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<meta name="ProgId" content="FrontPage.Editor.Document">
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<title>Shorewall 1.4 Documentation</title>
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<base
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target="_self">
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2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
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<meta name="author" content="Tom Eastep">
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</head>
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<body>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"
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style="border-collapse: collapse;" width="100%" id="AutoNumber4"
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bgcolor="#400169" height="90">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td width="100%">
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2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
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<h1 align="center"><font color="#ffffff">Shorewall 1.4 Reference</font></h1>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<h2 align="center">This documentation is intended primarily for reference.
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Step-by-step instructions for configuring Shorewall
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in common setups may be found in the <a
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2002-12-28 16:38:03 +01:00
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href="shorewall_quickstart_guide.htm">QuickStart Guides</a>.</h2>
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<h2>Components</h2>
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<p>Shorewall consists of the following components: </p>
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<ul>
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<li><b><a
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href="#Variables">params</a></b> -- a parameter file installed
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in /etc/shorewall that can be used to establish the values
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of shell variables for use in other files.</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#Conf">shorewall.conf</a></b> -- a parameter file
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installed in /etc/shorewall that is used to set several
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firewall parameters.</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#Zones">zones</a></b> - a parameter file installed
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in /etc/shorewall that defines a network partitioning
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into "zones"</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#Policy">policy</a></b> -- a parameter file installed
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in /etc/shorewall/ that establishes overall firewall policy.</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#Rules">rules</a> </b> -- a parameter file installed
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in /etc/shorewall and used to express firewall rules
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that are exceptions to the high-level policies established
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in /etc/shorewall/policy.</li>
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<li><b><a
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href="#Blacklist">blacklist</a> -- </b>a parameter file
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installed in /etc/shorewall and used to list blacklisted IP/subnet/MAC
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addresses.</li>
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<li><b><a href="#ECN">ecn</a></b> -- a parameter file installed
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in /etc/shorewall and used to selectively disable Explicit Congestion
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Notification (ECN - RFC 3168).<br>
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</li>
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<li><b> functions</b> --
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a set of shell functions used by both the firewall and
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shorewall shell programs. Installed in /etc/shorewall prior
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to version 1.3.2, in /var/lib/shorewall in version s 1.3.2-1.3.8
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and in /usr/lib/shorewall in later versions.</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#modules">modules</a></b> -- a parameter file installed
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in /etc/shorewall and that specifies kernel modules and
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their parameters. Shorewall will automatically load the
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modules specified in this file.</li>
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<li><a href="#TOS"><b> tos</b> </a>-- a parameter file installed
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in /etc/shorewall that is used to specify how the
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Type of Service (TOS) field in packets is to be set.<br>
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</li>
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<li><b><a
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href="#Scripts">common.def</a></b> -- a parameter file
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installed in in /etc/shorewall that defines firewall-wide
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rules that are applied before a DROP or REJECT policy
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is applied.</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#Interfaces">interfaces</a> </b> -- a parameter
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file installed in /etc/shorewall/ and used to describe the
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interfaces on the firewall system.</li>
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<li><a href="#Hosts"><b>
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hosts</b> </a>-- a parameter file installed in
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/etc/shorewall/ and used to describe individual hosts
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or subnetworks in zones.</li>
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<li><b><a href="#Maclist">maclist</a>
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</b>-- a parameter file installed in /etc/shorewall
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and used to verify the MAC address (and possibly also the IP
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address(es)) of devices.<br>
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</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#Masq">masq</a></b> - This file also describes
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IP masquerading under Shorewall and is installed in
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/etc/shorewall.</li>
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<li><b><a
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href="shorewall_firewall_structure.htm">firewall</a></b> -- a shell
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program that reads the configuration files in /etc/shorewall
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and configures your firewall. This file is installed
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in your init.d directory (/etc/rc.d/init.d ) where
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it is renamed <i>shorewall.</i> /etc/shorewall/firewall
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(/var/lib/shorewall/firewall in versions 1.3.2-1.3.8 and
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/usr/lib/shorewall/firewall in 1.3.9 and later) is a symbolic
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link to this program.</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#NAT">nat</a></b> -- a parameter file in /etc/shorewall
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used to define <a href="#NAT"> static NAT</a> .</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#ProxyArp">proxyarp</a></b> -- a parameter file in
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/etc/shorewall used to define <a href="#ProxyArp"> Proxy Arp</a>
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.</li>
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<li><b><a
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href="#rfc1918">rfc1918</a></b> -- a parameter file in
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/etc/shorewall used to define the treatment of packets under
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the <a href="#Interfaces">norfc1918 interface option</a>.</li>
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<li><b><a
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href="#Routestopped">routestopped</a></b> -- a parameter
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file in /etc/shorewall used to define those hosts that can
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access the firewall when Shorewall is stopped.</li>
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<li><a
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href="traffic_shaping.htm#tcrules"><b>tcrules</b> </a>-- a parameter
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file in /etc/shorewall used to define rules for classifying
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packets for <a href="traffic_shaping.htm">Traffic Shaping/Control</a>.</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#Tunnels">tunnels</a></b> -- a parameter file in
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/etc/shorewall used to define IPSec tunnels.</li>
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<li><b> <a
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href="#Starting">shorewall</a> </b> -- a shell program
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(requiring a Bourne shell or derivative) used to
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control and monitor the firewall. This should be placed in
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/sbin or in /usr/sbin (the install.sh script and the
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rpm install this file in /sbin).</li>
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<li><b> version</b> --
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a file created in /etc/shorewall/ (/var/lib/shorewall
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in version 1.3.2-1.3.8 and /usr/lib/shorewall beginning
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in version 1.3.9) that describes the version of Shorewall
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installed on your system.</li>
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</ul>
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<h2><a name="Variables"></a> /etc/shorewall/params</h2>
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<p>You may use the file /etc/shorewall/params file to set shell variables
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that you can then use in some of the other configuration
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files.</p>
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<p>It is suggested that variable names begin with an upper case letter<font
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size="1"> </font>to distinguish them from variables used internally
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within the Shorewall programs</p>
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<p>Example:</p>
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2003-02-08 21:48:47 +01:00
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<pre><font face="Courier"> NET_IF=eth0<br> NET_BCAST=130.252.100.255<br> NET_OPTIONS=blacklist,norfc1918</font></pre>
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<p>Example (/etc/shorewall/interfaces record):</p>
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<pre> <font face="Courier">net $NET_IF $NET_BCAST $NET_OPTIONS</font></pre>
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<p>The result will be the same as if the record had been written</p>
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2003-02-08 21:48:47 +01:00
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<pre> <font face="Courier">net eth0 130.252.100.255 blacklist,norfc1918</font></pre>
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<p>Variables may be used anywhere in the other configuration
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files.</p>
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<h2><b><a name="Zones"></a> </b>/etc/shorewall/zones</h2>
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<p>This file is used to define the network zones. There is one entry
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in /etc/shorewall/zones for each zone; Columns in
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an entry are:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><b> ZONE</b> - short
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name for the zone. The name should be 5 characters or
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less in length (4 characters or less if you are running Shorewall
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1.4.4 or later) and consist of lower-case letters or numbers.
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Short names must begin with a letter and the name assigned
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to the firewall is reserved for use by Shorewall itself.
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Note that the output produced by iptables is much easier
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to read if you select short names that are three characters or
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less in length. The name "all" may not be used as a zone
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name nor may the zone name assigned to the firewall itself via the
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FW variable in <a href="#Conf">/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</a>.</li>
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<li><b> DISPLAY</b> - The
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name of the zone as displayed during Shorewall startup.</li>
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<li><b> COMMENTS</b> -
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Any comments that you want to make about the zone.
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Shorewall ignores these comments.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>The /etc/shorewall/zones file released with Shorewall is as follows:</p>
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<table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse;" cellpadding="2">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
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<td><b> DISPLAY</b></td>
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<td><b> COMMENTS</b></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>net</td>
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<td>Net</td>
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<td>Internet</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>loc</td>
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<td>Local</td>
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<td>Local networks</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>dmz</td>
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<td>DMZ</td>
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<td>Demilitarized
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zone</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p>You may add, delete and modify entries in the /etc/shorewall/zones file
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as desired so long as you have at least one zone
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defined.</p>
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<p><b><font size="5" color="#ff0000"> Warning 1: </font><font
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color="#ff0000"> If you rename or delete a zone, you should perform "shorewall
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stop; shorewall start" to install the change rather
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than "shorewall restart".</font></b></p>
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|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p><b><font size="5" color="#ff0000">Warning 2: </font><font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
color="#ff0000">The order of entries in the /etc/shorewall/zones file is
|
|
|
|
|
|
significant <a href="#Nested">in some cases</a>.</font></b></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><font color="#660066"><a name="Interfaces"></a> </font>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>This file is used to tell the firewall which of your firewall's network
|
|
|
|
|
|
interfaces are connected to which zone. There will
|
|
|
|
|
|
be one entry in /etc/shorewall/interfaces for each of your
|
|
|
|
|
|
interfaces. Columns in an entry are:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b> ZONE</b> - A zone
|
|
|
|
|
|
defined in the <a href="#Zones">/etc/shorewall/zones</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
file or "-". If you specify "-", you must use the
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="#Hosts"> /etc/shorewall/hosts</a> file to
|
|
|
|
|
|
define the zones accessed via this interface.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> INTERFACE</b> -
|
|
|
|
|
|
the name of the interface (examples: eth0, ppp0, ipsec+).
