Description

shorewall6-rules 5 rules Shorewall6 rules file /etc/shorewall6/rules Description Entries in this file govern connection establishment by defining exceptions to the policies layed out in shorewall6-policy(5). By default, subsequent requests and responses are automatically allowed using connection tracking. For any particular (source,dest) pair of zones, the rules are evaluated in the order in which they appear in this file and the first terminating match is the one that determines the disposition of the request. All rules are terminating except LOG and QUEUE rules. The rules file is divided into sections. Each section is introduced by a "Section Header" which is a line beginning with SECTION and followed by the section name. Sections are as follows and must appear in the order listed: BLACKLIST This section was added in Shorewall 4.4.25 and is only permitted when BLACKLISTSECTION=Yes in shorewall6.conf(5). Rules in this section are applied depending on the setting of BLACKLISTNEWONLY in shorewall6.conf(5). If BLACKLISTNEWONLY=No, then they are applied regardless of the connection tracking state of the packet. If BLACKLISTNEWONLY=Yes, they are applied to connections in the NEW and INVALID states. ALL This section was added in Shorewall 4.4.23. rules in this section are applied, regardless of the connection tracking state of the packet. ESTABLISHED Packets in the ESTABLISHED state are processed by rules in this section. The only ACTIONs allowed in this section are ACCEPT, DROP, REJECT, LOG and QUEUE There is an implicit ACCEPT rule inserted at the end of this section. RELATED Packets in the RELATED state are processed by rules in this section. The only ACTIONs allowed in this section are ACCEPT, DROP, REJECT, LOG and QUEUE There is an implicit ACCEPT rule inserted at the end of this section. NEW Packets in the NEW, INVALID and UNTRACKED states are processed by rules in this section. If you are not familiar with Netfilter to the point where you are comfortable with the differences between the various connection tracking states, then it is suggested that you omit the ESTABLISHED and RELATED sections and place all of your rules in the NEW section (That's after the line that reads SECTION NEW'). If you specify FASTACCEPT=Yes in shorewall6.conf(5) then the ESTABLISHED and RELATED sections must be empty. You may omit any section that you don't need. If no Section Headers appear in the file then all rules are assumed to be in the NEW section. The columns in the file are as follows (where the column name is followed by a different name in parentheses, the different name is used in the alternate specification syntax). ACTION - {ACCEPT[|]|DROP[]|REJECT[]|DNAT[-]|SAME[-]|CONTINUE[]|LOG|QUEUE[]|NFQUEUE[(queuenumber)]|COMMENT|action|macro[(target)]}[:{log-level|none}[!][:tag]] Specifies the action to be taken if the connection request matches the rule. Must be one of the following. ACCEPT Allow the connection request. ACCEPT! like ACCEPT but exempts the rule from being suppressed by OPTIMIZE=1 in shorewall6.conf(5). Not available in the BLACKLIST section. A_ACCEPT and A_ACCEPT! Added in Shorewall 4.4.20. Audited versions of ACCEPT and ACCEPT! respectively. Require AUDIT_TARGET support in the kernel and ip6tables. A_ACCEPT! is not available in the BLACKLIST section. DROP Ignore the request. DROP! like DROP but exempts the rule from being suppressed by OPTIMIZE=1 in shorewall6.conf(5). Not available in the BLACKLIST section. A_DROP and A_DROP! Added in Shorewall 4.4.20. Audited versions of DROP and DROP! respectively. Require AUDIT_TARGET support in the kernel and ip6tables. A_DROP! is not available in the BLACKLIST section. REJECT disallow the request and return an icmp-unreachable or an RST packet. REJECT! like REJECT but exempts the rule from being suppressed by OPTIMIZE=1 in shorewall6.conf(5). Not available in the BLACKLIST section. A_REJECT AND A_REJECT! Added in Shorewall 4.4.20. Audited versions of REJECT and REJECT! respectively. Require AUDIT_TARGET support in the kernel and ip6tables. A_REJECT! is not available in the BLACKLIST section. CONTINUE For experts only. Do not process any of the following rules for this (source zone,destination zone). If the source and/or destination IP address falls into a zone defined later in shorewall6-zones(5) or in a parent zone of the