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681 lines
20 KiB
XML
681 lines
20 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<article id="Shorewall_Squid_Usage">
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<articleinfo>
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<title>Using Shorewall with Squid</title>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Tom</firstname>
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<surname>Eastep</surname>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<pubdate>2003-10-17</pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2003</year>
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<holder>Thomas M. Eastep</holder>
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</copyright>
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<legalnotice>
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<para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
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1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with
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no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover, and with no Back-Cover
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Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "<ulink
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url="GnuCopyright.htm">GNU Free Documentation License</ulink>".</para>
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</legalnotice>
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</articleinfo>
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<para> <ulink url="http://www.squid-cache.org/"><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata
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align="left" fileref="images/squidnow.gif" /></imageobject></inlinemediaobject></ulink>
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<ulink url="http://www.squid-cache.org/"><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata
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align="right" fileref="images/cache_now.gif" /></imageobject></inlinemediaobject></ulink></para>
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<para>This page covers Shorewall configuration to use with Squid running as
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a Transparent Proxy or as a Manual Proxy.</para>
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<para>If you are running Shorewall 1.3, please see this documentation.</para>
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<section>
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<title>Squid as a Transparent Proxy</title>
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<caution>
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<para>Please observe the following general requirements:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>In all cases, Squid should be configured to run as a
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transparent proxy as described at
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http://tldp.org/HOWTO/mini/TransparentProxy.html.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The following instructions mention the files
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/etc/shorewall/start and /etc/shorewall/init -- if you don't
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have those files, siimply create them.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>When the Squid server is in the DMZ zone or in the local zone,
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that zone must be defined ONLY by its interface -- no
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/etc/shorewall/hosts file entries. That is because the packets being
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routed to the Squid server still have their original destination IP
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addresses.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>You must have iptables installed on your Squid server.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If you run a Shorewall version earlier than 1.4.6, you must
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have NAT and MANGLE enabled in your /etc/shorewall/conf file</para>
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<programlisting>NAT_ENABLED=Yes
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MANGLE_ENABLED=Yes</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</caution>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Configurations</title>
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<para>Three different configurations are covered:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member><xref linkend="Firewall" /></member>
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<member><xref linkend="Local" /></member>
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<member><xref linkend="DMZ" /></member>
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</simplelist>
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<section id="Firewall">
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<title>Squid (transparent) Running on the Firewall</title>
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<para>You want to redirect all local www connection requests EXCEPT
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those to your own http server (206.124.146.177) to a Squid transparent
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proxy running on the firewall and listening on port 3128. Squid will of
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course require access to remote web servers.</para>
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<para>In /etc/shorewall/rules:</para>
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<table>
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<title>/etc/shorewall/rules</title>
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<tgroup cols="7">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry align="center">ACTION</entry>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE</entry>
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<entry align="center">DEST</entry>
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<entry align="center">PROTO</entry>
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<entry align="center">DEST PORT(S)</entry>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE PORT(S)</entry>
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<entry align="center">ORIGINAL DEST</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>REDIRECT</entry>
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<entry>loc</entry>
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<entry>3128</entry>
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<entry>tcp</entry>
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<entry>www</entry>
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<entry>-</entry>
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<entry>!206.124.146.177</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ACCEPT</entry>
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<entry>fw</entry>
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<entry>net</entry>
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<entry>tcp</entry>
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<entry>www</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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<para>There may be a requirement to exclude additional destination hosts
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or networks from being redirected. For example, you might also want
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requests destined for 130.252.100.0/24 to not be routed to Squid.</para>
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<para>If you are running Shorewall version 1.4.5 or later, you may just
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add the additional hosts/networks to the ORIGINAL DEST column in your
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REDIRECT rule:</para>
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<table>
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<title>/etc/shorewall/rules</title>
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<tgroup cols="7">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry align="center">ACTION</entry>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE</entry>
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<entry align="center">DEST</entry>
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<entry align="center">PROTO</entry>