|
|
|
|
|
|
Each interface can be listed on only one record in this file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<font color="#ff0000"><b>D</b><b>O NOT INCLUDE THE LOOPBACK
|
|
|
|
|
|
INTERFACE (lo) IN THIS FILE!!!</b></font></li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> BROADCAST</b> -
|
|
|
|
|
|
the broadcast address(es) for the sub-network(s) attached
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the interface. This should be left empty for P-T-P interfaces
|
|
|
|
|
|
(ppp*, ippp*); if you need to specify options for such an
|
|
|
|
|
|
interface, enter "-" in this column. If you supply the special
|
|
|
|
|
|
value "detect" in this column, the firewall will automatically
|
|
|
|
|
|
determine the broadcast address. In order to use "detect":
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>the interface must be up before you start your firewall</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>the interface must only
|
|
|
|
|
|
be attached to a single sub-network (i.e., there must
|
|
|
|
|
|
have a single broadcast address). </li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> OPTIONS</b> - a
|
|
|
|
|
|
comma-separated list of options. Possible options
|
|
|
|
|
|
include:<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>routeback </b>(Added in version 1.4.2) - This option causes
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorewall to set up handling for routing packets that arrive on this
|
|
|
|
|
|
interface back out the same interface. If this option is specified, the
|
|
|
|
|
|
ZONE column may not contain "-".<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> <b>tcpflags </b>(added in version 1.3.11) - This option causes Shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
to make sanity checks on the header flags in TCP packets arriving on this
|
|
|
|
|
|
interface. Checks include Null flags, SYN+FIN, SYN+RST and FIN+URG+PSH; these
|
|
|
|
|
|
flag combinations are typically used for "silent" port scans. Packets failing
|
|
|
|
|
|
these checks are logged according to the TCP_FLAGS_LOG_LEVEL option in<a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="#Conf"> /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</a> and are disposed of according
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the TCP_FLAGS_DISPOSITION option.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
blacklist</b> - This option causes incoming
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets on this interface to be checked against
|
|
|
|
|
|
the <a href="#Blacklist">blacklist</a>.<b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
dhcp</b> - The interface is
|
|
|
|
|
|
assigned an IP address via DHCP or is used by a DHCP
|
|
|
|
|
|
server running on the firewall. The firewall will be
|
|
|
|
|
|
configured to allow DHCP traffic to and from the interface
|
|
|
|
|
|
even when the firewall is stopped. You may also wish to use
|
|
|
|
|
|
this option if you have a static IP but you are on a LAN segment
|
|
|
|
|
|
that has a lot of Laptops that use DHCP and you select the
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>norfc1918 </b>option (see below).</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> <b>norfc1918</b> - Packets arriving on this interface and that
|
|
|
|
|
|
have a source address that is reserved in RFC 1918 or in other
|
|
|
|
|
|
RFCs will be dropped after being optionally logged.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If <a href="#Conf">packet mangling is enabled in /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
, then packets arriving on this interface that
|
|
|
|
|
|
have a destination address that is reserved by one of these
|
|
|
|
|
|
RFCs will also be logged and dropped.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Addresses blocked by the standard
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="#rfc1918"> <b>rfc1918 </b>file</a> include
|
|
|
|
|
|
those addresses reserved by RFC1918 plus other ranges reserved
|
|
|
|
|
|
by the IANA or by other RFCs.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> Beware that as IPv4 addresses become in increasingly short supply,
|
|
|
|
|
|
ISPs are beginning to use RFC 1918 addresses within
|
|
|
|
|
|
their own infrastructure. Also, many cable and DSL
|
|
|
|
|
|
"modems" have an RFC 1918 address that can be used through
|
|
|
|
|
|
a web browser for management and monitoring functions. If
|
|
|
|
|
|
you want to specify <b>norfc1918</b> on your external interface
|
|
|
|
|
|
but need to allow access to certain addresses from the
|
|
|
|
|
|
above list, see <a href="FAQ.htm#faq14">FAQ 14.</a></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> <b> routefilter</b> - Invoke the Kernel's route filtering
|
|
|
|
|
|
(anti-spoofing) facility on this interface. The kernel
|
|
|
|
|
|
will reject any packets incoming on this interface that
|
|
|
|
|
|
have a source address that would be routed outbound through
|
|
|
|
|
|
another interface on the firewall. <font
|
|
|
|
|
|
color="#ff0000">Warning: </font>If you specify this option
|
|
|
|
|
|
for an interface then the interface must be up prior to starting
|
|
|
|
|
|
the firewall.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> <b>dropunclean</b> - Packets from this interface that
|
|
|
|
|
|
are selected by the 'unclean' match target in iptables will
|
|
|
|
|
|
be <a href="#LogUnclean">optionally logged</a> and then dropped.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<font color="#ff0000"><b>Warning: This feature requires
|
|
|
|
|
|
that UNCLEAN match support be configured in your
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
kernel, either in the kernel itself or as a module. UNCLEAN
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
support is broken in some versions of the kernel but
|
|
|
|
|
|
appears to work ok in 2.4.17-rc1.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Update 12/17/2001:
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></font>The unclean match patch from
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
2.4.17-rc1 is <a
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
href="ftp://ftp.shorewall.net/pub/shorewall/misc/unclean.patch">available
|
|
|
|
|
|
for download</a>. I am currently
|
|
|
|
|
|
running this patch applied to kernel
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.4.16.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><font color="#ff0000"><b>Update 12/20/2001: </b></font>I've
|
|
|
|
|
|
seen a number of tcp connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests with OPT (020405B4<u>0000080A</u>...)
|
|
|
|
|
|
being dropped in the <i>badpkt</i> chain. This
|
|
|
|
|
|
appears to be a bug in the remote TCP stack whereby it
|
|
|
|
|
|
is 8-byte aligning a timestamp (TCP option 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
but rather than padding with 0x01 it is padding
|
|
|
|
|
|
with 0x00. It's a tough call whether to deny people
|
|
|
|
|
|
access to your servers because of this rather minor
|
|
|
|
|
|
bug in their networking software. If you wish to disable
|
|
|
|
|
|
the check that causes these connections to be
|
|
|
|
|
|
dropped, <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="ftp://ftp.shorewall.net/pub/shorewall/misc/unclean1.patch">here's
|
|
|
|
|
|
a kernel patch</a> against 2.4.17-rc2.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b>logunclean </b>- This option works like <b>dropunclean</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
with the exception that packets
|
|
|
|
|
|
selected by the 'unclean' match target
|
|
|
|
|
|
in iptables are logged <i>but not dropped</i>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The level at which the packets are logged is determined
|
|
|
|
|
|
by the setting of <a href="#LogUnclean">LOGUNCLEAN</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
and if LOGUNCLEAN has not been set, "info" is assumed.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b>proxyarp </b>(Added in version 1.3.5) - This option causes
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorewall to set /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/<i><interface></i>/proxy_arp
|
|
|
|
|
|
and is used when implementing
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proxy ARP Sub-netting as described
|
|
|
|
|
|
at <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/Proxy-ARP-Subnet/">
|
|
|
|
|
|
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/Proxy-ARP-Subnet/</a>. Do <u>
|
|
|
|
|
|
not</u> set this option if you are implementing
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proxy ARP through entries in <a href="#ProxyArp">
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/proxyarp</a>.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>maclist</b> (Added in version
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.3.10) - If this option is specified, all connection requests
|
|
|
|
|
|
from this interface are subject to <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="MAC_Validation.html">MAC Verification</a>. May only be specified
|
|
|
|
|
|
for ethernet interfaces.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-12-28 16:38:03 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p>My recommendations concerning options:<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-12-28 16:38:03 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>External Interface -- <b>tcpflags,blacklist,norfc1918,routefilter</b></li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Wireless Interface -- <b>maclist,routefilter,tcpflags</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Don't use <b>dropunclean</b> --
|
|
|
|
|
|
It's broken in my opinion</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Use <b>logunclean</b> only when
|
|
|
|
|
|
you are trying to debug a problem</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Use <b>dhcp </b>and <b>proxyarp</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
when needed.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-12-28 16:38:03 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-12-28 16:38:03 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> </p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Example 1: You have a conventional firewall setup in which eth0 connects
|
|
|
|
|
|
to a Cable or DSL modem and eth1 connects to your
|
|
|
|
|
|
local network and eth0 gets its IP address via DHCP.
|
|
|
|
|
|
You want to check all packets entering from the internet
|
|
|
|
|
|
against the <a href="#Blacklist">black list</a>. Your /etc/shorewall/interfaces
|
|
|
|
|
|
file would be as follows:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> BROADCAST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> OPTIONS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>detect</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>dhcp,norfc1918,blacklist</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>detect</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Example 2: You have a standalone dialup GNU/Linux System. Your /etc/shorewall/interfaces
|
|
|
|
|
|
file would be:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> BROADCAST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> OPTIONS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ppp0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Example 3: You have local interface eth1 with two IP addresses -
|
|
|
|
|
|
192.168.1.1/24 and 192.168.12.1/24</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> BROADCAST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> OPTIONS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>192.168.1.255,192.168.12.255</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2><font color="#660066"><a name="Hosts"></a> </font>/etc/shorewall/hosts
|
|
|
|
|
|
Configuration</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>For most applications, specifying zones entirely in terms of network
|
|
|
|
|
|
interfaces is sufficient. There may be times though where you need to
|
|
|
|
|
|
define a zone to be a more general collection of hosts. This is the purpose
|
|
|
|
|
|
of the /etc/shorewall/hosts file.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b><font color="#ff0000">WARNING: </font>The only times that you need
|
|
|
|
|
|
entries in /etc/shorewall/hosts are:<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<ol>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>You have more than one zone connecting through a single
|
|
|
|
|
|
interface; or</b></li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>You have a zone that has multiple subnetworks that connect
|
|
|
|
|
|
through a single interface and you want the Shorewall box to route traffic
|
|
|
|
|
|
between those subnetworks.</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</ol>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<b>IF YOU DON'T HAVE EITHER OF THOSE SITUATIONS THEN DON'T TOUCH
|
|
|
|
|
|
THIS FILE!!</b>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>Columns in this file are:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b> ZONE </b> - A zone
|
|
|
|
|
|
defined in the <a href="#Zones">/etc/shorewall/zones</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
file.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> HOST(S)</b> - The
|
|
|
|
|
|
name of a network interface followed by a colon (":")
|
|
|
|
|
|
followed by either:</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ol>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>An IP
|
|
|
|
|
|
address (example - eth1:192.168.1.3)</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>A subnet
|
|
|
|
|
|
in CIDR notation<i> </i>(example -
|
|
|
|
|
|
eth2:192.168.2.0/24)</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ol>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>The interface name much match an entry in /etc/shorewall/interfaces.</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b> OPTIONS</b> - A
|
|
|
|
|
|
comma-separated list of option</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b>routeback </b>(Added in version 1.4.2) - This option causes Shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
to set up handling for routing packets sent by this host group back back
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the same group.<b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
maclist - </b>Added in version 1.3.10. If specified, connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests from the hosts specified in this entry are subject
|
|
|
|
|
|
to <a href="MAC_Validation.html">MAC Verification</a>. This option
|
|
|
|
|
|
is only valid for ethernet interfaces.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>If you don't define any hosts for a zone, the hosts in the zone default
|
|
|
|
|
|
to i0:0.0.0.0/0 , i1:0.0.0.0/0, ... where i0, i1,
|
|
|
|
|
|
... are the interfaces to the zone.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b><font size="4" color="#ff0000">Note: </font></b> You probably DON'T
|
|
|
|
|
|
want to specify any hosts for your internet zone since the hosts
|
|
|
|
|
|
that you specify will be the only ones that you will be able to access
|
|
|
|
|
|
without adding additional rules.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p>Example 1:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Your local interface is eth1 and you have two groups of local hosts that
|
|
|
|
|
|
you want to make into separate zones:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>192.168.1.0/25 </li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>192.168.1.128/</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p>Your /etc/shorewall/interfaces file might look like:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> BROADCAST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> OPTIONS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>detect</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>dhcp,norfc1918</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>192.168.1.127,192.168.1.255<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> The '-' in the ZONE column for eth1 tells Shorewall that eth1 interfaces
|
|
|
|
|
|
to multiple zones.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> Your /etc/shorewall/hosts file might look like:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica">
|
|
|
|
|
|
</font>
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> HOST(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> OPTIONS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc1</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1:192.168.1.0/25</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc2</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1:192.168.1.128/25</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p>Example 2:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Your local interface is eth1 and you have two groups of local hosts that
|
|
|
|
|
|
you want to consider as one zone and you want Shorewall to route between
|
|
|
|
|
|
them:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>192.168.1.0/25 </li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>192.168.1.128/25</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> Your /etc/shorewall/interfaces file might look like:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> BROADCAST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> OPTIONS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>detect</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>dhcp,norfc1918</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>192.168.1.127,192.168.1.255<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> Your /etc/shorewall/hosts file might look like:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica">
|
|
|
|
|
|
</font>
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> HOST(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> OPTIONS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1:192.168.1.0/25</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1:192.168.1.128/25</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h4><font color="#660066"><a name="Nested"></a> Nested and Overlapping
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zones</font></h4>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> The /etc/shorewall/interfaces and /etc/shorewall/hosts file allow you
|
|
|
|
|
|
to define nested or overlapping zones. Such overlapping/nested zones
|
|
|
|
|
|
are allowed and Shorewall processes zones in the order that
|
|
|
|
|
|
they appear in the /etc/shorewall/zones file. So if you have
|
|
|
|
|
|
nested zones, you want the sub-zone to appear before the
|
|
|
|
|
|
super-zone and in the case of overlapping zones, the rules
|
|
|
|
|
|
that will apply to hosts that belong to both zones is determined
|
|
|
|
|
|
by which zone appears first in /etc/shorewall/zones.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> Hosts that belong to more than one zone may be managed by the rules
|
|
|
|
|
|
of all of those zones. This is done through use of
|
|
|
|
|
|
the special <a href="#CONTINUE">CONTINUE policy</a> described
|
|
|
|
|
|
below.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2><font color="#660066"><a name="Policy"></a> </font>/etc/shorewall/policy
|
|
|
|
|
|
Configuration.</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>This file is used to describe the firewall policy regarding establishment
|
|
|
|
|
|
of connections. Connection establishment is described
|
|
|
|
|
|
in terms of <i>clients</i> who initiate connections and
|
|
|
|
|
|
<i> servers </i>who receive those connection requests.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Policies defined in /etc/shorewall/policy describe which
|
|
|
|
|
|
zones are allowed to establish connections with other zones.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Policies established in /etc/shorewall/policy can be viewed as default
|
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|
|
policies. If no rule in /etc/shorewall/rules applies
|
|
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|
|
to a particular connection request then the policy from
|
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|
|
/etc/shorewall/policy is applied.</p>
|
|
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|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>Four policies are defined:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
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|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
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|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b> ACCEPT</b> - The
|
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|
connection is allowed.</li>
|
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|
<li><b> DROP</b> - The
|
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|
connection request is ignored.</li>
|
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|
<li><b> REJECT</b> - The
|
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|
|
connection request is rejected with an RST (TCP) or an
|
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|
|
ICMP destination-unreachable packet being returned
|
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|
to the client.</li>
|
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|
<li><b> CONTINUE </b> -
|
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|
The connection is neither ACCEPTed, DROPped nor REJECTed.
