local/path to the remote The main rclone commands with most used first * [rclone config](/commands/rclone_config/) - Enter an interactive configuration session. * [rclone copy](/commands/rclone_copy/) - Copy files from source to dest, skipping already copied * [rclone sync](/commands/rclone_sync/) - Make source and dest identical, modifying destination only. * [rclone move](/commands/rclone_move/) - Move files from source to dest. * [rclone delete](/commands/rclone_delete/) - Remove the contents of path. * [rclone purge](/commands/rclone_purge/) - Remove the path and all of its contents. * [rclone mkdir](/commands/rclone_mkdir/) - Make the path if it doesn't already exist. * [rclone rmdir](/commands/rclone_rmdir/) - Remove the path. * [rclone rmdirs](/commands/rclone_rmdirs/) - Remove any empty directories under the path. * [rclone check](/commands/rclone_check/) - Checks the files in the source and destination match. * [rclone ls](/commands/rclone_ls/) - List all the objects in the path with size and path. * [rclone lsd](/commands/rclone_lsd/) - List all directories/containers/buckets in the path. * [rclone lsl](/commands/rclone_lsl/) - List all the objects path with modification time, size and path. * [rclone md5sum](/commands/rclone_md5sum/) - Produces an md5sum file for all the objects in the path. * [rclone sha1sum](/commands/rclone_sha1sum/) - Produces an sha1sum file for all the objects in the path. * [rclone size](/commands/rclone_size/) - Returns the total size and number of objects in remote:path. * [rclone version](/commands/rclone_version/) - Show the version number. * [rclone cleanup](/commands/rclone_cleanup/) - Clean up the remote if possible * [rclone dedupe](/commands/rclone_dedupe/) - Interactively find duplicate files delete/rename them. * [rclone authorize](/commands/rclone_authorize/) - Remote authorization. * [rclone cat](/commands/rclone_cat/) - Concatenates any files and sends them to stdout. * [rclone copyto](/commands/rclone_copyto/) - Copy files from source to dest, skipping already copied * [rclone genautocomplete](/commands/rclone_genautocomplete/) - Output bash completion script for rclone. * [rclone gendocs](/commands/rclone_gendocs/) - Output markdown docs for rclone to the directory supplied. * [rclone listremotes](/commands/rclone_listremotes/) - List all the remotes in the config file. * [rclone mount](/commands/rclone_mount/) - Mount the remote as a mountpoint. **EXPERIMENTAL** * [rclone moveto](/commands/rclone_moveto/) - Move file or directory from source to dest. * [rclone obscure](/commands/rclone_obscure/) - Obscure password for use in the rclone.conf * [rclone cryptcheck](/commands/rclone_cryptcheck/) - Checks the integrity of a crypted remote. See the [commands index](/commands/) for the full list. Copying single files -------------------- rclone normally syncs or copies directories. However, if the source remote points to a file, rclone will just copy that file. The destination remote must point to a directory - rclone will give the error `Failed to create file system for "remote:file": is a file not a directory` if it isn't. For example, suppose you have a remote with a file in called `test.jpg`, then you could copy just that file like this rclone copy remote:test.jpg /tmp/download The file `test.jpg` will be placed inside `/tmp/download`. This is equivalent to specifying rclone copy --no-traverse --files-from /tmp/files remote: /tmp/download Where `/tmp/files` contains the single line test.jpg It is recommended to use `copy` when copying individual files, not `sync`. They have pretty much the same effect but `copy` will use a lot less memory. Quoting and the shell --------------------- When you are typing commands to your computer you are using something called the command line shell. This interprets various characters in an OS specific way. Here are some gotchas which may help users unfamiliar with the shell rules ### Linux / OSX ### If your names have spaces or shell metacharacters (eg `*`, `?`, `$`, `'`, `"` etc) then you must quote them. Use single quotes `'` by default. rclone copy 'Important files?' remote:backup If you want to send a `'` you will need to use `"`, eg rclone copy "O'Reilly Reviews" remote:backup The rules for quoting metacharacters are complicated and if you want the full details you'll have to consult the manual page for your shell. ### Windows ### If your names have spaces in you need to put them in `"`, eg rclone copy "E:\folder name\folder name\folder name" remote:backup If you are using the root directory on its own then don't quote it (see [#464](https://github.com/ncw/rclone/issues/464) for why), eg rclone copy E:\ remote:backup Copying files or directories with `:` in the names -------------------------------------------------- rclone uses `:` to mark a remote name. This is, however, a valid filename component in non-Windows OSes. The remote name parser will only search for a `:` up to the first `/` so if you need to act on a file or directory like this then use the full path starting with a `/`, or use `./` as a current directory prefix. So to