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< title > Copyright< / title >
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< h2 align = "center" > < font color = "#ffffff" > GNU Free Documentation License< / font > < / h2 >
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< p > Version 1.1, March 2000 < / p >
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< pre > Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.< br > 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA< br > Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies< br > of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.< br > < / pre >
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< p > < strong > 0. PREAMBLE< / strong > < / p >
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< p > The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other written
document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective
freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either
commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for
the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being
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considered responsible for modifications made by others. < / p >
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< p > This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works
of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements
the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for
free software. < / p >
< p > We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software,
because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come
with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this
License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual
work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed
book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction
or reference. < / p >
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< p > < strong > 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS< / strong > < / p >
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< p > This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice
placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms
of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work.
Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". < / p >
< p > A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document
or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated
into another language. < / p >
< p > A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers
or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related
matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall
subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics,
a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could
be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters,
or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
them. < / p >
< p > The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are
designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says
that the Document is released under this License. < / p >
< p > The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the
Document is released under this License. < / p >
< p > A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented
in a format whose specification is available to the general public, whose
contents can be viewed and edited directly and straightforwardly with generic
text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or
(for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable
for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of
formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise
Transparent file format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage
subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is not
"Transparent" is called "Opaque". < / p >
< p > Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII
without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using
a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML designed for
human modification. Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats
that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or
XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available,
and the machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output
purposes only. < / p >
< p > The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus
such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License
requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have
any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the most prominent
appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the
text. < / p >
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< p > < strong > 2. VERBATIM COPYING< / strong > < / p >
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< p > You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially
or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and
the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced
in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of
this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the
reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However,
you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large
enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
< / p >
< p > You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
you may publicly display copies. < / p >
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< p > < strong > 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY< / strong > < / p >
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< p > If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100,
and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose
the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts:
Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover.
Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of
these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words
of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on
the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long
as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions,
can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects. < / p >
< p > If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly,
you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual
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cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages. < / p >
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< p > If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more
than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along
with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a publicly-accessible
computer-network location containing a complete Transparent copy of the Document,
free of added material, which the general network-using public has access
to download anonymously at no charge using public-standard network protocols.
If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when
you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent
copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one
year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through
your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public. < / p >
< p > It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them
a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. < / p >
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< p > < strong > 4. MODIFICATIONS< / strong > < / p >
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< p > You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the
conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified
Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the
role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the
Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must
do these things in the Modified Version: < / p >
< p > <EFBFBD> < / p >
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< ul >
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< li > < strong > A.< / strong > Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any)
a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous
versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the
original publisher of that version gives permission. < / li >
< li > < strong > B.< / strong > List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more
persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in
the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors
of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five).
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< / li >
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< li > < strong > C.< / strong > State on the Title page the name of the publisher
of the Modified Version, as the publisher. < / li >
< li > < strong > D.< / strong > Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
< / li >
< li > < strong > E.< / strong > Add an appropriate copyright notice for your
modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices. < / li >
< li > < strong > F.< / strong > Include, immediately after the copyright notices,
a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version
under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
< / li >
< li > < strong > G.< / strong > Preserve in that license notice the full lists
of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's
license notice. < / li >
< li > < strong > H.< / strong > Include an unaltered copy of this License. < / li >
< li > < strong > I.< / strong > Preserve the section entitled "History", and its
title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors,
and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there
is no section entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the
title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title
Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the
previous sentence. < / li >
< li > < strong > J.< / strong > Preserve the network location, if any, given in
the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and
likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may
omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years
before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version
it refers to gives permission. < / li >
< li > < strong > K.< / strong > In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or
"Dedications", preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section
all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
and/or dedications given therein. < / li >
< li > < strong > L.< / strong > Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent
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are not considered part of the section titles. < / li >
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< li > < strong > M.< / strong > Delete any section entitled "Endorsements". Such
a section may not be included in the Modified Version. < / li >
< li > < strong > N.< / strong > Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements"
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or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. < / li >
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< / ul >
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< p > If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices
that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the
Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections
as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections
in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from
any other section titles. < / p >
< p > You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing
but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for example,
statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization
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as the authoritative definition of a standard. < / p >
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< p > You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of
Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text
and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made
by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the
same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity
you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace
the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added
the old one. < / p >
< p > The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply
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endorsement of any Modified Version. < / p >
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< p > < strong > 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS< / strong > < / p >
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< p > You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License,
under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided
that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all
of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections
of your combined work in its license notice. < / p >
< p > The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple
identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there
are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents,
make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in
parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section
if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section
titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined
work. < / p >
< p > In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History" in
the various original documents, forming one section entitled "History"; likewise
combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections entitled
"Dedications". You must delete all sections entitled "Endorsements." < / p >
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< p > < strong > 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS< / strong > < / p >
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< p > You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License
in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection,
provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of
each of the documents in all other respects. < / p >
< p > You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License
into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects
regarding verbatim copying of that document. < / p >
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< p > < strong > 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS< / strong > < / p >
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< p > A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and
independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution
medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version of the Document, provided
no compilation copyright is claimed for the compilation. Such a compilation
is called an "aggregate", and this License does not apply to the other self-contained
works thus compiled with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled,
if they are not themselves derivative works of the Document. < / p >
< p > If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies
of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter of the entire
aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that surround
only the Document within the aggregate. Otherwise they must appear on covers
around the whole aggregate. < / p >
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< p > < strong > 8. TRANSLATION< / strong > < / p >
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< p > Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute
translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant
Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright
holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections
in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may
include a translation of this License provided that you also include the
original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement between
the translation and the original English version of this License, the original
English version will prevail. < / p >
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< p > < strong > 9. TERMINATION< / strong > < / p >
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< p > You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy,
modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically
terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received
copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses
terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. < / p >
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< p > < strong > 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE< / strong > < / p >
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< p > The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the
GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/. < / p >
< p > Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License
"or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the
terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version
that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may
choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
< / p >
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