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713 lines
28 KiB
XML
713 lines
28 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<!-- $Id$ -->
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<article id="upgrade_issues">
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<articleinfo>
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<title>Upgrade Issues</title>
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<author>
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<firstname>Tom</firstname>
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<surname>Eastep</surname>
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</author>
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<pubdate><?dbtimestamp format="Y/m/d"?></pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2002</year>
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<year>2003</year>
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<year>2004</year>
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<holder>Thomas M. Eastep</holder>
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</copyright>
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<legalnotice>
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<para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
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1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with
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no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover, and with no Back-Cover
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Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
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<quote><ulink type="" url="copyright.htm">GNU Free Documentation
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License</ulink></quote>.</para>
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</legalnotice>
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</articleinfo>
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<section>
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<title>Important</title>
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<para>It is important that you read all of the sections on this page where
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the version number mentioned in the section title is later than what you
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are currently running.</para>
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<para>In the descriptions that follows, the term
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<emphasis>group</emphasis> refers to a particular network or subnetwork
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(which may be <literal>0.0.0.0/0</literal> or it may be a host address)
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accessed through a particular interface.</para>
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<para>Examples:</para>
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<simplelist columns="1" type="vert">
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<member><literal>eth0:0.0.0.0/0</literal></member>
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<member><literal>eth2:192.168.1.0/24</literal></member>
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<member><literal>eth3:192.0.2.123</literal></member>
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</simplelist>
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<para>You can use the <command moreinfo="none">shorewall check</command>
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command to see the groups associated with each of your zones.</para>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 2.2.0 Beta 1</title>
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<para></para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Shorewall configuration files except shorewall.conf are now
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empty (they contain only comments). If you wish to retain the defaults
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in any of the following files, you should copy these files before
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upgrading them then restore them after the upgrade:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>/etc/shorewall/zones</member>
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<member>/etc/shorewall/policy</member>
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<member>/etc/shorewall/tos</member>
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</simplelist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The following builtin actions have been removed and have been
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replaced by the new action logging implementation described in the new
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features below.</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>logNotSyn</member>
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<member>rLogNotSyn</member>
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<member>dLogNotSyn</member>
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</simplelist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If shorewall.conf is upgraded to the latest version, it needs to
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be modified to set STARTUP_ENABLED=Yes.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The Leaf/Bering version of Shorewall was previously
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named:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>shorwall-<version>.lrp</member>
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</simplelist>
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<para>Beginning with 2.1, that file will now be named:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>shorewall-lrp-<version>.tgz</member>
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</simplelist>
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<para>Simply rename that file to 'shorwall.lrp' when installing it on
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your LEAF/Bering system.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The ORIGINAL DEST column of the /etc/shorewall/rules file may no
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longer contain a second (SNAT) address. You must use an entry in
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/etc/shorewall/masq instead.</para>
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<para>Example from Shorewall FAQ #1:</para>
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<blockquote>
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<para>Prior to Shorewall 2.1:</para>
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<para>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</para>
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<programlisting>#ZONE INTERFACE BROADCAST OPTIONS
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loc eth1 detect routeback</programlisting>
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<para>/etc/shorewall/rules</para>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DEST PROTO DEST PORT SOURCE ORIGINAL
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# PORT DEST
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DNAT loc loc:192.168.1.12 tcp 80 - 130.252.100.69:192.168.1.254 </programlisting>
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<para>Shorewall 2.1 and Later:</para>
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<para>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</para>
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<programlisting>#ZONE INTERFACE BROADCAST OPTIONS
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loc eth1 detect routeback</programlisting>
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<para>/etc/shorewall/masq:</para>
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<programlisting>#INTERFACE SUBNETS ADDRESS PROTO PORT(S)
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eth1 eth1 192.168.1.254 tcp 80</programlisting>
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<para>/etc/shorewall/rules:</para>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DEST PROTO DEST PORT SOURCE ORIGINAL
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# PORT DEST
