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When creating a new session from the command-line where there is an external terminal, copy the termios(4) special characters and use them for new windows created in the new session. Suggested by Theo.
1925 lines
46 KiB
Groff
1925 lines
46 KiB
Groff
.\" $Id: tmux.1,v 1.150 2009-08-16 18:59:12 tcunha Exp $
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.\"
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.\" Copyright (c) 2007 Nicholas Marriott <nicm@users.sourceforge.net>
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
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.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
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.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
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.\"
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.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
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.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
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.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
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.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF MIND, USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
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.\" IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
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.\" OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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.\"
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.Dd $Mdocdate: August 13 2009 $
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.Dt TMUX 1
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm tmux
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.Nd terminal multiplexer
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.Sh SYNOPSIS
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.Nm tmux
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.Bk -words
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.Op Fl 28dqUuv
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.Op Fl f Ar file
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.Op Fl L Ar socket-name
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.Op Fl S Ar socket-path
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.Op Ar command Op Ar flags
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.Ek
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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.Nm
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|
is a terminal multiplexer:
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it enables a number of terminals to be created, accessed, and
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controlled from a single screen.
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.Nm
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may be detached from a screen
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and continue running in the background,
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then later reattached.
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.Pp
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When
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.Nm
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is started it creates a new
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.Em session
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with a single
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.Em window
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and displays it on screen.
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A status line at the bottom of the screen
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|
shows information on the current session
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and is used to enter interactive commands.
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.Pp
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A session is a single collection of
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.Em pseudo terminals
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under the management of
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.Nm .
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Each session has one or more
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windows linked to it.
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A window occupies the entire screen
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and may be split into rectangular panes,
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each of which is a separate pseudo terminal
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(the
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.Xr pty 4
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manual page documents the technical details of pseudo terminals).
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Any number of
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.Nm
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|
instances may connect to the same session,
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|
and any number of windows may be present in the same session.
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Once all sessions are killed,
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.Nm
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|
exits.
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.Pp
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Each session is persistent and will survive accidental disconnection
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(such as
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.Xr ssh 1
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|
connection timeout) or intentional detaching (with the
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.Ql C-b d
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key strokes).
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.Nm
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may be reattached using:
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.Pp
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.Dl $ tmux attach
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.Pp
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In
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.Nm ,
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a session is displayed on screen by a
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.Em client
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and all sessions are managed by a single
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.Em server .
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The server and each client are separate processes which communicate through a
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socket in
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.Pa /tmp .
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.Pp
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The options are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width "XXXXXXXXXXXX"
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.It Fl 2
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Force
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.Nm
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to assume the terminal supports 256 colours.
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.It Fl 8
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Like
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.Fl 2 ,
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but indicates that the terminal supports 88 colours.
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.It Fl d
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Force
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.Nm
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to assume the terminal supports default colours.
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.It Fl f Ar file
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Specify an alternative configuration file.
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By default,
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.Nm
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|
loads the system configuration file from
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.Pa /etc/tmux.conf ,
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if present, then looks for a user configuration file at
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.Pa ~/.tmux.conf .
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The configuration file is a set of
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.Nm
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|
commands which are executed in sequence when the server is first started.
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.Pp
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If a command in the configuration file fails,
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.Nm
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will report an error and exit without executing further commands.
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.It Fl L Ar socket-name
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.Nm
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stores the server socket in a directory under
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.Pa /tmp ;
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the default socket is named
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.Em default .
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This option allows a different socket name to be specified, allowing several
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independent
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.Nm
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servers to be run.
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Unlike
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.Fl S
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a full path is not necessary: the sockets are all created in the same
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directory.
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.Pp
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If the socket is accidentally removed, the
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.Dv SIGUSR1
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signal may be sent to the
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.Nm
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server process to recreate it.
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.It Fl q
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Prevent the server sending various informational messages, for example when
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window flags are altered.
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.It Fl S Ar socket-path
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Specify a full alternative path to the server socket.
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If
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.Fl S
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is specified, the default socket directory is not used and any
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.Fl L
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flag is ignored.
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.It Fl U
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Unlock the server.
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.It Fl u
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.Nm
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attempts to guess if the terminal is likely to support UTF-8 by checking the
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first of the
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.Ev LC_ALL ,
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.Ev LC_CTYPE
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and
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.Ev LANG
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environment variables to be set for the string "UTF-8".
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This is not always correct: the
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.Fl u
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flag explicitly informs
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.Nm
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that UTF-8 is supported.
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.Pp
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If the server is started from a client passed
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.Fl u
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or where UTF-8 is detected, the
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.Ic utf8
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and
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.Ic status-utf8
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options are enabled in the global window and session options respectively.
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.It Fl v
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Request verbose logging.
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This option may be specified multiple times for increasing verbosity.
