mirror of
https://gitlab.com/shorewall/code.git
synced 2024-12-24 15:18:53 +01:00
947 lines
34 KiB
XML
947 lines
34 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
|
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
|
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
|
|
<article>
|
|
<!--$Id$-->
|
|
|
|
<articleinfo>
|
|
<title>Issues when Upgrading to Shorewall 4.4 (Upgrading from Debian Lenny
|
|
to Squeeze)</title>
|
|
|
|
<authorgroup>
|
|
<author>
|
|
<firstname>Tom</firstname>
|
|
|
|
<surname>Eastep</surname>
|
|
</author>
|
|
</authorgroup>
|
|
|
|
<pubdate><?dbtimestamp format="Y/m/d"?></pubdate>
|
|
|
|
<copyright>
|
|
<year>2009</year>
|
|
|
|
<year>2010</year>
|
|
|
|
<holder>Thomas M. Eastep</holder>
|
|
</copyright>
|
|
|
|
<legalnotice>
|
|
<para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
|
|
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
|
|
1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with
|
|
no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover, and with no Back-Cover
|
|
Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
|
|
<quote><ulink url="GnuCopyright.htm">GNU Free Documentation
|
|
License</ulink></quote>.</para>
|
|
</legalnotice>
|
|
</articleinfo>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Introduction</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Debian Lenny includes Shorewall version 4.0.15 while Squeeze
|
|
includes Shorewall 4.4. Because there are significant differences between
|
|
the two product versions, some users may experience upgrade issues. This
|
|
article outlines those issues and offers advice for dealing with
|
|
them.</para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>Although this article is targeted specifically at Lenny ->
|
|
Squeeze upgrades, it should be useful to any Shorewall-shell user
|
|
upgrading to Shorewall 4.4.x. Footnotes are used to flag areas where
|
|
non-Debian users may experience different results.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Packages">
|
|
<title>Packaging Differences</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The first key difference between Shorewall 4.0 and Shorewall 4.4 is
|
|
in the packaging<footnote>
|
|
<para>Most distributions use a similar packaging structure. Note,
|
|
however, that the 'shorewall' package in Simon Mater's RPMs for
|
|
RedHat/Fedora/CentOS is like the Lenny shorewall-common
|
|
package.</para>
|
|
</footnote>. In Lenny, there are six Shorewall packages:</para>
|
|
|
|
<orderedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall-common — Contains the basic components needed to
|
|
create an IPv4 firewall.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall-shell — The legacy Shorewall configuration compiler
|
|
written in Bourne shell.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall — A transitional package that depends on
|
|
shorewall-common and shorewall-shell. Installing this package installs
|
|
both shorewall-common and shorewall-shell.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall-perl — A re-implementation of the Shorewall
|
|
configuration compiler in Perl. This compiler has many advantages over
|
|
the shell-based compiler:</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The compiler is much faster</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The compiler does a much better job of validating the
|
|
configuration, thus avoiding run-time errors.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The compiler produces better and more consistent diagnostic
|
|
messages.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The compiler produces a script that runs much faster and
|
|
that does not reject/drop connections during start/restart.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall-lite — A small package that can run scripts generated
|
|
by shorewall-shell or shorewall-perl. Allows centralized firewall
|
|
administration.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall-doc — Documentation.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>In Squeeze, there are five packages:</para>
|
|
|
|
<orderedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall — Contains everything needed to create an IPv4
|
|
firewall. It combines the former shorewall-common and shorewall-perl
|
|
packages.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall6 — Depends on shorewall. Adds those components needed
|
|
to create an IPv6 firewall.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall-lite — Same as in Lenny; only runs IPv4 firewall
|
|
scripts.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall6-lite — Similar to shorewall-lite, except that it only
|
|
runs IPv6 firewall scripts.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorewall-doc — Documentation.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
|
|
<warning>
|
|
<para>Do not purge the old packages (shorewall-common, shorewall-shell
|
|
and shorewall-perl) until after the new shorewall package has been
|
|
installed.</para>
|
|
</warning>
|
|
|
|
<para>The key change in Squeeze that may produce upgrade issues is that
|
|
Squeeze does not include the shell-based configuration compiler. As a
|
|
consequence, unless you are already using Shorewall-perl on Lenny, an
|
|
upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will mean that you will be switching from
|
|
the old shell-based compiler to the new Perl-based compiler<footnote>
|
|
<para>Note that Perl is a required package on Debian. If you are