source or destination zones, then this connection request will be passed to the rules defined for that (those) zone(s). See shorewall6-nesting(5) for additional information. CONTINUE! like CONTINUE but exempts the rule from being suppressed by OPTIMIZE=1 in shorewall6.conf(5). Not available in the BLACKLIST section. LOG Simply log the packet and continue with the next rule. QUEUE Queue the packet to a user-space application such as ftwall (http://p2pwall.sf.net). The application may reinsert the packet for further processing. QUEUE! like QUEUE but exempts the rule from being suppressed by OPTIMIZE=1 in shorewall6.conf(5). Not available in the BLACKLIST section. NFLOG[(nflog-parameters)] queues matching packets to a backend logging daemon via a netlink socket then continues to the next rule. See http://www.shorewall.net/shorewall_logging.html. NFQUEUE Queues the packet to a user-space application using the nfnetlink_queue mechanism. If a queuenumber is not specified, queue zero (0) is assumed. NFQUEUE! like NFQUEUE but exempts the rule from being suppressed by OPTIMIZE=1 in shorewall6.conf(5). Not available in the BLACKLIST section. COMMENT the rest of the line will be attached as a comment to the Netfilter rule(s) generated by the following entries. The comment will appear delimited by "/* ... */" in the output of "shorewall6 show <chain>". To stop the comment from being attached to further rules, simply include COMMENT on a line by itself. action The name of an action declared in shorewall6-actions(5) or in /usr/share/shorewall6/actions.std. macro The name of a macro defined in a file named macro.macro. If the macro accepts an action parameter (Look at the macro source to see if it has PARAM in the TARGET column) then the macro name is followed by the parenthesized target (ACCEPT, DROP, REJECT, ...) to be substituted for the parameter. Example: FTP(ACCEPT). The older syntax where the macro name and the target are separated by a slash (e.g. FTP/ACCEPT) is still allowed but is deprecated. The ACTION may optionally be followed by ":" and a syslog log level (e.g, REJECT:info or Web(ACCEPT):debug). This causes the packet to be logged at the specified level. If the ACTION names an action declared in shorewall6-actions(5) or in /usr/share/shorewall6/actions.std then: If the log level is followed by "!' then all rules in the action are logged at the log level. If the log level is not followed by "!" then only those rules in the action that do not specify logging are logged at the specified level. The special log level none! suppresses logging by the action. You may also specify NFLOG (must be in upper case) as a log level.This will log to the NFLOG target for routing to a separate log through use of ulogd (http://www.netfilter.org/projects/ulogd/index.html). Actions specifying logging may be followed by a log tag (a string of alphanumeric characters) which is appended to the string generated by the LOGPREFIX (in shorewall6.conf(5)). Example: ACCEPT:info:ftp would include 'ftp ' at the end of the log prefix generated by the LOGPREFIX setting. SOURCE - {zone|zone-list[+]|{all|any}[+][-]}[:interface][:{address-or-range[,address-or-range]...[exclusion]|exclusion|+ipset} Source hosts to which the rule applies. May be a zone declared in /etc/shorewall6/zones, $FW to indicate the firewall itself, all, all+, all-, all+- or none. Beginning with Shorewall 4.4.13, you may use a zone-list which consists of a comma-separated list of zones declared in shorewall-zones (5). Ths zone-list may be optionally followed by "+" to indicate that the rule is to apply to intra-zone traffic as well as inter-zone traffic. When none is used either in the SOURCE or DEST column, the rule is ignored. all means "All Zones", including the firewall itself. all- means "All Zones, except the firewall itself". When all[-] is used either in the SOURCE or DEST column intra-zone traffic is not affected. When all+[-] is "used, intra-zone traffic is affected. Beginning with Shorewall 4.4.13, exclusion is supported -- see see shorewall6-exclusion(5). Except when all[+][-] or any[+][-] is specified, clients may be further restricted to a list of networks and/or hosts by appending ":" and a comma-separated list of network and/or host addresses. Hosts may be specified by IP or MAC address; mac addresses must begin with "~" and