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513 lines
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513 lines
21 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
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<refentry>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>shorewall-providers</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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<refmiscinfo>Configuration Files</refmiscinfo>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>providers</refname>
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<refpurpose>Shorewall Providers file</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>/etc/shorewall/providers</command>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>This file is used to define additional routing tables. You will want
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to define an additional table if:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>You have connections to more than one ISP or multiple
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connections to the same ISP</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>You run Squid as a transparent proxy on a host other than the
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firewall.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>You have other requirements for policy routing.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>Each entry in the file defines a single routing table.</para>
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<para>If you wish to omit a column entry but want to include an entry in
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the next column, use "-" for the omitted entry.</para>
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<para>The columns in the file are as follows.</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">NAME</emphasis> -
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<emphasis>name</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The provider <emphasis>name</emphasis>. Must be a valid shell
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variable name. The names 'local', 'main', 'default' and 'unspec' are
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reserved and may not be used as provider names.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">NUMBER</emphasis> -
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<emphasis>number</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The provider number -- a number between 1 and 15. Each
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provider must be assigned a unique value.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">MARK</emphasis> (Optional) -
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<emphasis>value</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A FWMARK <emphasis>value</emphasis> used in your <ulink
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url="/manpages/shorewall-mangle.html">shorewall-mangle(5)</ulink>
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file to direct packets to this provider.</para>
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<para>If HIGH_ROUTE_MARKS=Yes in <ulink
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url="/manpages/shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf(5)</ulink>, then
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the value must be a multiple of 256 between 256 and 65280 or their
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hexadecimal equivalents (0x0100 and 0xff00 with the low-order byte
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of the value being zero). Otherwise, the value must be between 1 and
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255. Each provider must be assigned a unique mark value. This column
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may be omitted if you don't use packet marking to direct connections
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to a particular provider.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">DUPLICATE</emphasis> -
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<emphasis>routing-table-name</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name of an existing table to duplicate to create this
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routing table. May be <option>main</option> or the name of a
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previously listed provider. You may select only certain entries from
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the table to copy by using the COPY column below. This column should
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contain a dash ("-') when USE_DEFAULT_RT=Yes in <ulink
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url="/manpages/shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf(5)</ulink>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">INTERFACE</emphasis> -
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<emphasis>interface</emphasis>[:<emphasis>address</emphasis>]</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name of the network interface to the provider. Must be
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listed in <ulink
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url="/manpages/shorewall-interfaces.html">shorewall-interfaces(5)</ulink>.
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In general, that interface should not have the
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<option>proxyarp</option> option specified unless
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<option>loose</option> is given in the OPTIONS column of this
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entry.</para>
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<para>Where more than one provider is serviced through a single
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interface, the <emphasis>interface</emphasis> must be followed by a
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colon and the IP <emphasis>address</emphasis> of the interface that
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is supplied by the associated provider.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">GATEWAY</emphasis> - {<emphasis
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role="bold">-</emphasis>|<emphasis>address</emphasis>[,<emphasis>mac</emphasis>]|<emphasis
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role="bold">detect|none</emphasis>}</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The IP address of the provider's gateway router. Beginning
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with Shorewall 4.6.2, you may also specify the MAC address of the
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gateway when there are multiple providers serviced through the same
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interface. When the MAC is not specified, Shorewall will detect the
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MAC during firewall start or restart.</para>
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<para>You can enter <emphasis role="bold">detect</emphasis> here and
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Shorewall will attempt to detect the gateway automatically.</para>
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<para>Beginning with Shorewall 5.0.6, you may also enter <emphasis
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role="bold">none</emphasis>. This causes creation of a routing table
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with no default route in it.</para>
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<para>For PPP devices, you may omit this column.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">OPTIONS</emphasis> (Optional) - [<emphasis
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role="bold">-</emphasis>|<emphasis>option</emphasis>[<emphasis
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role="bold">,</emphasis><emphasis>option</emphasis>]...]</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A comma-separated list selected from the following. The order
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of the options is not significant but the list may contain no
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embedded white-space.</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>autosrc</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.5.17. Causes a host route to the
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provider's gateway router to be added to the provider's
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routing table. This is the default behavior unless overridden
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by a following <emphasis role="bold">noautosrc</emphasis>
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option.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">track</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If specified, inbound connections on this interface are
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to be tracked so that responses may be routed back out this
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same interface.</para>
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<para>You want to specify <option>track</option> if internet
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hosts will be connecting to local servers through this
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provider.</para>
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<para>Beginning with Shorewall 4.4.3, <option>track</option>
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defaults to the setting of the TRACK_PROVIDERS option in
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<ulink
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url="/manpages/shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf</ulink>
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(5). If you set TRACK_PROVIDERS=Yes and want to override that
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setting for an individual provider, then specify
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<option>notrack</option> (see below).</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">balance[=<replaceable>weight</replaceable>]</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The providers that have <option>balance</option>
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specified will get outbound traffic load-balanced among them.
