shorewall_code/Shorewall/manpages/shorewall-tcdevices.xml

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<refentry>
  <refmeta>
    <refentrytitle>shorewall-tcdevices</refentrytitle>

    <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>

    <refmiscinfo>Configuration Files</refmiscinfo>
  </refmeta>

  <refnamediv>
    <refname>tcdevices</refname>

    <refpurpose>Shorewall Traffic Shaping Devices file</refpurpose>
  </refnamediv>

  <refsynopsisdiv>
    <cmdsynopsis>
      <command>/etc/shorewall[6]/tcdevices</command>
    </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Description</title>

    <para>Entries in this file define the bandwidth for interfaces on which
    you want traffic shaping to be enabled.</para>

    <para>If you do not plan to use traffic shaping for a device, don't put it
    in here as it limits the throughput of that device to the limits you set
    here.</para>

    <para>A note on the <emphasis>bandwidth</emphasis> definitions used in
    this file:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
      <listitem>
        <para>don't use a space between the integer value and the unit: 30kbit
        is valid while 30 kbit is not.</para>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>you can use one of the following units:</para>

        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry>
            <term><emphasis role="bold">kbps</emphasis></term>

            <listitem>
              <para>Kilobytes per second.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><emphasis role="bold">mbps</emphasis></term>

            <listitem>
              <para>Megabytes per second.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><emphasis role="bold">gbps</emphasis></term>

            <listitem>
              <para>Gigabytes per second.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><emphasis role="bold">kbit</emphasis></term>

            <listitem>
              <para>Kilobits per second.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><emphasis role="bold">mbit</emphasis></term>

            <listitem>
              <para>Megabits per second.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><emphasis role="bold">gbit</emphasis></term>

            <listitem>
              <para>Gigabits per second.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>

          <varlistentry>
            <term><emphasis role="bold">bps</emphasis> or <emphasis
            role="bold">number</emphasis></term>

            <listitem>
              <para>Bytes per second.</para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>
      </listitem>

      <listitem>
        <para>Only whole integers are allowed.</para>
      </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>The columns in the file are as follows (where the column name is
    followed by a different name in parentheses, the different name is used in
    the alternate specification syntax).</para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><emphasis role="bold">INTERFACE</emphasis> -
        [<emphasis>number</emphasis>:]<emphasis>interface</emphasis></term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Name of <emphasis>interface</emphasis>. Each interface may be
          listed only once in this file. You may NOT specify the name of an
          alias (e.g., eth0:0) here; see <ulink
          url="../FAQ.htm#faq18">https://shorewall.org/FAQ.htm#faq18</ulink></para>

          <para>You may NOT specify wildcards here, e.g. if you have multiple
          ppp interfaces, you need to put them all in here!</para>

          <para>If the device doesn't exist, a warning message will be issued
          during "shorewall [re]start" and "shorewall reload" and traffic
          shaping configuration will be skipped for that device.</para>

          <para>Shorewall assigns a sequential <firstterm>interface
          number</firstterm> to each interface (the first entry in the file is
          interface 1, the second is interface 2 and so on) You can explicitly
          specify the interface number by prefixing the interface name with
          the number and a colon (":"). Example: 1:eth0.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><emphasis role="bold">IN-BANDWIDTH (in_bandwidth)</emphasis> -
        {-|<replaceable>bandwidth</replaceable>[:<replaceable>burst</replaceable>]|~<replaceable>bandwidth</replaceable>[:<replaceable>interval</replaceable>:<replaceable>decay_interval</replaceable>]}</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The incoming <emphasis>bandwidth</emphasis> of that interface.
          Please note that you are not able to do traffic shaping on incoming
          traffic, as the traffic is already received before you could do so.
          But this allows you to define the maximum traffic allowed for this
          interface in total, if the rate is exceeded, the packets are
          dropped. You want this mainly if you have a DSL or Cable connection
          to avoid queuing at your providers side.</para>

          <para>If you don't want any traffic to be dropped, set this to a
          value to zero in which case Shorewall will not create an ingress
          qdisc.Must be set to zero if the REDIRECTED INTERFACES column is
          non-empty.</para>

          <para>The optional burst option was added in Shorewall 4.4.18. The
          default <replaceable>burst</replaceable> is 10kb. A larger
          <replaceable>burst</replaceable> can help make the
          <replaceable>bandwidth</replaceable> more accurate; often for fast
          lines, the enforced rate is well below the specified
          <replaceable>bandwidth</replaceable>.</para>

          <para>What is described above creates a rate/burst policing filter.
          Beginning with Shorewall 4.4.25, a rate-estimated policing filter
          may be configured instead. Rate-estimated filters should be used
          with Ethernet adapters that have Generic Receive Offload enabled by
          default. See <ulink url="../FAQ.htm#faq97a">Shorewall FAQ
          97a</ulink>.</para>

          <para>To create a rate-estimated filter, precede the bandwidth with
          a tilde ("~"). The optional interval and decay_interval determine
          how often the rate is estimated and how many samples are retained
          for estimating. Please see <ulink
          url="http://ace-host.stuart.id.au/russell/files/tc/doc/estimators.txt">http://ace-host.stuart.id.au/russell/files/tc/doc/estimators.txt</ulink>
          for details. If not specified, the default
          <replaceable>interval</replaceable> is 250ms and the default
          <replaceable>decay_interval</replaceable> is 4sec.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><emphasis role="bold">OUT-BANDWIDTH</emphasis> (out_bandwidth) -
        <emphasis>bandwidth</emphasis></term>