|
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|
|
CONTINUE may be used when one or both of the zones named
|
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|
|
in the entry are sub-zones of or intersect with another zone.
|
|
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For more information, see below.</li>
|
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|
|
<li><b>NONE</b> - (Added in version 1.4.1) - Shorewall should
|
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|
|
not set up any infrastructure for handling traffic from the SOURCE zone
|
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|
|
to the DEST zone. When this policy is specified, the <b>LOG LEVEL </b>and
|
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|
<b>BURST:LIMIT </b>columns must be left blank.<br>
|
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|
|
</li>
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|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
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</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> For each policy specified in /etc/shorewall/policy, you can indicate
|
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|
|
that you want a message sent to your system log
|
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|
|
|
each time that the policy is applied.</p>
|
|
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|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> Entries in /etc/shorewall/policy have four columns as follows:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ol>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li> <b> SOURCE</b> - The name of a client zone
|
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|
|
(a zone defined in the <a href="#Zones"> /etc/shorewall/zones
|
|
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|
|
|
file</a> , the <a href="#Conf">name of the firewall
|
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|
|
zone</a> or "all").</li>
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
<li> <b> DEST</b> - The name of a destination zone
|
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|
|
(a zone defined in the <a href="#Zones"> /etc/shorewall/zones
|
|
|
|
|
|
file</a> , the <a href="#Conf">name of the firewall zone</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
or "all"). Shorewall automatically allows all traffic from the
|
|
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|
|
|
firewall to itself so the <a href="#Conf">name of the firewall zone</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
cannot appear in both the SOURCE and DEST columns.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li> <b> POLICY</b> - The default policy for connection
|
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|
|
requests from the SOURCE zone to the DESTINATION zone.</li>
|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
<li> <b> LOG LEVEL</b> - Optional. If left empty,
|
|
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|
|
|
no log message is generated when the policy is applied.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Otherwise, this column should contain an integer or name
|
|
|
|
|
|
indicating a <a href="shorewall_logging.html">syslog level</a>.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li> <b>LIMIT:BURST </b>- Optional. If left
|
|
|
|
|
|
empty, TCP connection requests from the <b>SOURCE</b> zone
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the <b>DEST</b> zone will not be rate-limited. Otherwise,
|
|
|
|
|
|
this column specifies the maximum rate at which TCP connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests will be accepted followed by a colon (":") followed
|
|
|
|
|
|
by the maximum burst size that will be tolerated. Example:
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b> 10/sec:40</b> specifies that the maximum rate of TCP connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests allowed will be 10 per second and a burst of 40 connections
|
|
|
|
|
|
will be tolerated. Connection requests in excess of these limits
|
|
|
|
|
|
will be dropped.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ol>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> In the SOURCE and DEST columns, you can enter "all" to indicate all
|
|
|
|
|
|
zones. </p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> The policy file installed by default is as follows:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica">
|
|
|
|
|
|
</font>
|
2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> POLICY</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> LOG LEVEL</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>LIMIT:BURST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ACCEPT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DROP</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>info</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>REJECT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>info</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> This table may be interpreted as follows:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>All connection requests
|
|
|
|
|
|
from the local network to hosts on the internet
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
are accepted.</li>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>All connection requests
|
|
|
|
|
|
originating from the internet are ignored and logged
|
|
|
|
|
|
at level KERNEL.INFO.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>All other connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests are rejected and logged.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p><b><font size="4" color="#ff0000">WARNING:</font></b></p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><font color="#ff0000"><b> The firewall script processes</b> <b> the
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/policy file from top to bottom and
|
|
|
|
|
|
<u>uses the first applicable policy that it finds.</u>
|
|
|
|
|
|
For example, in the following policy file, the policy
|
|
|
|
|
|
for (loc, loc) connections would be ACCEPT as specified in
|
|
|
|
|
|
the first entry even though the third entry in the file specifies
|
|
|
|
|
|
REJECT.</b></font></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>POLICY</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>LOG LEVEL</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>LIMIT:BURST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ACCEPT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DROP</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>info</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>REJECT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>info</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<h4><a name="IntraZone"></a>IntraZone Traffic</h4>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
Shorewall allows a zone to be associated with more than one interface
|
|
|
|
|
|
or with multiple networks that interface through a single interface.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning with Shorewall 1.4.1, Shorewall will ACCEPT all traffic from
|
|
|
|
|
|
a zone to itself provided that there is no explicit policy governing traffic
|
|
|
|
|
|
from that zone to itself (an explicit policy does not specify "all" in
|
|
|
|
|
|
either the SOURCE or DEST column) and that there are no rules concerning
|
|
|
|
|
|
connections from that zone to itself. If there is an explicit policy or
|
|
|
|
|
|
if there are one or more rules, then traffic within the zone is handled
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
just like traffic between zones is.<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Any time that you have multiple interfaces associated with a single zone,
|
|
|
|
|
|
you should ask yourself if you really want traffic routed between those
|
|
|
|
|
|
interfaces. Cases where you might not want that behavior are:<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<ol>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>Multiple 'net' interfaces to different ISPs. You don't
|
|
|
|
|
|
want to route traffic from one ISP to the other through your firewall.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Multiple VPN clients. You don't necessarily want them to
|
|
|
|
|
|
all be able to communicate between themselves using your gateway/router.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</ol>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h4><font color="#660066"><a name="CONTINUE"></a> The CONTINUE
|
|
|
|
|
|
policy</font></h4>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> Where zones are <a href="#Nested">nested or overlapping</a> , the
|
|
|
|
|
|
CONTINUE policy allows hosts that are within multiple
|
|
|
|
|
|
zones to be managed under the rules of all of these zones.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Let's look at an example:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> /etc/shorewall/zones:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> DISPLAY</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> COMMENTS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>sam</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>Sam</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>Sam's system at
|
|
|
|
|
|
home</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>Internet</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>The Internet</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>Loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>Local Network</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> /etc/shorewall/interfaces:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> BROADCAST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> OPTIONS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>detect</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>dhcp,norfc1918</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>detect</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> /etc/shorewall/hosts:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ZONE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> HOST(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> OPTIONS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0:0.0.0.0/0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>sam</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0:206.191.149.197</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> Note that Sam's home system is a member of both the <b>sam</b> zone
|
|
|
|
|
|
and the <b>net</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
zone and <a href="#Nested"> as described above</a> , that
|
|
|
|
|
|
means that <b>sam</b> must be listed before <b>net</b> in
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/zones.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> /etc/shorewall/policy:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font><font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> POLICY</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> LOG LEVEL</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ACCEPT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>sam</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>CONTINUE</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DROP</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>info</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>REJECT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>info</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> The second entry above says that when Sam is the client, connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests should first be process under rules where
|
|
|
|
|
|
the source zone is <b>sam</b> and if there is no match then
|
|
|
|
|
|
the connection request should be treated under rules where
|
|
|
|
|
|
the source zone is <b>net</b>. It is important that this policy
|
|
|
|
|
|
be listed BEFORE the next policy (<b>net</b> to <b>all</b>).</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> Partial /etc/shorewall/rules:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
|
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font><font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-23 19:47:54 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ACTION</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> PROTO</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>...</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DNAT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>sam</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc:192.168.1.3</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ssh</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DNAT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc:192.168.1.5</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>www</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>...</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> Given these two rules, Sam can connect to the firewall's internet interface
|
|
|
|
|
|
with ssh and the connection request will be forwarded
|
|
|
|
|
|
to 192.168.1.3. Like all hosts in the <b>net</b> zone,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sam can connect to the firewall's internet interface on
|
|
|
|
|
|
TCP port 80 and the connection request will be forwarded to
|
|
|
|
|
|
192.168.1.5. The order of the rules is not significant.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> <a name="Exclude"></a>Sometimes it is necessary to suppress port forwarding
|
|
|
|
|
|
for a sub-zone. For example, suppose that all hosts
|
|
|
|
|
|
can SSH to the firewall and be forwarded to 192.168.1.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
EXCEPT Sam. When Sam connects to the firewall's external IP,
|
|
|
|
|
|
he should be connected to the firewall itself. Because of
|
|
|
|
|
|
the way that Netfilter is constructed, this requires two rules
|
|
|
|
|
|
as follows:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2003-01-14 21:32:45 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> </p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<font face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica">
|
|
|
|
|
|
</font><font face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-24 21:12:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ACTION</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> PROTO</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>...</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DNAT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>sam</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>fw</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ssh</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DNAT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net!sam</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc:192.168.1.3</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ssh</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>...</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The first rule allows Sam SSH access to the firewall. The second
|
|
|
|
|
|
rule says that any clients from the net zone
|
|
|
|
|
|
with the exception of those in the 'sam'
|
|
|
|
|
|
zone should have their connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
port forwarded to 192.168.1.3. If
|
|
|
|
|
|
you need to exclude more than
|
|
|
|
|
|
one zone in this way, you
|
|
|
|
|
|
can list the zones separated by commas
|
|
|
|
|
|
(e.g., net!sam,joe,fred). This technique also
|
|
|
|
|
|
may be used when the ACTION is
|
|
|
|
|
|
REDIRECT.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><font color="#660066"><a name="Rules"></a> </font>/etc/shorewall/rules</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The /etc/shorewall/rules file defines exceptions to the policies established
|
|
|
|
|
|
in the /etc/shorewall/policy file. There is one entry
|
|
|
|
|
|
in /etc/shorewall/rules for each of these rules. <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Shorewall automatically enables firewall->firewall traffic over the
|
|
|
|
|
|
loopback interface (lo) -- that traffic cannot be regulated
|
|
|
|
|
|
using rules and any rule that tries to regulate such traffic
|
|
|
|
|
|
will generate a warning and will be ignored.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>Entries in the file have the following columns:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>ACTION</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>ACCEPT, DROP, REJECT,
|
|
|
|
|
|
CONTINUE. These have the same meaning here as in the
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
policy file above.</li>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>DNAT -- Causes the
|
|
|
|
|
|
connection request to be forwarded to the system
|
|
|
|
|
|
specified in the DEST column (port forwarding). "DNAT" stands
|
|
|
|
|
|
for "<u>D</u>estination <u>N</u>etwork <u>A</u>ddress
|
|
|
|
|
|
<u>T</u>ranslation"</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>DNAT- -- The above ACTION (DNAT)
|
|
|
|
|
|
generates two iptables rules: 1) and header-rewriting rule
|
|
|
|
|
|
in the Netfilter 'nat' table and; 2) an ACCEPT rule in the Netfilter
|
|
|
|
|
|
'filter' table. DNAT- works like DNAT but only generates the
|
|
|
|
|
|
header-rewriting rule.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>REDIRECT -- Causes
|
|
|
|
|
|
the connection request to be redirected to a port on
|
|
|
|
|
|
the local (firewall) system.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>REDIRECT- -- The above ACTION (REDIRECT) generates two
|
|
|
|
|
|
iptables rules: 1) and header-rewriting rule in the Netfilter
|
|
|
|
|
|
'nat' table and; 2) an ACCEPT rule in the Netfilter 'filter' table.