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<entry align="center">DEST PORT(S)</entry>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE PORT(S)</entry>
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<entry align="center">ORIGINAL DEST</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>REDIRECT</entry>
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<entry>loc</entry>
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<entry>3128</entry>
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<entry>tcp</entry>
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<entry>www</entry>
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<entry>-</entry>
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<entry>!206.124.146.177,130.252.100.0/24</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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<para>If you are running a Shorewall version earlier than 1.4.5, you
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must add a manual rule in /etc/shorewall/start:</para>
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<programlisting>run_iptables -t nat -I loc_dnat -p tcp --dport www -d 130.252.100.0/24 -j RETURN</programlisting>
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<para>To exclude additional hosts or networks, just add additional
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similar rules.</para>
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</section>
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<section id="Local">
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<title>Squid (transparent) Running in the local network</title>
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<para>You want to redirect all local www connection requests to a Squid
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transparent proxy running in your local zone at 192.168.1.3 and
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listening on port 3128. Your local interface is eth1. There may also be
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a web server running on 192.168.1.3. It is assumed that web access is
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already enabled from the local zone to the internet..</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>* On your firewall system, issue the following command</para>
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<programlisting>echo 202 www.out >> /etc/iproute2/rt_tables</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>In /etc/shorewall/init, put:</para>
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<programlisting>if [ -z "`ip rule list | grep www.out`" ] ; then
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ip rule add fwmark 202 table www.out
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ip route add default via 192.168.1.3 dev eth1 table www.out
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ip route flush cache
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echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth1/send_redirects
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fi</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<important>
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<para>If you are running Shorewall 1.4.1 or Shorewall 1.4.1a,
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please upgrade to Shorewall 1.4.2 or later.</para>
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</important>
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<para>If you are running Shorewall 1.4.2 or later, then in
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/etc/shorewall/interfaces:</para>
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<table>
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<title>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</title>
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<tgroup cols="4">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry align="center">ZONE</entry>
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<entry align="center">INTERFACE</entry>
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<entry align="center">BROADCAST</entry>
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<entry align="center">OPTIONS</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>loc</entry>
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<entry>eth1</entry>
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<entry>detect</entry>
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<entry><emphasis role="bold">routeback</emphasis></entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>In /etc/shorewall/rules:</para>
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<table>
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<title>/etc/shorewall/rules</title>
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<tgroup cols="7">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry align="center">ACTION</entry>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE</entry>
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<entry align="center">DEST</entry>
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<entry align="center">PROTO</entry>
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<entry align="center">DEST PORT(S)</entry>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE PORT(S)</entry>
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<entry align="center">ORIGINAL DEST</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>ACCEPT</entry>
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<entry>loc</entry>
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<entry>loc</entry>
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<entry>tcp</entry>
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<entry>www</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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<orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">
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<listitem>
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<para>Alternativfely, if you are running Shorewall 1.4.0 you can
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have the following policy in place of the above rule:</para>
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<table>
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<title>/etc/shorewall/policy</title>
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<tgroup cols="5">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE</entry>
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<entry align="center">DESTINATION</entry>
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<entry align="center">POLICY</entry>
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<entry align="center">LOG LEVEL</entry>
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<entry align="center">BURST PARAMETERS</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>loc</entry>
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<entry>loc</entry>
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<entry>ACCEPT</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>In /etc/shorewall/start add:</para>
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<programlisting>iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -s ! 192.168.1.3 -p tcp --dport 80 -j MARK --set-mark 202</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>On 192.168.1.3, arrange for the following command to be
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executed after networking has come up</para>
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<programlisting>iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -d ! 192.168.1.3 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128</programlisting>
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<para> If you are running RedHat on the server, you can simply
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execute the following commands after you have typed the iptables
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command above:</para>
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<programlisting>iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables
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chkconfig --level 35 iptables on</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</section>
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<section id="DMZ">
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<title>Squid (transparent) Running in the DMZ (This is what I do)</title>
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<para>You have a single Linux system in your DMZ with IP address
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192.0.2.177. You want to run both a web server and Squid on that system.