must use "-" as a separator. any is equivalent to all when there are no nested zones. When there are nested zones, any only refers to top-level zones (those with no parent zones). Note that any excludes all vserver zones, since those zones are nested within the firewall zone. Hosts may also be specified as an IP address range using the syntax lowaddress-highaddress. This requires that your kernel and ip6tables contain iprange match support. If your kernel and ip6tables have ipset match support then you may give the name of an ipset prefaced by "+". The ipset name may be optionally followed by a number from 1 to 6 enclosed in square brackets ([]) to indicate the number of levels of source bindings to be matched. Beginning with Shorewall6 4.4.17, the primary IP address of a firewall interface can be specified by an apersand ('&') followed by the logican name of the interface as found in the INTERFACE column of shorewall6-interfaces (5). When an interface is not specified, you may omit the angled brackets ('<' and '>') around the address(es) or you may supply them to improve readability. You may exclude certain hosts from the set already defined through use of an exclusion (see shorewall6-exclusion(5)). Examples: dmz:2002:ce7c::92b4:1::2 Host 2002:ce7c:92b4:1::2 in the DMZ net:2001:4d48:ad51:24::/64 Subnet 2001:4d48:ad51:24::/64 on the Internet loc:<2002:cec792b4:1::2,2002:cec792b4:1::44> Hosts 2002:cec792b4:1::2 and 2002:cec792b4:1::44 in the local zone. loc:~00-A0-C9-15-39-78 Host in the local zone with MAC address 00:A0:C9:15:39:78. net:2001:4d48:ad51:24::/64!2001:4d48:ad51:24:6:/80!2001:4d48:ad51:24:6:/80 Subnet 2001:4d48:ad51:24::/64 on the Internet except for 2001:4d48:ad51:24:6:/80. $FW:&eth0 The primary IP address of eth0 in the firewall zone (Shorewall6 4.4.17 and later). Alternatively, clients may be specified by interface by appending ":" to the zone name followed by the interface name. For example, loc:eth1 specifies a client that communicates with the firewall system through eth1. This may be optionally followed by another colon (":") and an IP/MAC/subnet address as described above (e.g., loc:eth1:<2002:ce7c::92b4:1::2>). Examples: loc:eth1:<2002:cec792b4:1::2,2002:cec792b4:1::44> Hosts 2002:cec792b4:1::2 and 2002:cec792b4:1::44 in the Local zone, with both originating from eth1 DEST - {zone|zone-list[+]|all[+][-]}[:interface][:{address-or-range[,address-or-range]...[exclusion]|exclusion|+ipset} Location of Server. May be a zone declared in shorewall6-zones(5), $FW to indicate the firewall itself, all. all+ or none. Beginning with Shorewall 4.4.13, you may use a zone-list which consists of a comma-separated list of zones declared in shorewall-zones (5). Ths zone-list may be optionally followed by "+" to indicate that the rule is to apply to intra-zone traffic as well as inter-zone traffic. Beginning with Shorewall-4.4.13, exclusion is supported -- see see shorewall6-exclusion(5). Beginning with Shorewall6 4.4.17, the primary IP address of a firewall interface can be specified by an apersand ('&') followed by the logican name of the interface as found in the INTERFACE column of shorewall6-interfaces (5). When none is used either in the SOURCE or DEST column, the rule is ignored. When all is used either in the SOURCE or DEST column intra-zone traffic is not affected. When all+ is used, intra-zone traffic is affected. If the DEST zone is a bport zone, then either: the SOURCE must be , or the SOURCE zone must be another bport zone associated with the same bridge, or the SOURCE zone must be an ipv4 zone that is associated with only the same bridge.

Except when all[+]|[-] is specified, the server may be further restricted to a particular network, host or interface by appending ":" and the network, host or interface. See SOURCE above. You may exclude certain hosts from the set already defined through use of an exclusion (see shorewall6-exclusion(5)). Restrictions: 1. MAC addresses are not allowed (this is a Netfilter restriction). If you kernel and ip6tables have ipset match support then you may give the name of an ipset prefaced by "+". The ipset name may be optionally followed by a number from 1 to 6 enclosed in square brackets ([]) to indicate the number of levels of destination bindings to be matched. Only one of the SOURCE and DEST columns may specify an ipset name.

