shorewall 8 shorewall Administration tool for Shoreline Firewall (Shorewall) shorewall trace|debugnolock -options add { interface[:host-list] zone | zone host-list } shorewall trace|debugnolock -options allow address shorewall trace|debug -options check -e -d -p -r -T directory shorewall trace|debugnolock -options clear-f shorewall trace|debug -options compile -e -d -p -T directory pathname shorewall trace|debugnolock -options delete { interface[:host-list] zone | zone host-list } shorewall trace|debugnolock -options disable { interface | provider } shorewall trace|debugnolock -options drop address shorewall trace|debug -options dump -x -l -m shorewall trace|debugnolock -options enable { interface | provider } shorewall trace|debugnolock -options export directory1 [user@]system[:directory2] shorewall trace|debugnolock -options forget filename shorewall trace|debug -options help shorewall trace|debug -options hits-t shorewall trace|debug -options ipcalc address mask address/vlsm shorewall trace|debug -options iprange address1-address2 shorewall trace|debug -options iptrace iptables match expression shorewall trace|debug -options load -s -c -r root-user-name -T directory system shorewall trace|debugnolock -options logdrop address shorewall trace|debug -options logwatch -m refresh-interval shorewall trace|debugnolock -options logreject address shorewall trace|debug -options noiptrace iptables match expression shorewall trace|debugnolock -options refresh-n-d-T-D directory chain shorewall trace|debugnolock -options reject address shorewall trace|debug -options reload -s -c -r root-user-name -T directory system shorewall trace|debugnolock -options reset shorewall trace|debugnolock -options restart -n -p-d -f -c -T directory shorewall trace|debugnolock -options restore filename shorewall trace|debugnolock -options safe-restart -d -p -t timeout directory shorewall trace|debug -options safe-start -d -p -t timeout directory shorewall trace|debugnolock -options save filename shorewall trace|debug -options show -b -x -l -t {filter|mangle|nat|raw|rawpost} chainchain shorewall trace|debug -options show -f capabilities shorewall trace|debug -options show actions|classifiers|connections|config|filters|ip|ipa|macros|zones|policies|marks shorewall trace|debug -options show macromacro shorewall trace|debug -options show -x mangle|nat|routing|raw|rawpost shorewall trace|debug -options show tc shorewall trace|debug -options show -m log shorewall trace|debugnolock -options start -n -f -p -c -T directory shorewall trace|debugnolock -options stop-f shorewall trace|debug -options status shorewall trace|debugnolock -options try directory timeout shorewall trace|debug -options update -b -d -r -T -a directory shorewall trace|debug -options version-a The shorewall utility is used to control the Shoreline Firewall (Shorewall). The trace and debug options are used for debugging. See http://www.shorewall.net/starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm#Trace. The nolock option prevents the command from attempting to acquire the Shorewall lockfile. It is useful if you need to include shorewall commands in /etc/shorewall/started. The options control the amount of output that the command produces. They consist of a sequence of the letters v and q. If the options are omitted, the amount of output is determined by the setting of the VERBOSITY parameter in shorewall.conf(5). Each v adds one to the effective verbosity and each q subtracts one from the effective VERBOSITY. Alternatively, v may be followed immediately with one of -1,0,1,2 to specify a specify VERBOSITY. There may be no white space between v and the VERBOSITY. The options may also include the letter t which causes all progress messages to be timestamped. The available commands are listed below. add Adds a list of hosts or subnets to a dynamic zone usually used with VPN's. The interface argument names an interface defined in the shorewall-interfaces(5) file. A host-list is comma-separated list whose elements are host or network addresses. The add command is not very robust. If there are errors in the host-list, you may see a large number of error messages yet a subsequent shorewall show zones command will indicate that all hosts were added. If this happens, replace add by delete and run the same command again. Then enter the correct command. Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.9, the dynamic_shared zone option (shorewall-zones(5)) allows a single ipset to handle entries for multiple interfaces. When that option is specified for a zone, the add command has the alternative syntax in which the zone name precedes the host-list. allow Re-enables receipt of packets from hosts previously blacklisted by a drop, logdrop, reject, or logreject command. check Compiles the configuraton in the specified directory and discards the compiled output script. If no directory is given, then /etc/shorewall is assumed. The -e option causes the compiler to look for a file named capabilities. This file is produced using the command shorewall-lite show -f capabilities > capabilities on a system with Shorewall Lite installed. The -d option causes the compiler to be run under control of the Perl debugger. The -p option causes the compiler to be profiled via the Perl -wd:DProf command-line option. The -r option was added in Shorewall 4.5.2 and causes the compiler to print the generated ruleset to standard out. The -T option was added in Shorewall 4.4.20 