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Comprehensive posessive pronoun review (it's only ever means 'it is' or 'it has')
git-svn-id: https://shorewall.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/shorewall/trunk@5757 fbd18981-670d-0410-9b5c-8dc0c1a9a2bb
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@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
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compile time as well as at run time.</para>
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compile time as well as at run time.</para>
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<para>Running the script at compile time allows variable
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<para>Running the script at compile time allows variable
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expansion (expanding $variable to it's defined value) of
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expansion (expanding $variable to its defined value) of
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variables used in Shorewall configuration files to occur at
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variables used in Shorewall configuration files to occur at
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compile time. Running it at run-time allows your extension
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compile time. Running it at run-time allows your extension
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scripts to use the variables that it creates. BUT -- for any
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scripts to use the variables that it creates. BUT -- for any
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@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ clean:
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compile time as well as at run time.</para>
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compile time as well as at run time.</para>
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<para>Running the script at compile time allows variable
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<para>Running the script at compile time allows variable
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expansion (expanding $variable to it's defined value) of
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expansion (expanding $variable to its defined value) of
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variables used in Shorewall configuration files to occur at
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variables used in Shorewall configuration files to occur at
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compile time. Running it at run-time allows your extension
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compile time. Running it at run-time allows your extension
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scripts to use the variables that it creates. BUT -- for any
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scripts to use the variables that it creates. BUT -- for any
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@ -4248,11 +4248,11 @@ all all tcp ftp-data - 8</programlisting
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<para>Must be DNAT or SNAT.</para>
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<para>Must be DNAT or SNAT.</para>
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<para>If DNAT, traffic entering INTERFACE and addressed to NET1 has
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<para>If DNAT, traffic entering INTERFACE and addressed to NET1 has
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it's destination address rewritten to the corresponding address in
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its destination address rewritten to the corresponding address in
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NET2.</para>
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NET2.</para>
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<para>If SNAT, traffic leaving INTERFACE with a source address in
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<para>If SNAT, traffic leaving INTERFACE with a source address in
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NET1 has it's source address rewritten to the corresponding address
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NET1 has its source address rewritten to the corresponding address
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in NET2.</para>
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in NET2.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ net ipv4
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<para>You must define the vpn zone using the
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<para>You must define the vpn zone using the
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/hosts</filename> file. The hosts file entries
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/hosts</filename> file. The hosts file entries
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below assume that you want the remote gateway to be part of the vpn zone —
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below assume that you want the remote gateway to be part of the vpn zone —
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If you don't wish the remote gateway included, simply omit it's IP address
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If you don't wish the remote gateway included, simply omit its IP address
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from the HOSTS column.</para>
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from the HOSTS column.</para>
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<blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
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state tracking capabilities.</para>
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state tracking capabilities.</para>
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<para>Shorewall is not a daemon. Once Shorewall has configured
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<para>Shorewall is not a daemon. Once Shorewall has configured
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Netfilter, it's job is complete and there is no <quote>Shorewall
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Netfilter, its job is complete and there is no <quote>Shorewall
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process</quote> left running in your system. The <ulink
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process</quote> left running in your system. The <ulink
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url="starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm">/sbin/shorewall program can be
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url="starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm">/sbin/shorewall program can be
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used at any time to monitor the Netfilter firewall</ulink>.</para>
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used at any time to monitor the Netfilter firewall</ulink>.</para>
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@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ $WIFI_IF 00:1f:79:cd:fe:2e 192.168.3.6 #Work Laptop
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<para>While marketed as a wireless bridge, the WET11 behaves like a
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<para>While marketed as a wireless bridge, the WET11 behaves like a
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wireless router with DHCP relay. When forwarding DHCP traffic, it
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wireless router with DHCP relay. When forwarding DHCP traffic, it
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uses the MAC address of the host (TIPPER) but for other forwarded
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uses the MAC address of the host (TIPPER) but for other forwarded
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traffic it uses it's own MAC address. Consequently, I list the IP
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traffic it uses its own MAC address. Consequently, I list the IP
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addresses of both devices in /etc/shorewall/maclist.</para>
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addresses of both devices in /etc/shorewall/maclist.</para>
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</note></para>
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</note></para>
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</example>
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</example>
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@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ bar:debug</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Macros are expanded in-line while each action is it's own chain.
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<para>Macros are expanded in-line while each action is its own chain.
