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299 lines
12 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
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<refentry>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>shorewall-tunnels</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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<refmiscinfo>Configuration Files</refmiscinfo>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>tunnels</refname>
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<refpurpose>Shorewall VPN definition file</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>/etc/shorewall/tunnels</command>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>The tunnels file is used to define rules for encapsulated (usually
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encrypted) traffic to pass between the Shorewall system and a remote
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gateway. Traffic flowing through the tunnel is handled using the normal
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zone/policy/rule mechanism. See <ulink
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url="/VPNBasics.html">http://www.shorewall.net/VPNBasics.html</ulink> for
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details.</para>
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<para>The columns in the file are as follows.</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">TYPE</emphasis> - {<emphasis
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role="bold">ipsec</emphasis>[<emphasis
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role="bold">:{noah</emphasis>|ah}]|<emphasis
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role="bold">ipsecnat</emphasis>|<emphasis
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role="bold">ipip</emphasis>|<emphasis
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role="bold">gre</emphasis>|l2tp|<emphasis
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role="bold">pptpclient</emphasis>|<emphasis
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role="bold">pptpserver</emphasis>|[?]COMMENT|{<emphasis
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role="bold">openvpn</emphasis>|<emphasis
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role="bold">openvpnclient</emphasis>|<emphasis
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role="bold">openvpnserver</emphasis>}[:{<emphasis
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role="bold">tcp</emphasis>|<emphasis
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role="bold">udp</emphasis>}]<emphasis
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role="bold">[</emphasis>:<emphasis>port</emphasis>]|<emphasis
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role="bold">generic</emphasis><emphasis
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role="bold">:</emphasis><emphasis>protocol</emphasis>[<emphasis
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role="bold">:</emphasis><emphasis>port</emphasis>]}</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Types are as follows:</para>
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<programlisting> <emphasis role="bold">6to4</emphasis> or <emphasis
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role="bold">6in4</emphasis> - 6to4 or 6in4 tunnel. The <emphasis
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role="bold">6in4</emphasis> synonym was added in 4.4.24.
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<emphasis role="bold">ipsec</emphasis> - IPv4 IPSEC
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<emphasis role="bold">ipsecnat</emphasis> - IPv4 IPSEC with NAT Traversal (UDP port 4500 encapsulation)
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<emphasis role="bold">ipip</emphasis> - IPv4 encapsulated in IPv4 (Protocol 4)
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<emphasis role="bold">gre</emphasis> - Generalized Routing Encapsulation (Protocol 47)
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<emphasis role="bold">l2tp</emphasis> - Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (UDP port 1701)
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<emphasis role="bold">pptpclient</emphasis> - PPTP Client runs on the firewall
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<emphasis role="bold">pptpserver</emphasis> - PPTP Server runs on the firewall
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<emphasis role="bold">openvpn</emphasis> - OpenVPN in point-to-point mode
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<emphasis role="bold">openvpnclient</emphasis> - OpenVPN client runs on the firewall
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<emphasis role="bold">openvpnserver</emphasis> - OpenVPN server runs on the firewall
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<emphasis role="bold">generic</emphasis> - Other tunnel type</programlisting>
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<para>If the type is <emphasis role="bold">ipsec</emphasis>, it may
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be followed by <emphasis role="bold">:ah</emphasis> to indicate that
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the Authentication Headers protocol (51) is used by the tunnel (the
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default is <option>:noah</option> which means that protocol 51 is
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not used). NAT traversal is only supported with ESP (protocol 50) so
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<emphasis role="bold">ipsecnat</emphasis> tunnels don't allow the
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<emphasis role="bold">ah</emphasis> option (<emphasis
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role="bold">ipsecnat:noah</emphasis> may be specified but is
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redundant).</para>
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<para>If type is <emphasis role="bold">openvpn</emphasis>, <emphasis
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role="bold">openvpnclient</emphasis> or <emphasis
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role="bold">openvpnserver</emphasis> it may optionally be followed
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by ":" and <emphasis role="bold">tcp</emphasis> or <emphasis
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role="bold">udp</emphasis> to specify the protocol to be used. If
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not specified, <emphasis role="bold">udp</emphasis> is
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assumed.</para>
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<para>If type is <emphasis role="bold">openvpn</emphasis>, <emphasis
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role="bold">openvpnclient</emphasis> or <emphasis
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role="bold">openvpnserver</emphasis> it may optionally be followed
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by ":" and the port number used by the tunnel. if no ":" and port
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number are included, then the default port of 1194 will be used. .