PROTO - {-|tcp:syn|ipp2p|ipp2p:udp|ipp2p:all|protocol-number|protocol-name|all} Optional protocol - ipp2p* requires ipp2p match support in your kernel and ip6tables. tcp:syn implies tcp plus the SYN flag must be set and the RST,ACK and FIN flags must be reset. Beginning with Shorewall6 4.4.19, this column can contain a comma-separated list of protocol-numbers and/or protocol names (e.g., tcp,udp). DEST PORT(S) (dport) - {-|port-name-number-or-range[,port-name-number-or-range]...} Optional destination Ports. A comma-separated list of Port names (from services(5)), port numbers or port ranges; if the protocol is icmp, this column is interpreted as the destination icmp-type(s). ICMP types may be specified as a numeric type, a numberic type and code separated by a slash (e.g., 3/4), or a typename. See http://www.shorewall.net/configuration_file_basics.htm#ICMP. Note that prior to Shorewall6 4.4.19, only a single ICMP type may be listsed. If the protocol is ipp2p, this column is interpreted as an ipp2p option without the leading "--" (example bit for bit-torrent). If no port is given, ipp2p is assumed. A port range is expressed as lowport:highport. This column is ignored if PROTO = all but must be entered if any of the following columns are supplied. In that case, it is suggested that this field contain a dash (-). If your kernel contains multi-port match support, then only a single Netfilter rule will be generated if in this list and the CLIENT PORT(S) list below: 1. There are 15 or less ports listed. 2. No port ranges are included or your kernel and ip6tables contain extended multiport match support. SOURCE PORT(S) (sport) - {-|port-name-number-or-range[,port-name-number-or-range]...} Optional source port(s). If omitted, any source port is acceptable. Specified as a comma- separated list of port names, port numbers or port ranges. Unless you really understand IP, you should leave this column empty or place a dash (-) in the column. Most people who try to use this column get it wrong.

If you don't want to restrict client ports but need to specify a later column, then place "-" in this column. If your kernel contains multi-port match support, then only a single Netfilter rule will be generated if in this list and the DEST PORT(S) list above: 1. There are 15 or less ports listed. 2. No port ranges are included or your kernel and ip6tables contain extended multiport match support.

ORIGINAL DEST (origdest) - [-] Included for compatibility with Shorewall. Enter '-' in this column if you need to specify one of the later columns. RATE LIMIT (rate) - [-|[{s|d}:[[name]:]]]rate/{sec|min|hour|day}[:burst] You may optionally rate-limit the rule by placing a value in this column: rate is the number of connections per interval (sec or min) and burst is the largest burst permitted. If no burst is given, a value of 5 is assumed. There may be no no whitespace embedded in the specification. Example: 10/sec:20 When or is specified, the rate applies per source IP address or per destination IP address respectively. The name may be chosen by the user and specifies a hash table to be used to count matching connections. If not given, the name shorewallN (where N is a unique integer) is assumed. Where more than one POLICY specifies the same name, the connections counts for the rules are aggregated and the individual rates apply to the aggregated count. USER/GROUP (user) - [!][user-name-or-number][:group-name-or-number] This optional column may only be non-empty if the SOURCE is the firewall itself. When this column is non-empty, the rule applies only if the program generating the output is running under the effective user and/or group specified (or is NOT running under that id if "!" is given). Examples: joe program must be run by joe :kids program must be run by a member of the 'kids' group !:kids program must not be run by a member of the 'kids' group MARK - [!]value[/mask][:C] Defines a test on the existing packet or connection mark. The rule will match only if the test returns true. If you don't want to define a test but need to specify anything in the following columns, place a "-" in this field. ! Inverts the test (not equal) value Value of the packet or connection mark. mask A mask to be applied to the mark before testing. :C Designates a connection mark. If omitted, the packet mark's value is tested. CONNLIMIT - [!]limit[:mask] May be used to limit the number of simultaneous connections from each individual