|
|
|
|
|
|
REDIRECT- works like REDIRECT but only generates the header-rewriting
|
|
|
|
|
|
rule.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>LOG - Log the packet -- requires a syslog level
|
|
|
|
|
|
(see below).</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-12-28 16:38:03 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p>The ACTION may optionally be followed by ":" and a <a
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
href="shorewall_logging.html">syslog level</a> (example: REJECT:info).
|
|
|
|
|
|
This causes the packet to be logged at the specified level prior
|
|
|
|
|
|
to being processed according to the specified ACTION. Note: if the
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACTION is LOG then you MUST specify a syslog level.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
The use of DNAT or REDIRECT
|
|
|
|
|
|
requires that you have <a href="#NatEnabled">NAT enabled</a>.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>SOURCE</b> - Describes
|
|
|
|
|
|
the source hosts to which the rule applies.. The contents
|
|
|
|
|
|
of this field must begin with the name of a zone defined
|
|
|
|
|
|
in /etc/shorewall/zones, $FW or "all". If the ACTION is
|
|
|
|
|
|
DNAT or REDIRECT, sub-zones may be excluded from the rule by
|
|
|
|
|
|
following the initial zone name with "!' and a comma-separated
|
|
|
|
|
|
list of those sub-zones to be excluded. There is an <a
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
href="#Exclude">example</a> above.<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the source is not 'all'
|
|
|
|
|
|
then the source may be further restricted by adding a colon
|
|
|
|
|
|
(":") followed by a comma-separated list of qualifiers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Qualifiers are may include:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>An interface name -
|
|
|
|
|
|
refers to any connection requests arriving on
|
|
|
|
|
|
the specified interface (example loc:eth4). Beginning with
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorwall 1.3.9, the interface name may optionally be followed by
|
|
|
|
|
|
a colon (":") and an IP address or subnet (examples: loc:eth4:192.168.4.22,
|
|
|
|
|
|
net:eth0:192.0.2.0/24).</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>An IP address - refers
|
|
|
|
|
|
to a connection request from the host with
|
|
|
|
|
|
the specified address (example net:155.186.235.151). If the
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACTION is DNAT, this must not be a DNS name.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>A MAC Address in <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="configuration_file_basics.htm#MAC">Shorewall format</a>.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>A subnet - refers to
|
|
|
|
|
|
a connection request from any host in the specified
|
|
|
|
|
|
subnet (example net:155.186.235.0/24).</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>DEST</b> - Describes
|
|
|
|
|
|
the destination host(s) to which the rule applies. May
|
|
|
|
|
|
take most of the forms described above for SOURCE plus
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
the following two additional forms:
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>An IP address followed
|
|
|
|
|
|
by a colon and the port <u>number</u> that
|
|
|
|
|
|
the server is listening on (service names from /etc/services
|
|
|
|
|
|
are not allowed - example loc:192.168.1.3:80).
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>A single port number
|
|
|
|
|
|
(again, service names are not allowed) -- this form
|
|
|
|
|
|
is only allowed if the ACTION is REDIRECT and refers to a
|
|
|
|
|
|
server running on the firewall itself and listening
|
|
|
|
|
|
on the specified port.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
Restrictions:<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>MAC addresses may not be specified.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>In DNAT rules, only an IP address may be given --
|
|
|
|
|
|
DNS names are not permitted.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>You may not specify both an IP address and an interface
|
|
|
|
|
|
name in the DEST column.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> PROTO</b> - Protocol.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Must be a protocol name from /etc/protocols, a number or
|
|
|
|
|
|
"all". Specifies the protocol of the connection request.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> DEST PORT(S)</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Port or port range (<low port>:<high port>)
|
|
|
|
|
|
being connected to. May only be specified if the protocol
|
|
|
|
|
|
is tcp, udp or icmp. For icmp, this column's contents
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
are interpreted as an icmp type. If you don't want to specify
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
DEST PORT(S) but need to include information in one of the columns
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the right, enter "-" in this column. You may give a list of
|
|
|
|
|
|
ports and/or port ranges separated by commas. Port numbers may be
|
|
|
|
|
|
either integers or service names from /etc/services.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> SOURCE</b> <b>PORTS(S)
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b>- May be used to restrict the rule to a particular
|
|
|
|
|
|
client port or port range (a port range is specified as
|
|
|
|
|
|
<low port number>:<high port number>). If you don't
|
|
|
|
|
|
want to restrict client ports but want to specify something in
|
|
|
|
|
|
the next column, enter "-" in this column. If you wish to specify
|
|
|
|
|
|
a list of port number or ranges, separate the list elements
|
|
|
|
|
|
with commas (with no embedded white space). Port numbers may
|
|
|
|
|
|
be either integers or service names from /etc/services.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>ORIGINAL DEST</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
- This column may only be non-empty if the ACTION is DNAT
|
|
|
|
|
|
or REDIRECT.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If DNAT or REDIRECT is the
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACTION and the ORIGINAL DEST column is left empty,
|
|
|
|
|
|
any connection request arriving at the firewall from the
|
|
|
|
|
|
SOURCE that matches the rule will be forwarded or redirected.
|
|
|
|
|
|
This works fine for connection requests arriving from
|
|
|
|
|
|
the internet where the firewall has only a single external
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP address. When the firewall has multiple external IP addresses
|
|
|
|
|
|
or when the SOURCE is other than the internet, there will
|
|
|
|
|
|
usually be a desire for the rule to only apply to those connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests directed to particular IP addresses (see Example 2
|
|
|
|
|
|
below for another usage). Those IP addresses are specified in the
|
|
|
|
|
|
ORIGINAL DEST column as a comma-separated list.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
The IP address(es) may be
|
|
|
|
|
|
optionally followed by ":" and a second IP address.
|
|
|
|
|
|
This latter address, if present, is used as the source
|
|
|
|
|
|
address for packets forwarded to the server (This is called
|
|
|
|
|
|
"Source NAT" or SNAT.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this list begins with "!" then the rule will only apply if the original
|
|
|
|
|
|
destination address matches none of the addresses listed.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b><font color="#ff6633">Note: </font> When
|
|
|
|
|
|
using SNAT, it is a good idea to qualify the source with an IP address
|
|
|
|
|
|
or subnet. Otherwise, it is likely that SNAT will occur on connections
|
|
|
|
|
|
other than those described in the rule. The reason for this is
|
|
|
|
|
|
that SNAT occurs in the Netfilter POSTROUTING hook where it is
|
|
|
|
|
|
not possible to restrict the scope of a rule by incoming interface.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b>Example: DNAT
|
|
|
|
|
|
loc<u>:192.168.1.0/24</u> loc:192.168.1.3 tcp
|
|
|
|
|
|
www - 206.124.146.179:192.168.1.3<b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b>If SNAT is not
|
|
|
|
|
|
used (no ":" and second IP address), the original
|
|
|
|
|
|
source address is used. If you want any destination address
|
|
|
|
|
|
to match the rule but want to specify SNAT, simply use a
|
|
|
|
|
|
colon followed by the SNAT address.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p><b> <font face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> <a
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
name="PortForward"></a> </font>Example 1. </b> You wish to forward all
|
|
|
|
|
|
ssh connection requests from the internet to local
|
|
|
|
|
|
system 192.168.1.3. </p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ACTION</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> PROTO</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DNAT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc:192.168.1.3</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ssh</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b> Example 2. </b> You want to redirect all local www connection requests
|
|
|
|
|
|
EXCEPT
|
|
|
|
|
|
those to your own http server (206.124.146.177)
|
|
|
|
|
|
to a Squid transparent proxy
|
|
|
|
|
|
running on the firewall and listening on port 3128. Squid will
|
|
|
|
|
|
of course require access to remote web servers. This example shows
|
|
|
|
|
|
yet another use for the ORIGINAL
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST column; here, connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests that were NOT
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="#GettingStarted"> (notice the "!")</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
originally destined to 206.124.146.177 are
|
|
|
|
|
|
redirected to local port 3128.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ACTION</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> PROTO</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>REDIRECT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>3128</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>www</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> -<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>!206.124.146.177</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ACCEPT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>fw</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>www</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b>Example 3. </b> You want to run a web server at 155.186.235.222 in
|
|
|
|
|
|
your DMZ and have it accessible remotely and locally. the DMZ is managed
|
|
|
|
|
|
by Proxy ARP or by classical sub-netting.</p>
|
|
|
|
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|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
|
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font><font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-02-08 21:48:47 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ACTION</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> PROTO</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ACCEPT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>dmz:155.186.235.222</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>www</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
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|
|
<td> <br>
|
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|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ACCEPT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>dmz:155.186.235.222</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>www</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2003-02-08 21:48:47 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b> Example 4. </b> You want to run wu-ftpd on 192.168.2.2 in your masqueraded
|
|
|
|
|
|
DMZ. Your internet interface address is 155.186.235.151
|
|
|
|
|
|
and you want the FTP server to be accessible from the
|
|
|
|
|
|
internet in addition to the local 192.168.1.0/24 and dmz
|
|
|
|
|
|
192.168.2.0/24 subnetworks. Note that since the server is
|
|
|
|
|
|
in the 192.168.2.0/24 subnetwork, we can assume that access
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the server from that subnet will not involve the firewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
(<a href="FAQ.htm#faq2">but see FAQ 2</a>). Note that unless you
|
|
|
|
|
|
have more than one external IP
|
|
|
|
|
|
address, you can leave the ORIGINAL
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST column blank in the first
|
|
|
|
|
|
rule. You cannot leave
|
|
|
|
|
|
it blank in the second
|
|
|
|
|
|
rule though because
|
|
|
|
|
|
then <u>all ftp connections</u> originating in the local
|
|
|
|
|
|
subnet 192.168.1.0/24 would be sent to 192.168.2.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
<u> regardless of the site that
|
|
|
|
|
|
the user was trying to
|
|
|
|
|
|
connect to</u>. That is
|
|
|
|
|
|
clearly not what you
|
|
|
|
|
|
want <img
|
|
|
|
|
|
border="0" src="images/SY00079.gif" width="20" height="20" align="top">
|
|
|
|
|
|
.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-02-08 21:48:47 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
|
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font><font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ACTION</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> PROTO</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DNAT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>net</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>dmz:192.168.2.2</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ftp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>DNAT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc:192.168.1.0/24</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>dmz:192.168.2.2</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ftp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>155.186.235.151</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>If you are running wu-ftpd, you should restrict the range of passive
|
|
|
|
|
|
in your /etc/ftpaccess file. I only need a few simultaneous FTP sessions
|
|
|
|
|
|
so I use port range 65500-65535. In /etc/ftpaccess,
|
|
|
|
|
|
this entry is appropriate:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2003-02-08 21:48:47 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> passive ports 0.0.0.0/0 65500 65534</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>If you are running pure-ftpd, you would include "-p 65500:65534" on
|
|
|
|
|
|
the pure-ftpd runline.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The important point here is to ensure that the port range used for FTP
|
|
|
|
|
|
passive connections is unique and will not overlap
|
|
|
|
|
|
with any usage on the firewall system.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b>Example 5. </b>You wish to allow unlimited
|
|
|
|
|
|
DMZ access to the host with MAC address
|
|
|
|
|
|
02:00:08:E3:FA:55.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<blockquote> <font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
face="Century Gothic, Arial, Helvetica"> </font>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ACTION</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> PROTO</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ACCEPT</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>loc:~02-00-08-E3-FA-55</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>dmz</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<b>Example 6.</b> You wish to allow access to the SMTP
|
|
|
|
|
|
server in your DMZ from all zones.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>ACTION</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>PROTO<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">ACCEPT<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">all<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">dmz<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">tcp<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">25<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note: When 'all' is used as a source
|
|
|
|
|
|
or destination, intra-zone traffic is not affected. In this
|
|
|
|
|
|
example, if there were two DMZ interfaces then the above rule
|
|
|
|
|
|
would NOT enable SMTP traffic between hosts on these interfaces.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>Example 7. </b>Your firewall's external
|
|
|
|
|
|
interface has several IP addresses but you only want to accept SSH connections
|
|
|
|
|
|
on address 206.124.146.176.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>ACTION</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>PROTO<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">ACCEPT<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">net<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">fw:206.124.146.176<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">tcp<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">22<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>Example 8 (For advanced users running Shorewall version 1.3.13
|
|
|
|
|
|
or later). </b>From the internet, you with to forward tcp port
|
|
|
|
|
|
25 directed to 192.0.2.178 and 192.0.2.179 to host 192.0.2.177
|
|
|
|
|
|
in your DMZ. You also want to allow access from the internet directly
|
|
|
|
|
|
to tcp port 25 on 192.0.2.177. <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>ACTION</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>PROTO<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><b>ORIGINAL<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
DEST<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">DNAT-<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">net<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">dmz:192.0.2.177<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">tcp<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">25<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">0<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">192.0.2.178<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">DNAT-<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">net<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">dmz:192.0.2.177<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">tcp<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">25<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">0<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">192.0.2.179<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">ACCEPT<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">net<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">dmz:192.0.2.177<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">tcp<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top">25<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td valign="top"><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2003-01-14 21:32:45 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Using "DNAT-" rather than "DNAT" avoids two
|
|
|
|
|
|
extra copies of the third rule from being generated.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="ports.htm">Look here for information on other services.</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="Common"> </a>/etc/shorewall/common</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Shorewall allows definition of rules that apply between
|
|
|
|
|
|
all zones. By default, these rules
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
are defined in the file
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/common.def
|
|
|
|
|
|
but may be modified to
|
|
|
|
|
|
suit individual
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
requirements. Rather than modify /etc/shorewall/common.def,
|
|
|
|
|
|
you should copy that
|
|
|
|
|
|
file to
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/common
|
|
|
|
|
|
and modify that file.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The /etc/shorewall/common
|
|
|
|
|
|
file is expected to contain iptables
|
|
|
|
|
|
commands; rather than
|
|
|
|
|
|
running iptables
|
|
|
|
|
|
directly, you should run
|
|
|
|
|
|
it indirectly using the
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorewall function 'run_iptables'.
