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shorewall_code/manpages/shorewall-providers.xml
Tom Eastep 2a7491ebf2 More work on optional interfaces
2009-06-16 14:03:15 -07:00

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
<refentry>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>shorewall-providers</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>providers</refname>
<refpurpose>Shorewall Providers file</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>/etc/shorewall/providers</command>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>This file is used to define additional routing tables. You will want
to define an additional table if:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>You have connections to more than one ISP or multiple
connections to the same ISP</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>You run Squid as a transparent proxy on a host other than the
firewall.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>You have other requirements for policy routing.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>Each entry in the file defines a single routing table.</para>
<para>If you wish to omit a column entry but want to include an entry in
the next column, use "-" for the omitted entry.</para>
<para>The columns in the file are as follows.</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">NAME</emphasis> -
<emphasis>name</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>The provider <emphasis>name</emphasis>. Must be a valid shell
variable name. The names 'local', 'main', 'default' and 'unspec' are
reserved and may not be used as provider names.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">NUMBER</emphasis> -
<emphasis>number</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>The provider number -- a number between 1 and 15. Each
provider must be assigned a unique value.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">MARK</emphasis> (Optional) -
<emphasis>value</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>A FWMARK <emphasis>value</emphasis> used in your <ulink
url="shorewall-tcrules.html">shorewall-tcrules(5)</ulink> file to
direct packets to this provider.</para>
<para>If HIGH_ROUTE_MARKS=Yes in <ulink
url="shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf(5)</ulink>, then the value
must be a multiple of 256 between 256 and 65280 or their hexadecimal
equivalents (0x0100 and 0xff00 with the low-order byte of the value
being zero). Otherwise, the value must be between 1 and 255. Each
provider must be assigned a unique mark value. This column may be
omitted if you don't use packet marking to direct connections to a
particular provider and you don't specify <option>track</option> in
the OPTIONS column.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">DUPLICATE</emphasis> -
<emphasis>routing-table-name</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>The name of an existing table to duplicate to create this
routing table. May be <option>main</option> or the name of a
previously listed provider. You may select only certain entries from
the table to copy by using the COPY column below. This column should
contain a dash ("-') when USE_DEFAULT_RT=Yes in <ulink
url="shorewall.conf.html">shorewall.conf(5)</ulink>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">INTERFACE</emphasis> -
<emphasis>interface</emphasis>[:<emphasis>address</emphasis>]</term>
<listitem>
<para>The name of the network interface to the provider. Must be
listed in <ulink
url="shorewall-interfaces.html">shorewall-interfaces(5)</ulink>. In
general, that interface should not have the
<option>proxyarp</option> option specified unless
<option>loose</option> is given in the OPTIONS column of this
entry.</para>
<para>Where more than one provider is serviced through a single
interface, the <emphasis>interface</emphasis> must be followed by a
colon and the IP <emphasis>address</emphasis> of the interface that
is supplied by the associated provider.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">GATEWAY</emphasis> - {<emphasis
role="bold">-</emphasis>|<emphasis>address</emphasis>|<emphasis
role="bold">detect</emphasis>}</term>
<listitem>
<para>The IP address of the provider's gateway router.</para>
<para>You can enter "detect" here and Shorewall will attempt to
detect the gateway automatically.</para>
<para>For PPP devices, you may omit this column.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">OPTIONS</emphasis> (Optional) - [<emphasis
role="bold">-</emphasis>|<emphasis>option</emphasis>[<emphasis
role="bold">,</emphasis><emphasis>option</emphasis>]...]</term>
<listitem>
<para>A comma-separated list selected from the following. The order
of the options is not significant but the list may contain no
embedded whitespace.</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">track</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>If specified, inbound connections on this interface are
to be tracked so that responses may be routed back out this
same interface.</para>
<para>You want to specify <option>track</option> if internet
hosts will be connecting to local servers through this
provider.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis
role="bold">balance[=<replaceable>weight</replaceable>]</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>The providers that have <option>balance</option>
specified will get outbound traffic load-balanced among them.