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DNAT loc loc:192.168.1.12 tcp 80 - 130.252.100.69</programlisting>
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</blockquote>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The 'logunclean' and 'dropunclean' options that were deprecated
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in Shorewall 2.0 have now been removed completely.</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 2.0.2 RC1</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>If you are upgrading from Shorewall 1.4.x and you have commands
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in your <filename>/etc/shorewall/common</filename> file that are not
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directly related to the <emphasis role="bold">common</emphasis> chain
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then you will want to move those commands to
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/initdone</filename>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 2.0.2 Beta 1</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Extension Scripts - In order for extension scripts to work
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properly with the new iptables-save/restore integration introduced in
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Shorewall 2.0.2 Beta 1, some change may be required to your extension
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scripts.</para>
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<para>If your extension scripts are executing commands other than
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<command>iptables</command> then those commands must also be written
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to the restore file (a temporary file in <filename
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class="directory">/var/lib/shorewall</filename> that is renamed
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<filename>/var/lib/shorewall/restore-base</filename> at the
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completeion of the <filename>/sbin/shorewall</filename> command). The
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following functions should be of help:</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>save_command() -- saves the passed command to the restore
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file.</para>
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<para>Example: <programlisting>save_command echo Operation Complete</programlisting></para>
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<para>That command would simply write "echo Operation Complete" to
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the restore file.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>run_and_save_command() -- saves the passed command to the
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restore file then executes it. The return value is the exit status
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of the command. Example: <programlisting>run_and_save_command "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all"</programlisting></para>
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<para>Note that as in this example, when the command involves file
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redirection then the entire command must be enclosed in quotes.
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This applies to all of the functions described here.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>ensure_and_save_command() -- runs the passed command. If the
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command fails, the firewall is restored to it's prior saved state
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and the operation is terminated. If the command succeeds, the
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command is written to the restore file</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Dynamic Zone support. - If you don't need to use the
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<command>shorewall add</command> and <command>shorewall
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delete</command> commands, you should set DYNAMIC_ZONES=No in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</filename>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 2.0.1</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The function of 'norfc1918' is now split between that option and
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a new 'nobogons' option. The rfc1918 file released with Shorewall now
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contains entries for only those three address ranges reserved by RFC
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1918. A 'nobogons' interface option has been added which handles bogon
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source addresses (those which are reserved by the IANA, those reserved
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for DHCP auto-configuration and the class C test-net reserved for
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testing and documentation examples). This will allow users to perform
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RFC 1918 filtering without having to deal with out of date data from
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IANA. Those who are willing to update their
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<filename>/usr/share/shorewall/bogons</filename> file regularly can
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specify the 'nobogons' option in addition to 'norfc1918'. The level at
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which bogon packets are logged is specified in the new BOGON_LOG_LEVEL
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variable in shorewall.conf. If that option is not specified or is
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specified as empty (e.g, BOGON_LOG_LEVEL="") then bogon packets whose
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TARGET is 'logdrop' in
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<filename>/usr/share/shorewall/bogons</filename> are logged at the
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'info' level.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>VERSION >= 2.0.0-Beta1</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The 'dropunclean' and 'logunclean' interface options are no
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longer supported. If either option is specified in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename>, a threatening message
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will be generated.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The NAT_BEFORE_RULES option has been removed from
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<filename>shorewall.conf</filename>. The behavior of Shorewall 2.0 is
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as if NAT_BEFORE_RULES=No had been specified. In other words, DNAT
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rules now always take precidence over one-to-one NAT
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specifications.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The default value for the ALL INTERFACES column in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/nat</filename> has changed. In Shorewall 1.*,
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if the column was left empty, a value of "Yes" was assumed. This has
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been changed so that a value of "No" is now assumed.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The following files don't exist in Shorewall 2.0:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member><filename>/etc/shorewall/common.def</filename></member>
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<member><filename>/etc/shorewall/common</filename></member>
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<member><filename>/etc/shorewall/icmpdef</filename></member>
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<member><filename>/etc/shorewall/action.template</filename> (moved
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to