|
|
running an embedded distribution which does not include Perl and it is
|
|
not feasible to install Perl on your firewall, then you should
|
|
consider installing Shorewall on another system in your network (may
|
|
be a <trademark>Windows</trademark> system running
|
|
<trademark>Cygwin</trademark>) and installing Shorewall-lite on your
|
|
firewall.</para>
|
|
</footnote>. While the two compilers are highly compatible, there are
|
|
some differences. Those differences are detailed in the following
|
|
sections.</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Issues">
|
|
<title>Issues Most Likely to Cause Problems or Concerns</title>
|
|
|
|
<section id="conf">
|
|
<title>shorewall.conf</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>As always, when upgrading from one major release of Shorewall to
|
|
another, the installer will prompt you about replacing your existing
|
|
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename> with the updated one from the
|
|
package. Shorewall is designed with the assumption that users will never
|
|
replace shorewall.conf and retaining your existing file will always
|
|
produce upward-compatible behavior.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>That having been said, there are a few settings that you may have
|
|
in your shorewall.conf that will cause compilation warning or error
|
|
messages after the upgrade.</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>BLACKLISTNEWONLY</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you have BLACKLISTNEWONLY=No together with
|
|
FASTACCEPT=Yes, you will receive this error:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">ERROR: BLACKLISTNEWONLY=No may not be
|
|
specified with FASTACCEPT=Yes</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the error, reverse the setting of one of the
|
|
options.</para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>This combination never worked correctly in earlier
|
|
versions -- to duplicate the earlier behavior, you will want to
|
|
set BLACKLISTNEWONLY=Yes.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>BRIDGING</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you have set this option to Yes, you will receive the
|
|
following error:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">ERROR: BRIDGING=Yes is not supported
|
|
by Shorewall 4.4.x</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You should not be receiving this error if you are upgrading
|
|
from Lenny since BRIDGING=Yes did not work in that
|
|
release<footnote>
|
|
<para>If you are upgrading from a release using a kernel
|
|
earlier than 2.6.20, then BRIDGING=Yes did work correctly with
|
|
Shorewall-shell.</para>
|
|
</footnote>. If you have a bridge configuration where you want
|
|
to control connections through the bridge, you will want to visit
|
|
<ulink
|
|
url="http://www.shorewall.net/bridge-Shorewall-perl.html">http://www.shorewall.net/bridge-Shorewall-perl.html</ulink><footnote>
|
|
<para>Kernel 2.6.20 or later is required.</para>
|
|
</footnote>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>DELAYBLACKLISTLOAD</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you have set this option to Yes, you will receive the
|
|
following warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: DELAYBLACKLIST=Yes is not
|
|
supported by Shorewall 4.4.x</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, set DELAYBLACKLISTLOAD=No or
|
|
remove the setting altogether.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>DYNAMIC_ZONES</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you have set this option to Yes, you will receive the
|
|
following warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: DYNAMIC_ZONES=Yes is not
|
|
supported by Shorewall 4.4.x</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, set DYNAMIC_ZONES=No or remove the
|
|
setting altogether. See <ulink url="Dynamic.html">this
|
|
article</ulink> to learn how to set up Dynamic Zones under
|
|
Shorewall 4.4.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry id="FW">
|
|
<term>FW</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If a setting for FW appears in your shorewall.conf file, you
|
|
will receive this warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: Unknown configuration option
|
|
(FW) ignored.</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Remove the setting from the file and modify your
|
|
<filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename> file as described <link
|
|
linkend="zones">below</link>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>IPSECFILE</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you have specified IPSECFILE=ipsec or IPSECFILE= or if
|
|
you do not have a setting for IPSECFILE, then you will receive the
|
|
following error:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">ERROR: IPSECFILE=ipsec is not
|
|
supported by Shorewall 4.4.x</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, you will need to:</para>
|
|
|
|
<orderedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Set IPSECFILE=zones</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Modify your <filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename>
|
|
file as described <link linkend="zones">below</link>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>PKTTYPE</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The PKTTYPE option is ignored by Shorewall-perl.