|
|
|
|
|
|
That way, if iptables encounters
|
|
|
|
|
|
an error, the firewall will be safely
|
|
|
|
|
|
stopped.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="Masq"></a> /etc/shorewall/masq</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The /etc/shorewall/masq file is used to define classical IP Masquerading
|
|
|
|
|
|
and Source Network Address Translation (SNAT). There
|
|
|
|
|
|
is one entry in the file for each subnet that you want
|
|
|
|
|
|
to masquerade. In order to make use of this feature, you must
|
|
|
|
|
|
have <a href="#NatEnabled">NAT enabled</a> .</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> Columns are:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b> INTERFACE</b> -
|
|
|
|
|
|
The interface that will masquerade the subnet; this is
|
|
|
|
|
|
normally your internet interface. This interface name can
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
be optionally qualified by adding ":" and a subnet or host IP.
|
|
|
|
|
|
When this qualification is added, only packets addressed to
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
that host or subnet will be masqueraded. Beginning with Shorewall
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
version 1.3.14, if you have set ADD_SNAT_ALIASES=Yes in <a
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
href="#Conf">/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</a>, you can cause Shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
to create an alias <i>label </i>of the form <i>interfacename:digit
|
|
|
|
|
|
</i>(e.g., eth0:0) by placing that label in this column. See example
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 below. Alias labels created in this way allow the alias to be visible
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the ipconfig utility. <b>THAT IS THE ONLY THING THAT THIS LABEL
|
|
|
|
|
|
IS GOOD FOR AND IT MAY NOT APPEAR ANYWHERE ELSE IN YOUR SHOREWALL CONFIGURATION.</b></li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> SUBNET</b> - The
|
|
|
|
|
|
subnet that you want to have masqueraded through the
|
|
|
|
|
|
INTERFACE. This may be expressed as a single IP address,
|
|
|
|
|
|
a subnet or an interface name. In the latter instance, the
|
|
|
|
|
|
interface must be configured and started before Shorewall is
|
|
|
|
|
|
started as Shorewall will determine the subnet based on information
|
|
|
|
|
|
obtained from the 'ip' utility. <b><font color="#ff0000">When
|
|
|
|
|
|
using Shorewall 1.3.13 or earlier, when an interface name is specified,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorewall will only masquerade traffic from the first subnetwork on
|
|
|
|
|
|
the named interface; if the interface interfaces to more that one subnetwork,
|
|
|
|
|
|
you will need to add additional entries to this file for each of those
|
|
|
|
|
|
other subnetworks. Beginning with Shorewall 1.3.14, shorewall will masquerade/SNAT
|
|
|
|
|
|
traffic from any host that is routed through the named interface.</font></b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
The subnet may be optionally
|
|
|
|
|
|
followed by "!' and a comma-separated list of addresses
|
|
|
|
|
|
and/or subnets that are to be excluded from masquerading.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>ADDRESS</b> - The
|
|
|
|
|
|
source address to be used for outgoing packets. This
|
|
|
|
|
|
column is optional and if left blank, the current primary
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP address of the interface in the first column is used. If
|
|
|
|
|
|
you have a static IP on that interface, listing it here makes processing
|
|
|
|
|
|
of output packets a little less expensive for the firewall.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you specify an address in this column, it must be an IP address
|
|
|
|
|
|
configured on the INTERFACE or you must have ADD_SNAT_ALIASES enabled
|
|
|
|
|
|
in <a href="#Conf">/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf.</a></li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b> Example 1: </b> You have eth0 connected to a cable modem and eth1
|
|
|
|
|
|
connected to your local subnetwork 192.168.9.0/24.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Your /etc/shorewall/masq file would look like: </p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> SUBNET</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ADDRESS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>192.168.9.0/24</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b> Example 2:</b> You have a number of IPSEC tunnels through ipsec0
|
|
|
|
|
|
and you want to masquerade traffic from your 192.168.9.0/24
|
|
|
|
|
|
subnet to the remote subnet 10.1.0.0/16 only.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> SUBNET</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ADDRESS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ipsec0:10.1.0.0/16</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>192.168.9.0/24</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td> <br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b> Example 3:</b> You have a DSL line connected on eth0 and a local
|
|
|
|
|
|
network (192.168.10.0/24)
|
|
|
|
|
|
connected to eth1. You want all
|
|
|
|
|
|
local->net connections
|
|
|
|
|
|
to use source address
|
|
|
|
|
|
206.124.146.176.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> SUBNET</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ADDRESS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>192.168.10.0/24</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>206.124.146.176</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b>Example 4: </b> Same as example 3 except that
|
|
|
|
|
|
you wish to exclude 192.168.10.44
|
|
|
|
|
|
and 192.168.10.45 from
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
the SNAT rule.</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> SUBNET</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ADDRESS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>192.168.10.0/24!192.168.10.44,192.168.10.45</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>206.124.146.176</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>Example 5 (Shorewall version >= 1.3.14): </b>You
|
|
|
|
|
|
have a second IP address (206.124.146.177) assigned to you and
|
|
|
|
|
|
wish to use it for SNAT of the subnet 192.168.12.0/24. You want to
|
|
|
|
|
|
give that address the name eth0:0. You must have ADD_SNAT_ALIASES=Yes
|
|
|
|
|
|
in <a href="#Conf">/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</a>.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2003-02-08 21:48:47 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> SUBNET</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>ADDRESS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0:0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>192.168.12.0/24</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>206.124.146.177</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2003-02-08 21:48:47 +01:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2><font color="#660066"><b><a name="ProxyArp"></a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></font>/etc/shorewall/proxyarp</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>If you want to use proxy ARP on an entire sub-network,
|
|
|
|
|
|
I suggest that you
|
|
|
|
|
|
look at <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/Proxy-ARP-Subnet/">
|
|
|
|
|
|
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/Proxy-ARP-Subnet/</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you decide to use the technique
|
|
|
|
|
|
described in that
|
|
|
|
|
|
HOWTO, you can set
|
|
|
|
|
|
the proxy_arp flag
|
|
|
|
|
|
for an interface
|
|
|
|
|
|
(/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/<i><interface></i>/proxy_arp)
|
|
|
|
|
|
by including the <b> proxyarp</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
option in the interface's
|
|
|
|
|
|
record in
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="#Interfaces">
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/interfaces</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
When using Proxy ARP
|
|
|
|
|
|
sub-netting, you do <u>NOT</u> include
|
|
|
|
|
|
any entries in
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/proxyarp. </p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>The /etc/shorewall/proxyarp file is used to define <a
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
href="ProxyARP.htm">Proxy ARP</a>. The file is
|
|
|
|
|
|
typically used for enabling
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proxy ARP on a small set
|
|
|
|
|
|
of systems since
|
|
|
|
|
|
you need one
|
|
|
|
|
|
entry in this file for each
|
|
|
|
|
|
system using proxy ARP. Columns
|
|
|
|
|
|
are:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b> ADDRESS</b> - address
|
|
|
|
|
|
of the system.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> INTERFACE</b> -
|
|
|
|
|
|
the interface that connects to the system. If the interface
|
|
|
|
|
|
is obvious from the subnetting, you may enter "-" in
|
|
|
|
|
|
this column.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> EXTERNAL</b> -
|
|
|
|
|
|
the external interface that you want to honor ARP requests
|
|
|
|
|
|
for the ADDRESS specified in the first column.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>HAVEROUTE</b> - If
|
|
|
|
|
|
you already have
|
|
|
|
|
|
a route through
|
|
|
|
|
|
INTERFACE
|
|
|
|
|
|
to ADDRESS,
|
|
|
|
|
|
this column should contain "Yes"
|
|
|
|
|
|
or "yes". If you want Shorewall to add
|
|
|
|
|
|
the route, the
|
|
|
|
|
|
column should
|
|
|
|
|
|
contain "No"
|
|
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
|
|
"no".</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><font color="#cc6666"><b>Note: After you have made a change to the /etc/shorewall/proxyarp
|
|
|
|
|
|
file, you may need to flush the ARP cache of all
|
|
|
|
|
|
routers on the LAN segment connected to the interface specified
|
|
|
|
|
|
in the EXTERNAL column of the change/added entry(s). If you
|
|
|
|
|
|
are having problems communicating between an individual
|
|
|
|
|
|
host (A) on that segment and a system whose entry has changed,
|
|
|
|
|
|
you may need to flush the ARP cache on host A as well.</b></font></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><font color="#cc6666"><b>ISPs typically have ARP configured with long
|
|
|
|
|
|
TTL (hours!) so if your ISPs router has a stale cache entry (as seen using
|
|
|
|
|
|
"tcpdump -nei <external interface> host <IP addr>"), it may
|
|
|
|
|
|
take a long while to time out. I personally have had to contact my ISP
|
|
|
|
|
|
and ask them to delete a stale entry in order to restore a system to working
|
|
|
|
|
|
order after changing my proxy ARP settings. </b></font></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b>Example: </b> You have public IP addresses 155.182.235.0/28. You
|
|
|
|
|
|
configure your firewall as follows:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>eth0 - 155.186.235.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
(internet connection)</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>eth1 - 192.168.9.0/24
|
|
|
|
|
|
(masqueraded local systems)</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>eth2 - 192.168.10.1 (interface
|
|
|
|
|
|
to your DMZ)</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> In your DMZ, you want to install a Web/FTP server with public address
|
|
|
|
|
|
155.186.235.4. On the Web server, you subnet just
|
|
|
|
|
|
like the firewall's eth0 and you configure 155.186.235.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
as the default gateway. In your /etc/shorewall/proxyarp
|
|
|
|
|
|
file, you will have:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="2" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> ADDRESS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> INTERFACE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b> EXTERNAL</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>HAVEROUTE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>155.186.235.4</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth2</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth0</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>No</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> Note: You may want to configure the servers in your DMZ with a subnet
|
|
|
|
|
|
that is smaller than the subnet of your internet interface.
