mirror of
https://gitlab.com/shorewall/code.git
synced 2024-11-27 18:13:13 +01:00
6f95ef2a22
git-svn-id: https://shorewall.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/shorewall/trunk@8309 fbd18981-670d-0410-9b5c-8dc0c1a9a2bb
368 lines
14 KiB
XML
368 lines
14 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
|
<refentry>
|
|
<refmeta>
|
|
<refentrytitle>shorewall-tcclasses</refentrytitle>
|
|
|
|
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
|
|
</refmeta>
|
|
|
|
<refnamediv>
|
|
<refname>tcclasses</refname>
|
|
|
|
<refpurpose>Shorewall file to define HTB classes</refpurpose>
|
|
</refnamediv>
|
|
|
|
<refsynopsisdiv>
|
|
<cmdsynopsis>
|
|
<command>/etc/shorewall/tcclasses</command>
|
|
</cmdsynopsis>
|
|
</refsynopsisdiv>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Description</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>A note on the <emphasis>rate</emphasis>/bandwidth definitions used
|
|
in this file:</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>don't use a space between the integer value and the unit: 30kbit
|
|
is valid while 30 kbit is NOT.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>you can use one of the following units:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">kpbs</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Kilobytes per second.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">mbps</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Megabytes per second.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">kbit</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Kilobits per second.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">mbit</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Megabits per second.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">bps</emphasis> or <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">number</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Bytes per second.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>if you want the values to be calculated for you depending on the
|
|
output bandwidth setting defined for an interface in tcdevices, you
|
|
can use expressions like the following:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>full/3</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>causes the bandwidth to be calculated as 1/3 of the full
|
|
outgoing speed that is defined.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>full*9/10</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>will set this bandwidth to 9/10 of the full
|
|
bandwidth</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>DO NOT add a unit to the rate if it is calculated !</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The columns in the file are as follows.</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">INTERFACE</emphasis> —
|
|
<emphasis>interface</emphasis>[:<emphasis>class</emphasis>]</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Name of <emphasis>interface</emphasis>. Each interface may be
|
|
listed only once in this file. You may NOT specify the name of an
|
|
alias (e.g., eth0:0) here; see <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.shorewall.net/FAQ.htm#faq18">http://www.shorewall.net/FAQ.htm#faq18</ulink></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you are running Shorewall-perl 4.1.6 or later, you may
|
|
specify the interface number rather than the interface name. If the
|
|
<emphasis role="bold">classify</emphasis> option is given for the
|
|
interface in <ulink
|
|
url="shorewall-tcdevices.html">shorewall-tcdevices</ulink>(5), then
|
|
you must also specify an interface class (an integer that must be
|
|
unique within classes associated with this interface).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You may NOT specify wildcards here, e.g. if you have multiple
|
|
ppp interfaces, you need to put them all in here!</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Please note that you can only use interface names in here that
|
|
have a bandwidth defined in the <ulink
|
|
url="shorewall-tcdevices.html">shorewall-tcdevices</ulink>(5)
|
|
file</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">MARK</emphasis> —
|
|
{-|<emphasis>value</emphasis>}</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The mark <emphasis>value</emphasis> which is an integer in the
|
|
range 1-255. You set mark values in the <ulink
|
|
url="shorewall-tcrules.html">shorewall-tcrules</ulink>(5) file,
|
|
marking the traffic you want to fit in the classes defined in here.
|
|
Must be specified as '-' if the <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">classify</emphasis> option is given for the interface in
|
|
<ulink
|
|
url="shorewall-tcdevices.html">shorewall-tcdevices</ulink>(5)</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You can use the same marks for different interfaces.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">RATE</emphasis> —
|
|
<emphasis>rate</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The minimum bandwidth this class should get, when the traffic
|
|
load rises. If the sum of the rates in this column exceeds the
|
|
INTERFACE's OUT-BANDWIDTH, then the OUT-BANDWIDTH limit may not be
|
|
honored.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">CEIL</emphasis> —
|
|
<emphasis>rate</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The maximum bandwidth this class is allowed to use when the
|
|
link is idle. Useful if you have traffic which can get full speed
|
|
when more needed services (e.g. ssh) are not used.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>You can use the value <emphasis role="bold">full</emphasis> in
|
|
here for setting the maximum bandwidth to the defined output
|
|
bandwidth of that interface.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">PRIORITY</emphasis> —
|
|
<emphasis>priority</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The <emphasis>priority</emphasis> in which classes will be
|
|
serviced by the packet shaping scheduler and also the priority in
|
|
which bandwidth in excess of the rate will be given to each
|
|
class.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Higher priority classes will experience less delay since they
|
|
are serviced first. Priority values are serviced in ascending order
|
|
(e.g. 0 is higher priority than 1).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Classes may be set to the same priority, in which case they
|
|