|
|
Shorewall-perl will use Address type match if it is available;
|
|
otherwise, it will behave as if PKTTYPE=No had been
|
|
specified.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>RFC1918_LOG_LEVEL</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you have specified any setting for this option, you will
|
|
receive the following warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: RFC1918_LOG_LEVEL=value
|
|
ignored. The 'norfc1918' interface/host option is no longer
|
|
supported.</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, set RFC1918_LOG_LEVEL= or simply
|
|
remove the setting altogether.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>RFC1918_STRICT</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you have set this option to Yes, you will receive the
|
|
following warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: RFC1918_STRICT=Yes is not
|
|
supported by Shorewall 4.4.x</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, set RFC1918_STRICT=No or remove
|
|
the setting altogether.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>SAVE_IPSETS</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Shorewall 4.4.0-4.4.5 will issue a warning if you set
|
|
SAVE_IPSETS=Yes in <filename>shorewall.conf</filename>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING SAVE_IPSETS=Yes is not
|
|
supported by Shorewall 4.4.x</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate this message, you will need to set
|
|
SAVE_IPSETS=No or remove the setting altogether.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>See <link linkend="ipsets">below</link> for additional
|
|
information regarding ipsets in Shorewall 4.4.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>SHOREWALL_COMPILER</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you have specified SHOREWALL_COMPILER=shell, you will
|
|
receive the following warning message:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: SHOREWALL_COMPILER=shell
|
|
ignored. Shorewall-shell support has been removed in this
|
|
release</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, set SHOREWALL_COMPILER=perl or
|
|
simply remove the setting altogether.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>USE_ACTIONS</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you have set this option to No, you will receive the
|
|
following warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: USE_ACTIONS=No is not
|
|
supported by Shorewall 4.4.x</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, set USE_ACTIONS=Yes or remove the
|
|
setting altogether.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="zones">
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/zones</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>If the column headings in your /etc/shorewall/zones file look like
|
|
this:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE DISPLAY COMMENTS
|
|
net Net The big bad net
|
|
loc Local The local LAN</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>then you are using the original zones file format that has been
|
|
deprecated since Shorewall 3.0.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You will need to convert to the new file format which has the
|
|
following headings:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE TYPE OPTIONS IN OUT
|
|
# OPTIONS OPTIONS</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>You will need to add an entry for your firewall zone. The default
|
|
name for the firewall zone is 'fw' but may have been overriden using
|
|
<link linkend="FW">the FW option in
|
|
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename></link>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE TYPE OPTIONS IN OUT
|
|
# OPTIONS OPTIONS
|
|
fw firewall</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>The remainder of your zones will have type 'ipv4' unless they are
|
|
mentioned in your /etc/shorewall/ipsec file (see <link
|
|
linkend="ipsec">below</link>).</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE TYPE OPTIONS IN OUT
|
|
# OPTIONS OPTIONS
|
|
fw firewall
|
|
net ipv4 # The big bad net
|
|
loc ipv4 # The local LAN</programlisting>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="ipsec">
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/ipsec</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>This file is no longer used -- its specifications are now included
|
|
in <filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Take this example:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE IPSEC OPTIONS IN OUT
|
|
# ONLY OPTIONS OPTIONS
|
|
ipsec1 Yes
|
|
ipsec2 No</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>This would translate to the following entries in
|
|
<filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ZONE TYPE OPTIONS IN OUT
|
|
# OPTIONS OPTIONS
|
|
ipsec1 ipsec4
|
|
ipsec2 ipv4</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Any OPTIONS, IN OPTIONS and OUT OPTIONS should simply be copied
|
|
from <filename>/etc/shorewall/ipsec</filename> to
|
|
<filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename>.</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="interfaces">
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The BROADCAST column is essentially unused in Squeeze. If it
|
|
contains anything except 'detect' or '-', then you will receive this
|
|
warning<footnote>
|
|
<para>Users whose kernel and/or iptables do not include Address Type
|
|
Match Support can continue to list broadcast addresses in this
|
|
column; no warning will be issued.</para>
|
|
</footnote>:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: Shorewall no longer uses
|
|
