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git-svn-id: https://shorewall.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/shorewall/trunk@1028 fbd18981-670d-0410-9b5c-8dc0c1a9a2bb
631 lines
30 KiB
XML
631 lines
30 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<article>
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<!--$Id$-->
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<articleinfo>
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<title>About My Network</title>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Tom</firstname>
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<surname>Eastep</surname>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<pubdate>2003-12-29</pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2001-2003</year>
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<holder>Thomas M. Eastep</holder>
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</copyright>
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<legalnotice>
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<para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
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1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with
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no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover, and with no Back-Cover
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Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
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<quote><ulink url="GnuCopyright.htm">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink></quote>.</para>
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</legalnotice>
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</articleinfo>
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<section>
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<title>My Current Network</title>
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<caution>
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<para>I use a combination of One-to-one NAT and Proxy ARP, neither of
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which are relevant to a simple configuration with a single public IP
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address. If you have just a single public IP address, most of what you
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see here won't apply to your setup so beware of copying parts of
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this configuration and expecting them to work for you. What you copy may
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or may not work in your configuration.</para>
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</caution>
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<caution>
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<para>The configuration shown here corresponds to Shorewall version
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1.4.9. It may use features not available in earlier Shorewall releases.</para>
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</caution>
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<para>I have DSL service and have 5 static IP addresses
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(206.124.146.176-180). My DSL <quote>modem</quote> (Fujitsu Speedport) is
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connected to eth0. I have a local network connected to eth2 (subnet
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192.168.1.0/24), a DMZ connected to eth1 (192.168.2.0/24) and a Wireless
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network connected to eth3 (192.168.3.0/24).</para>
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<para>I use:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>One-to-one NAT for Ursa (my personal system that dual-boots
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Mandrake 9.2 and Windows XP) - Internal address 192.168.1.5 and
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external address 206.124.146.178.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>One-to-one NAT for EastepLaptop (My work system). Internal
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address 192.168.1.7 and external address 206.124.146.180.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>SNAT through 206.124.146.179 for  my SuSE 8.1 Linux
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system (Wookie), my Wife's Windows XP system (Tarry), and
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our  Windows XP laptop (Tipper) which connects through the
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Wireless Access Point (wap) via a Wireless Bridge (bridge).<note><para>While
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the distance between the WAP and where I usually use the laptop
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isn't very far (25 feet or so), using a WAC11 (CardBus wireless
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card) has proved very unsatisfactory (lots of lost connections). By
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replacing the WAC11 with the WET11 wireless bridge, I have virtually
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eliminated these problems (Being an old radio tinkerer (K7JPV), I was
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also able to eliminate the disconnects by hanging a piece of aluminum
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foil on the family room wall. Needless to say, my wife Tarry rejected
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that as a permanent solution :-).</para></note></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>The firewall runs on a 256MB PII/233 with RH9.0.</para>
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<para>Wookie, Ursa and the Firewall all run Samba and the Firewall acts as
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a WINS server.</para>
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<para>The wireless network connects to eth3 via a LinkSys WAP11. 