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Where both the protocol and port are specified, the protocol must be
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given first (e.g., openvpn:tcp:4444).</para>
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<para>If type is <emphasis role="bold">generic</emphasis>, it must
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be followed by ":" and a protocol name (from /etc/protocols) or a
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protocol number. If the protocol is <emphasis
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role="bold">tcp</emphasis> or <emphasis role="bold">udp</emphasis>
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(6 or 17), then it may optionally be followed by ":" and a port
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number.</para>
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<para>Comments may be attached to Netfilter rules generated from
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entries in this file through the use of COMMENT lines. These lines
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begin with the word COMMENT; the remainder of the line is treated as
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a comment which is attached to subsequent rules until another
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COMMENT line is found or until the end of the file is reached. To
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stop adding comments to rules, use a line with only the word
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COMMENT.</para>
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<note>
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<para>Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.11, ?COMMENT is a synonym for
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COMMENT and is preferred.</para>
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</note>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">ZONE</emphasis> -
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<emphasis>zone</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The <emphasis>zone</emphasis> of the physical interface
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through which tunnel traffic passes. This is normally your internet
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zone.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">GATEWAY</emphasis>(S) (gateway or
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gateways) - <emphasis>address-or-range</emphasis> <emphasis
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role="bold">[ , ... ]</emphasis></term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The IP address of the remote tunnel gateway. If the remote
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gateway has no fixed address (Road Warrior) then specify the gateway
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as <emphasis role="bold">0.0.0.0/0</emphasis>. May be specified as a
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network address and if your kernel and iptables include iprange
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match support then IP address ranges are also allowed.</para>
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<para>Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.3, a list of addresses or ranges
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may be given. Exclusion (<ulink
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url="/manpages/shorewall-exclusion.html">shorewall-exclusion</ulink>
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(5) ) is not supported.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><emphasis role="bold">GATEWAY ZONES</emphasis> (gateway_zone or
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gateway_zones) - [<emphasis>zone</emphasis>[<emphasis
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role="bold">,</emphasis><emphasis>zone</emphasis>]...]</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Optional. If the gateway system specified in the third column
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is a standalone host then this column should contain a
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comma-separated list of the names of the zones that the host might
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be in. This column only applies to IPSEC tunnels where it enables
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ISAKMP traffic to flow through the tunnel to the remote
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gateway(s).</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Example</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 1:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>IPSec tunnel.</para>
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<para>The remote gateway is 4.33.99.124 and the remote subnet is
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192.168.9.0/24. The tunnel does not use the AH protocol</para>
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<programlisting> #TYPE ZONE GATEWAY
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ipsec:noah net 4.33.99.124</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 2:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Road Warrior (LapTop that may connect from anywhere) where the
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"gw" zone is used to represent the remote LapTop</para>
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<programlisting> #TYPE ZONE GATEWAY GATEWAY ZONES
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ipsec net 0.0.0.0/0 gw</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 3:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Host 4.33.99.124 is a standalone system connected via an ipsec
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tunnel to the firewall system. The host is in zone gw.</para>
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<programlisting> #TYPE ZONE GATEWAY GATEWAY ZONES
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ipsec net 4.33.99.124 gw</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 4:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Road Warriors that may belong to zones vpn1, vpn2 or vpn3. The
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FreeS/Wan _updown script will add the host to the appropriate zone
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using the <command>shorewall add</command> command on connect and
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will remove the host from the zone at disconnect time.</para>
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<programlisting> #TYPE ZONE GATEWAY GATEWAY ZONES
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ipsec net 0.0.0.0/0 vpn1,vpn2,vpn3</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 5:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>You run the Linux PPTP client on your firewall and connect to
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server 192.0.2.221.</para>
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<programlisting> #TYPE ZONE GATEWAY GATEWAY ZONES
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pptpclient net 192.0.2.221</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 6:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>You run a PPTP server on your firewall.</para>
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<programlisting> #TYPE ZONE GATEWAY GATEWAY ZONES
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pptpserver net 0.0.0.0/0</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 7:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>OPENVPN tunnel. The remote gateway is 4.33.99.124 and openvpn
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uses port 7777.</para>
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<programlisting> #TYPE ZONE GATEWAY GATEWAY ZONES
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openvpn:7777 net 4.33.99.124</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Example 8:</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>You have a tunnel that is not one of the supported types. Your
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tunnel uses UDP port 4444. The other end of the tunnel is
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4.3.99.124.</para>
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<programlisting> #TYPE ZONE GATEWAY GATEWAY ZONES
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generic:udp:4444 net 4.3.99.124</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>FILES</title>
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<para>/etc/shorewall/tunnels</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See ALSO</title>
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<para><ulink
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url="/configuration_file_basics.htm#Pairs">http://www.shorewall.net/configuration_file_basics.htm#Pairs</ulink></para>
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<para>shorewall(8), shorewall-accounting(5), shorewall-actions(5),
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shorewall-blacklist(5), shorewall-hosts(5), shorewall_interfaces(5),
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shorewall-ipsets(5), shorewall-maclist(5), shorewall-masq(5),
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shorewall-nat(5), shorewall-netmap(5), shorewall-params(5),
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shorewall-policy(5), shorewall-providers(5), shorewall-proxyarp(5),
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shorewall-rtrules(5), shorewall-routestopped(5), shorewall-rules(5),
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shorewall.conf(5), shorewall-secmarks(5), shorewall-tcclasses(5),
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shorewall-tcdevices(5), shorewall-mangle(5), shorewall-tos(5),
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shorewall-zones(5)</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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