sync a directory called `sync:me` to a remote called `remote:` use rclone sync ./sync:me remote:path or rclone sync /full/path/to/sync:me remote:path Server Side Copy ---------------- Most remotes (but not all - see [the overview](/overview/#optional-features)) support server side copy. This means if you want to copy one folder to another then rclone won't download all the files and re-upload them; it will instruct the server to copy them in place. Eg rclone copy s3:oldbucket s3:newbucket Will copy the contents of `oldbucket` to `newbucket` without downloading and re-uploading. Remotes which don't support server side copy **will** download and re-upload in this case. Server side copies are used with `sync` and `copy` and will be identified in the log when using the `-v` flag. The `move` command may also use them if remote doesn't support server side move directly. This is done by issuing a server side copy then a delete which is much quicker than a download and re-upload. Server side copies will only be attempted if the remote names are the same. This can be used when scripting to make aged backups efficiently, eg rclone sync remote:current-backup remote:previous-backup rclone sync /path/to/files remote:current-backup Options ------- Rclone has a number of options to control its behaviour. Options which use TIME use the go time parser. A duration string is a possibly signed sequence of decimal numbers, each with optional fraction and a unit suffix, such as "300ms", "-1.5h" or "2h45m". Valid time units are "ns", "us" (or "µs"), "ms", "s", "m", "h". Options which use SIZE use kByte by default. However, a suffix of `b` for bytes, `k` for kBytes, `M` for MBytes and `G` for GBytes may be used. These are the binary units, eg 1, 2\*\*10, 2\*\*20, 2\*\*30 respectively. ### --backup-dir=DIR ### When using `sync`, `copy` or `move` any files which would have been overwritten or deleted are moved in their original hierarchy into this directory. If `--suffix` is set, then the moved files will have the suffix added to them. If there is a file with the same path (after the suffix has been added) in DIR, then it will be overwritten. The remote in use must support server side move or copy and you must use the same remote as the destination of the sync. The backup directory must not overlap the destination directory. For example rclone sync /path/to/local remote:current --backup-dir remote:old will sync `/path/to/local` to `remote:current`, but for any files which would have been updated or deleted will be stored in `remote:old`. If running rclone from a script you might want to use today's date as the directory name passed to `--backup-dir` to store the old files, or you might want to pass `--suffix` with today's date. ### --bwlimit=BANDWIDTH_SPEC ### This option controls the bandwidth limit. Limits can be specified in two ways: As a single limit, or as a timetable. Single limits last for the duration of the session. To use a single limit, specify the desired bandwidth in kBytes/s, or use a suffix b|k|M|G. The default is `0` which means to not limit bandwidth. For example, to limit bandwidth usage to 10 MBytes/s use `--bwlimit 10M` It is also possible to specify a "timetable" of limits, which will cause certain limits to be applied at certain times. To specify a timetable, format your entries as "HH:MM,BANDWIDTH HH:MM,BANDWIDTH...". An example of a typical timetable to avoid link saturation during daytime working hours could be: `--bwlimit "08:00,512 12:00,10M 13:00,512 18:00,30M 23:00,off"` In this example, the transfer bandwidth will be set to 512kBytes/sec at 8am. At noon, it will raise to 10Mbytes/s, and drop back to 512kBytes/sec at 1pm. At 6pm, the bandwidth limit will be set to 30MBytes/s, and at 11pm it will be completely disabled (full speed). Anything between 11pm and 8am will remain unlimited. Bandwidth limits only apply to the data transfer. They don't apply to the bandwidth of the directory listings etc. Note that the units are Bytes/s, not Bits/s. Typically connections are measured in Bits/s - to convert divide by 8. For example, let's say you have a 10 Mbit/s connection and you wish rclone to use half of it - 5 Mbit/s. This is 5/8 = 0.625MByte/s so you would use a `--bwlimit 0.625M` parameter for rclone. On Unix systems (Linux, MacOS, …) the bandwidth limiter can be toggled by sending a `SIGUSR2` signal to rclone. This allows to remove the limitations of a long running rclone transfer and to restore it back to the value specified with `--bwlimit` quickly when needed. Assuming there is only one rclone instance running, you can toggle the limiter like this: kill -SIGUSR2 $(pidof rclone) ### --buffer-size=SIZE ### Use this sized buffer to speed up file transfers. Each `--transfer` will use this much memory for buffering. Set to 0 to disable the buffering for the minimum memory usage. ### --checkers=N ### The number of checkers to run in parallel. Checkers do the equality checking of files during a sync. For some storage systems (eg S3, Swift, Dropbox) this can take a significant amount of time so they are run in parallel. The