broadcast addresses in rule generation when Address Type Match is
|
|
available</emphasis></para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, replace the contents of the BROADCAST
|
|
column with '-' or 'detect'.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The 'norfc1918' option has been removed. If you specify the
|
|
option, you will receive the following warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: Support for the norfc1918
|
|
interface option has been removed from Shorewall</emphasis></para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, simply remove the 'norfc1918' option
|
|
from the OPTIONS list. You may wish to consider NULL_ROUTE_RFC1918=Yes
|
|
as a replacement (see <ulink
|
|
url="manpages/shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf</ulink> (5)).</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="hosts">
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/hosts</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The 'norfc1918' option has been removed. If you specify the
|
|
option, you will receive the following warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: The 'norfc1918' option is no
|
|
longer supported</emphasis></para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, simply remove the 'norfc1918' option
|
|
from the OPTIONS list. You may wish to consider NULL_ROUTE_RFC1918=Yes
|
|
as a replacement (see <ulink
|
|
url="manpages/shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf</ulink> (5)).</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="policy">
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/policy</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Shorewall 4.4 detects dead policy file entries that result when an
|
|
entry is masked by an earlier more general entry.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Example:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#SOURCE DEST POLICY LOG LEVEL
|
|
all all REJECT info
|
|
loc net ACCEPT</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Shorewall-shell silently accepted the above even though the
|
|
loc->net policy is useless. Shorewall-perl generates a fatal
|
|
compilation error:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">ERROR: Policy "loc net ACCEPT" duplicates
|
|
earlier policy "all all REJECT"</emphasis></para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="masq">
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/masq</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>There is a long tradition of specifying an interface name in the
|
|
SOURCE column of this file.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Masquerading/SNAT occurs in the Netfilter POSTROUTING chain where
|
|
an incoming interface may not be specified in iptables rules.
|
|
Consequently, while processing the <command>shorewall start</command>
|
|
and <command>shorewall restart</command> commands, the generated script
|
|
must examine the firewall's main routing table to determine those
|
|
networks that are routed out of the interface; the script then adds a
|
|
MASQUERADE/SNAT rule for connections from each of those networks. This
|
|
additional processing requires the named interface to be up and
|
|
configured when Shorewall starts or restarts.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Users often complain that Shorewall fails to start at boot time
|
|
because a VPN interface that is named as a masq SOURCE isn't up and
|
|
configured during boot.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>To emphasize this restriction, if an interface is named in the
|
|
SOURCE column of one or more entries, a single warning is issued as
|
|
follows:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: Using an interface as the masq
|
|
SOURCE requires the interface to be up and configured when Shorewall
|
|
starts/restarts</emphasis></para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<para>To suppress this warning, replace the interface name with the list
|
|
of networks that are routed out of the interface.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Example.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Existing entry:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#INTERFACE SOURCE ADDRESS PROTO PORT(S) IPSEC MARK USER/
|
|
# GROUP
|
|
eth0 eth1</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Current routing configuration:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>gateway:~# ip route ls dev eth1
|
|
<emphasis role="bold">172.20.1.0/24</emphasis> proto kernel scope link src 172.20.1.254
|
|
224.0.0.0/4 scope link
|
|
gateway:~#
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Replacement entry:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#INTERFACE SOURCE ADDRESS PROTO PORT(S) IPSEC MARK USER/
|
|
# GROUP
|
|
eth0 <emphasis role="bold">172.20.1.0/24</emphasis></programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that no entry is included for 224.0.0.0/4 since that is the
|
|
multicast IP range and there should never be any packets with a SOURCE
|
|
IP address in that network.</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="rules">
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/rules</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you include a destination zone in a 'nonat' rule, Shorewall
|
|
issues the following warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: Destination zone (zonename)
|
|
ignored.</emphasis></para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<para>Nonat rules include:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member>DNAT-</member>
|
|
|
|
<member>REDIRECT-</member>
|
|
|
|