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By default, all interfaces with <option>balance</option>
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specified will have the same weight (1). You can change the
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weight of an interface by specifying
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<option>balance=</option><replaceable>weight</replaceable>
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where <replaceable>weight</replaceable> is the weight of the
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route out of this interface.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">loose</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Shorewall normally adds a routing rule for each IP
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address on an interface which forces traffic whose source is
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that IP address to be sent using the routing table for that
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interface. Setting <option>loose</option> prevents creation of
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such rules on this interface.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">load=<replaceable>probability</replaceable></emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.6.0. This option provides an
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alternative method of load balancing based on probabilities.
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Providers to be balanced are given a
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<replaceable>probability</replaceable> (a number 0 > n
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>= 1) with up to 8 digits to the right of the decimal
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point. Beginning with Shorewall 4.6.10, a warning is issued if
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the sum of the probabilities is not 1.00000000.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">noautosrc</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.5.17. Prevents the addition of a
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host route to the provider's gateway router from being added
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to the provider's routing table. This option must be used with
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caution as it can cause start and restart failures.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">notrack</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.4.3. When specified, turns off
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<option>track</option>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">optional (deprecated for use with
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providers that do not share an interface)</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the interface named in the INTERFACE column is not up
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and configured with an IPv4 address then ignore this provider.
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If not specified, the value of the <option>optional</option>
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option for the INTERFACE in <ulink
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url="/manpages/shorewall-interfaces.html">shorewall-interfaces(5)</ulink>
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is assumed. Use of that option is preferred to this one,
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unless an <replaceable>address</replaceable> is provider in
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the INTERFACE column.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">primary</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.6.6, <emphasis
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role="bold">primary</emphasis> is equivalent to <emphasis
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role="bold">balance=1</emphasis> and is preferred when the
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remaining providers specify <emphasis
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role="bold">fallback</emphasis> or <emphasis
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role="bold">tproxy</emphasis>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">src=</emphasis><replaceable>source-address</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Specifies the source address to use when routing to this
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provider and none is known (the local client has bound to the
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0 address). May not be specified when an
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<replaceable>address</replaceable> is given in the INTERFACE
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column. If this option is not used, Shorewall substitutes the
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primary IP address on the interface named in the INTERFACE
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column.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">mtu=</emphasis><replaceable>number</replaceable></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Specifies the MTU when forwarding through this provider.
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If not given, the MTU of the interface named in the INTERFACE
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column is assumed.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis
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role="bold">fallback[=<replaceable>weight</replaceable>]</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Indicates that a default route through the provider
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should be added to the default routing table (table 253). If a
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<replaceable>weight</replaceable> is given, a balanced route
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is added with the weight of this provider equal to the
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specified <replaceable>weight</replaceable>. If the option is
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given without a <replaceable>weight</replaceable>, an separate
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default route is added through the provider's gateway; the
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route has a metric equal to the provider's NUMBER.</para>
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<para>Prior to Shorewall 4.4.24, the option is ignored with a
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warning message if USE_DEFAULT_RT=Yes in
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<filename>shorewall.conf</filename>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">tproxy</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.5.4. Used for supporting the TPROXY
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action in shorewall-mangle(5). See <ulink
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url="/Shorewall_Squid_Usage.html">http://www.shorewall.net/Shorewall_Squid_Usage.html</ulink>.