By default, all interfaces with <option>balance</option>
specified will have the same weight (1). You can change the
weight of an interface by specifiying
<option>balance=</option><replaceable>weight</replaceable>
where <replaceable>weight</replaceable> is the weight of the
route out of this interface.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">loose</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>Shorewall normally adds a routing rule for each IP
address on an interface which forces traffic whose source is
that IP address to be sent using the routing table for that
interface. Setting <option>loose</option> prevents creation of
such rules on this interface.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">optional
(deprecated)</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>If the interface named in the INTERFACE column is not up
and configured with an IPv4 address then ignore this provider.
If not specified, the value of the <option>optional</option>
option for the INTERFACE in <ulink
url="shorewall-interfaces.html">shorewall-interfaces(5)</ulink>
is assumed. Use of that option is preferred to this
one.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis
role="bold">src=</emphasis><replaceable>source-address</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Added in Shorewall-perl 4.1.5. Specifies the source
address to use when routing to this provider and none is known
(the local client has bound to the 0 address). May not be
specified when an <replaceable>address</replaceable> is given
in the INTERFACE column. If this option is not used, Shorewall
substitutes the primary IP address on the interface named in
the INTERFACE column.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis
role="bold">mtu=</emphasis><replaceable>number</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>Added in Shorewall-perl 4.1.5. Specifies the MTU when
forwarding through this provider. If not given, the MTU of the
interface named in the INTERFACE column is assumed.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis
role="bold">fallback[=<replaceable>weight</replaceable>]</emphasis></term>
<listitem>
<para>Added in Shorewall-perl 4.2.5. Indicates that a default
route through the provider should be added to the default
routing table (table 253). If a
<replaceable>weight</replaceable> is given, a balanced route
is added with the weight of this provider equal to the
specified <replaceable>weight</replaceable>. If the option is
given without a <replaceable>weight</replaceable>, an separate
default route is added through the provider's gateway; the
route has a metric equal to the provider's NUMBER. The option
is ignored with a warning message if USE_DEFAULT_RT=Yes in
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><emphasis role="bold">COPY</emphasis> -
[{<option>none</option>|<emphasis>interface</emphasis><emphasis
role="bold">[,</emphasis><emphasis>interface</emphasis>]...}]</term>
<listitem>
<para>A comma-separated list of other interfaces on your firewall.
Wildcards specified using an asterisk ("*") are permitted (e.g.,
tun* ). Usually used only when DUPLICATE is <option>main</option>.
Only copy routes through INTERFACE and through interfaces listed
here. If you only wish to copy routes through INTERFACE, enter
<option>none</option> in this column.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Examples</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>Example 1:</term>
<listitem>
<para>You run squid in your DMZ on IP address 192.168.2.99. Your DMZ
interface is eth2</para>
<programlisting> #NAME NUMBER MARK DUPLICATE INTERFACE GATEWAY OPTIONS
Squid 1 1 - eth2 192.168.2.99 -</programlisting>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>Example 2:</term>
<listitem>
<para>eth0 connects to ISP 1. The IP address of eth0 is
206.124.146.176 and the ISP's gateway router has IP address
206.124.146.254.</para>
<para>eth1 connects to ISP 2. The IP address of eth1 is
130.252.99.27 and the ISP's gateway router has IP address
130.252.99.254.</para>
<para>eth2 connects to a local network.</para>
<programlisting> #NAME NUMBER MARK DUPLICATE INTERFACE GATEWAY OPTIONS COPY
ISP1 1 1 main eth0 206.124.146.254 track,balance eth2
ISP2 2 2 main eth1 130.252.99.254 track,balance eth2</programlisting>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>FILES</title>
<para>/etc/shorewall/providers</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>See ALSO</title>
<para><ulink
url="http://shorewall.net/MultiISP.html">http://shorewall.net/MultiISP.html</ulink></para>
<para>shorewall(8), shorewall-accounting(5), shorewall-actions(5),
shorewall-blacklist(5), shorewall-hosts(5), shorewall-interfaces(5),
shorewall-ipsec(5), shorewall-maclist(5), shorewall-masq(5),
shorewall-nat(5), shorewall-netmap(5), shorewall-params(5),
shorewall-policy(5), shorewall-proxyarp(5), shorewall-route_rules(5),
shorewall-routestopped(5), shorewall-rules(5), shorewall.conf(5),
shorewall-tcclasses(5), shorewall-tcdevices(5), shorewall-tcrules(5),
shorewall-tos(5), shorewall-tunnels(5), shorewall-zones(5)</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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