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564 lines
22 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
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<article>
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<articleinfo>
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<title>Ports Required for Various Services/Applications</title>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Tom</firstname>
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<surname>Eastep</surname>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<othercredit>
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<surname>Cristian Rodriguez R.</surname>
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</othercredit>
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<pubdate><?dbtimestamp format="Y/m/d"?></pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2001-<?dbtimestamp format="Y"?></year>
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<holder>Thomas M. Eastep</holder>
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</copyright>
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<legalnotice>
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<para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
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1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with
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no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover, and with no Back-Cover
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Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
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<quote><ulink url="GnuCopyright.htm">GNU Free Documentation
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License</ulink></quote>.</para>
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</legalnotice>
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<abstract>
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<para>In addition to those applications described in the
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/etc/shorewall/rules documentation, here are some other
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services/applications that you may need to configure your firewall to
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accommodate.</para>
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</abstract>
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</articleinfo>
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<caution>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">This article applies to Shorewall 3.0 and
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later. If you are running a version of Shorewall earlier than Shorewall
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3.0.0 then please see the documentation for that release</emphasis></para>
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</caution>
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<section id="Notes">
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<title>Important Notes</title>
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<note>
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<para>Shorewall distribution contains a library of user-defined macros
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that allow for easily allowing or blocking a particular application.
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<command>ls <filename>/usr/share/shorewall/</filename>macro.*</command>
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for the list of macros in your distribution. If you find what you need,
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you simply use the macro in a rule. For example, to allow DNS queries
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from the <emphasis role="bold">dmz</emphasis> zone to the <emphasis
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role="bold">net</emphasis> zone:</para>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DEST
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DNS(ACCEPT) dmz net</programlisting>
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</note>
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<note>
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<para>In the rules that are shown in this document, the ACTION is shown
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as ACCEPT. You may need to use DNAT (see <ulink url="FAQ.htm#faq30">FAQ
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30</ulink>) or you may want DROP or REJECT if you are trying to block
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the application.</para>
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<para>Example: You want to port forward FTP from the net to your server
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at 192.168.1.4 in your DMZ. The FTP section below gives you:</para>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DEST PROTO DPORT
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FTP(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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<para>You would code your rule as follows:</para>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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FTP(DNAT) net dmz:192.168.1.4 </programlisting>
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</note>
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</section>
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<section id="Auth">
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<title>Auth (identd)</title>
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<caution>
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<para><emphasis role="bold"><emphasis>It is now the 21st
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Century</emphasis> ; don't use identd in production
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anymore.</emphasis></para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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Auth(ACCEPT) <emphasis> <source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="BT">
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<title>BitTorrent</title>
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<caution>
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<para>This information is valid only for Shorewall 3.2 or later.</para>
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</caution>
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<caution>
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<para><emphasis role="bold"><emphasis>This rule assumes that your
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BitTorrent client listens on the default
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port(s)</emphasis></emphasis></para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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BitTorrent(ACCEPT)<emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="DNS">
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<title>DNS</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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DNS(ACCEPT) <emphasis> <source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> </programlisting>
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<para>Note that if you are setting up a DNS server that supports recursive
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resolution, the server is the <<emphasis>destination</emphasis>> for
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resolution requests (from clients) and is also the
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<<emphasis>source</emphasis>> of recursive resolution requests
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(usually to other servers in the 'net' zone). So for example, if you have
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a public DNS server in your DMZ that supports recursive resolution for
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local clients then you would need:</para>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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DNS(ACCEPT) all dmz
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DNS(ACCEPT) dmz net </programlisting>
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<note>
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<para>Recursive Resolution means that if the server itself can't resolve
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the name presented to it, the server will attempt to resolve the name
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with the help of other servers.</para>
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</note>
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</section>
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<section id="Emule">
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<title>Emule</title>
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<caution>
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<para>This information is valid only for Shorewall 3.2 or later.</para>
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</caution>
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<para>In contrast to how the rest of this article is organized, for emule
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I will give you the rules necessary to run emule on a single machine in
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your loc network (since that's what 99.99% of you want to do). Assume
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that:</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The internal machine running emule has IP address
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192.168.1.4.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>You use Masquerading or SNAT for the local network.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The zones are named as they are in the <ulink
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url="shorewall_quickstart_guide.htm">two- and three-interface
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QuickStart guides)</ulink>.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Your loc->net policy is ACCEPT</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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<para><filename>/etc/shorewall/rules:</filename></para>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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Edonkey(DNAT) net loc:192.168.1.4
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#if you wish to enable the Emule webserver, add this rule too.
