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178 lines
10 KiB
HTML
178 lines
10 KiB
HTML
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 5.0">
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<meta name="ProgId" content="FrontPage.Editor.Document">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
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<title>Starting and Stopping Shorewall</title>
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<meta name="Microsoft Theme" content="boldstri 011, default">
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1 align="center">Starting/Stopping and Monitoring the Firewall</h1>
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<p>
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If you have a permanent internet connection such as DSL or Cable, I
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recommend that you start the firewall automatically at boot. Once you
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have installed "firewall" in your init.d directory, simply type "chkconfig
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--add firewall". This will start the firewall in run levels 2-5 and stop
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it in run levels 1 and 6. If you want to configure your firewall differently
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from this default, you can use the "--level" option in chkconfig
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(see "man chkconfig") or using your favorite graphical run-level editor.</p>
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<p><strong><u>
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<font color="#000099">
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Important Note:</font></u> </strong></p>
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<p>
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If you use dialup, you may want to start the firewall in your /etc/ppp/ip-up.local
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script. I recommend just placing "shorewall restart" in that script.
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</p>
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<p>
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You can manually start and stop Shoreline Firewall using the "shorewall"
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shell program: </p>
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<ul>
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<li>shorewall start - starts the firewall</li>
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<li>shorewall stop - stops the firewall</li>
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<li>shorewall restart - stops the firewall (if it's running) and
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then starts it again</li>
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<li>shorewall reset - reset the packet and byte counters in the
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firewall</li>
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<li>shorewall clear - remove all rules and chains installed by
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Shoreline Firewall</li>
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<li>shorewall refresh - refresh the rules involving the broadcast addresses
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of firewall interfaces and the black and white lists.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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The "shorewall" program may also be used to monitor the firewall.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>shorewall status - produce a verbose report about the firewall
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(iptables -L -n -v)</li>
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<li>shorewall show <i>chain</i> - produce a verbose report about <i>chain
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</i>(iptables -L <i>chain</i> -n -v)</li>
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<li>shorewall show nat - produce a verbose report about the nat table
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(iptables -t nat -L -n -v)</li>
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<li>shorewall show tos - produce a verbose report about the mangle table
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(iptables -t mangle -L -n -v)</li>
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<li>shorewall show log - display the last 20 packet log entries.</li>
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<li>shorewall show connections - displays the IP connections currently being
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tracked by the firewall.</li>
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<li>shorewall
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show
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tc
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- displays information about the traffic control/shaping configuration.</li>
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<li>shorewall monitor [ delay ] - Continuously display the firewall
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status, last 20 log entries and nat. When the log entry display
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changes, an audible alarm is sounded.</li>
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<li>shorewall hits - Produces several reports about the Shorewall packet log
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messages in the current /var/log/messages file.</li>
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<li>shorewall version - Displays the installed
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version number.</li>
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<li>shorewall check - Performs a <u>cursory</u> validation
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of the zones, interfaces, hosts, rules and policy files.
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<font size="4" color="#FF6666"><b>The "check" command does not parse and
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validate the generated iptables commands so even though the "check" command
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completes successfully, the configuration may fail to start. See the
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recommended way to make configuration changes described below. </b></font>
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</li>
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<li>shorewall try<i> configuration-directory</i> [<i> timeout</i> ] - Restart shorewall using the
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specified configuration and if an error occurs or if the<i> timeout </i>
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option is given and the new configuration has been up for that many seconds
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then shorewall is restarted using the standard configuration.</li>
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<li>shorewall deny, shorewall reject, shorewall accept and shorewall save
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implement <a href="blacklisting_support.htm">dynamic blacklisting</a>.</li>
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<li>shorewall logwatch (added in version 1.3.2) - Monitors the
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<a href="#Conf">LOGFILE </a>and produces an audible alarm when new Shorewall
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messages are logged.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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The <b>shorewall start</b>, <b>shorewall restart, shorewall check </b> and
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<b>shorewall try </b>commands allow you to specify which <a href="#Configs">
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Shorewall configuration</a>
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to use:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>
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shorewall [ -c <i>configuration-directory</i> ] {start|restart|check}<br>
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shorewall try <i>configuration-directory</i></p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>
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If a <i>configuration-directory</i> is specified, each time that Shorewall
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is going to use a file in /etc/shorewall it will first look in the <i>configuration-directory</i>
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. If the file is present in the <i>configuration-directory</i>, that file
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will be used; otherwise, the file in /etc/shorewall will be used.</p>
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<p>
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When changing the configuration of a production firewall, I recommend the
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following:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>mkdir /etc/test</li>
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<li>cd /etc/test</li>
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<li><copy any files that you need to change from /etc/shorewall to . and change them here></li>
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<li>shorewall -c . check</li>
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<li><correct any errors found by check and check again></li>
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<li>/sbin/shorewall try .</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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If the configuration starts but doesn't work, just "shorewall restart" to
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restore the old configuration. If the new configuration fails to start, the
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"try" command will automatically start the old one for you.</p>
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<p>
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When the new configuration works then just </p>
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<ul>
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<li>cp * /etc/shorewall</li>
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<li>cd</li>
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<li>rm -rf /etc/test</li>
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</ul>
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<p><font size="2">
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Updated 8/8/2002 - <a href="support.htm">Tom
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Eastep</a>
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</font></p>
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<p><font face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="copyright.htm"><font size="2">Copyright</font>
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<20> <font size="2">2001, 2002 Thomas M. Eastep.</font></a></font></p>
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</body>
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</html>
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