        <listitem>
          <para>The outgoing <emphasis>bandwidth</emphasis> of that interface.
          This is the maximum speed your connection can handle. It is also the
          speed you can refer as "full" if you define the tc classes in <ulink
          url="shorewall-tcclasses.html">shorewall-tcclasses</ulink>(5).
          Outgoing traffic above this rate will be dropped.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><emphasis role="bold">OPTIONS</emphasis> - {<emphasis
        role="bold">-</emphasis>|<emphasis
        role="bold">{classify</emphasis>|<emphasis
        role="bold">htb|hfsc</emphasis>|<emphasis
        role="bold">linklayer</emphasis>={<emphasis
        role="bold">ethernet</emphasis>|<emphasis
        role="bold">atm</emphasis>|<emphasis
        role="bold">adsl</emphasis>}|<emphasis
        role="bold">tsize</emphasis>=<replaceable>tsize</replaceable>|<emphasis
        role="bold">mtu</emphasis>=<replaceable>mtu</replaceable>|<emphasis
        role="bold">mpu</emphasis>=<replaceable>mpu</replaceable>|<emphasis
        role="bold">overhead</emphasis>=<replaceable>overhead</replaceable>}
        ,...}</term>

        <listitem>
          <para><option>classify</option> ― When specified, Shorewall will not
          generate tc or Netfilter rules to classify traffic based on packet
          marks. You must do all classification using CLASSIFY rules in <ulink
          url="shorewall-mangle.html">shorewall-mangle</ulink>(5).</para>

          <para><emphasis role="bold">connmark</emphasis> -- Added in
          Shorewall 5.2.7. May only be specified if the REDIRECTED_INTERFACES
          column is non-empty. It allows packet marks to be used to classify
          traffic for these interfaces.</para>

          <para><option>htb</option> - Use the <firstterm>Hierarchical Token
          Bucket</firstterm> queuing discipline. This is the default.</para>

          <para><option>hfsc</option> - Shorewall normally uses the
          Hierarchical Token Bucket queuing discipline. When
          <option>hfsc</option> is specified, the <firstterm>Hierarchical Fair
          Service Curves</firstterm> discipline is used instead (see tc-hfsc
          (7)).</para>

          <para><emphasis role="bold">linklayer</emphasis> - Added in
          Shorewall 4.5.6. Type of link (ethernet, atm, adsl). When specified,
          causes scheduler packet size manipulation as described in tc-stab
          (8). When this option is given, the following options may also be
          given after it:</para>

          <blockquote>
            <para><emphasis
            role="bold">mtu</emphasis>=<replaceable>mtu</replaceable> - The
            device MTU; default 2048 (will be rounded up to a power of
            two)</para>

            <para><emphasis
            role="bold">mpu</emphasis>=<replaceable>mpubytes</replaceable> -
            Minimum packet size used in calculations. Smaller packets will be
            rounded up to this size</para>

            <para><emphasis
            role="bold">tsize</emphasis>=<replaceable>tablesize</replaceable>
            - Size table entries; default is 512</para>

            <para><emphasis
            role="bold">overhead</emphasis>=<replaceable>overheadbytes</replaceable>
            - Number of overhead bytes per packet.</para>
          </blockquote>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><emphasis role="bold">REDIRECTED INTERFACES</emphasis>
        (redirect)-
        [<emphasis>interface</emphasis>[,<emphasis>interface</emphasis>]...]</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>May only be specified if the interface in the INTERFACE column
          is an Intermediate Frame Block (IFB) device. Causes packets that
          enter each listed interface to be passed through the egress filters
          defined for this device, thus providing a form of incoming traffic
          shaping. When this column is non-empty, the <emphasis
          role="bold">classify</emphasis> option is assumed unless the
          <emphasis role="bold">connmark</emphasis> option is
          specified.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>Examples</title>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>Example 1:</term>

        <listitem>
          <para>Suppose you are using PPP over Ethernet (DSL) and ppp0 is the
          interface for this. The device has an outgoing bandwidth of 500kbit
          and an incoming bandwidth of 6000kbit</para>

          <programlisting>        #INTERFACE   IN-BANDWIDTH    OUT-BANDWIDTH         OPTIONS         REDIRECTED
        #                                                                  INTERFACES
        1:ppp0         6000kbit        500kbit</programlisting>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>FILES</title>

    <para>/etc/shorewall/tcdevices</para>

    <para>/etc/shorewall6/tcdevices</para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>See ALSO</title>

    <para>tc-hfsc (7)</para>

    <para><ulink
    url="../traffic_shaping.htm">https://shorewall.org/traffic_shaping.htm</ulink></para>

    <para><ulink
    url="../configuration_file_basics.htm#Pairs">https://shorewall.org/configuration_file_basics.htm#Pairs</ulink></para>

    <para><ulink
    url="http://ace-host.stuart.id.au/russell/files/tc/doc/estimators.txt">http://ace-host.stuart.id.au/russell/files/tc/doc/estimators.txt</ulink></para>

    <para>shorewall(8)</para>
  </refsect1>
</refentry>