default is to run 8 checkers in parallel. ### -c, --checksum ### Normally rclone will look at modification time and size of files to see if they are equal. If you set this flag then rclone will check the file hash and size to determine if files are equal. This is useful when the remote doesn't support setting modified time and a more accurate sync is desired than just checking the file size. This is very useful when transferring between remotes which store the same hash type on the object, eg Drive and Swift. For details of which remotes support which hash type see the table in the [overview section](/overview/). Eg `rclone --checksum sync s3:/bucket swift:/bucket` would run much quicker than without the `--checksum` flag. When using this flag, rclone won't update mtimes of remote files if they are incorrect as it would normally. ### --config=CONFIG_FILE ### Specify the location of the rclone config file. Normally the config file is in your home directory as a file called `.config/rclone/rclone.conf` (or `.rclone.conf` if created with an older version). If `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is set it will be at `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/rclone/rclone.conf` If you run `rclone -h` and look at the help for the `--config` option you will see where the default location is for you. Use this flag to override the config location, eg `rclone --config=".myconfig" .config`. ### --contimeout=TIME ### Set the connection timeout. This should be in go time format which looks like `5s` for 5 seconds, `10m` for 10 minutes, or `3h30m`. The connection timeout is the amount of time rclone will wait for a connection to go through to a remote object storage system. It is `1m` by default. ### --dedupe-mode MODE ### Mode to run dedupe command in. One of `interactive`, `skip`, `first`, `newest`, `oldest`, `rename`. The default is `interactive`. See the dedupe command for more information as to what these options mean. ### -n, --dry-run ### Do a trial run with no permanent changes. Use this to see what rclone would do without actually doing it. Useful when setting up the `sync` command which deletes files in the destination. ### --ignore-checksum ### Normally rclone will check that the checksums of transferred files match, and give an error "corrupted on transfer" if they don't. You can use this option to skip that check. You should only use it if you have had the "corrupted on transfer" error message and you are sure you might want to transfer potentially corrupted data. ### --ignore-existing ### Using this option will make rclone unconditionally skip all files that exist on the destination, no matter the content of these files. While this isn't a generally recommended option, it can be useful in cases where your files change due to encryption. However, it cannot correct partial transfers in case a transfer was interrupted. ### --ignore-size ### Normally rclone will look at modification time and size of files to see if they are equal. If you set this flag then rclone will check only the modification time. If `--checksum` is set then it only checks the checksum. It will also cause rclone to skip verifying the sizes are the same after transfer. This can be useful for transferring files to and from OneDrive which occasionally misreports the size of image files (see [#399](https://github.com/ncw/rclone/issues/399) for more info). ### -I, --ignore-times ### Using this option will cause rclone to unconditionally upload all files regardless of the state of files on the destination. Normally rclone would skip any files that have the same modification time and are the same size (or have the same checksum if using `--checksum`). ### --log-file=FILE ### Log all of rclone's output to FILE. This is not active by default. This can be useful for tracking down problems with syncs in combination with the `-v` flag. See the [Logging section](#logging) for more info. ### --log-level LEVEL ### This sets the log level for rclone. The default log level is `INFO`. `DEBUG` is equivalent to `-vv`. It outputs lots of debug info - useful for bug reports and really finding out what rclone is doing. `INFO` is equivalent to `-v`. It outputs information about each transfer and prints stats once a minute by default. `NOTICE` is the default log level if no logging flags are supplied. It outputs very little when things are working normally. It outputs warnings and significant events. `ERROR` is equivalent to `-q`. It only outputs error messages. ### --low-level-retries NUMBER ### This controls the number of low level retries rclone does. A low level retry is used to retry a failing operation - typically one HTTP request. This might be uploading a chunk of a big file for example. You will see low level retries in the log with the `-v` flag. This shouldn't need to be changed from the default in normal operations. However, if you get a lot of low level retries you may wish to reduce the value so rclone moves on to a high level retry (see the `--retries` flag) quicker. Disable low level retries with `--low-level-retries 1`. ### --max-depth=N ### This modifies the recursion depth for all the commands except purge. So if you do `rclone --max-depth 1 ls remote:path` you will see only the files in the top level directory. Using `--max-depth 2` means you will see all the files in first two directory levels and so on. For historical reasons the `lsd` command defaults to using a `--max-depth` of 1 - you can override this with the command line flag. You can use this command to disable recursion (with `--max-depth 1`). Note that if you use this with `sync` and `--delete-excluded` the files not recursed through are considered excluded and will be deleted on the destination. Test first with `--dry-run` if you are not sure what will happen. ### --modify-window=TIME ### When checking whether a file has been modified, this is the maximum allowed time difference that a file can have and still be considered equivalent. The default is `1ns` unless this is overridden by a remote. For example OS X only stores modification times to the nearest second so if you are reading and writing to an OS X filing system this will be `1s` by default. This command line flag allows you to override that computed default. ### --no-gzip-encoding ### Don't set `Accept-Encoding: gzip`. This means that rclone won't ask the server for compressed files automatically. Useful if you've set the server to return files with `Content-Encoding: gzip` but you uploaded compressed files. There is no need to set this in normal operation, and doing so will decrease the network transfer efficiency of rclone. ### --no-update-modtime ### When using this flag, rclone won't update modification times of remote files if they are incorrect as it would normally. This can be used if the remote is being synced with another tool also (eg the Google Drive client). ### -q, --quiet ### Normally rclone outputs stats and a completion message. If you set this flag it will make as little output as possible. ### --retries int ### Retry the entire sync if it fails this many times it fails (default 3). Some remotes can be unreliable and a few retries help pick up the files which didn't get transferred because of errors. Disable retries with `--retries 1`. ### --size-only ### Normally rclone will look at modification time and size of files to see if they are equal. If you set this flag then rclone will check only the size. This can be useful transferring files from Dropbox which have been modified by the desktop sync client which doesn't set checksums of modification times in the same way as rclone. ### --stats=TIME ### Commands which transfer data (`sync`, `copy`, `copyto`, `move`, `moveto`) will print data transfer stats at regular intervals to show their progress. This sets the interval. The default is `1m`. Use 0 to disable. If you set the stats interval then all commands can show stats. This can be useful when running other commands, `check` or `mount` for example. Stats are logged at `INFO` level by default which means they won't show at default log level `NOTICE`. Use `--stats-log-level NOTICE` or `-v` to make them show. See the [Logging section](#logging) for more info on log levels. ### --stats-log-level string ### Log level to show `--stats` output at. This can be `DEBUG`, `INFO`, `NOTICE`, or `ERROR`. The default is `INFO`. This means at the default level of logging which is `NOTICE` the stats won't show - if you want them to then use `-stats-log-level NOTICE`. See the [Logging section](#logging) for more info on log levels. ### --stats-unit=bits|bytes ### By default, data transfer rates will be printed in bytes/second. This option allows the data rate to be printed in bits/second. Data transfer volume will still be reported in bytes. The rate is reported as a binary unit, not SI unit. So 1 Mbit/s equals 1,048,576 bits/s and not 1,000,000 bits/s. The default is `bytes`. ### --suffix=SUFFIX ### This is for use with `--backup-dir` only. If this isn't set then `--backup-dir` will move files with their original name. If it is set then the files will have SUFFIX added on to them. See `--backup-dir` for more info. ### --syslog ### On capable OSes (not Windows or Plan9) send all log output to syslog. This can be useful for running rclone in a script or `rclone mount`. ### --syslog-facility string ### If using `--syslog` this sets the syslog facility (eg `KERN`, `USER`). See `man syslog` for a list of possible facilities. The default facility is `DAEMON`. ### --tpslimit float ### Limit HTTP transactions per second to this. Default is 0 which is used to mean unlimited transactions per second. For example to limit rclone to 10 HTTP transactions per second use `--tpslimit 10`, or to 1 transaction every 2 seconds use `--tpslimit 0.5`. Use this when the number of transactions per second from rclone is causing a problem with the cloud storage provider (eg getting you banned or rate limited). This can be very useful for `rclone mount` to control the behaviour of applications using it. See also `--tpslimit-burst`. ### --tpslimit-burst int ### Max burst of transactions for `--tpslimit`. (default 1) Normally `--tpslimit` will do exactly