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In additional to using the rather weak WEP 40-bit encryption (64-bit with
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the 24-bit preamble), I use <ulink url="MAC_Validation.html">MAC
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verification</ulink>. This is still a weak combination and if I lived near
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a wireless <quote>hot spot</quote>, I would probably add IPSEC or
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something similar to my WiFi->local connections.</para>
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<para>The single system in the DMZ (address 206.124.146.177) runs postfix,
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Courier IMAP (imaps and pop3), DNS, a Web server (Apache) and an FTP
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server (Pure-ftpd). The system also runs fetchmail to fetch our email from
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our old and current ISPs. That server is managed through Proxy ARP.</para>
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<para>The firewall system itself runs a DHCP server that serves the local
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network.</para>
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<para>All administration and publishing is done using ssh/scp. I have X
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installed on the firewall but no X server or desktop is installed. X
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applications tunnel through SSH to XWin.exe running on Ursa. The server
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does have a desktop environment installed and that desktop environment is
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available via XDMCP from the local zone. For the most part though, X
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tunneled through SSH is used for server administration and the server runs
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at run level 3 (multi-user console mode on RedHat).</para>
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<para>I run an SNMP server on my firewall to serve <ulink
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url="http://www.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg/">MRTG</ulink> running
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in the DMZ.<graphic align="center" fileref="images/network.png" />The
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ethernet interface in the Server is configured with IP address
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206.124.146.177, netmask 255.255.255.0. The server's default gateway
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is 206.124.146.254 (Router at my ISP. This is the same default gateway
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used by the firewall itself). On the firewall, my /sbin/ifup-local script
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(see below) adds a host route to 206.124.146.177 through eth1 when that
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interface is brought up.</para>
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<para>Ursa (192.168.1.5 A.K.A. 206.124.146.178) runs a PPTP server for
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Road Warrior access.</para>
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<section>
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<title>Shorewall.conf</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>LOGFILE=/var/log/messages
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LOGRATE=
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LOGBURST=
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LOGUNCLEAN=$LOG
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BLACKLIST_LOGLEVEL=
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LOGNEWNOTSYN=
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MACLIST_LOG_LEVEL=$LOG
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TCP_FLAGS_LOG_LEVEL=$LOG
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RFC1918_LOG_LEVEL=$LOG
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PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin
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SHOREWALL_SHELL=/bin/ash
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SUBSYSLOCK=/var/lock/subsys/shorewall
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STATEDIR=/var/state/shorewall
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MODULESDIR=
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FW=fw
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IP_FORWARDING=On
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ADD_IP_ALIASES=Yes
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ADD_SNAT_ALIASES=Yes
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TC_ENABLED=Yes
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CLEAR_TC=No
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MARK_IN_FORWARD_CHAIN=No
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CLAMPMSS=Yes
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ROUTE_FILTER=No
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NAT_BEFORE_RULES=No
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DETECT_DNAT_IPADDRS=Yes
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MUTEX_TIMEOUT=60
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NEWNOTSYN=Yes
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BLACKLIST_DISPOSITION=DROP
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MACLIST_DISPOSITION=REJECT
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TCP_FLAGS_DISPOSITION=DROP
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SHARED_DIR=/usr/share/shorewall</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Params File (Edited)</title>
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<blockquote>
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<para><programlisting>MIRRORS=<list of shorewall mirror ip addresses>
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NTPSERVERS=<list of the NTP servers I sync with>
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TEXAS=<ip address of gateway in Dallas>
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LOG=info</programlisting></para>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Zones File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#ZONE DISPLAY COMMENTS
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net Internet Internet
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WiFi Wireless Wireless Network on eth3
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dmz DMZ Demilitarized zone
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loc Local Local networks
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tx Texas Peer Network in Dallas
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Interfaces File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<para>This is set up so that I can start the firewall before bringing
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up my Ethernet interfaces.</para>
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<programlisting>#ZONE INERFACE BROADCAST OPTIONS
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net eth0 206.124.146.255 dhcp,norfc1918,routefilter,blacklist,tcpflags
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loc eth2 192.168.1.255 dhcp
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dmz eth1 192.168.2.255
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WiFi eth3 192.168.3.255 dhcp,maclist
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- texas 192.168.9.255
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Hosts File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#ZONE HOST(S) OPTIONS
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tx              texas:192.168.8.0/22
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Routestopped File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#INTERFACE HOST(S)
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eth1 206.124.146.177
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eth2 -
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eth3 192.168.3.0/24
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>RFC1918 File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<para>I use a stripped-down file which doesn't have to be updated
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when the IANA allocates a block of IP addresses.</para>
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#SUBNET TARGET
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169.254.0.0/16 DROP # DHCP autoconfig
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172.16.0.0/12 logdrop # RFC 1918
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192.0.2.0/24 logdrop # Example addresses
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192.168.0.0/16 logdrop # RFC 1918
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10.24.60.56 DROP # Some idiot in my broadcast domain
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# has a box configured with this
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# address.