<member>NONAT</member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<para>To eliminate the warning, remove the DEST zone.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Example.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Before:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DEST PROTO DEST SOURCE ORIGINAL RATE USER/ MARK CONNLIMIT TIME
|
|
# PORT PORT(S) DEST LIMIT GROUP
|
|
NONAT loc net tcp 80</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>After:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DEST PROTO DEST SOURCE ORIGINAL RATE USER/ MARK CONNLIMIT TIME
|
|
# PORT PORT(S) DEST LIMIT GROUP
|
|
NONAT loc - tcp 80</programlisting>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="routestopped">
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/routestopped</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The 'critical' option is no longer needed and hence is no longer
|
|
supported. If you have critical hosts defined, you will receive this
|
|
warning:</para>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">WARNING: The 'critical' option is no
|
|
longer supported (or needed)</emphasis></para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<para>To suppress the warning, simply remove the option.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Shorewall 4.4 also treats the <filename>routestopped</filename>
|
|
file differently from earlier releases. Previously, the
|
|
<filename>routestopped</filename> file was parsed during
|
|
<command>shorewall stop</command> processing so that changes made to the
|
|
file while Shorewall was running would be applied at the next
|
|
<command>stop</command>. This is no longer the case -- the
|
|
<filename>routestopped</filename> file is processed during compilation
|
|
just like the rest of the configuration files so that when
|
|
<command>shorewall stop</command> is issued, the firewall will pass
|
|
traffic based on the contents of the <filename>routestopped</filename>
|
|
file at the last <command>start</command> or
|
|
<command>restart</command>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you change the <filename>routestopped</filename> file and now
|
|
want to stop the firewall, you can run this sequence of commands:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>shorewall compile
|
|
shorewall stop</command></programlisting>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="tos">
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/tos</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <filename>/etc/shorewall/tos</filename> file now has
|
|
zone-independent SOURCE and DEST columns as do all other files except
|
|
the rules and policy files.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The SOURCE column may be one of the following:</para>
|
|
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member>[<command>all</command>:]<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]</member>
|
|
|
|
<member>[<command>all</command>:]<<replaceable>interface</replaceable>>[:<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]]</member>
|
|
|
|
<member><command>$FW</command>[:<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]]</member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The DEST column may be one of the following:</para>
|
|
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member>[<command>all</command>:]<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]</member>
|
|
|
|
<member>[<command>all</command>:]<<replaceable>interface</replaceable>>[:<<replaceable>address</replaceable>>[,...]]</member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>This is a permanent change. The old zone-based rules have never
|
|
worked right and this is a good time to replace them. We have tried to
|
|
make the new syntax cover the most common cases without requiring change
|
|
to existing files. In particular, it will handle the
|
|
<filename>tos</filename> file released with Shorewall 1.4 and
|
|
earlier.</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="extension">
|
|
<title>Extension Scripts</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>With the shell-based compiler, all extension scripts were copied
|
|
into the compiled script and executed at run-time. In some cases, this
|
|
approach doesn't work with Shorewall Perl because (almost) the entire
|
|
rule set is built by the compiler. As a result, Shorewall-perl runs some
|
|
extension scripts at compile-time rather than at run-time. Because the
|
|
compiler is written in Perl, these extension scripts from earlier
|
|
versions will no longer work.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The following table summarizes when the various extension scripts
|
|
are run:<informaltable align="left" frame="none">
|
|
<tgroup cols="3">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">Compile-time (Must be written in
|
|
Perl)</emphasis></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">Run-time</emphasis></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">Eliminated</emphasis></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>initdone</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>clear</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>continue</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>maclog</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Per-chain (including those associated with
|
|
actions)</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>start</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>started</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>stop</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>stopped</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>tcclear</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Compile-time extension scripts are executed using the Perl 'eval