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When specified, the MARK, DUPLICATE and GATEWAY columns should
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be empty, INTERFACE should be set to 'lo' and
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<option>tproxy</option> should be the only OPTION. Only one
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<option>tproxy</option> provider is allowed.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">hostroute</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.5.21. This is the default behavior
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that results in a host route to the defined <emphasis
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role="bold">GATEWAY</emphasis> being inserted into the main
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routing table and into the provider's routing table. <emphasis
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role="bold">hostroute</emphasis> is required for older
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distributions but <emphasis role="bold">nohostroute</emphasis>
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(below) is appropriate for recent distributions. <emphasis
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role="bold">hostroute</emphasis> may interfere with Zebra's
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ability to add routes on some distributions such as Debian
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7.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">nohostroute</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 4.5.21. nohostroute inhibits addition
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of a host route to the defined <emphasis
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role="bold">GATEWAY</emphasis> being inserted into the main
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routing table and into the provider's routing table. <emphasis
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role="bold">nohostroute</emphasis> is not appropriate for
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older distributions but is appropriate for recent
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distributions. <emphasis role="bold">nohostroute</emphasis>
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allows Zebra's to correctly add routes on some distributions
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such as Debian 7.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">persistent</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Added in Shorewall 5.0.2 and alters the behavior of the
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<command>disable</command> command:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The provider's routing table still contains the
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apprioriate default route.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Unless the <option>noautosrc</option> option is
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specified, routing rules are generated to route traffic
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from the interfaces address(es) out of the provider's
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routing table.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Persistent routing rules in <ulink
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url="shorewall-rtrules.html">shorewall-rtrules(5)</ulink>
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are present.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<note>
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<para>The generated script will attempt to reenable a
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disabled persistent provider during execution of the
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<command>start</command>, <command>restart</command> and
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<command>reload</command> commands. When
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<option>persistent</option> is not specified, only the
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<command>enable</command> and <command>reenable</command>
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commands can reenable the provider.</para>
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</note>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">COPY</emphasis> -
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[{<option>none</option>|<emphasis>interface</emphasis><emphasis
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role="bold">[,</emphasis><emphasis>interface</emphasis>]...}]</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A comma-separated list of other interfaces on your firewall.
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Wildcards specified using an asterisk ("*") are permitted (e.g.,
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tun* ). Usually used only when DUPLICATE is <option>main</option>.
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Only copy routes through INTERFACE and through interfaces listed
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here. If you only wish to copy routes through INTERFACE, enter
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<option>none</option> in this column.</para>
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<para>Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.17, blackhole, unreachable and
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prohibit routes are no longer copied by default but may be copied by
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including <emphasis role="bold">blackhole</emphasis>,<emphasis
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role="bold">unreachable</emphasis> and <emphasis
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role="bold">prohibit</emphasis> respectively in the COPY
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list.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Examples</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 1:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>You run squid in your DMZ on IP address 192.168.2.99. Your DMZ
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interface is eth2</para>
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<programlisting> #NAME NUMBER MARK DUPLICATE INTERFACE GATEWAY OPTIONS
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Squid 1 1 - eth2 192.168.2.99 -</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 2:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>eth0 connects to ISP 1. The IP address of eth0 is
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206.124.146.176 and the ISP's gateway router has IP address
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206.124.146.254.</para>
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<para>eth1 connects to ISP 2. The IP address of eth1 is
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130.252.99.27 and the ISP's gateway router has IP address
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130.252.99.254.</para>
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<para>eth2 connects to a local network.</para>
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<programlisting> #NAME NUMBER MARK DUPLICATE INTERFACE GATEWAY OPTIONS COPY
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ISP1 1 1 main eth0 206.124.146.254 track,balance eth2
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ISP2 2 2 main eth1 130.252.99.254 track,balance eth2</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>FILES</title>
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<para>/etc/shorewall/providers</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See ALSO</title>
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<para><ulink
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url="/MultiISP.html">http://www.shorewall.net/MultiISP.html</ulink></para>
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<para><ulink
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url="/configuration_file_basics.htm#Pairs">http://www.shorewall.net/configuration_file_basics.htm#Pairs</ulink></para>
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<para>shorewall(8), shorewall-accounting(5), shorewall-actions(5),
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shorewall-blacklist(5), shorewall-hosts(5), shorewall_interfaces(5),
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shorewall-ipsets(5), shorewall-maclist(5), shorewall-masq(5),
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shorewall-nat(5), shorewall-netmap(5), shorewall-params(5),
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shorewall-policy(5), shorewall-proxyarp(5), shorewall-rtrules(5),
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shorewall-routestopped(5), shorewall-rules(5), shorewall.conf(5),
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shorewall-secmarks(5), shorewall-tcclasses(5), shorewall-tcdevices(5),
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shorewall-mangle(5), shorewall-tos(5), shorewall-tunnels(5),
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shorewall-zones(5)</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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