|
|
|
|
|
|
See the Proxy ARP Subnet Mini HOWTO (<a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/Proxy-ARP-Subnet/">http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/Proxy-ARP-Subnet/</a>)
|
|
|
|
|
|
for details. In this case you will want to place
|
|
|
|
|
|
"Yes" in the HAVEROUTE column.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><font color="#ff6633"><b>Warning: </b></font>Do not use Proxy ARP and
|
|
|
|
|
|
FreeS/Wan on the same system unless you are prepared to suffer the consequences.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you start or restart Shorewall with an IPSEC tunnel active,
|
|
|
|
|
|
the proxied IP addresses are mistakenly assigned to the
|
|
|
|
|
|
IPSEC tunnel device (ipsecX) rather than to the interface
|
|
|
|
|
|
that you specify in the INTERFACE column of /etc/shorewall/proxyarp.
|
|
|
|
|
|
I haven't had the time to debug this problem so I can't say
|
|
|
|
|
|
if it is a bug in the Kernel or in FreeS/Wan. </p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>You <b>might</b> be able to work around this problem using the following
|
|
|
|
|
|
(I haven't tried it):</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>In /etc/shorewall/init, include:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-14 21:32:45 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> qt service ipsec stop</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>In /etc/shorewall/start, include:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-14 21:32:45 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p> qt service ipsec start</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2><font color="#660066"><b><a name="NAT"></a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></font>/etc/shorewall/nat</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The /etc/shorewall/nat file is used to define static NAT. There is one
|
|
|
|
|
|
entry in the file for each static NAT relationship
|
|
|
|
|
|
that you wish to define. In order to make use of this
|
|
|
|
|
|
feature, you must have <a href="#NatEnabled">NAT enabled</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> <font
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
color="#ff0000"> <b>IMPORTANT: If all you want to do
|
|
|
|
|
|
is forward ports
|
|
|
|
|
|
to servers behind your firewall,
|
|
|
|
|
|
you do NOT want to use
|
|
|
|
|
|
static NAT. Port
|
|
|
|
|
|
forwarding can
|
|
|
|
|
|
be accomplished
|
|
|
|
|
|
with simple entries in
|
|
|
|
|
|
the <a href="#Rules">
|
|
|
|
|
|
rules file</a>. Also, in most
|
|
|
|
|
|
cases <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="#ProxyArp"> Proxy ARP</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
provides a
|
|
|
|
|
|
superior solution
|
|
|
|
|
|
to static NAT
|
|
|
|
|
|
because the
|
|
|
|
|
|
internal systems
|
|
|
|
|
|
are accessed using the same IP
|
|
|
|
|
|
address internally and externally.</b></font></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>Columns in an entry are:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b> EXTERNAL</b> -
|
|
|
|
|
|
External IP address - <u>This should NOT be the primary
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP address of the interface named in the next column.</u></li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> INTERFACE</b> -
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interface that you want the EXTERNAL IP address to appear
|
|
|
|
|
|
on. Beginning with Shorewall version 1.3.14, if you have set
|
|
|
|
|
|
ADD_IP_ALIASES=Yes in <a href="#Conf">/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</a>,
|
|
|
|
|
|
<20>you can specify an alias label of the form <i>interfacename:digit
|
|
|
|
|
|
</i>(e.g., eth0:0) and Shorewall will create the alias with that
|
|
|
|
|
|
label. Alias labels created in this way allow the alias to be visible
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the ipconfig utility. <b>THAT IS THE ONLY THING THAT THIS LABEL
|
|
|
|
|
|
IS GOOD FOR AND IT MAY NOT APPEAR ANYWHERE ELSE IN YOUR SHOREWALL CONFIGURATION.</b><EFBFBD></li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> INTERNAL </b> -
|
|
|
|
|
|
Internal IP address.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>ALL
|
|
|
|
|
|
INTERFACES</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
- If Yes
|
|
|
|
|
|
or yes (or
|
|
|
|
|
|
left
|
|
|
|
|
|
empty),
|
|
|
|
|
|
NAT will be
|
|
|
|
|
|
effective from all
|
|
|
|
|
|
hosts. If
|
|
|
|
|
|
No or no then NAT
|
|
|
|
|
|
will be
|
|
|
|
|
|
effective
|
|
|
|
|
|
only
|
|
|
|
|
|
through
|
|
|
|
|
|
the interface named in
|
|
|
|
|
|
the INTERFACE
|
|
|
|
|
|
column.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>LOCAL</b> - If Yes
|
|
|
|
|
|
or yes and the ALL INTERFACES column contains Yes
|
|
|
|
|
|
or yes, NAT will be effective from the firewall system.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>Note: </b>For this to work, you must be running
|
|
|
|
|
|
kernel 2.4.19 or later and iptables 1.2.6a or later and you
|
|
|
|
|
|
must have enabled <b>CONFIG_IP_NF_NAT_LOCAL</b> in your
|
|
|
|
|
|
kernel.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b><a href="NAT.htm"> Look here for additional information and an example.</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2><font color="#660066"><a name="Tunnels"></a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</font>/etc/shorewall/tunnels</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> The /etc/shorewall/tunnels file allows you to define IPSec, GRE, IPIP,
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="http://openvpn.sourceforge.net/">OpenVPN</a>, PPTP
|
|
|
|
|
|
and 6to4.tunnels with end-points on your firewall. To use ipsec,
|
|
|
|
|
|
you must install version 1.9, 1.91 or the current <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="http://www.xs4all.nl/%7Efreeswan/">FreeS/WAN</a> development
|
|
|
|
|
|
snapshot. </p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> Note: For kernels 2.4.4 and above, you will need to use version 1.91
|
|
|
|
|
|
or a development snapshot as patching with version
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.9 results in kernel compilation errors.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b><a href="IPSEC.htm"> Instructions for setting up IPSEC tunnels may
|
|
|
|
|
|
be found here,</a></b> <b><a href="IPIP.htm">instructions
|
|
|
|
|
|
for IPIP and GRE tunnels are here</a></b>, <b><a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="OPENVPN.html">instructions for OpenVPN tunnels are here</a></b>,
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b><a href="PPTP.htm">instructions for PPTP tunnels are here</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
and <a href="6to4.htm">instructions for 6to4 tunnels</a> are here.</b></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-12-28 16:38:03 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="Conf"></a>/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> This file is used to set the following firewall parameters:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>LOGFORMAT -
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b>Added at version 1.4.4.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
The value of this variable generate the --log-prefix setting for Shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
logging rules. It contains a 'printf' formatting template which accepts three
|
|
|
|
|
|
arguments (the chain name, logging rule number (optional) and the disposition).
|
|
|
|
|
|
To use LOGFORMAT with fireparse (<a href="http://www.fireparse.com">http://www.fireparse.com</a>),
|
|
|
|
|
|
set it as:<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<20><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> LOGFORMAT="fp=%s:%d a=%s "<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<20><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the LOGFORMAT value contains the substring '%d' then the logging rule
|
|
|
|
|
|
number is calculated and formatted in that position; if that substring is
|
|
|
|
|
|
not included then the rule number is not included. If not supplied or supplied
|
|
|
|
|
|
as empty (LOGFORMAT="") then "Shorewall:%s:%s:" is assumed.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>CAUTION: </b>/sbin/shorewall uses the leading part of the LOGFORMAT
|
|
|
|
|
|
string (up to but not including the first '%') to find log messages in
|
|
|
|
|
|
the 'show log', 'status' and 'hits' commands. This part should not be omitted
|
|
|
|
|
|
(the LOGFORMAT should not begin with "%") and the leading part should be
|
|
|
|
|
|
sufficiently unique for /sbin/shorewall to identify Shorewall messages.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>CLEAR_TC</b> - Added at version 1.3.13<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this option is set to 'No' then Shorewall won't
|
|
|
|
|
|
clear the current traffic control rules during [re]start. This
|
|
|
|
|
|
setting is intended for use by people that prefer to configure traffic
|
|
|
|
|
|
shaping when the network interfaces come up rather than when the
|
|
|
|
|
|
firewall is started. If that is what you want to do, set TC_ENABLED=Yes
|
|
|
|
|
|
and CLEAR_TC=No and do not supply an /etc/shorewall/tcstart file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
That way, your traffic shaping rules can still use the 'fwmark' classifier
|
|
|
|
|
|
based on packet marking defined in /etc/shorewall/tcrules. If not specified,
|
|
|
|
|
|
CLEAR_TC=Yes is assumed.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>MARK_IN_FORWARD_CHAIN </b>- Added at version
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.3.12<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If your kernel has a FORWARD chain in the
|
|
|
|
|
|
mangle table, you may set MARK_IN_FORWARD_CHAIN=Yes to cause
|
|
|
|
|
|
the marking specified in the <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="traffic_shaping.htm#tcrules">tcrules file</a> to occur in that
|
|
|
|
|
|
chain rather than in the PREROUTING chain. This permits you to
|
|
|
|
|
|
mark inbound traffic based on its destination address when SNAT or
|
|
|
|
|
|
Masquerading are in use. To determine if your kernel has a FORWARD
|
|
|
|
|
|
chain in the mangle table, use the "/sbin/shorewall show mangle"
|
|
|
|
|
|
command; if a FORWARD chain is displayed then your kernel will support
|
|
|
|
|
|
this option. If this option is not specified or if it is given the
|
|
|
|
|
|
empty value (e.g., MARK_IN_FORWARD_CHAIN="") then MARK_IN_FORWARD_CHAIN=No
|
|
|
|
|
|
is assumed.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>RFC1918_LOG_LEVEL - </b>Added at
|
|
|
|
|
|
version 1.3.12<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter determines the level at
|
|
|
|
|
|
which packets logged under the <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="Documentation.htm#rfc1918">'norfc1918' mechanism </a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
are logged. The value must be a valid <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="shorewall_logging.html">syslog level</a> and if no level is given,
|
|
|
|
|
|
then info is assumed. Prior to Shorewall version 1.3.12, these
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets are always logged at the info level.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>TCP_FLAGS_DISPOSITION - </b>Added
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
in Version 1.3.11<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
Determines the disposition of TCP packets
|
|
|
|
|
|
that fail the checks enabled by the <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="#Interfaces%5C">tcpflags</a> interface option and must
|
|
|
|
|
|
have a value of ACCEPT (accept the packet), REJECT (send an RST
|
|
|
|
|
|
response) or DROP (ignore the packet). If not set or if set to
|
|
|
|
|
|
the empty value (e.g., TCP_FLAGS_DISPOSITION="") then TCP_FLAGS_DISPOSITION=DROP
|
|
|
|
|
|
is assumed.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>TCP_FLAGS_LOG_LEVEL - </b>Added
|
|
|
|
|
|
in Version 1.3.11<br>
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
Determines the <a
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
href="shorewall_logging.html">syslog level</a> for logging packets
|
|
|
|
|
|
that fail the checks enabled by the <a href="#Interfaces">tcpflags</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
interface option.The value must be a valid syslogd log level.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you don't want to log these packets, set to the empty value
|
|
|
|
|
|
(e.g., TCP_FLAGS_LOG_LEVEL="").<br>
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>MACLIST_DISPOSITION </b>- Added
|
|
|
|
|
|
in Version 1.3.10<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Determines the disposition of connections
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests that fail <a href="MAC_Validation.html">MAC Verification</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
and must have the value ACCEPT (accept the connection request
|
|
|
|
|
|
anyway), REJECT (reject the connection request) or DROP (ignore
|
|
|
|
|
|
the connection request). If not set or if set to the empty value
|
|
|
|
|
|
(e.g., MACLIST_DISPOSITION="") then MACLIST_DISPOSITION=REJECT
|
|
|
|
|
|
is assumed.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>MACLIST_LOG_LEVEL </b>-
|
|
|
|
|
|
Added in Version 1.3.10<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Determines the <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="shorewall_logging.html">syslog level</a> for logging connection
|
|
|
|
|
|
requests that fail <a href="MAC_Validation.html">MAC Verification</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The value must be a valid syslogd log level. If you don't
|
|
|
|
|
|
want to log these connection requests, set to the empty value
|
|
|
|
|
|
(e.g., MACLIST_LOG_LEVEL="").<br>
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>NEWNOTSYN </b>- Added in
|
|
|
|
|
|
Version 1.3.8<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
When set to "Yes" or "yes", Shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
will filter TCP packets that are not part of an established
|
|
|
|
|
|
connention and that are not SYN packets (SYN flag on - ACK
|
|
|
|
|
|
flag off). If set to "No", Shorewall will silently drop such
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets. If not set or set to the empty value (e.g., "NEWNOTSYN="),
|
|
|
|
|
|
NEWNOTSYN=No is assumed.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you have a HA setup with failover
|
|
|
|
|
|
to another firewall, you should have NEWNOTSYN=Yes on
|
|
|
|
|
|
both firewalls. You should also select NEWNOTSYN=Yes if you
|
|
|
|
|
|
have asymmetric routing.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>LOGNEWNOTSYN</b> - Added
|
|
|
|
|
|
in Version 1.3.6<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning with version 1.3.6,
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorewall drops non-SYN TCP packets that are not part
|
|
|
|
|
|
of an existing connection. If you would like to log these
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets, set LOGNEWNOTSYN to the <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="shorewall_logging.html">syslog level</a> at which you want the
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets logged. Example: LOGNEWNOTSYN=ULOG|<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>Note: </b>Packets logged
|
|
|
|
|
|
under this option are usually the result of broken
|
|
|
|
|
|
remote IP stacks rather than the result of any sort of attempt
|
|
|
|
|
|
to breach your firewall.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>DETECT_DNAT_ADDRS</b> - Added in Version 1.3.4<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If set to "Yes" or "yes", Shorewall will detect the
|
|
|
|
|
|
first IP address of the interface to the source zone and will include
|
|
|
|
|
|
this address in DNAT rules as the original destination IP address.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If set to "No" or "no", Shorewall will not detect this address
|
|
|
|
|
|
and any destination IP address will match the DNAT rule. If
|
|
|
|
|
|
not specified or empty, "DETECT_DNAT_ADDRS=Yes" is assumed.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b></b><b>MULTIPORT</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Added in Version 1.3.2<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If set to "Yes" or "yes",
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorewall will use the Netfilter multiport facility.