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10.0.0.0/8 logdrop # Reserved (RFC 1918)</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Blacklist File (Partial)</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#ADDRESS/SUBNET PROTOCOL PORT
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0.0.0.0/0 udp 1434
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0.0.0.0/0 tcp 1433
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0.0.0.0/0 tcp 8081
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0.0.0.0/0 tcp 57
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Policy File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#SOURCE DESTINATION POLICY LOG LEVEL BURST:LIMIT
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WiFi loc ACCEPT # Allow the wireless new access
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loc net ACCEPT # Allow all net traffic from local net
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$FW loc ACCEPT # Allow local access from the firewall
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$FW tx ACCEPT # Allow firewall access to texas
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loc tx ACCEPT # Allow local net access to texas
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loc fw REJECT $LOG # Reject loc->fw and log
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WiFi net ACCEPT # Allow internet access from wirless
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net all DROP $LOG 10/sec:40 # Rate limit and
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# DROP net->all
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all all REJECT $LOG # Reject and log the rest
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Masq File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<para>Although most of our internal systems use one-to-one NAT, my
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wife's system (192.168.1.4) uses IP Masquerading (actually SNAT)
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as does my SuSE system (192.168.1.3), our laptop (192.168.3.8) and
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visitors with laptops.</para>
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<programlisting>#INTERFACE SUBNET ADDRESS
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eth0 eth2 206.124.146.179
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eth0 eth3 206.124.146.179
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE
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</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>NAT File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#EXTERNAL INTERFACE INTERNAL ALL INTERFACES LOCAL
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206.124.146.178 eth0:0 192.168.1.5 No No
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206.124.146.180 eth0:2 192.168.1.7 No No
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#
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# The following entry allows the server to be accessed through an address in
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# the local network. This is convenient when I'm on the road and connected
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# to the PPTP server. By doing this, I don't need to set my client's default
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# gateway to route through the tunnel.
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#
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192.168.1.193 eth2:0 206.124.146.177 No No
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS LINE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section id="ProxyARP">
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<title>Proxy ARP File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#ADDRESS INTERFACE EXTERNAL HAVEROUTE
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206.124.146.177 eth1 eth0 Yes
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Tunnels File (Shell variable TEXAS set in /etc/shorewall/params)</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#TYPE ZONE GATEWAY GATEWAY ZONE PORT
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gre net $TEXAS
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Actions File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>#ACTION
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Mirrors #Action that accepts traffic from our mirrors
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#LAST LINE - ADD YOUR ENTRIES ABOVE THIS ONE - DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>action.Mirrors File</title>
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<blockquote>
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<para>The $MIRRORS variable expands to a list of approximately 10 IP
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addresses. So moving these checks into a separate chain reduces the
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number of rules that most net->dmz traffic needs to traverse.</para>
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<programlisting>#TARGET SOURCE DEST PROTO DEST SOURCE ORIGINAL RATE
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# PORT PORT(S) DEST LIMIT
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ACCEPT $MIRRORS
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#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Rules File (The shell variables are set in /etc/shorewall/params)</title>
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<blockquote>
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<programlisting>###############################################################################################################################################################################
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#RESULT CLIENT(S) SERVER(S) PROTO PORT(S) CLIENT ORIGINAL RATE USER
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# PORT(S) DEST:SNAT SET
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###############################################################################################################################################################################
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# Local Network to Internet - Reject attempts by Trojans to call home
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#
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REJECT:$LOG loc net tcp 6667
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#
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# Stop NETBIOS crap since our policy is ACCEPT
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#
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REJECT loc net tcp 137,445
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REJECT loc net udp 137:139
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#
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DROP loc:!192.168.1.0/24 net
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QUEUE loc net udp
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QUEUE loc fw udp
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QUEUE loc net tcp
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###############################################################################################################################################################################
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# Local Network to Firewall
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#
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DROP loc:!192.168.1.0/24 fw
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ACCEPT loc fw tcp ssh,time,10000,swat,137,139,445
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ACCEPT loc fw udp snmp,ntp,445
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ACCEPT loc fw udp 137:139
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ACCEPT loc fw udp 1024: 137
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###############################################################################################################################################################################
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# Local Network to DMZ
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#
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DROP loc:!192.168.1.0/24 dmz
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REJECT loc dmz tcp 465
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ACCEPT loc dmz udp domain,xdmcp
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ACCEPT loc dmz tcp www,smtp,domain,ssh,imap,https,imaps,cvspserver,ftp,10000,8080,10027,pop3 -
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###############################################################################################################################################################################
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# Internet to DMZ
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#
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DNAT- net dmz:206.124.146.177 tcp smtp - 206.124.146.179,206.124.146.178
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ACCEPT net dmz tcp smtp,www,ftp,imaps,domain,cvspserver,https -
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ACCEPT net dmz udp domain
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ACCEPT net dmz udp 33434:33436
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Mirrors net dmz tcp rsync
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#ACCEPT:$LOG net dmz tcp 32768:61000 20
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###############################################################################################################################################################################
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#
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# Net to Local
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#
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# When I'm "on the road", the following two rules allow me VPN access back home.