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<filename>/usr/share/shorewall/action.template</filename>)</member>
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</simplelist>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/shorewall/action</filename> file now allows
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an action to be designated as the "common" action for a particular
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policy type by following the action name with ":" and the policy
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(DROP, REJECT or ACCEPT).</para>
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<para>The file /usr/share/shorewall/actions.std has been added to
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define those actions that are released as part of Shorewall 2.0 In
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that file are two actions as follows:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>Drop:DROP</member>
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<member>Reject:REJECT</member>
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</simplelist>
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<para>The <quote>Drop</quote> action is the common action for DROP
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policies while the <quote>Reject</quote> action is the default action
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for REJECT policies. These actions will be performed on packets prior
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to applying the DROP or REJECT policy respectively. In the first
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release, the difference between "Reject" and "Drop" is that "Reject"
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REJECTs SMB traffic while "Drop" silently drops such traffic.</para>
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<para>As described above, Shorewall allows a common action for ACCEPT
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policies but does not specify such an action in the default
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configuration.</para>
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<para>For more information see the <ulink
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url="User_defined_Actions.html">User-defined Action
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Page</ulink>.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The <filename>/etc/shorewall</filename> directory no longer
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contains <filename>users</filename> file or a
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<filename>usersets</filename> file. Similar functionality is now
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available using user-defined actions.</para>
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<para>Now, action files created by copying
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<filename>/usr/share/shorewall/action.template</filename> may now
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specify a USER and or GROUP name/id in the final column just like in
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the rules file (see below). It is thus possible to create actions that
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control traffic from a list of users and/or groups.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The last column in <filename>/etc/shorewall/rules</filename> is
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now labeled USER/GROUP and may contain:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>[!]<<emphasis>user number</emphasis>>[:]</member>
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<member>[!]<<emphasis>user name</emphasis>>[:]</member>
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<member>[!]:<<emphasis>group number</emphasis>></member>
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<member>[!]:<<emphasis>group name</emphasis>></member>
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<member>[!]<<emphasis>user
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number</emphasis>>:<<emphasis>group
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number</emphasis>></member>
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<member>[!]<<emphasis>user
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name</emphasis>>:<<emphasis>group
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number</emphasis>></member>
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<member>[!]<<emphasis>user
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inumber</emphasis>>:<<emphasis>group
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name</emphasis>></member>
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<member>[!]<<emphasis>user
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name</emphasis>>:<<emphasis>group name</emphasis>></member>
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</simplelist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If your kernel has IPV6 support (recent
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<trademark>SuSe</trademark> for example), and you don't use IPV6 then
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you will probably want to set DISABLE_IPV6=Yes in <ulink
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url="Documentation.htm#Conf">/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</ulink>.
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You must have ipv6tables installed.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 1.4.9</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The default value of NEWNOTSYN set in <ulink
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url="Documentation.htm#Conf">/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</ulink> has
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been changed from 'No' to 'Yes'. I find that NEWNOTSYN=No tends to
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result in lots of "stuck" connections because any network timeout
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during TCP session tear down results in retries being dropped
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(Netfilter has removed the connection from the conntrack table but the
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end-points haven't completed shutting down the connection). I
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therefore have chosen NEWNOTSYN=Yes as the default value and I advise
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caution in using NEWNOTSYN=Yes.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 1.4.8</title>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem>
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<para>The meaning of <varname>ROUTE_FILTER=Yes</varname> has changed.
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Previously this setting was documented as causing route filtering to
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occur on all network interfaces; this didn't work. Beginning with this
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release, <varname>ROUTE_FILTER=Yes</varname> causes route filtering to
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occur on all interfaces brought up while Shorewall is running. This
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means that it may be appropriate to set
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<varname>ROUTE_FILTER=Yes</varname> and use the routefilter option in
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<filename
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class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>interfaces</filename>
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entries.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 1.4.6</title>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem>
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<para>The <varname>NAT_ENABLED</varname>,
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<varname>MANGLE_ENABLED</varname> and <varname>MULTIPORT</varname>
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options have been removed from <filename>shorewall.conf</filename>.