|
|
|
|
|
|
In order to use this facility, your kernel must have multiport
|
|
|
|
|
|
support (CONFIG_IP_NF_MATCH_MULTIPORT). When this support
|
|
|
|
|
|
is used, Shorewall will generate a single rule from each
|
|
|
|
|
|
record in the /etc/shorewall/rules file that meets these criteria:<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li>No port range(s) specified</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Specifies 15 or fewer
|
|
|
|
|
|
ports</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Rules not meeting those criteria will continue to generate an individual
|
|
|
|
|
|
rule for each listed port or port range. </p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>NAT_BEFORE_RULES</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If set to "No" or "no", port
|
|
|
|
|
|
forwarding rules can override the contents of the
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="#NAT">/etc/shorewall/nat</a> file. If set to "Yes"
|
|
|
|
|
|
or "yes", port forwarding rules cannot override static NAT.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If not set or set to an empty value, "Yes" is assumed.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>FW<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</b>This
|
|
|
|
|
|
parameter specifies
|
|
|
|
|
|
the name of the
|
|
|
|
|
|
firewall zone.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If not
|
|
|
|
|
|
set or
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
if set to an empty string, the value
|
|
|
|
|
|
"fw" is assumed.</li>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>SUBSYSLOCK</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter should
|
|
|
|
|
|
be set to the name of a file that the firewall should
|
|
|
|
|
|
create if it starts successfully and remove when it stops.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Creating and removing this file allows Shorewall to work
|
|
|
|
|
|
with your distribution's initscripts. For RedHat, this should
|
|
|
|
|
|
be set to /var/lock/subsys/shorewall. For Debian, the value
|
|
|
|
|
|
is /var/state/shorewall and in LEAF it is /var/run/shorwall.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Example: SUBSYSLOCK=/var/lock/subsys/shorewall.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> STATEDIR</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter specifies
|
|
|
|
|
|
the name of a directory where Shorewall stores
|
|
|
|
|
|
state information. If the directory doesn't exist when Shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
starts, it will create the directory. Example: STATEDIR=/tmp/shorewall.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b>NOTE:</b> If you change
|
|
|
|
|
|
the STATEDIR variable while the firewall is running,
|
|
|
|
|
|
create the new directory if necessary then copy the contents
|
|
|
|
|
|
of the old directory to the new directory. </li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>MODULESDIR</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter specifies
|
|
|
|
|
|
the directory where your kernel netfilter modules
|
|
|
|
|
|
may be found. If you leave the variable empty, Shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
will supply the value "/lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/net/ipv4/netfilter.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> LOGRATE </b> and
|
|
|
|
|
|
<b> LOGBURST</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
These parameters set
|
|
|
|
|
|
the match rate and initial burst size for logged
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets. Please see the iptables man page for a description
|
|
|
|
|
|
of the behavior of these parameters (the iptables option
|
|
|
|
|
|
--limit is set by LOGRATE and --limit-burst is set by LOGBURST).
|
|
|
|
|
|
If both parameters are set empty, no rate-limiting will
|
|
|
|
|
|
occur.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Example:<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
LOGRATE=10/minute<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
LOGBURST=5<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>LOGFILE</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter
|
|
|
|
|
|
tells the /sbin/shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
program where
|
|
|
|
|
|
to look for
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
messages when
|
|
|
|
|
|
processing the "show log",
|
|
|
|
|
|
"monitor", "status"
|
|
|
|
|
|
and "hits"
|
|
|
|
|
|
commands. If not
|
|
|
|
|
|
assigned or if
|
|
|
|
|
|
assigned
|
|
|
|
|
|
an empty
|
|
|
|
|
|
value,
|
|
|
|
|
|
/var/log/messages
|
|
|
|
|
|
is assumed.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>NAT_ENABLED</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter determines
|
|
|
|
|
|
whether Shorewall supports NAT operations. NAT
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
operations include:<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Static NAT<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Port Forwarding<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Port Redirection<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Masquerading<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the parameter has
|
|
|
|
|
|
no value or has a value of "Yes" or "yes" then NAT
|
|
|
|
|
|
is enabled. If the parameter has a value of "no" or "No"
|
|
|
|
|
|
then NAT is disabled.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> MANGLE_ENABLED</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter determines
|
|
|
|
|
|
if packet mangling is enabled. If the parameter
|
|
|
|
|
|
has no value or has a value of "Yes" or "yes" than packet
|
|
|
|
|
|
mangling is enabled. If the parameter has a value of "no"
|
|
|
|
|
|
or "No" then packet mangling is disabled. If packet mangling
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
is disabled, the /etc/shorewall/tos file is ignored.<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> IP_FORWARDING</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter determines
|
|
|
|
|
|
whether Shorewall enables or disables IPV4 Packet
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forwarding (/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward). Possible values
|
|
|
|
|
|
are:<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
On or on - packet
|
|
|
|
|
|
forwarding will be enabled.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Off or off - packet
|
|
|
|
|
|
forwarding will be disabled.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Keep or keep -
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorewall will neither enable nor disable packet
|
|
|
|
|
|
forwarding.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this variable is
|
|
|
|
|
|
not set or is given an empty value (IP_FORWARD="")
|
|
|
|
|
|
then IP_FORWARD=On is assumed.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>ADD_IP_ALIASES</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter determines
|
|
|
|
|
|
whether Shorewall automatically adds the
|
|
|
|
|
|
<i>external </i>address(es)
|
|
|
|
|
|
in <a href="#NAT">/etc/shorewall/nat</a> . If the variable
|
|
|
|
|
|
is set to "Yes" or "yes" then Shorewall automatically adds
|
|
|
|
|
|
these aliases. If it is set to "No" or "no", you must add
|
|
|
|
|
|
these aliases yourself using your distribution's network configuration
|
|
|
|
|
|
tools. <b>RESTRICTION: </b>Shorewall can only add addresses
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the first subnetwork configured on an interface.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this variable is
|
|
|
|
|
|
not set or is given an empty value (ADD_IP_ALIASES="")
|
|
|
|
|
|
then ADD_IP_ALIASES=Yes is assumed.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>ADD_SNAT_ALIASES</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter determines
|
|
|
|
|
|
whether Shorewall automatically adds the SNAT <i>
|
|
|
|
|
|
ADDRESS </i>in <a href="#Masq">/etc/shorewall/masq</a>.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the variable is set to "Yes" or "yes" then Shorewall automatically
|
|
|
|
|
|
adds these addresses. If it is set to "No" or "no", you
|
|
|
|
|
|
must add these addresses yourself using your distribution's
|
|
|
|
|
|
network configuration tools. <b>RESTRICTION: </b>Shorewall
|
|
|
|
|
|
can only add addresses to the first subnetwork configured on an interface.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this variable is
|
|
|
|
|
|
not set or is given an empty value (ADD_SNAT_ALIASES="")
|
|
|
|
|
|
then ADD_SNAT_ALIASES=No is assumed.<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>LOGUNCLEAN</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter
|
|
|
|
|
|
determines the
|
|
|
|
|
|
logging level
|
|
|
|
|
|
of mangled/invalid
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets
|
|
|
|
|
|
controlled by
|
|
|
|
|
|
the '<a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="#Unclean">dropunclean and logunclean</a>'
|
|
|
|
|
|
interface
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
options. If
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
LOGUNCLEAN is empty (LOGUNCLEAN=)
|
|
|
|
|
|
then packets selected by
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
'dropclean' are
|
|
|
|
|
|
dropped silently
|
|
|
|
|
|
('logunclean'
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets are
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
logged under
|
|
|
|
|
|
the 'info' log level). Otherwise,
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
these packets are logged at
|
|
|
|
|
|
the specified
|
|
|
|
|
|
level (Example:
|
|
|
|
|
|
LOGUNCLEAN=debug).</li>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>BLACKLIST_DISPOSITION</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter
|
|
|
|
|
|
determines the
|
|
|
|
|
|
disposition of
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets from
|
|
|
|
|
|
blacklisted
|
|
|
|
|
|
hosts. It may have the value DROP if the
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets are to
|
|
|
|
|
|
be dropped or
|
|
|
|
|
|
REJECT if the
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets are to
|
|
|
|
|
|
be replied
|
|
|
|
|
|
with an ICMP
|
|
|
|
|
|
port
|
|
|
|
|
|
unreachable
|
|
|
|
|
|
reply or a TCP RST (tcp only).
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you do not assign a value
|
|
|
|
|
|
or if you assign an
|
|
|
|
|
|
empty value
|
|
|
|
|
|
then DROP is
|
|
|
|
|
|
assumed.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>BLACKLIST_LOGLEVEL</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This paremter
|
|
|
|
|
|
determines if
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets from blacklisted
|
|
|
|
|
|
hosts are
|
|
|
|
|
|
logged and it
|
|
|
|
|
|
determines the
|
|
|
|
|
|
syslog level that they are
|
|
|
|
|
|
to be logged at. Its value
|
|
|
|
|
|
is a <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="shorewall_logging.html">syslog level</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Example:
|
|
|
|
|
|
BLACKLIST_LOGLEVEL=debug). If you do not
|
|
|
|
|
|
assign a value or if you
|
|
|
|
|
|
assign an empty value
|
|
|
|
|
|
then packets from
|
|
|
|
|
|
blacklisted
|
|
|
|
|
|
hosts are not
|
|
|
|
|
|
logged.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>CLAMPMSS</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
This parameter
|
|
|
|
|
|
enables the
|
|
|
|
|
|
TCP Clamp MSS to PMTU
|
|
|
|
|
|
feature of
|
|
|
|
|
|
Netfilter and
|
|
|
|
|
|
is usually
|
|
|
|
|
|
required when
|
|
|
|
|
|
your internet
|
|
|
|
|
|
connection is through PPPoE
|
|
|
|
|
|
or PPTP. If
|
|
|
|
|
|
set to "Yes"
|
|
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
|
|
"yes", the feature
|
|
|
|
|
|
is enabled.