the number of transaction per second specified. However if you supply `--tps-burst` then rclone can save up some transactions from when it was idle giving a burst of up to the parameter supplied. For example if you provide `--tpslimit-burst 10` then if rclone has been idle for more than 10*`--tpslimit` then it can do 10 transactions very quickly before they are limited again. This may be used to increase performance of `--tpslimit` without changing the long term average number of transactions per second. ### --track-renames ### By default, rclone doesn't keep track of renamed files, so if you rename a file locally then sync it to a remote, rclone will delete the old file on the remote and upload a new copy. If you use this flag, and the remote supports server side copy or server side move, and the source and destination have a compatible hash, then this will track renames during `sync`, `copy`, and `move` operations and perform renaming server-side. Files will be matched by size and hash - if both match then a rename will be considered. If the destination does not support server-side copy or move, rclone will fall back to the default behaviour and log an error level message to the console. Note that `--track-renames` is incompatible with `--no-traverse` and that it uses extra memory to keep track of all the rename candidates. Note also that `--track-renames` is incompatible with `--delete-before` and will select `--delete-after` instead of `--delete-during`. ### --delete-(before,during,after) ### This option allows you to specify when files on your destination are deleted when you sync folders. Specifying the value `--delete-before` will delete all files present on the destination, but not on the source *before* starting the transfer of any new or updated files. This uses two passes through the file systems, one for the deletions and one for the copies. Specifying `--delete-during` will delete files while checking and uploading files. This is the fastest option and uses the least memory. Specifying `--delete-after` (the default value) will delay deletion of files until all new/updated files have been successfully transferred. The files to be deleted are collected in the copy pass then deleted after the copy pass has completed successfully. The files to be deleted are held in memory so this mode may use more memory. This is the safest mode as it will only delete files if there have been no errors subsequent to that. If there have been errors before the deletions start then you will get the message `not deleting files as there were IO errors`. ### --fast-list ### When doing anything which involves a directory listing (eg `sync`, `copy`, `ls` - in fact nearly every command), rclone normally lists a directory and processes it before using more directory lists to process any subdirectories. This can be parallelised and works very quickly using the least amount of memory. However, some remotes have a way of listing all files beneath a directory in one (or a small number) of transactions. These tend to be the bucket based remotes (eg S3, B2, GCS, Swift, Hubic). If you use the `--fast-list` flag then rclone will use this method for listing directories. This will have the following consequences for the listing: * It **will** use fewer transactions (important if you pay for them) * It **will** use more memory. Rclone has to load the whole listing into memory. * It *may* be faster because it uses fewer transactions * It *may* be slower because it can't be parallelized rclone should always give identical results with and without `--fast-list`. If you pay for transactions and can fit your entire sync listing into memory then `--fast-list` is recommended. If you have a very big sync to do then don't use `--fast-list` otherwise you will run out of memory. If you use `--fast-list` on a remote which doesn't support it, then rclone will just ignore it. ### --timeout=TIME ### This sets the IO idle timeout. If a transfer has started but then becomes idle for this long it is considered broken and disconnected. The default is `5m`. Set to 0 to disable. ### --transfers=N ### The number of file transfers to run in parallel. It can sometimes be useful to set this to a smaller number if the remote is giving a lot of timeouts or bigger if you have lots of bandwidth and a fast remote. The default is to run 4 file transfers in parallel. ### -u, --update ### This forces rclone to skip any files which exist on the destination and have a modified time that is newer than the source file. If an existing destination file has a modification time equal (within the computed modify window precision) to the source file's, it will be updated if the sizes are different. On remotes which don't support mod time directly the time checked will be the uploaded time. This means that if uploading to one of these remotes, rclone will skip any files which exist on the destination and have an uploaded time that is newer than the modification time of the source file. This can be useful when transferring to a remote which doesn't support mod times directly as it is more