host to limit connections. Requires connlimit match in your kernel and ip6tables. While the limit is only checked on rules specifying CONNLIMIT, the number of current connections is calculated over all current connections from the SOURCE host. By default, the limit is applied to each host but can be made to apply to networks of hosts by specifying a mask. The mask specifies the width of a VLSM mask to be applied to the source address; the number of current connections is then taken over all hosts in the subnet source-address/mask. When is specified, the rule matches when the number of connection exceeds the limit. TIME - timeelement[&timelement...] May be used to limit the rule to a particular time period each day, to particular days of the week or month, or to a range defined by dates and times. Requires time match support in your kernel and ip6tables. timeelement may be: timestart=hh:mm[:ss] Defines the starting time of day. timestop=hh:mm[:ss] Defines the ending time of day. utc Times are expressed in Greenwich Mean Time. localtz Times are expressed in Local Civil Time (default). weekdays=ddd[,ddd]... where ddd is one of , , , , , or monthdays=dd[,dd],... where dd is an ordinal day of the month datestart=yyyy[-mm[-dd[hh[:mm[:ss]]]]] Defines the starting date and time. datestop=yyyy[-mm[-dd[hh[:mm[:ss]]]]] Defines the ending date and time. HEADERS - [!][any:|exactly:]header-list (Optional - Added in Shorewall 4.4.15) The header-list consists of a comma-separated list of headers from the following list. auth, ah, or 51 Authentication Headers extension header. esp, or 50 Encrypted Security Payload extension header. hop, hop-by-hop or 0 Hop-by-hop options extension header. route, ipv6-route or 41 IPv6 Route extension header. frag, ipv6-frag or 44 IPv6 fragmentation extension header. none, ipv6-nonxt or 59 No next header proto, protocol or 255 Any protocol header. If any: is specified, the rule will match if any of the listed headers are present. If exactly: is specified, the will match packets that exactly include all specified headers. If neither is given, any: is assumed. If ! is entered, the rule will match those packets which would not be matched when ! is omitted. SWITCH - [!]switch-name Added in Shorewall6 4.4.24 and allows enabling and disabling the rule without requiring shorewall6 restart. Enables the rule if the value stored in /proc/net/nf_condition/switch-name is 1. Disables the rule if that file contains 0 (the default). If '!' is supplied, the test is inverted such that the rule is enabled if the file contains 0. The switch-name must begin with a letter and be composed of letters, decimal digits, underscores or hyphens. Switch names must be 30 characters or less in length. Switches are normally off. To turn a switch on: echo 1 > /proc/net/nf_condition/switch-name To turn it off again: echo 0 > /proc/net/nf_condition/switch-name Switch settings are retained over shorewall6 restart. Example Example 1: Accept SMTP requests from the DMZ to the internet #ACTION SOURCE DEST PROTO DEST SOURCE ORIGINAL # PORT PORT(S) DEST ACCEPT dmz net tcp smtp Example 4: You want to accept SSH connections to your firewall only from internet IP addresses 2002:ce7c::92b4:1::2 and 2002:ce7c::92b4:1::22 #ACTION SOURCE DEST PROTO DEST SOURCE ORIGINAL # PORT PORT(S) DEST ACCEPT net:<2002:ce7c::92b4:1::2,2002:ce7c::92b4:1::22> \ $FW tcp 22 Example 5: You wish to limit SSH connections from remote systems to 1/min with a burst of three (to allow for limited retry): #ACTION SOURCE DEST PROTO DEST SOURCE ORIGINAL RATE # PORT(S) PORT(S) DEST LIMIT SSH(ACCEPT) net all - - - - s:1/min:3 Example 6: Forward port 80 to dmz host $BACKUP if switch 'primary_down' is set. #ACTION SOURCE DEST PROTO DEST SOURCE ORIGINAL RATE USER/ MARK CONNLIMIT TIME HEADERS SWITCH # PORT(S) PORT(S) DEST LIMIT GROUP DNAT net dmz:$BACKUP tcp 80 - - - - - - - - primary_down FILES /etc/shorewall6/rules See ALSO http://shorewall.net/configuration_file_basics.htm#Pairs shorewall6(8), shorewall6-accounting(5), shorewall6-actions(5), shorewall6-blacklist(5), shorewall6-hosts(5), shorewall6-interfaces(5), shorewall6-maclist(5), shoewall6-netmap(5),shorewall6-params(5), shorewall6-policy(5), shorewall6-providers(5), shorewall6-route_rules(5), shorewall6-routestopped(5), shorewall6.conf(5), shorewall6-secmarks(5), shorewall6-tcclasses(5), shorewall6-tcdevices(5), shorewall6-tcrules(5), shorewall6-tos(5), shorewall6-tunnels(5), shorewall6-zones(5)