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
If left
|
|
|
|
|
|
blank or
|
|
|
|
|
|
set to
|
|
|
|
|
|
"No"
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
or "no",
|
|
|
|
|
|
the feature
|
|
|
|
|
|
is not
|
|
|
|
|
|
enabled. Note: This option requires
|
|
|
|
|
|
CONFIG_IP_NF_TARGET_TCPMSS
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="kernel.htm">in your
|
|
|
|
|
|
kernel</a>.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>ROUTE_FILTER</b><br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
If this parameter is given
|
|
|
|
|
|
the value "Yes" or "yes" then route filtering (anti-spoofing)
|
|
|
|
|
|
is enabled on all network interfaces. The default value
|
|
|
|
|
|
is "no".</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="modules"></a> /etc/shorewall/modules Configuration</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The file /etc/shorewall/modules contains commands for loading the kernel
|
|
|
|
|
|
modules required by Shorewall-defined firewall rules.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shorewall will source this file during start/restart
|
|
|
|
|
|
provided that it exists and that the directory specified
|
|
|
|
|
|
by the MODULESDIR parameter exists (see <a href="#Conf">/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
above).</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The file that is released with Shorewall calls the Shorewall function
|
|
|
|
|
|
"loadmodule" for the set of modules that I load.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>The <i>loadmodule</i> function is called as follows:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>loadmodule <i><modulename> </i>[
|
|
|
|
|
|
<i> <module parameters> </i>]</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>where</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2003-01-14 21:32:45 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p><i><modulename> </i></p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>is the name of the modules without the trailing ".o" (example ip_conntrack).</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p><i> <module parameters></i></p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> Optional parameters to the insmod utility.</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> The function determines if the module named by <i><modulename>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</i> is already loaded and if not then the function
|
|
|
|
|
|
determines if the ".o" file corresponding to the module
|
|
|
|
|
|
exists in the <i>moduledirectory</i>; if so, then the
|
|
|
|
|
|
following command is executed:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> insmod <i>moduledirectory</i>/<i><modulename></i>.o <i><module
|
|
|
|
|
|
parameters></i></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> If the file doesn't exist, the function determines of the ".o.gz" file
|
|
|
|
|
|
corresponding to the module exists in the <i>moduledirectory</i>. If it
|
|
|
|
|
|
does, the function assumes that the running configuration supports compressed
|
|
|
|
|
|
modules and execute the following command:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> insmod <i>moduledirectory/<modulename>.</i>o.gz <<i>module
|
|
|
|
|
|
parameters></i></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-05-18 20:38:34 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="TOS"></a> /etc/shorewall/tos Configuration</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> The /etc/shorewall/tos file allows you to set the Type of Service field
|
|
|
|
|
|
in packet headers based on packet source, packet
|
|
|
|
|
|
destination, protocol, source port and destination
|
|
|
|
|
|
port. In order for this file to be processed by Shorewall,
|
|
|
|
|
|
you must have <a href="#MangleEnabled">mangle support enabled</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> Entries in the file have the following columns:</p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b> SOURCE</b> -- The
|
|
|
|
|
|
source zone. May be qualified by following the zone name
|
|
|
|
|
|
with a colon (":") and either an IP address, an IP subnet,
|
|
|
|
|
|
a MAC address <a href="configuration_file_basics.htm#MAC">in </a><a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="configuration_file_basics.htm#MAC">Shorewall Format</a> or the
|
|
|
|
|
|
name of an interface. This column may also contain the
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="#FW">name of
|
|
|
|
|
|
the firewall</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
zone to indicate packets originating
|
|
|
|
|
|
on the firewall itself or "all" to indicate any source.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> DEST</b> -- The
|
|
|
|
|
|
destination zone. May be qualified by following the zone
|
|
|
|
|
|
name with a colon (":") and either an IP address or an
|
|
|
|
|
|
IP subnet. Because packets are marked prior to routing, you
|
|
|
|
|
|
may not specify the name of an interface. This column may
|
|
|
|
|
|
also contain "all" to indicate any destination.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> PROTOCOL</b> --
|
|
|
|
|
|
The name of a protocol in /etc/protocols or the protocol's
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
number.</li>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b> SOURCE PORT(S)</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-- The source port or a port range. For all ports, place
|
|
|
|
|
|
a hyphen ("-") in this column.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> DEST PORT(S)</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
-- The destination port or a port range. To indicate
|
|
|
|
|
|
all ports, place a hyphen ("-") in this column.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b> TOS</b> -- The
|
|
|
|
|
|
type of service. Must be one of the following:</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p> Minimize-Delay (16)<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
Maximize-Throughput
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8)<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximize-Reliability
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4)<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minimize-Cost (2)<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
Normal-Service (0)</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p> The /etc/shorewall/tos file that is included with Shorewall contains
|
|
|
|
|
|
the following entries.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="2" cellpadding="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>PROTOCOL</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>SOURCE<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>DEST PORT(S)</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><b>TOS</b></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ssh</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>16</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ssh</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>16</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ftp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>16</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ftp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>16</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ftp-data</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>8</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>all</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>tcp</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>ftp-data</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>8</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><b>WARNING: </b>Users have reported that odd routing problems result from
|
|
|
|
|
|
adding the ESP and AH protocols to the /etc/shorewall/tos
|
|
|
|
|
|
file. </p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="Blacklist"></a>/etc/shorewall/blacklist</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Each line in
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/blacklist
|
|
|
|
|
|
contains
|
|
|
|
|
|
an IP
|
|
|
|
|
|
address, a MAC address in <a
|
|
|
|
|
|
href="configuration_file_basics.htm#MAC">Shorewall Format</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
or
|
|
|
|
|
|
subnet
|
|
|
|
|
|
address. Example:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<pre> 130.252.100.69<br> 206.124.146.0/24</pre>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Packets <u><b>from</b></u>
|
|
|
|
|
|
hosts
|
|
|
|
|
|
listed
|
|
|
|
|
|
in the
|
|
|
|
|
|
blacklist file
|
|
|
|
|
|
will be
|
|
|
|
|
|
disposed of
|
|
|
|
|
|
according
|
|
|
|
|
|
to
|
|
|
|
|
|
the value assigned
|
|
|
|
|
|
to
|
|
|
|
|
|
the <a href="#Conf">BLACKLIST_DISPOSITION</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
and <a href="#Conf">BLACKLIST_LOGLEVEL </a>variables in
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Only
|
|
|
|
|
|
packets arriving
|
|
|
|
|
|
on interfaces
|
|
|
|
|
|
that
|
|
|
|
|
|
have the
|
|
|
|
|
|
'<a href="#Interfaces">blacklist</a>'
|
|
|
|
|
|
option in
|
|
|
|
|
|
/etc/shorewall/interfaces
|
|
|
|
|
|
are
|
|
|
|
|
|
checked against the
|
|
|
|
|
|
blacklist. The black list is designed to prevent listed
|
|
|
|
|
|
hosts/subnets from accessing services on <u><b>your</b></u>
|
2003-05-28 21:20:23 +02:00
|
|
|
|
network.<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<p>Beginning with Shorewall 1.3.8, the blacklist file has three columns:<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>ADDRESS/SUBNET - </b>As
|
|
|
|
|
|
described above.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>PROTOCOL</b> - Optional.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If specified, only packets specifying this protocol will
|
|
|
|
|
|
be blocked.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>PORTS - </b>Optional;
|
|
|
|
|
|
may only be given if PROTOCOL is tcp, udp or icmp. Expressed
|
|
|
|
|
|
as a comma-separated list of port numbers or service names
|
|
|
|
|
|
(from /etc/services). If present, only packets destined for the specified
|
|
|
|
|
|
protocol and one of the listed ports are blocked. When the PROTOCOL
|
|
|
|
|
|
is icmp, the PORTS column contains a comma-separated list of ICMP
|
|
|
|
|
|
type numbers or names (see "iptables -h icmp").<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Shorewall also has a <a href="blacklisting_support.htm">dynamic blacklist
|
|
|
|
|
|
capability.</a></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><font color="#cc6666"><b>IMPORTANT: The Shorewall blacklist file is <u>NOT</u>
|
|
|
|
|
|
designed to police your users' web browsing -- to do
|
|
|
|
|
|
that, I suggest that you install and configure Squid (<a
|
2002-12-28 16:38:03 +01:00
|
|
|
|
href="http://www.squid-cache.org">http://www.squid-cache.org</a>). </b></font></p>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="rfc1918"></a>/etc/shorewall/rfc1918 (Added in Version 1.3.1)</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>This file lists the subnets affected by the <a href="#Interfaces"><i>norfc1918</i>
|
|
|
|
|
|
interface option</a>. Columns in the file are:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>SUBNET</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
- The subnet using VLSM notation (e.g., 192.168.0.0/16).</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>TARGET<i> </i></b>-
|
|
|
|
|
|
What to do with packets to/from the SUBNET:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>RETURN</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Process the packet normally thru the rules and policies.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>DROP</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Silently drop the packet.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>logdrop</b>
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Log then drop the packet -- see the <a href="#Conf">RFC1918_LOG_LEVEL</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
parameter above.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="Routestopped"></a>/etc/shorewall/routestopped (Added in Version
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.3.4)</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>This file defines the hosts that are accessible from the firewall when
|
|
|
|
|
|
the firewall is stopped. Columns in the file are:</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<li><b>INTERFACE </b>-
|
|
|
|
|
|
The firewall interface through which the host(s) comminicate
|
|
|
|
|
|
with the firewall.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>HOST(S) </b>-
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Optional) - A comma-separated list of IP/Subnet addresses.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If not supplied or supplied as "-" then 0.0.0.0/0 is assumed.</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Example: When your firewall is stopped, you want firewall accessibility
|
|
|
|
|
|
from local hosts 192.168.1.0/24 and from your DMZ.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Your DMZ interfaces through eth1 and your local hosts
|
|
|
|
|
|
through eth2.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<table border="2" style="border-collapse: collapse;" id="AutoNumber1"
|
|
|
|
|
|
cellpadding="2">
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><u><b>INTERFACE</b></u></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td><u><b>HOST(S)</b></u></td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth2</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>192.168.1.0/24</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>eth1</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tr>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</tbody>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</table>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2002-11-09 19:10:22 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="Maclist"></a>/etc/shorewall/maclist (Added in Version 1.3.10)</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
This file is described in the <a
|
2003-01-14 21:32:45 +01:00
|
|
|
|
href="MAC_Validation.html">MAC Validation Documentation</a>.<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<h2><a name="ECN"></a>/etc/shorewall/ecn (Added in Version 1.4.0)</h2>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
This file is described in the <a
|
2003-03-18 16:16:33 +01:00
|
|
|
|
href="ECN.html">ECN Control Documentation</a>.<br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p><font size="-1"> Updated 6/2/2003 - <a href="support.htm">Tom Eastep</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</font></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-14 21:32:45 +01:00
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="copyright.htm"><font size="2">Copyright</font> <20> <font
|
|
|
|
|
|
size="2">2001, 2002, 2003 Thomas M. Eastep.</font></a><br>
|
2003-06-23 22:24:51 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
2002-09-16 19:02:45 +02:00
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</html>
|