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So if there are a lot of rules involved in your new action/macro then
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So if there are a lot of rules involved in your new action/macro then
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it is generally better to use an action than a macro. Only the packets
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it is generally better to use an action than a macro. Only the packets
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selected when you invoke the action are directed to the corresponding
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selected when you invoke the action are directed to the corresponding
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@ -259,7 +259,7 @@
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<caution>
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<caution>
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<para>The Shorewall implementation of Multi-ISP support assumes
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<para>The Shorewall implementation of Multi-ISP support assumes
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that each provider has it's own interface.</para>
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that each provider has its own interface.</para>
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</caution>
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</caution>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
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<section>
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<section>
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<title>I Need Separate Zones</title>
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<title>I Need Separate Zones</title>
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<para>If you need to make 192.168.2.0/24 into it's own zone, you can do
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<para>If you need to make 192.168.2.0/24 into its own zone, you can do
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it one of two ways; Nested Zones or Parallel Zones. Again, it is likely
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it one of two ways; Nested Zones or Parallel Zones. Again, it is likely
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that you will need to be running Shorewall 2.0.16 or later and that you
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that you will need to be running Shorewall 2.0.16 or later and that you
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will have to set DROPINVALID=No in
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will have to set DROPINVALID=No in
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@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Device "eth0:0" does not exist.
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</example>
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</example>
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<para>The iptables program doesn't support virtual interfaces in either
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<para>The iptables program doesn't support virtual interfaces in either
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it's <quote>-i</quote> or <quote>-o</quote> command options; as a
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its <quote>-i</quote> or <quote>-o</quote> command options; as a
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consequence, Shorewall does not allow them to be used in the
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consequence, Shorewall does not allow them to be used in the
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/etc/shorewall/interfaces file or anywhere else except as described in the
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/etc/shorewall/interfaces file or anywhere else except as described in the
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discussion below.</para>
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discussion below.</para>
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@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ vpn tun+ -
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<para><filename>/etc/shorewall/masq (Note the cute trick here and in
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<para><filename>/etc/shorewall/masq (Note the cute trick here and in
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the <filename>following proxyarp</filename> file that allows me to
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the <filename>following proxyarp</filename> file that allows me to
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access the DSL "Modem" using it's default IP address
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access the DSL "Modem" using its default IP address
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(192.168.1.1))</filename>. The leading "+" is required to place the
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(192.168.1.1))</filename>. The leading "+" is required to place the
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rule before the SNAT rules generated by entries in
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rule before the SNAT rules generated by entries in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/nat</filename> above.</para>
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/nat</filename> above.</para>
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@ -562,7 +562,7 @@ vpn tun+ -
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<para><filename>/etc/shorewall/masq (Note the cute trick here and in
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<para><filename>/etc/shorewall/masq (Note the cute trick here and in
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the <filename>following proxyarp</filename> file that allows me to
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the <filename>following proxyarp</filename> file that allows me to
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access the DSL "Modem" using it's default IP address
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access the DSL "Modem" using its default IP address
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(192.168.1.1))</filename>. The leading "+" is required to place the
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(192.168.1.1))</filename>. The leading "+" is required to place the
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rule before the SNAT rules generated by entries in
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rule before the SNAT rules generated by entries in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/nat</filename> above.</para>
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/nat</filename> above.</para>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>It is a good idea to <ulink url="ping.htm">accept 'ping'</ulink>
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<para>It is a good idea to <ulink url="ping.htm">accept 'ping'</ulink>
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on any interface that gets it's IP address via DHCP. That way, if the
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on any interface that gets its IP address via DHCP. That way, if the
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DHCP server is configured with 'ping-check' true, you won't be
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DHCP server is configured with 'ping-check' true, you won't be
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blocking its 'ping' requests.</para>
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blocking its 'ping' requests.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<para>Must be DNAT or SNAT.</para>
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<para>Must be DNAT or SNAT.</para>
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<para>If DNAT, traffic entering INTERFACE and addressed to NET1 has
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<para>If DNAT, traffic entering INTERFACE and addressed to NET1 has
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it's destination address rewritten to the corresponding address in
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its destination address rewritten to the corresponding address in
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NET2.</para>
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NET2.</para>
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<para>If SNAT, traffic leaving INTERFACE with a source address in
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<para>If SNAT, traffic leaving INTERFACE with a source address in
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NET1 has it's source address rewritten to the corresponding address
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NET1 has its source address rewritten to the corresponding address
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in NET2.</para>
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in NET2.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">ensure_and_save_command()</emphasis> --
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<para><emphasis role="bold">ensure_and_save_command()</emphasis> --
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runs the passed command. If the command fails, the firewall is
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runs the passed command. If the command fails, the firewall is
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restored to it's prior saved state and the operation is terminated.