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DNAT net loc:192.168.1.4 tcp 4711</programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="FTP">
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<title>FTP</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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FTP(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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<para>Look <ulink url="FTP.html">here</ulink> for much more
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information.</para>
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</section>
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<section id="Gnutella">
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<title>Gnutella</title>
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<para><orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The internal machine running a Gnutella Client has IP address
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192.168.1.4.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>You use Masquerading or SNAT for the local network.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The zones are named as they are in the <ulink
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url="shorewall_quickstart_guide.htm">two- and three-interface
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QuickStart guides)</ulink>.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Your loc->net policy is ACCEPT</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist><programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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Gnutella(DNAT) net loc:192.168.1.4</programlisting></para>
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</section>
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<section id="ICQ">
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<title>ICQ/AIM</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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ICQ(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> net</programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="IMAP">
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<title>IMAP</title>
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<caution>
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<para>When accessing your mail from the Internet, use <emphasis
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role="bold">only</emphasis> <emphasis role="bold">IMAP over
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SSL.</emphasis></para>
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</caution>
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<caution>
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<para>This information is valid only for Shorewall 3.2 or later.</para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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IMAP(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> # Unsecure IMAP
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IMAPS(ACCEPT) <source> <destination> # IMAP over SSL.</programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="IPSEC">
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<title>IPSEC</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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ACCEPT <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis> <destination></emphasis> 50
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ACCEPT <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis> <destination></emphasis> 51
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ACCEPT <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis> <destination></emphasis> udp 500
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ACCEPT <emphasis><destination></emphasis> <emphasis><source></emphasis> 50
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ACCEPT <emphasis><destination></emphasis> <emphasis><source></emphasis> 51
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ACCEPT <emphasis><destination></emphasis> <emphasis><source></emphasis> udp 500</programlisting>
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<para>Lots more information <ulink url="IPSEC.htm">here</ulink> and <ulink
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url="VPN.htm">here</ulink>.</para>
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</section>
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<section id="LDAP">
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<title>LDAP</title>
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<caution>
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<para>This information is valid only for Shorewall 3.2 or later.</para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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LDAP(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis> <destination></emphasis> <emphasis> #Insecure LDAP</emphasis>
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LDAPS(ACCEPT) <emphasis><emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis> <destination></emphasis></emphasis><emphasis/> # LDAP over SSL</programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="MySQL">
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<title><trademark>My\SQL</trademark></title>
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<caution>
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<para>This information is valid only for Shorewall 3.2 or later.</para>
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</caution>
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<caution>
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<para>Allowing access from untrusted hosts to your
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<trademark>MySQL</trademark> server represents a <emphasis
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role="bold">severe security risk</emphasis>.</para>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">DO NOT USE THIS </emphasis>if you don't know
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how to deal with the consequences, you have been warned.</para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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MySQL(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis> <destination></emphasis> <emphasis> </emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="NFS">
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<title>NFS</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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ACCEPT <emphasis><z1></emphasis>:<list of client IPs> <emphasis> <z2></emphasis>:a.b.c.d tcp 111
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ACCEPT <emphasis><z1></emphasis>:<list of client IPs> <emphasis> <z2></emphasis>:a.b.c.d udp</programlisting>
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<para>For more NFS information, see <ulink
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url="http://lists.shorewall.net/~kb/">http://lists.shorewall.net/~kb/</ulink>.</para>
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</section>
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<section id="NTP">
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<title>NTP (Network Time Protocol)</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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NTP(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="PCA">
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<title><trademark>PCAnywhere</trademark></title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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PCA(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="POP3">
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<title>POP3</title>
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<caution>
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<para>If Possible , <emphasis role="bold">Avoid this protocol</emphasis>
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, use <emphasis role="bold">IMAP</emphasis> instead.</para>
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</caution>
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<caution>
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<para>This information is valid only for Shorewall 3.2 or later</para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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POP3(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> # Secure
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POP3S(ACCEPT) <source> <destination> #Unsecure Pop3</programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="PPTP">
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<title>PPTP</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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ACCEPT <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> 47
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ACCEPT <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> tcp 1723</programlisting>
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<para>Lots more information <ulink url="PPTP.htm">here</ulink> and <ulink
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url="VPN.htm">here</ulink>.</para>
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</section>
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<section id="Rdate">
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<title>rdate</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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Rdate(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="rsync">
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<title>rsync</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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Rsync(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="Siproxd">
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<title>Siproxd</title>
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<caution>
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<para>This assumes siproxd is running <emphasis role="bold">on the
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firewall and is using the default ports</emphasis>.</para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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REDIRECT loc 5060 udp 5060