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#
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ACCEPT net loc:192.168.1.5 tcp 1723
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ACCEPT net loc:192.168.1.5 gre
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#
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# ICQ
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#
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ACCEPT net loc:192.168.1.5 tcp 4000:4100
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#
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# Real Audio
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#
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ACCEPT net loc:192.168.1.5 udp 6970:7170
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#
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# Overnet
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#
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#ACCEPT net loc:192.168.1.5 tcp 4662
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#ACCEPT net loc:192.168.1.5 udp 12112
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###############################################################################################################################################################################
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# DMZ to Internet
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#
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ACCEPT dmz net tcp smtp,domain,www,https,whois,echo,2702,21,2703,ssh,8080
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ACCEPT dmz net udp domain
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ACCEPT dmz net:$POPSERVERS tcp pop3
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#ACCEPT dmz net:206.191.151.2 tcp pop3
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#ACCEPT dmz net:66.216.26.115 tcp pop3
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#
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# Something is wrong with the FTP connection tracking code or there is some client out there
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# that is sending a PORT command which that code doesn't understand. Either way,
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# the following works around the problem.
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#
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ACCEPT:$LOG dmz net tcp 1024: 20
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###############################################################################################################################################################################
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# DMZ to Firewall -- ntp & snmp, Silently reject Auth
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#
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ACCEPT dmz fw udp ntp ntp
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ACCEPT dmz fw tcp snmp,ssh
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ACCEPT dmz fw udp snmp
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REJECT dmz fw tcp auth
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###############################################################################################################################################################################
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# DMZ to Internet
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#
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ACCEPT dmz net tcp smtp,domain,www,https,whois,echo,2702,21,2703,ssh,8080
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ACCEPT dmz net udp domain
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ACCEPT dmz net:$POPSERVERS tcp pop3
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#ACCEPT dmz net:206.191.151.2 tcp pop3
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#ACCEPT dmz net:66.216.26.115 tcp pop3
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#
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# Something is wrong with the FTP connection tracking code or there is some client out there
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# that is sending a PORT command which that code doesn't understand. Either way,
|
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# the following works around the problem.
|
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#
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ACCEPT:$LOG dmz net tcp 1024: 20
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###############################################################################################################################################################################
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# DMZ to Firewall -- ntp & snmp, Silently reject Auth
|
|
#
|
|
ACCEPT dmz fw udp ntp ntp
|
|
ACCEPT dmz fw tcp snmp,ssh
|
|
ACCEPT dmz fw udp snmp
|
|
REJECT dmz fw tcp auth
|
|
###############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
#
|
|
# DMZ to Local Network
|
|
#
|
|
ACCEPT dmz loc tcp smtp,6001:6010