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler-generated error and warning message. clear Clear will remove all rules and chains installed by Shorewall. The firewall is then wide open and unprotected. Existing connections are untouched. Clear is often used to see if the firewall is causing connection problems. If -f is given, the command will be processed by the compiled script that executed the last successful start, restart or refresh command if that script exists. compile Compiles the current configuration into the executable file pathname. If a directory is supplied, Shorewall will look in that directory first for configuration files. If the pathname is omitted, the file firewall in the VARDIR (normally /var/lib/shorewall/) is assumed. A pathname of '-' causes the compiler to send the generated script to it's standard output file. Note that '-v-1' is usually specified in this case (e.g., shorewall -v-1 compile -- -) to suppress the 'Compiling...' message normally generated by /sbin/shorewall. When -e is specified, the compilation is being performed on a system other than where the compiled script will run. This option disables certain configuration options that require the script to be compiled where it is to be run. The use of -e requires the presense of a configuration file named capabilities which may be produced using the command shorewall-lite show -f capabilities > capabilities on a system with Shorewall Lite installed The -d option causes the compiler to be run under control of the Perl debugger. The -p option causes the compiler to be profiled via the Perl -wd:DProf command-line option. The -T option was added in Shorewall 4.4.20 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler-generated error and warning message. delete The delete command reverses the effect of an earlier add command. The interface argument names an interface defined in the shorewall-interfaces(5) file. A host-list is comma-separated list whose elements are a host or network address. Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.9, the dynamic_shared zone option (shorewall-zones(5)) allows a single ipset to handle entries for multiple interfaces. When that option is specified for a zone, the delete command has the alternative syntax in which the zone name precedes the host-list. disable Added in Shorewall 4.4.26. Disables the optional provider associated with the specified interface or provider. Where more than one provider share a single network interface, a provider name must be given. Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.10, this command may be used with any optional network interface. interface may be either the logical or physical name of the interface. The command removes any routes added from shorewall-routes(5) and any traffic shaping configuration for the interface. drop Causes traffic from the listed addresses to be silently dropped. dump Produces a verbose report about the firewall configuration for the purpose of problem analysis. The -x option causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without that option, these counts are abbreviated. The -m option causes any MAC addresses included in Shorewall log messages to be displayed. The -l option causes the rule number for each Netfilter rule to be displayed. enable Added in Shorewall 4.4.26. Enables the optional provider associated with the specified interface or provider. Where more than one provider share a single network interface, a provider name must be given. Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.10, this command may be used with any optional network interface. interface may be either the logical or physical name of the interface. The command sets /proc entries for the interface, adds any route specified in shorewall-routes(5) and installs the interface's traffic shaping configuration, if any. export If directory1 is omitted, the current working directory is assumed. Allows a non-root user to compile a shorewall script and stage it on a system (provided that the user has access to the system via ssh). The command is equivalent to: /sbin/shorewall compile -e directory1 directory1/firewall &&\ scp directory1/firewall directory1/firewall.conf [user@]system:[directory2] In other words, the configuration in the specified (or defaulted) directory is compiled to a file called firewall in that directory. If compilation succeeds, then firewall and firewall.conf are copied to system using scp. forget Deletes /var/lib/shorewall/filename and /var/lib/shorewall/save. If no filename is given then the file specified by RESTOREFILE in shorewall.conf(5) is assumed. help Displays a syntax summary. hits Generates several reports from Shorewall log messages in the current log file. If the -t option is included, the reports are restricted to log messages generated today. ipcalc Ipcalc displays the network address, broadcast address, network in CIDR notation and netmask corresponding to the input[s]. iprange Iprange decomposes the specified range of IP addresses into the equivalent list of network/host addresses. iptrace This is a low-level debugging command that causes iptables TRACE log records to be created. See iptables(8) for details. The iptables match expression must be one or more matches that may appear in both the raw table OUTPUT and raw table PREROUTING chains. The trace records are written to the kernel's log buffer with faciility = kernel and priority = warning, and they are routed from there by your logging daemon (syslogd, rsyslog, syslog-ng, ...) -- Shorewall has no control over where the messages go; consult your logging daemon's documentation. load If directory is omitted, the current working directory is assumed. Allows a non-root user to compile a shorewall script and install it on a system (provided that the user has root access to the system via ssh). The command is equivalent to: /sbin/shorewall compile -e directory directory/firewall &&\ scp directory/firewall directory/firewall.conf root@system:/var/lib/shorewall-lite/ &&\ ssh root@system '/sbin/shorewall-lite start' In other words, the configuration in the specified (or defaulted) directory is compiled to a file called firewall in that directory. If compilation succeeds, then firewall is copied to system using scp. If the copy succeeds, Shorewall Lite on system is started via ssh. If -s is specified and the start command succeeds, then the remote Shorewall-lite configuration is saved by executing shorewall-lite save via ssh. if -c is included, the command shorewall-lite show capabilities -f > /var/lib/shorewall-lite/capabilities is executed via ssh then the generated file is copied to directory using scp. This step is performed before the configuration is compiled. If -r is included, it specifies that the root user on system is named root-user-name rather than "root". The -T option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler-generated error and warning message. logdrop Causes traffic from the listed addresses to be logged then discarded. Logging occurs at the log level specified by the BLACKLIST_LOGLEVEL setting in shorewall.conf (5). logwatch Monitors the log file specified by the LOGFILE option in shorewall.conf(5) and produces an audible alarm when new Shorewall messages are logged. The -m option causes the MAC address of each packet source to be displayed if that information is available. The refresh-interval specifies the time in seconds between screen refreshes. You can enter a negative number by preceding the number with "--" (e.g., shorewall logwatch -- -30). In this case, when a packet count changes, you will be prompted to hit any key to resume screen refreshes. logreject Causes traffic from the listed addresses to be logged then rejected. Logging occurs at the log level specified by the BLACKLIST_LOGLEVEL setting in shorewall.conf (5). noiptrace This is a low-level debugging command that cancels a trace started by a preceding iptrace command. The iptables match expression must be one given in the iptrace command being cancelled. refresh All steps performed by restart are performed by refresh with the exception that refresh only recreates the chains specified in the command while restart recreates the entire Netfilter ruleset. If no chain is given, the static blacklisting chain blacklst is assumed. The listed chains are assumed to be in the filter table. You can refresh chains in other tables by prefixing the chain name with the table name followed by ":" (e.g., nat:net_dnat). Chain names which follow are assumed to be in that table until the end of the list or until an entry in the list names another table. Built-in chains such as FORWARD may not be refreshed. The -n option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s). The -d option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 causes the compiler to run under the Perl debugger. The -T option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler-generated error and warning message. The -D option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes Shorewall to look in the given directory first for configuration files. Example:shorewall refresh net2fw nat:net_dnat #Refresh the 'net2loc' chain in the filter table and the 'net_dnat' chain in the nat table The refresh command has slightly different behavior. When no chain name is given to the refresh command, the mangle table is refreshed along with the blacklist chain (if any). This allows you to modify /etc/shorewall/tcrules and install the changes using refresh. reload If directory is omitted, the current working directory is assumed. Allows a non-root user to compile a shorewall script and install it on a system (provided that the user has root access to the system via ssh). The command is equivalent to: /sbin/shorewall compile -e directory directory/firewall &&\ scp directory/firewall directory/firewall.conf root@system:/var/lib/shorewall-lite/ &&\ ssh root@system '/sbin/shorewall-lite restart' In other words, the configuration in the specified (or defaulted) directory is compiled to a file called firewall in that directory. If compilation succeeds, then firewall is copied to system using scp. If the copy succeeds, Shorewall Lite on system is restarted via ssh. If -s is specified and the restart command succeeds, then the remote Shorewall-lite configuration is saved by executing shorewall-lite save via ssh. if -c is included, the command shorewall-lite show capabilities -f > /var/lib/shorewall-lite/capabilities is executed via ssh then the generated file is copied to directory using scp. This step is performed before the configuration is compiled. If -r is included, it specifies that the root user on system is named root-user-name rather than "root". The -T option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler-generated error and warning message. reset All the packet and byte counters in the firewall are reset. restart Restart is similar to shorewall start except that it assumes that the firewall