will be serviced as equals.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">OPTIONS</emphasis> (Optional) —
|
|
[<emphasis>option</emphasis>[<emphasis
|
|
role="bold">,</emphasis><emphasis>option</emphasis>]...]</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Added in Shorewall-perl 4.1. A comma-separated list of options
|
|
including the following:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">default</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>This is the default class for that interface where all
|
|
traffic should go, that is not classified otherwise.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para></para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>You must define <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">default</emphasis> for exactly one class per
|
|
interface.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis
|
|
role="bold">tos=0x</emphasis><emphasis>value</emphasis>[/0x<emphasis>mask</emphasis>]
|
|
(mask defaults to 0xff)</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>This lets you define a classifier for the given
|
|
<emphasis>value</emphasis>/<emphasis>mask</emphasis>
|
|
combination of the IP packet's TOS/Precedence/DiffSrv octet
|
|
(aka the TOS byte). Please note that classifiers override all
|
|
mark settings, so if you define a classifer for a class, all
|
|
traffic having that mark will go in it regardless of any mark
|
|
set on the packet by a firewall/mangle filter.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis
|
|
role="bold">tos-</emphasis><emphasis>tosname</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Aliases for the following TOS octet value and mask
|
|
encodings. TOS encodings of the "TOS byte" have been
|
|
deprecated in favor of diffserve classes, but programs like
|
|
ssh, rlogin, and ftp still use them.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting> <emphasis role="bold">tos-minimize-delay</emphasis> 0x10/0x10
|
|
<emphasis role="bold">tos-maximize-throughput</emphasis> 0x08/0x08
|
|
<emphasis role="bold">tos-maximize-reliability</emphasis> 0x04/0x04
|
|
<emphasis role="bold">tos-minimize-cost</emphasis> 0x02/0x02
|
|
<emphasis role="bold">tos-normal-service</emphasis> 0x00/0x1e</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>Each of these options is only valid for ONE class per
|
|
interface.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term><emphasis role="bold">tcp-ack</emphasis></term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If defined, causes a tc filter to be created that puts
|
|
all tcp ack packets on that interface that have a size of
|
|
<=64 Bytes to go in this class. This is useful for speeding
|
|
up downloads. Please note that the size of the ack packets is
|
|
limited to 64 bytes because we want only packets WITHOUT
|
|
payload to match.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para></para>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>This option is only valid for ONE class per
|
|
interface.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>Examples</title>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>Example 1:</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Suppose you are using PPP over Ethernet (DSL) and ppp0 is the
|
|
interface for this. You have 4 classes here, the first you can use
|
|
for voice over IP traffic, the second interactive traffic (e.g.
|
|
ssh/telnet but not scp), the third will be for all unclassified
|
|
traffic, and the forth is for low priority traffic (e.g.
|
|
peer-to-peer).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The voice traffic in the first class will be guaranteed a
|
|
minimum of 100kbps and always be serviced first (because of the low
|
|
priority number, giving less delay) and will be granted excess
|
|
bandwidth (up to 180kbps, the class ceiling) first, before any other
|
|
traffic. A single VOIP stream, depending upon codecs, after
|
|
encapsulation, can take up to 80kbps on a PPOE/DSL link, so we pad a
|
|
little bit just in case. (TOS byte values 0xb8 and 0x68 are DiffServ
|
|
classes EF and AFF3-1 respectively and are often used by VOIP
|
|
devices).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Interactive traffic (tos-minimum-delay) and TCP acks (and ICMP
|
|
echo traffic if you use the example in tcrules) and any packet with
|
|
a mark of 2 will be guaranteed 1/4 of the link bandwidth, and may
|
|
extend up to full speed of the link.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Unclassified traffic and packets marked as 3 will be
|
|
guaranteed 1/4th of the link bandwidth, and may extend to the full
|
|
speed of the link.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Packets marked with 4 will be treated as low priority packets.
|
|
(The tcrules example marks p2p traffic as such.) If the link is
|
|
congested, they're only guaranteed 1/8th of the speed, and even if
|
|
the link is empty, can only expand to 80% of link bandwidth just as
|
|
a precaution in case there are upstream queues we didn't account
|
|
for. This is the last class to get additional bandwidth and the last
|
|
to get serviced by the scheduler because of the low priority.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting> #INTERFACE MARK RATE CEIL PRIORITY OPTIONS
|
|
ppp0 1 100kbit 180kbit 1 tos=0x68/0xfc,tos=0xb8/0xfc
|
|
ppp0 2 full/4 full 2 tcp-ack,tos-minimize-delay
|
|
ppp0 3 full/4 full 3 default
|
|
ppp0 4 full/8 full*8/10 4</programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>FILES</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>/etc/shorewall/tcclasses</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1>
|
|
<title>See ALSO</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><ulink
|
|
url="http://shorewall.net/traffic_shaping.htm">http://shorewall.net/traffic_shaping.htm</ulink></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>shorewall(8), shorewall-accounting(5), shorewall-actions(5),
|
|
shorewall-blacklist(5), shorewall-hosts(5), shorewall-interfaces(5),
|
|
shorewall-ipsec(5), shorewall-maclist(5), shorewall-masq(5),
|
|
shorewall-nat(5), shorewall-netmap(5), shorewall-params(5),
|
|
shorewall-policy(5), shorewall-providers(5), shorewall-proxyarp(5),
|
|
shorewall-route_rules(5), shorewall-routestopped(5), shorewall-rules(5),
|
|
shorewall.conf(5), shorewall-tcdevices(5), shorewall-tcrules(5),
|
|
shorewall-tos(5), shorewall-tunnels(5), shorewall-zones(5)</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
</refentry> |