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These capabilities are now automatically detected by Shorewall.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>An undocumented feature previously allowed entries in the host
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file as follows: <synopsis>
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zone eth1:192.168.1.0/24,eth2:192.168.2.0/24
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</synopsis> This capability was never documented and has been removed in
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1.4.6 to allow entries of the following format: <synopsis>
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zone eth1:192.168.1.0/24,192.168.2.0/24
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</synopsis></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 1.4.4</title>
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<para>If you are upgrading from 1.4.3 and have set the
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<varname>LOGMARKER</varname> variable in <filename
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class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>shorewall.conf</filename>,
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then you must set the new <varname>LOGFORMAT</varname> variable
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appropriately and remove your setting of
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<varname>LOGMARKER</varname>.</para>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version 1.4.4</title>
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<para>If you have zone names that are 5 characters long, you may
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experience problems starting Shorewall because the
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<option>--log-prefix</option> in a logging rule is too long. Upgrade to
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Version 1.4.4a to fix this problem.</para>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 1.4.2</title>
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<para>There are some cases where you may want to handle traffic from a
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particular group to itself. While I personally think that such a setups
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are ridiculous, there are two cases covered in this documentation where it
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can occur: <itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para><ulink url="FAQ.htm#faq2">In FAQ #2</ulink></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para><ulink url="Shorewall_Squid_Usage.html">When running
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<application>Squid</application> as a transparent proxy in your
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local zone.</ulink></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist> If you have either of these cases, you will want to
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review the current documentation and change your configuration
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accordingly.</para>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version >= 1.4.1</title>
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<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem>
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<para>Beginning with Version 1.4.1, traffic between groups in the same
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zone is accepted by default. Previously, traffic from a zone to itself
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was treated just like any other traffic; any matching rules were
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applied followed by enforcement of the appropriate policy. With 1.4.1
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and later versions, unless you have explicit rules for traffic from Z
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to Z or you have an explicit Z to Z policy (where "Z" is some zone)
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then traffic between the groups in zone Z will be accepted. If you do
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have one or more explicit rules for Z to Z or if you have an explicit
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Z to Z policy then the behavior is as it was in prior versions.</para>
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<orderedlist numeration="arabic">
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<listitem>
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<para>If you have a Z Z ACCEPT policy for a zone to allow traffic
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between two interfaces to the same zone, that policy can be
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removed and traffic between the interfaces will traverse fewer
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rules than previously.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If you have a Z Z DROP or Z Z REJECT policy or you have
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Z->Z rules then your configuration should not require any
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change.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If you are currently relying on a implicit policy (one that
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has "all" in either the SOURCE or DESTINATION column) to prevent
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traffic between two interfaces to a zone Z and you have no rules
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for Z->Z then you should add an explicit DROP or REJECT policy
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for Z to Z.</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Sometimes, you want two separate zones on one interface but you
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don't want Shorewall to set up any infrastructure to handle traffic
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between them. <example>
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<title>The <filename>zones</filename>,
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<filename>interfaces</filename> and, <filename>hosts</filename>
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file contents</title>
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<programlisting>
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<filename class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>zones</filename>
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z1 Zone1 The first Zone
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z2 Zone2 The second Zone
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<filename class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>interfaces</filename>
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z2 eth1 192.168.1.255
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<filename class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>hosts</filename>
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z1 eth1:192.168.1.3
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</programlisting>
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</example> Here, zone z1 is nested in zone z2 and the firewall is
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not going to be involved in any traffic between these two zones.