|
|
`cat <file>`' mechanism. Be sure that each script returns a 'true'
|
|
value; otherwise, the Shorewall-perl compiler will assume that the
|
|
script failed and will abort the compilation.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>When a script is invoked, the <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">$chainref</emphasis> scalar variable will usually hold a
|
|
reference to a chain table entry.</para>
|
|
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member><emphasis role="bold">$chainref->{name}</emphasis> contains
|
|
the name of the chain</member>
|
|
|
|
<member><emphasis role="bold">$chainref->{table}</emphasis> holds
|
|
the table name</member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>To add a rule to the chain:</para>
|
|
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member>add_rule $chainref,
|
|
<replaceable>the-rule</replaceable></member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Where</para>
|
|
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member><replaceable>the rule</replaceable> is a scalar argument
|
|
holding the rule text. Do not include "-A
|
|
<replaceable>chain-name</replaceable>"</member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Example:</para>
|
|
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member>add_rule $chainref, '-j ACCEPT';</member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>To insert a rule into the chain:</para>
|
|
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member>insert_rule $chainref, <replaceable>rulenum</replaceable>,
|
|
<replaceable>the-rule</replaceable></member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The log_rule_limit function works like it does in the shell
|
|
compiler with three exceptions:</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>You pass the chain reference rather than the name of the
|
|
chain.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The commands are 'add' and 'insert' rather than '-A' and
|
|
'-I'.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>There is only a single "pass as-is to iptables" argument (so
|
|
you must quote that part</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Example:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting> log_rule_limit
|
|
'info' ,
|
|
$chainref ,
|
|
$chainref->{name},
|
|
'DROP' ,
|
|
'', #Limit
|
|
'' , #Log tag
|
|
'add'
|
|
'-p tcp '; </programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Here is an example of an actual initdone script used with
|
|
Shorewall 3.4:<programlisting>run_iptables -t mangle -I PREROUTING -p esp -j MARK --set-mark 0x50
|
|
run_iptables -t filter -I INPUT -p udp --dport 1701 -m mark --mark 0x50 -j ACCEPT
|
|
run_iptables -t filter -I OUTPUT -p udp --sport 1701 -j ACCEPT
|
|
</programlisting></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Here is the corresponding script used with Shorewall
|
|
4.4:<programlisting>use Shorewall::Chains;
|
|
|
|
insert_rule $mangle_table->{PREROUTING}, 1, "-p esp -j MARK --set-mark 0x50";
|
|
insert_rule $filter_table->{INPUT}, 1, "-p udp --dport 1701 -m mark --mark 0x50 -j ACCEPT";
|
|
insert_rule $filter_table->{OUTPUT}, 1, "-p udp --sport 1701 -j ACCEPT";
|
|
|
|
1;</programlisting></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The initdone script is unique because the $chainref variable is
|
|
not set before the script is called. The above script illustrates how
|
|
the $mangle_table, $filter_table, and $nat_table references can be used
|
|
to add or insert rules in arbitrary chains.</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="ipsets">
|
|
<title>Ipsets</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Shorewall 4.4 insists that ipset names begin with a letter and be
|
|
composed of alphanumeric characters and underscores (_). When used in a
|
|
Shorewall configuration file, the name must be preceded by a plus sign
|
|
(+) as with the shell-based compiler.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Shorewall 4.4.6 re-introduced SAVE_IPSETS=Yes with slightly
|
|
different semantics:</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The contents of the ipsets are saved during processing of the
|
|
<command>stop</command> command in addition to during processing of
|
|
the <command>save</command> command.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The contents of the ipsets are restored during processing of
|
|
the <command>start</command> command in addition to during
|
|
processing of the <command>restore</command> command. When
|
|
<command>restore</command> is being run when Shorewall is not in the
|
|
stopped state (such as when it is run to recover from a failed
|
|
<command>start</command>, <command>restart</command> or
|
|
<command>refresh</command>) ipsets are not restored.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Specifying an ipset in <ulink
|
|
url="manpages/shorewall-routestopped.html">shorewall-routestopped
|
|
</ulink>(5) is prohibited when SAVE_IPSETS=Yes.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Additional">
|
|
<title>Additional Sources of Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The following articles provide additional information.</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><ulink url="Shorewall-perl.html#Incompatibilities">Shorewall
|
|
Perl Incompatibilities</ulink></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><ulink url="upgrade_issues.htm">Upgrade Issues</ulink></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</article>
|