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Add Shorewall-perl documentation
git-svn-id: https://shorewall.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/shorewall/trunk@5861 fbd18981-670d-0410-9b5c-8dc0c1a9a2bb
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@ -122,8 +122,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="shorewall_logging.html">Logging</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="shorewall_setup_guide.htm">Shorewall Setup
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Guide</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="Shorewall-perl.html">Shorewall
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Perl</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -132,7 +132,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="Macros.html">Macros</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="samba.htm">SMB</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="shorewall_setup_guide.htm">Shorewall Setup
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Guide</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -142,8 +143,7 @@
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<entry><ulink url="MAC_Validation.html">MAC
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Verification</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="Shorewall_Squid_Usage.html">Squid with
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Shorewall</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="samba.htm">SMB</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -154,9 +154,8 @@
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from a Single Firewall</ulink> (<ulink
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url="MultiISP_ru.html">Russian</ulink>)</entry>
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<entry><ulink
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url="starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm">Starting/stopping the
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Firewall</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="Shorewall_Squid_Usage.html">Squid with
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Shorewall</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -166,8 +165,9 @@
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<entry><ulink url="Multiple_Zones.html">Multiple Zones Through One
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Interface</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="NAT.htm">Static (one-to-one)
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NAT</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink
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url="starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm">Starting/stopping the
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Firewall</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -177,7 +177,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="XenMyWay-Routed.html">My Shorewall
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Configuration</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="support.htm">Support</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="NAT.htm">Static (one-to-one)
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NAT</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -187,8 +188,7 @@
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<entry><ulink url="NetfilterOverview.html">Netfilter
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Overview</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="Accounting.html">Traffic
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Accounting</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="support.htm">Support</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -197,9 +197,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="netmap.html">Network Mapping</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="traffic_shaping.htm">Traffic
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Shaping/QOS</ulink> (<ulink
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url="traffic_shaping_ru.html">Russian</ulink>)</entry>
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<entry><ulink url="Accounting.html">Traffic
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Accounting</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -208,8 +207,9 @@
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<entry><ulink url="NAT.htm">One-to-one NAT</ulink> (Static
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NAT)</entry>
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<entry><ulink
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url="troubleshoot.htm">Troubleshooting</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="traffic_shaping.htm">Traffic
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Shaping/QOS</ulink> (<ulink
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url="traffic_shaping_ru.html">Russian</ulink>)</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -218,7 +218,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="OPENVPN.html">OpenVPN</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="UPnP.html">UPnP</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink
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url="troubleshoot.htm">Troubleshooting</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -228,8 +229,7 @@
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<entry><ulink url="starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm">Operating
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Shorewall</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="upgrade_issues.htm">Upgrade
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Issues</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="UPnP.html">UPnP</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -239,7 +239,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="PacketMarking.html">Packet
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Marking</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="VPNBasics.html">VPN</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="upgrade_issues.htm">Upgrade
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Issues</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -249,8 +250,7 @@
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<entry><ulink url="PacketHandling.html">Packet Processing in a
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Shorewall-based Firewall</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="whitelisting_under_shorewall.htm">White List
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Creation</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="VPNBasics.html">VPN</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -258,8 +258,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="ping.html">'Ping' Management</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="XenMyWay.html">Xen - Shorewall in a Bridged Xen
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DomU</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="whitelisting_under_shorewall.htm">White List
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Creation</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -268,8 +268,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="ports.htm">Port Information</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="Xen.html">Xen - Shorewall in Bridged Xen
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Dom0</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="XenMyWay.html">Xen - Shorewall in a Bridged Xen
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DomU</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -279,8 +279,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="PortKnocking.html">Port Knocking and Other Uses
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of the 'Recent Match'</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="XenMyWay-Routed.html">Xen - Shorewall in Routed
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Xen Dom0</ulink></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="Xen.html">Xen - Shorewall in Bridged Xen
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Dom0</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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@ -288,7 +288,8 @@
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<entry><ulink url="PPTP.htm">PPTP</ulink></entry>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry><ulink url="XenMyWay-Routed.html">Xen - Shorewall in Routed
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Xen Dom0</ulink></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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350
docs/Shorewall-perl.xml
Normal file
350
docs/Shorewall-perl.xml
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<article>
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<!--$Id: template.xml 4194 2006-07-07 01:04:16Z judas_iscariote $-->
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<articleinfo>
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<title>Shorewall-perl</title>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Tom</firstname>
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<surname>Eastep</surname>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<pubdate><?dbtimestamp format="Y/m/d"?></pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2007</year>
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<holder>Thomas M. Eastep</holder>