accurate than a `--size-only` check and faster than using `--checksum`. ### -v, -vv, --verbose ### With `-v` rclone will tell you about each file that is transferred and a small number of significant events. With `-vv` rclone will become very verbose telling you about every file it considers and transfers. Please send bug reports with a log with this setting. ### -V, --version ### Prints the version number Configuration Encryption ------------------------ Your configuration file contains information for logging in to your cloud services. This means that you should keep your `.rclone.conf` file in a secure location. If you are in an environment where that isn't possible, you can add a password to your configuration. This means that you will have to enter the password every time you start rclone. To add a password to your rclone configuration, execute `rclone config`. ``` >rclone config Current remotes: e) Edit existing remote n) New remote d) Delete remote s) Set configuration password q) Quit config e/n/d/s/q> ``` Go into `s`, Set configuration password: ``` e/n/d/s/q> s Your configuration is not encrypted. If you add a password, you will protect your login information to cloud services. a) Add Password q) Quit to main menu a/q> a Enter NEW configuration password: password: Confirm NEW password: password: Password set Your configuration is encrypted. c) Change Password u) Unencrypt configuration q) Quit to main menu c/u/q> ``` Your configuration is now encrypted, and every time you start rclone you will now be asked for the password. In the same menu, you can change the password or completely remove encryption from your configuration. There is no way to recover the configuration if you lose your password. rclone uses [nacl secretbox](https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/crypto/nacl/secretbox) which in turn uses XSalsa20 and Poly1305 to encrypt and authenticate your configuration with secret-key cryptography. The password is SHA-256 hashed, which produces the key for secretbox. The hashed password is not stored. While this provides very good security, we do not recommend storing your encrypted rclone configuration in public if it contains sensitive information, maybe except if you use a very strong password. If it is safe in your environment, you can set the `RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS` environment variable to contain your password, in which case it will be used for decrypting the configuration. You can set this for a session from a script. For unix like systems save this to a file called `set-rclone-password`: ``` #!/bin/echo Source this file don't run it read -s RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS export RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS ``` Then source the file when you want to use it. From the shell you would do `source set-rclone-password`. It will then ask you for the password and set it in the environment variable. If you are running rclone inside a script, you might want to disable password prompts. To do that, pass the parameter `--ask-password=false` to rclone. This will make rclone fail instead of asking for a password if `RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS` doesn't contain a valid password. Developer options ----------------- These options are useful when developing or debugging rclone. There are also some more remote specific options which aren't documented here which are used for testing. These start with remote name eg `--drive-test-option` - see the docs for the remote in question. ### --cpuprofile=FILE ### Write CPU profile to file. This can be analysed with `go tool pprof`. ### --dump-auth ### Dump HTTP headers - will contain sensitive info such as `Authorization:` headers - use `--dump-headers` to dump without `Authorization:` headers. Can be very verbose. Useful for debugging only. ### --dump-bodies ### Dump HTTP headers and bodies - may contain sensitive info. Can be very verbose. Useful for debugging only. ### --dump-filters ### Dump the filters to the output. Useful to see exactly what include and exclude options are filtering on. ### --dump-headers ### Dump HTTP headers with `Authorization:` lines removed. May still contain sensitive info. Can be very verbose. Useful for debugging only. Use `--dump-auth` if you do want the `Authorization:` headers. ### --memprofile=FILE ### Write memory profile to file. This can be analysed with `go tool pprof`. ### --no-check-certificate=true/false ### `--no-check-certificate` controls whether a client verifies the server's certificate chain and host name. If `--no-check-certificate` is true, TLS accepts any certificate presented by the server and any host name in that certificate. In this mode, TLS is susceptible to man-in-the-middle attacks. This option defaults to `false`. **This should be used only for testing.