|
|
ACCEPT dmz loc tcp 111
|
|
ACCEPT dmz loc udp
|
|
###############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
# Internet to Firewall
|
|
#
|
|
REJECT net fw tcp www
|
|
ACCEPT net dmz udp 33434:33435
|
|
###############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
# WIFI to Firewall
|
|
#
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi fw tcp ssh,137,139,445
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi fw udp 137:139,445
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi fw udp 1024: 137
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi fw udp ntp ntp
|
|
###############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
# Firewall to WIFI
|
|
#
|
|
ACCEPT fw WiFi tcp 137,139,445
|
|
ACCEPT fw WiFi udp 137:139,445
|
|
ACCEPT fw WiFi udp 1024: 137
|
|
ACCEPT fw WiFi udp ntp ntp
|
|
##############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
# WIFI to DMZ
|
|
#
|
|
DNAT- WiFi dmz:206.124.146.177 all - - 192.168.1.193
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi dmz tcp smtp,www,ftp,imaps,domain,https,ssh,8080 -
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi dmz udp domain
|
|
##############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
# WIFI to loc
|
|
#
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi loc udp 137:139
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi loc tcp 22,80,137,139,445,901,3389
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi loc udp 1024: 137
|
|
ACCEPT WiFi loc udp 177
|
|
##############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
# loc to WiFi
|
|
#
|
|
ACCEPT loc WiFi udp 137:139
|
|
ACCEPT loc WiFi tcp 137,139,445
|
|
ACCEPT loc WiFi udp 1024: 137
|
|
ACCEPT loc WiFi tcp 6000:6010
|
|
###############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
# Firewall to Internet
|
|
#
|
|
ACCEPT fw net:$NTPSERVERS udp ntp ntp
|
|
#ACCEPT fw net:$POPSERVERS tcp pop3
|
|
ACCEPT fw net udp domain
|
|
ACCEPT fw net tcp domain,www,https,ssh,1723,whois,1863,ftp,2702,2703,7
|
|
ACCEPT fw net udp 33435:33535
|
|
ACCEPT fw net icmp
|
|
###############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
# Firewall to DMZ
|
|
#
|
|
ACCEPT fw dmz tcp www,ftp,ssh,smtp
|
|
ACCEPT fw dmz udp domain
|
|
REJECT fw dmz udp 137:139
|
|
###############################################################################################################################################################################
|
|
# Ping
|
|
#
|
|
ACCEPT all all icmp 8
|
|
#LAST LINE -- ADD YOUR ENTRIES BEFORE THIS ONE -- DO NOT REMOVE</programlisting>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Init File</title>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para>This file deals with redirecting html requests to <ulink
|
|
url="Shorewall_Squid_Usage.html#DMZ">Squid on the DMZ server</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<programlisting>#
|
|
# Add a second routing table with my server as the default gateway
|
|
# Use this routing table with all packets marked with value 1
|
|
#
|
|
if [ -z "`ip route list table 202 2> /dev/null`" ] ; then
|
|
run_ip rule add fwmark 1 table www.out
|
|
run_ip route add default via 206.124.146.177 dev eth1 table www.out
|
|
run_ip route flush cache
|
|
fi</programlisting>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>/etc/iproute2/rt_tables</title>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para>This file deals with redirecting html requests to <ulink
|
|
url="Shorewall_Squid_Usage.html#DMZ">Squid on the DMZ server</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<programlisting>#
|
|
# reserved values
|
|
#
|
|
#255 local
|
|
#254 main
|
|
#253 default
|
|
#0 unspec
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# local -- I added the entry below
|
|
#
|
|
202 www.out</programlisting>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Tcrules File</title>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para>This file deals with redirecting html requests to <ulink
|
|
url="Shorewall_Squid_Usage.html#DMZ">Squid on the DMZ server</ulink>
|
|
-- in my setup, it is <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> used for
|
|
traffic shapping/control.</para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<programlisting>#MARK SOURCE DEST PROTO PORT(S) CLIENT PORT(S)
|
|
1:P eth2,eth3 !192.168.0.0/16 tcp 80</programlisting>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Tcstart File</title>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para>My tcstart file is just the HTB version of <ulink
|
|
url="http://lartc.org/wondershaper/">The WonderShaper</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>/sbin/ifup-local</title>
|
|
|
|
<blockquote>
|
|
<para>This file is Redhat specific and adds a route to my DMZ server
|
|
when eth1 is brought up. It allows me to enter <quote>Yes</quote> in
|
|
the HAVEROUTE column of <link linkend="ProxyARP">my Proxy ARP file</link>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#!/bin/sh
|
|
|
|
case $1 in
|
|
eth1)
|
|
ip route add 206.124.146.177 dev eth1
|
|
;;
|
|
esac</programlisting>
|
|
</blockquote>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</article> |