is already started. Existing connections are maintained. If a directory is included in the command, Shorewall will look in that directory first for configuration files. The -n option causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s). The -p option causes the connection tracking table to be flushed; the conntrack utility must be installed to use this option. The -d option causes the compiler to run under the Perl debugger. The -f option suppresses the compilation step and simply reused the compiled script which last started/restarted Shorewall, provided that /etc/shorewall and its contents have not been modified since the last start/restart. The -c option was added in Shorewall 4.4.20 and performs the compilation step unconditionally, overriding the AUTOMAKE setting in shorewall.conf(5). When both -f and -care present, the result is determined by the option that appears last. The -T option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler-generated error and warning message. restore Restore Shorewall to a state saved using the shorewall save command. Existing connections are maintained. The filename names a restore file in /var/lib/shorewall created using shorewall save; if no filename is given then Shorewall will be restored from the file specified by the RESTOREFILE option in shorewall.conf(5). safe-restart Only allowed if Shorewall is running. The current configuration is saved in /var/lib/shorewall/safe-restart (see the save command below) then a shorewall restart is done. You will then be prompted asking if you want to accept the new configuration or not. If you answer "n" or if you fail to answer within 60 seconds (such as when your new configuration has disabled communication with your terminal), the configuration is restored from the saved configuration. If a directory is given, then Shorewall will look in that directory first when opening configuration files. Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.0, you may specify a different timeout value using the -t option. The numeric timeout may optionally be followed by an s, m or h suffix (e.g., 5m) to specify seconds, minutes or hours respectively. If the suffix is omitted, seconds is assumed. safe-start Shorewall is started normally. You will then be prompted asking if everything went all right. If you answer "n" or if you fail to answer within 60 seconds (such as when your new configuration has disabled communication with your terminal), a shorewall clear is performed for you. If a directory is given, then Shorewall will look in that directory first when opening configuration files. Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.0, you may specify a different timeout value using the -t option. The numeric timeout may optionally be followed by an s, m or h suffix (e.g., 5m) to specify seconds, minutes or hours respectively. If the suffix is omitted, seconds is assumed. save The dynamic blacklist is stored in /var/lib/shorewall/save. The state of the firewall is stored in /var/lib/shorewall/filename for use by the shorewall restore and shorewall -f start commands. If filename is not given then the state is saved in the file specified by the RESTOREFILE option in shorewall.conf(5). show The show command can have a number of different arguments: actions Produces a report about the available actions (built-in, standard and user-defined). capabilities Displays your kernel/iptables capabilities. The -f option causes the display to be formatted as a capabilities file for use with compile -e. [ [ chain ] chain... ] The rules in each chain are displayed using the iptables -L chain -n -v command. If no chain is given, all of the chains in the filter table are displayed. The -x option is passed directly through to iptables and causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without this option, those counts are abbreviated. The -t option specifies the Netfilter table to display. The default is filter. The -b ('brief') option causes rules which have not been used (i.e. which have zero packet and byte counts) to be omitted from the output. Chains with no rules displayed are also omitted from the output. The -l option causes the rule number for each Netfilter rule to be displayed. If the -t option and the chain keyword are both omitted and any of the listed chains do not exist, a usage message is displayed. classifiers|filters Displays information about the packet classifiers defined on the system as a result of traffic shaping configuration. config Dispays distribution-specific defaults. connections Displays the IP connections currently being tracked by the firewall. ip Displays the system's IPv4 configuration. ipa Added in Shorewall 4.4.17. Displays the per-IP accounting counters (shorewall-accounting (5)). log Displays the last 20 Shorewall messages from the log file specified by the LOGFILE option in shorewall.conf(5). The -m option causes the MAC address of each packet source to be displayed if that information is available. macros Displays information about each macro defined on the firewall system. macro Added in Shorewall 4.4.6. Displays the file that implements the specified macro (usually /usr/share/shorewall/macro.macro). marks Added in Shorewall 4.4.26. Displays the various fields in packet marks giving the min and max value (in both decimal and hex) and the applicable mask (in hex). nat Displays the Netfilter nat table using the command iptables -t nat -L -n -v.The -x option is passed directly through