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Your DMZ interface is eth1 and your local interface is eth2.</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>On your firewall system, issue the following command</para>
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<programlisting>echo 202 www.out >> /etc/iproute2/rt_tables</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>In /etc/shorewall/init, put:</para>
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<programlisting>if [ -z "`ip rule list | grep www.out`" ] ; then
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ip rule add fwmark 202 table www.out
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ip route add default via 192.0.2.177 dev eth1 table www.out
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ip route flush cache
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fi</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Do <emphasis role="bold">one</emphasis> of the following:</para>
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<orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">
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<listitem>
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<para>In /etc/shorewall/start add</para>
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<programlisting>iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i eth2 -p tcp --dport 80 -j MARK --set-mark 202</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Set MARK_IN_FORWARD_CHAIN=No in
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/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf and add the following entry in
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/etc/shorewall/tcrules:</para>
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<table>
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<title>/etc/shorewall/tcrules</title>
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<tgroup cols="6">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry align="center">MARK</entry>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE</entry>
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<entry align="center">DESTINATION</entry>
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<entry align="center">PROTOCOL</entry>
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<entry align="center">PORT</entry>
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<entry align="center">CLIENT PORT</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>202</entry>
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<entry>eth2</entry>
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<entry>0.0.0.0/0</entry>
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<entry>tcp</entry>
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<entry>80</entry>
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<entry>-</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Run Shorewall 1.3.14 or later and add the following entry
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in /etc/shorewall/tcrules:</para>
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<table>
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<title>/etc/shorewall/tcrules</title>
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<tgroup cols="6">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry align="center">MARK</entry>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE</entry>
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<entry align="center">DESTINATION</entry>
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<entry align="center">PROTOCOL</entry>
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<entry align="center">PORT</entry>
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<entry align="center">CLIENT PORT</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>202:P</entry>
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<entry>eth2</entry>
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<entry>0.0.0.0/0</entry>
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<entry>tcp</entry>
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<entry>80</entry>
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<entry>-</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>In /etc/shorewall/rules, you will need:</para>
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<table>
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<title>/etc/shorewall/rules</title>
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<tgroup cols="7">
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<thead>
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<row>
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<entry align="center">ACTION</entry>
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<entry align="center">SOURCE</entry>
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<entry align="center">DEST</entry>
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<entry align="center">PROTO</entry>
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<entry align="center">DEST PORT(S)</entry>
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<entry align="center">CLIENT PORT(2)</entry>
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<entry align="center">ORIGINAL DEST</entry>
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</row>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<row>
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<entry>ACCEPT</entry>
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<entry>loc</entry>
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<entry>dmz</entry>
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<entry>tcp</entry>
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<entry>80</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>ACCEPT</entry>
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<entry>dmz</entry>
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<entry>net</entry>
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<entry>tcp</entry>
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<entry>80</entry>
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<entry></entry>
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<entry></entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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</listitem>
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|
|
|
<listitem>
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|
<para>On 192.0.2.177 (your Web/Squid server), arrange for the
|
|
following command to be executed after networking has come up</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -d ! 192.0.2.177 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-ports 3128</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you are running RedHat on the server, you can simply
|
|
execute the following commands after you have typed the iptables
|
|
command above:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables
|
|
chkconfig --level 35 iptables on</programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Squid as a Manual Proxy</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Assume that Squid is running in zone SZ and listening on port SP;
|
|
all web sites that are to be accessed through Squid are in the
|
|
'net' zone. Then for each zone Z that needs access to the Squid
|
|
server:</para>
|
|
|
|
<table>
|
|
<title>/etc/shorewall/rules</title>
|
|
|
|
<tgroup cols="7">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry align="center">ACTION</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry align="center">SOURCE</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry align="center">DEST</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry align="center">PROTO</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry align="center">DEST PORT(S)</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry align="center">CLIENT PORT(2)</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry align="center">ORIGINAL DEST</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ACCEPT</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>Z</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>SZ</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>tcp</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>SP</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ACCEPT</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>SZ</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>net</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>tcp</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>80</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<example>
|
|
<title>Squid on the firewall listening on port 8080 with access from the
|
|
'loc' zone:</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><table><title>/etc/shorewall/rules</title><tgroup cols="7"><thead><row><entry
|
|
align="center">ACTION</entry><entry align="center">SOURCE</entry><entry
|
|
align="center">DEST</entry><entry align="center">PROTO</entry><entry
|
|
align="center">DEST PORT(S)</entry><entry align="center">CLIENT PORT(2)</entry><entry
|
|
align="center">ORIGINAL DEST</entry></row></thead><tbody><row><entry>ACCEPT</entry><entry>loc</entry><entry>$FW</entry><entry>tcp</entry><entry>8080</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry></row><row><entry>ACCEPT</entry><entry>$FW</entry><entry>net</entry><entry>tcp</entry><entry>80</entry><entry></entry><entry></entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></para>
|
|
</example>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</article> |