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</copyright>
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<legalnotice>
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<para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
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1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with
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no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover, and with no Back-Cover
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Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
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<quote><ulink url="GnuCopyright.htm">GNU Free Documentation
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License</ulink></quote>.</para>
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</legalnotice>
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</articleinfo>
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<section>
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<title>Shorewall-perl - What is it?</title>
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<para>Shorewall-perl is a companion product to Shorewall. It requires
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Shorewall 3.4.2 or later. </para>
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<para>Shorewall-perl contains a re-implementation of the Shorewall
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compiler written in Perl. The advantages of using Shorewall-perl are over
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Shorewall-shell (the shell-based compiler included in earlier Shorewall
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3.x releases) are:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The Shorewall-perl compiler is much faster.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The script generated by the compiler uses
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<command>iptables-restore</command> to instantiate the Netfilter
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configuration. So it runs much faster than the script generated by the
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Shorewall-shell compiler.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The Shorewall-perl compiler does more thorough checking of the
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configuration than the Shorewall-shell compiler does.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Going forward, the Shorewall-perl compiler will get all
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enhancements; the Shorewall-shell compiler will only get those
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enhancements that are easy to retrofit.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Shorewall-perl - The down side</title>
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<para>While there are advantages to using Shorewall-perl, there are also
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disadvantages:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>There are a number of incompatibilities between the
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Shorewall-perl compiler and the earlier one.</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The Perl-based compiler requires the following capabilities
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in your kernel and iptables.</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>addrtype match (may be relaxed later)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>multiport match (will not be relaxed)</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>These capabilities are in current distributions.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Now that Netfilter has features to deal reasonably with port
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lists, I see no reason to duplicate those features in Shorewall.
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The Shorewall-shell compiler goes to great pain (in some cases) to
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break very long port lists ( > 15 where port ranges in lists
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count as two ports) into individual rules. In the new compiler,
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I'm avoiding the ugliness required to do that. The new compiler
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just generates an error if your list is too long. It will also
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produce an error if you insert a port range into a port list and
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you don't have extended multiport support.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>BRIDGING=Yes is not supported. The kernel code necessary to
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support this option was removed in Linux kernel 2.6.20.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The BROADCAST column in the interfaces file is essentially
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unused; if you enter anything in this column but '-' or 'detect',
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you will receive a warning. This will be relaxed if and when the
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addrtype match requirement is relaxed.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para> Because the compiler is now written in Perl, your
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compile-time extension scripts from earlier versions will no
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longer work. For now, if you want to use extension scripts, you
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will need to read the Perl code to see how the compiler operates
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internally. I will produce documentation before the first official
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release. Compile-time extension scripts are executed using the
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Perl 'do FILE' mechanism.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The 'refresh' command is now synonymous with
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'restart'.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Some run-time extension scripts are no longer supported
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because they make no sense (iptables-restore instantiates the new
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configuration atomically).</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>continue</member>
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<member>initdone</member>
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<member>continue</member>
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<member>refresh</member>
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<member>refreshed</member>
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</simplelist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/shorewall/tos</filename> file now has
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zone-independent SOURCE and DEST columns as do all other files
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except the rules and policy files.</para>
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<para>The SOURCE column may be one of the following:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>[<command>all</command>:]<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]</member>
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<member>[<command>all</command>:]<<replaceable>interface</replaceable>>[:<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]]</member>
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<member><command>$FW</command>[:<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]]</member>
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</simplelist>
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<para>The DEST column may be one of the following:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>[<command>all</command>:]<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]</member>
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<member>[<command>all</command>:]<<replaceable>interface</replaceable>>[:<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]]</member>
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</simplelist>
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<para>This is a permanent change. The old zone-based rules have
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never worked right and this is a good time to replace them. I've
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tried to make the new syntax cover the most common cases without
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requiring change to existing files. In particular, it will handle
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the tos file released with Shorewall 1.4 and earlier.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Currently, support for ipsets is untested. That will change
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with future pre-releases but one thing is certain -- Shorewall is
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now out of the ipset load/reload business. With scripts generated