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restored to its prior saved state and the operation is terminated.
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If the command succeeds, the command is written to the restore
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If the command succeeds, the command is written to the restore
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file</para>
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file</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
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<orderedlist>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If you give, for example, kern.info it's own log destination
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<para>If you give, for example, kern.info its own log destination
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then that destination will also receive all kernel messages of
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then that destination will also receive all kernel messages of
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levels 5 (notice) through 0 (emerg).</para>
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levels 5 (notice) through 0 (emerg).</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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instructions.</para>
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instructions.</para>
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<para>Shorewall views the network where it is running as being composed of
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<para>Shorewall views the network where it is running as being composed of
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a set of zones. In this guide, we will use the following zones:</para>
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a set of zones. A zone is one or more hosts, which can be defined
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as individual hosts or networks in
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<filename class="directory">/etc/shorewall/hosts</filename>, or as
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an entire interface in <filename
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class="directory">/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename>. In this
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guide, we will use the following zones:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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@ -1075,7 +1080,7 @@ Destination Gateway Genmask Flgs MSS Win irtt Iface
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<para>When sending packets over Ethernet, IP addresses aren't used.
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<para>When sending packets over Ethernet, IP addresses aren't used.
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Rather Ethernet addressing is based on <emphasis>Media Access
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Rather Ethernet addressing is based on <emphasis>Media Access
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Control</emphasis> (MAC) addresses. Each Ethernet device has it's own
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Control</emphasis> (MAC) addresses. Each Ethernet device has its own
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unique MAC address which is burned into a PROM on the device during
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unique MAC address which is burned into a PROM on the device during
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manufacture. You can obtain the MAC of an Ethernet device using the
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manufacture. You can obtain the MAC of an Ethernet device using the
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<quote>ip</quote> utility:</para>
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<quote>ip</quote> utility:</para>
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@ -1792,7 +1797,7 @@ ACCEPT net $FW tcp ssh #SSH to the
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<para>The above discussion reflects my personal preference for using
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<para>The above discussion reflects my personal preference for using
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Proxy ARP for my servers in my DMZ and SNAT/NAT for my local systems. I
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Proxy ARP for my servers in my DMZ and SNAT/NAT for my local systems. I
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prefer to use NAT only in cases where a system that is part of an RFC
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prefer to use NAT only in cases where a system that is part of an RFC
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1918 subnet needs to have it's own public IP.</para>
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1918 subnet needs to have its own public IP.</para>
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<para><inlinegraphic fileref="images/BD21298_.gif" /></para>
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<para><inlinegraphic fileref="images/BD21298_.gif" /></para>
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@ -1907,7 +1912,7 @@ ACCEPT net $FW tcp ssh #SSH to the
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systems named www.foobar.net and mail.foobar.net and you want the three
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systems named www.foobar.net and mail.foobar.net and you want the three
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local systems named "winken.foobar.net, blinken.foobar.net and
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local systems named "winken.foobar.net, blinken.foobar.net and
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nod.foobar.net. You want your firewall to be known as firewall.foobar.net
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nod.foobar.net. You want your firewall to be known as firewall.foobar.net
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externally and it's interface to the local network to be know as
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externally and its interface to the local network to be know as
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gateway.foobar.net and its interface to the dmz as dmz.foobar.net. Let's
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gateway.foobar.net and its interface to the dmz as dmz.foobar.net. Let's
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have the DNS server on 192.0.2.177 which will also be known by the name
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have the DNS server on 192.0.2.177 which will also be known by the name
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ns1.foobar.net.</para>
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ns1.foobar.net.</para>
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@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ gateway:~ #</programlisting>
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</itemizedlist>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>If the <command>restart</command> fails, your configuration will be
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<para>If the <command>restart</command> fails, your configuration will be
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restored to it's state at the last <command>shorewall
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restored to its state at the last <command>shorewall
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save</command>.</para>
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save</command>.</para>
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<para>When the new configuration works then just:</para>
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<para>When the new configuration works then just:</para>
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@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ DNAT loc loc:192.168.1.12 tcp 80 - 130.252.100.69</p
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>ensure_and_save_command() -- runs the passed command. If the
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<para>ensure_and_save_command() -- runs the passed command. If the
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command fails, the firewall is restored to it's prior saved state
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command fails, the firewall is restored to its prior saved state
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and the operation is terminated. If the command succeeds, the
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and the operation is terminated. If the command succeeds, the
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command is written to the restore file</para>
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command is written to the restore file</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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