** ### --no-traverse ### The `--no-traverse` flag controls whether the destination file system is traversed when using the `copy` or `move` commands. `--no-traverse` is not compatible with `sync` and will be ignored if you supply it with `sync`. If you are only copying a small number of files and/or have a large number of files on the destination then `--no-traverse` will stop rclone listing the destination and save time. However, if you are copying a large number of files, especially if you are doing a copy where lots of the files haven't changed and won't need copying then you shouldn't use `--no-traverse`. It can also be used to reduce the memory usage of rclone when copying - `rclone --no-traverse copy src dst` won't load either the source or destination listings into memory so will use the minimum amount of memory. Filtering --------- For the filtering options * `--delete-excluded` * `--filter` * `--filter-from` * `--exclude` * `--exclude-from` * `--include` * `--include-from` * `--files-from` * `--min-size` * `--max-size` * `--min-age` * `--max-age` * `--dump-filters` See the [filtering section](/filtering/). Logging ------- rclone has 4 levels of logging, `Error`, `Notice`, `Info` and `Debug`. By default, rclone logs to standard error. This means you can redirect standard error and still see the normal output of rclone commands (eg `rclone ls`). By default, rclone will produce `Error` and `Notice` level messages. If you use the `-q` flag, rclone will only produce `Error` messages. If you use the `-v` flag, rclone will produce `Error`, `Notice` and `Info` messages. If you use the `-vv` flag, rclone will produce `Error`, `Notice`, `Info` and `Debug` messages. You can also control the log levels with the `--log-level` flag. If you use the `--log-file=FILE` option, rclone will redirect `Error`, `Info` and `Debug` messages along with standard error to FILE. If you use the `--syslog` flag then rclone will log to syslog and the `--syslog-facility` control which facility it uses. Rclone prefixes all log messages with their level in capitals, eg INFO which makes it easy to grep the log file for different kinds of information. Exit Code --------- If any errors occur during the command execution, rclone will exit with a non-zero exit code. This allows scripts to detect when rclone operations have failed. During the startup phase, rclone will exit immediately if an error is detected in the configuration. There will always be a log message immediately before exiting. When rclone is running it will accumulate errors as it goes along, and only exit with a non-zero exit code if (after retries) there were still failed transfers. For every error counted there will be a high priority log message (visible with `-q`) showing the message and which file caused the problem. A high priority message is also shown when starting a retry so the user can see that any previous error messages may not be valid after the retry. If rclone has done a retry it will log a high priority message if the retry was successful. Environment Variables --------------------- Rclone can be configured entirely using environment variables. These can be used to set defaults for options or config file entries. ### Options ### Every option in rclone can have its default set by environment variable. To find the name of the environment variable, first, take the long option name, strip the leading `--`, change `-` to `_`, make upper case and prepend `RCLONE_`. For example, to always set `--stats 5s`, set the environment variable `RCLONE_STATS=5s`. If you set stats on the command line this will override the environment variable setting. Or to always use the trash in drive `--drive-use-trash`, set `RCLONE_DRIVE_USE_TRASH=true`. The same parser is used for the options and the environment variables so they take exactly the same form. ### Config file ### You can set defaults for values in the config file on an individual remote basis. If you want to use this feature, you will need to discover the name of the config items that you want. The easiest way is to run through `rclone config` by hand, then look in the config file to see what the values are (the config file can be found by looking at the help for `--config` in `rclone help`). To find the name of the environment variable, you need to set, take `RCLONE_` + name of remote + `_` + name of config file option and make it all uppercase. For example, to configure an S3 remote named `mys3:` without a config file (using unix ways of setting environment variables): ``` $ export RCLONE_CONFIG_MYS3_TYPE=s3 $ export RCLONE_CONFIG_MYS3_ACCESS_KEY_ID=XXX $ export RCLONE_CONFIG_MYS3_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=XXX $ rclone lsd MYS3: -1 2016-09-21 12:54:21 -1 my-bucket $ rclone listremotes | grep mys3 mys3: ``` Note that if you want to create a remote using environment variables you must create the `..._TYPE` variable as above. ### Other environment variables ### * RCLONE_CONFIG_PASS` set to contain your config file password (see [Configuration Encryption](#configuration-encryption) section) * HTTP_PROXY, HTTPS_PROXY and NO_PROXY (or the lowercase versions thereof). * HTTPS_PROXY takes precedence over HTTP_PROXY for https requests. * The environment values may be either a complete URL or a "host[:port]" for, in which case the "http" scheme is assumed.