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Beginning with Shorewall 1.4.1, you can prevent Shorewall from setting
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up any infrastructure to handle traffic between z1 and z2 by using the
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new NONE policy: <example>
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<title>The contents of <filename>policy</filename></title>
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<programlisting>
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<filename class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>policy</filename>
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z1 z2 NONE
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z2 z1 NONE
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</programlisting>
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</example> Note that NONE policies are generally used in pairs
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unless there is asymetric routing where only the traffic on one
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direction flows through the firewall and you are using a NONE polciy
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in the other direction.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Version 1.4.1</title>
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|
<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
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<listitem>
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<para>In Version 1.4.1, Shorewall will never create rules to deal with
|
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traffic from a given group back to itself. The
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<varname>multi</varname> interface option is no longer available so if
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you want to route traffic between two subnetworks on the same
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interface then I recommend that you upgrade to Version 1.4.2 and use
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the <varname>routeback</varname> interface or host option.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section>
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|
<title>Version >= 1.4.0</title>
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|
<important>
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<para>Shorewall >=1.4.0 requires the <command>iproute</command>
|
|
package ('<literal>ip</literal>' utility).</para>
|
|
</important>
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|
<note>
|
|
<para>Unfortunately, some distributions call this package
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|
<command>iproute2</command> which will cause the upgrade of Shorewall to
|
|
fail with the diagnostic: <synopsis>
|
|
error: failed dependencies:iproute is needed by shorewall-1.4.0-1
|
|
</synopsis> This may be worked around by using the
|
|
<option>--nodeps</option> option of <command>rpm</command> (<command>rpm
|
|
-Uvh --nodeps
|
|
<filename>your_shorewall_rpm.rpm</filename></command>).</para>
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|
</note>
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|
|
<para>If you are upgrading from a version < 1.4.0, then: <itemizedlist
|
|
mark="bullet">
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|
<listitem>
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|
<para>The <varname>noping</varname> and
|
|
<varname>forwardping</varname> interface options are no longer
|
|
supported nor is the <varname>FORWARDPING</varname> option in
|
|
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename>. ICMP echo-request (ping)
|
|
packets are treated just like any other connection request and are
|
|
subject to rules and policies.</para>
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|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Interface names of the form
|
|
<varname><device>:<integer></varname> in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>interfaces</filename>
|
|
now generate a Shorewall error at startup (they always have produced
|
|
warnings in <application
|
|
class="software">iptables</application>).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The <varname>MERGE_HOSTS</varname> variable has been removed
|
|
from <filename>shorewall.conf</filename>. Shorewall 1.4 behaves like
|
|
1.3 did when <varname>MERGE_HOSTS=Yes</varname>; that is zone
|
|
contents are determined by <emphasis>BOTH</emphasis> the interfaces
|
|
and hosts files when there are entries for the zone in both
|
|
files.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The <varname>routestopped</varname> option in the interfaces
|
|
and hosts file has been eliminated; use entries in the
|
|
<filename>routestopped</filename> file instead.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The Shorewall 1.2 syntax for <varname>DNAT</varname> and
|
|
<varname>REDIRECT</varname> rules is no longer accepted; you must
|
|
convert to using the new syntax.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The <varname>ALLOWRELATED</varname> variable in
|
|
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename> is no longer supported.
|
|
Shorewall 1.4 behavior is the same as 1.3 with
|
|
<varname>ALLOWRELATED=Yes</varname>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Late-arriving DNS replies are now dropped by default; there is
|
|
no need for your own <filename
|
|
class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>common</filename>
|
|
file simply to avoid logging these packets.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The <filename>firewall</filename>,
|
|
<filename>functions</filename> and <filename>version</filename>
|
|
files have been moved to <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/share/shorewall</filename>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The <filename>icmp.def</filename> file has been removed. If
|
|
you include it from <filename
|
|
class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>icmpdef</filename>,
|
|
you will need to modify that file.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you followed the advice in FAQ #2 and call
|
|
<varname>find_interface_address</varname> in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>params</filename>,
|
|
that code should be moved to <filename
|
|
class="directory">/etc/shorewall/</filename><filename>init</filename>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist></para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Version 1.4.0</title>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist mark="bullet">
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The <varname>multi</varname> interface option is no longer
|
|
supported. Shorewall will generate rules for sending packets back out
|
|
the same interface that they arrived on in two cases: <itemizedlist
|
|
mark="hollow">
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>There is an <emphasis>explicit</emphasis> policy for the
|
|
source zone to or from the destination zone. An explicit policy
|
|
names both zones and does not use the <varname>all</varname>
|
|
reserved word.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>There are one or more rules for traffic for the source
|
|
zone to or from the destination zone including rules that use
|
|
the <varname>all</varname> reserved word. Exception: if the
|
|
source zone and destination zone are the same then the rule must
|
|
be explicit - it must name the zone in both the
|
|
<varname>SOURCE</varname> and <varname>DESTINATION</varname>
|
|
columns.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</article> |