to iptables and causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without this option, those counts are abbreviated. policies Added in Shorewall 4.4.4. Displays the applicable policy between each pair of zones. Note that implicit intrazone ACCEPT policies are not displayed for zones associated with a single network where that network doesn't specify routeback. routing Displays the system's IPv4 routing configuration. raw Displays the Netfilter raw table using the command iptables -t raw -L -n -v.The -x option is passed directly through to iptables and causes actual packet and byte counts to be displayed. Without this option, those counts are abbreviated. tc Displays information about queuing disciplines, classes and filters. zones Displays the current composition of the Shorewall zones on the system. start Start shorewall. Existing connections through shorewall managed interfaces are untouched. New connections will be allowed only if they are allowed by the firewall rules or policies. If a directory is included in the command, Shorewall will look in that directory first for configuration files. If -f is specified, the saved configuration specified by the RESTOREFILE option in shorewall.conf(5) will be restored if that saved configuration exists and has been modified more recently than the files in /etc/shorewall. When -f is given, a directory may not be specified. Update: In Shorewall 4.4.20, a new LEGACY_FASTSTART option was added to shorewall.conf(5). When LEGACY_FASTSTART=No, the modificaiotn times of files in /etc/shorewall are compared with that of /var/lib/shorewall/firewall (the compiled script that last started/restarted the firewall). The -n option causes Shorewall to avoid updating the routing table(s). The -p option causes the connection tracking table to be flushed; the conntrack utility must be installed to use this option. The -c option was added in Shorewall 4.4.20 and performs the compilation step unconditionally, overriding the AUTOMAKE setting in shorewall.conf(5). When both -f and -care present, the result is determined by the option that appears last. The -T option was added in Shorewall 4.5.3 and causes a Perl stack trace to be included with each compiler-generated error and warning message. stop Stops the firewall. All existing connections, except those listed in shorewall-routestopped(5) or permitted by the ADMINISABSENTMINDED option in shorewall.conf(5), are taken down. The only new traffic permitted through the firewall is from systems listed in shorewall-routestopped(5) or by ADMINISABSENTMINDED. If -f is given, the command will be processed by the compiled script that executed the last successful start, restart or refresh command if that script exists. status Produces a short report about the state of the Shorewall-configured firewall. try If Shorewall is started then the firewall state is saved to a temporary saved configuration (/var/lib/shorewall/.try). Next, if Shorewall is currently started then a restart command is issued using the specified configuration directory; otherwise, a start command is performed using the specified configuration directory. if an error occurs during the compliation phase of the restart or start, the command terminates without changing the Shorewall state. If an error occurs during the restart phase, then a shorewall restore is performed using the saved configuration. If an error occurs during the start phase, then Shorewall is cleared. If the start/restart succeeds and a timeout is specified then a clear or restore is performed after timeout seconds. Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.0, the numeric timeout may optionally be followed by an s, m or h suffix (e.g., 5m) to specify seconds, minutes or hours respectively. If the suffix is omitted, seconds is assumed. update Added in Shorewall 4.4.21 and causes the compiler to update /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf then validate the configuration. The update will add options not present in the old file with their default values, and will move deprecated options with non-defaults to a deprecated options section at the bottom of the file. Your existing shorewall.conf file is renamed shorewall.conf.bak. The -a option causes the updated shorewall.conf file to be annotated with documentation. The -b option was added in Shorewall 4.4.26 and causes legacy blacklisting rules (shorewall-blacklist (5) ) to be converted to entries in the blrules file (shorewall-blrules (5) ). The blacklist keyword is removed from shorewall-zones (5), shorewall-interfaces (5) and shorewall-hosts (5). The unmodified files are saved with a .bak suffix. For a description of the other options, see the check command above. version Displays Shorewall's version. The -a option is included for compatibility with earlier Shorewall releases and is ignored. /etc/shorewall/ http://www.shorewall.net/starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm shorewall-accounting(5), shorewall-actions(5), shorewall-blacklist(5), shorewall-hosts(5), shorewall_interfaces(5), shorewall-ipsets(5), shorewall-maclist(5), shorewall-masq(5), shorewall-nat(5), shorewall-netmap(5), shorewall-params(5), shorewall-policy(5), shorewall-providers(5), shorewall-proxyarp(5), shorewall-rtrules(5), shorewall-routestopped(5), shorewall-rules(5), shorewall.conf(5), shorewall-secmarks(5), shorewall-tcclasses(5), shorewall-tcdevices(5), shorewall-tcrules(5), shorewall-tos(5), shorewall-tunnels(5), shorewall-zones(5)