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ACCEPT net fw udp 5060
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ACCEPT <emphasis> net fw udp 7070:7089</emphasis><emphasis/></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="SSH">
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<title>SSH/SFTP</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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SSH(ACCEPT)<emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> </programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="SMB">
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<title>SMB/NMB (Samba/<trademark>Windows</trademark> Browsing/File
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Sharing)</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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SMB(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis> <destination></emphasis>
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SMB(ACCEPT) <emphasis><destination></emphasis> <emphasis><source></emphasis></programlisting>
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<para>Also, see <ulink url="samba.htm">this page</ulink>.</para>
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</section>
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<section id="SMTP">
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<title>SMTP</title>
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<caution>
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<para>This information is valid only for Shorewall 3.2 or later.</para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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SMTP(ACCEPT)<emphasis> <source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> #Insecure SMTP
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SMTPS(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> #SMTP over SSL (TLS)</programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="SNMP">
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<title>SNMP</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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SNMP(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="SVN">
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<title>SVN</title>
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<caution>
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<para>This information is valid only for Shorewall 3.2 or later.</para>
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</caution>
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<caution>
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<para>This rule is for Subversion running in <emphasis
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role="bold">svnserve mode only.</emphasis></para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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SVN(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="Telnet">
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<title>Telnet</title>
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<caution>
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<para><emphasis role="bold"><emphasis>The telnet protocol is very
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insecure</emphasis>, don't use it.</emphasis></para>
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</caution>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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Telnet(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="TFTP">
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<title>TFTP</title>
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<para>You must have TFTP connection tracking support in your kernel. If
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modularized, the modules are <emphasis
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role="bold">ip_conntrack_tftp</emphasis> (and <emphasis
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role="bold">ip_nat_tftp</emphasis> if any form of NAT is involved) These
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modules may be loaded using entries in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/modules</filename>. The <emphasis
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role="bold">ip_conntrack_tftp</emphasis> module must be loaded first. Note
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that the <filename>/etc/shorewall/modules</filename> file released with
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recent Shorewall versions contains entries for these modules.</para>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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ACCEPT <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> udp 69</programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="Traceroute">
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<title>Traceroute</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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Trcrt(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> #Good for 10 hops</programlisting>
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<para>UDP traceroute uses ports 33434 through 33434+<max number of
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hops>-1. Note that for the firewall to respond with a TTL expired ICMP
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reply, you will need to allow ICMP 11 outbound from the firewall. The
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standard Shorewall sample configurations all set this up for you
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automatically since those sample configurations enable all ICMP packet
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types originating on the firewall itself.</para>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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ACCEPT fw net icmp
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ACCEPT fw loc icmp
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ACCEPT fw ...</programlisting>
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</section>
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<section id="NNTP">
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<title>Usenet (NNTP)</title>
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<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
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NNTP(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis>
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NNTPS(ACCEPT) <source> <destination> # secure NNTP</programlisting>
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<para>TCP Port 119</para>
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</section>
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<section id="VNC">
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<title>VNC</title>
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<caution>
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<para>This information is valid only for Shorewall 3.2 or later.</para>
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</caution>
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<para>Vncviewer to Vncserver -- TCP port 5900 + <display
|
|
number>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>the following rule handles VNC traffic for VNC displays 0 -
|
|
9.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
|
|
VNC(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis>
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>Vncserver to Vncviewer in listen mode -- TCP port 5500.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
|
|
VNCL(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis></programlisting>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Vonage">
|
|
<title><trademark>Vonage</trademark></title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The standard Shorewall loc->net ACCEPT policy is all that is
|
|
required for <trademark>Vonage</trademark> IP phone service to work,
|
|
provided that you have loaded the tftp helper modules (add the following
|
|
entries to /etc/shorewall/modules if they are not there already):</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Web">
|
|
<title>Web Access</title>
|
|
|
|
<caution>
|
|
<para>This information is valid for Shorewall 3.2 or later.</para>
|
|
</caution>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
|
|
HTTP(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> #Insecure HTTP
|
|
HTTPS(ACCEPT) <source> <destination> #Secure HTTP</programlisting>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Webmin">
|
|
<title>Webmin</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
|
|
Webmin(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> </programlisting>Webmin
|
|
use TCP port 10000.</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Whois">
|
|
<title>Whois</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
|
|
Whois(ACCEPT) <emphasis><source></emphasis> <emphasis><destination></emphasis> </programlisting></para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="X">
|
|
<title>X/XDMCP</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Assume that the Chooser and/or X Server are running at
|
|
<<emphasis>chooser</emphasis>> and the Display Manager/X
|
|
applications are running at <<emphasis>apps</emphasis>>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>#ACTION SOURCE DESTINATION PROTO DPORT
|
|
ACCEPT <<emphasis>chooser</emphasis>> <<emphasis>apps</emphasis>> udp 177 #XDMCP
|
|
ACCEPT <<emphasis>apps</emphasis>> <<emphasis>chooser</emphasis>> tcp 6000:6009 #X Displays 0-9</programlisting>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Other">
|
|
<title>Other Source of Port Information</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Didn't find what you are looking for -- have you looked in your own
|
|
/etc/services file?</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Still looking? Try <ulink
|
|
url="http://www.networkice.com/advice/Exploits/Ports">http://www.networkice.com/advice/Exploits/Ports</ulink></para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</article>
|