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by the Perl-based Compiler, the Netfilter ruleset is never
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cleared. That means that there is no opportunity for Shorewall to
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load/reload your ipsets since that cannot be done while there are
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any current rules using ipsets. </para>
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<para>So:</para>
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<orderedlist numeration="upperroman">
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<listitem>
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<para>Your ipsets must be loaded before Shorewall starts. You
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are free to try to do that with the following code in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/start</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting>if [ "$COMMAND" = start ]; then
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ipset -U :all: :all:
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ipset -F
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||||
ipset -X
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ipset -R < /etc/shorewall/ipsets
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fi</programlisting>
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<para>The file <filename>/etc/shorewall/ipsets</filename> will
|
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normally be produced using the <command>ipset -S</command>
|
||||
command.</para>
|
||||
|
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<para>The above will work most of the time but will fail in a
|
||||
<command>shorewall stop</command> - <command>shorewall
|
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start</command> sequence if you use ipsets in your
|
||||
routestopped file (see below).</para>
|
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</listitem>
|
||||
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<listitem>
|
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<para>Your ipsets may not be reloaded until Shorewall is
|
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stopped or cleared.</para>
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</listitem>
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||||
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<listitem>
|
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<para>If you specify ipsets in your routestopped file then
|
||||
Shorewall must be cleared in order to reload your
|
||||
ipsets.</para>
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</listitem>
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||||
</orderedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>As a consequence, scripts generated by the Perl-based
|
||||
compiler will ignore <filename>/etc/shorewall/ipsets</filename>
|
||||
and will issue a warning if you set SAVE_IPSETS=Yes in
|
||||
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename>.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para> Because the configuration files (with the exception of
|
||||
<filename>/etc/shorewall/params</filename>) are now processed by
|
||||
the Shorewall-perl compiler rather than by the shell, only the
|
||||
basic forms of Shell expansion ($variable and ${variable}) are
|
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supported. The more exotic forms such as ${variable:=default} are
|
||||
not supported. Both variables defined in /etc/shorewall/params and
|
||||
environmental variables (exported by the shell) can be used in
|
||||
configuration files.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
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||||
<listitem>
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<para>USE_ACTIONS=No is not supported. That option is intended to
|
||||
minimize Shorewall's footprint in embedded applications. As a
|
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consequence, Default Macros are not supported.</para>
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||||
</listitem>
|
||||
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||||
<listitem>
|
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<para>DELAYBLACKLISTLOAD=Yes is not supported. The entire ruleset
|
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is atomically loaded with one execution of
|
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<command>iptables-restore</command>.</para>
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</listitem>
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||||
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||||
<listitem>
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<para>MAPOLDACTIONS=Yes is not supported. People should have
|
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converted to using macros by now.</para>
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||||
</listitem>
|
||||
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||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The pre Shorewall-3.0 format of the zones file is not
|
||||
supported; neither is the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/shorewall/ipsec</filename> file.</para>
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||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</orderedlist>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
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||||
<section>
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||||
<title>Shorewall-perl - Prerequisites</title>
|
||||
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||||
<para>In addition to Shorewall-3.4.2 or later, you need:</para>
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||||
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||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Perl (I use Perl 5.8.8 but other versions should work
|
||||
fine)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Perl Cwd Module</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Perl File::Basename Module</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Perl File::Temp Module</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section>
|
||||
<title>Shorewall-perl - Installation</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<caution>
|
||||
<para>Shorewall-perl is still part of the <ulink
|
||||
url="ReleaseModel.html">current development release</ulink>. Use it at
|
||||
your own risk. </para>
|
||||
</caution>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Either</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting><command>tar -jxf shorewall-perl-3.9.1.tar.bz2</command>
|
||||
<command>cd shorewall-perl-3.9.1</command>
|
||||
<command>./install.sh</command></programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>or</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting><command>rpm -ivh shoreawll-pl-3.9.1-1.noarch.rpm</command></programlisting>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section>
|
||||
<title>Using Shorewall-perl</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>By default, the Shorewall-shell compiler will be used.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To use the Shorewall-perl compiler, add this to
|
||||
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>SHOREWALL_COMPILER=perl</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you add this setting to
|
||||
<filename>/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</filename> then by default, the
|
||||
new compiler will be used on the system. If you add it to
|
||||
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename> in a separate directory (such as a
|
||||
Shorewall-lite export directory) then the new compiler will only be used
|
||||
when you compile from that directory.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Regardless of the setting of SHOREWALL_COMPILER, there is one change
|
||||
in Shorewall operation that is triggered simply by installing
|
||||
Shorewall-perl. Your params file will be processed with the shell's '-a'
|
||||
option which causes any variables that you set or create in that file to
|
||||
be automatically exported. Since the params file is processed before
|
||||
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename>, using -a insures that the settings of
|
||||
your params variables are available to the new compiler should it's use be
|
||||
specified in <filename>shorewall.conf</filename>.</para>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@ -85,8 +85,8 @@
|
||||
<orderedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Combination Firewall/Public Server/Private Server/Wireless
|
||||
Gateway using Xen (created by building out my Linux desktop
|
||||
system).</para>
|
||||
Gateway using Xen (created by building out my Linux desktop system --
|
||||
Now replaced by a Hewlett-Packard Pavilion a1510y).</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</orderedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Linux systems run either <trademark>SuSE </trademark>10.1 or
|
||||
<para>The Linux systems run either <trademark>OpenSuSE </trademark>10.2 or
|
||||
<trademark>Ubuntu</trademark> "Edgy Eft".</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Here is a high-level diagram of our network.</para>
|
||||
@ -1010,4 +1010,4 @@ esac
|
||||
</blockquote>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user