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Log messages will be saved into
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.Pa tmux-client-PID.log
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and
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.Pa tmux-server-PID.log
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files in the current directory, where
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.Em PID
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is the PID of the server or client process.
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.It Ar command Op Ar flags
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This specifies one of a set of commands used to control
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.Nm ,
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as described in the following sections.
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If no commands are specified, the
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.Ic new-session
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command is assumed.
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.El
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.Sh KEY BINDINGS
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.Nm
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may be controlled from an attached client by using a key combination of a
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prefix key,
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.Ql C-b
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(Ctrl-b) by default, followed by a command key.
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.Pp
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Some of the default key bindings are:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
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.It c
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Create a new window.
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.It d
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Detach the current client.
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.It l
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Move to the previously selected window.
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.It n
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Change to the next window.
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.It p
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Change to the previous window.
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.It &
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Kill the current window.
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.It ,
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Rename the current window.
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.It \&?
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List all key bindings.
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.El
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.Pp
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A complete list may be obtained with the
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.Ic list-keys
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command (bound to
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.Ql \&?
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by default).
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Key bindings may be changed with the
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.Ic bind-key
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and
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.Ic unbind-key
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commands.
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.Sh COMMANDS
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This section contains a list of the commands supported by
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.Nm .
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Most commands accept the optional
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.Fl t
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argument with one of
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.Ar target-client ,
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.Ar target-session
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.Ar target-window ,
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or
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.Ar target-pane .
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These specify the client, session, window or pane which a command should affect.
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.Ar target-client
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is the name of the
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.Xr pty 4
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file to which the client is connected, for example either of
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.Pa /dev/ttyp1
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or
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.Pa ttyp1
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for the client attached to
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.Pa /dev/ttyp1 .
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|
If no client is specified, the current client is chosen, if possible, or an
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error is reported.
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|
Clients may be listed with the
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.Ic list-clients
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command.
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.Pp
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.Ar target-session
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is either the name of a session (as listed by the
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.Ic list-sessions
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command) or the name of a client with the same syntax as
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.Ar target-client ,
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in which case the session attached to the client is used.
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When looking for the session name,
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.Nm
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initially searches for an exact match; if none is found, the session names
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are checked for any for which
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.Ar target-session
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is a prefix or for which it matches as an
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.Xr fnmatch 3
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pattern.
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If a single match is found, it is used as the target session; multiple matches
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produce an error.
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If a session is omitted, the current session is used if available; if no
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current session is available, the most recently created is chosen.
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.Pp
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.Ar target-window
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specifies a window in the form
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.Em session Ns \&: Ns Em window .
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.Em session
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|
follows the same rules as for
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.Ar target-session ,
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and
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.Em window
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is looked for in order: as a window index, for example mysession:1; as an exact
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window name, such as mysession:mywindow; then as an
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.Xr fnmatch 3
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pattern or the start of a window name, such as mysession:mywin* or
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mysession:mywin.
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An empty window name specifies the next unused index if appropriate (for
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example the
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.Ic new-window
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and
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.Ic link-window
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commands)
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otherwise the current window in
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.Em session
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is chosen.
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When the argument does not contain a colon,
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.Nm
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first attempts to parse it as window; if that fails, an attempt is made to
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match a session.
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.Pp
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.Ar target-pane
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takes a similar form to
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.Ar target-window
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but with the optional addition of a period followed by a pane index, for
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example: mysession:mywindow.1.
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If the pane index is omitted, the currently active pane in the specified
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window is used.
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If neither a colon nor period appears,
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.Nm
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first attempts to use the argument as a pane index; if that fails, it is looked
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up as for
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.Ar target-window .
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.Pp
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Multiple commands may be specified together as part of a
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.Em command sequence .
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Each command should be separated by spaces and a semicolon;
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commands are executed sequentially from left to right.
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A literal semicolon may be included by escaping it with a backslash (for
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example, when specifying a command sequence to
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.Ic bind-key ) .
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.Pp
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Examples include:
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.Bd -literal -offset indent
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refresh-client -t/dev/ttyp2
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rename-session -tfirst newname
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set-window-option -t:0 monitor-activity on
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new-window ; split-window -d
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bind-key D detach-client \e\; lock-server
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.Ed
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.Sh CLIENTS AND SESSIONS
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The following commands are available:
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.Bl -tag -width Ds
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.It Xo Ic attach-session
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.Op Fl d
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.Op Fl t Ar target-session
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.Xc
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.D1 (alias: Ic attach )
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If run from outside
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.Nm ,
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create a new client in the current terminal and attach it to
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.Ar target-session .
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If used from inside, switch the current client.
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If
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.Fl d
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is specified, any other clients attached to the session are detached.
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.Pp
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If no server is started,
|
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.Ic attach-session
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will attempt to start it; this will fail unless sessions are created in the
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configuration file.
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.It Ic detach-client Op Fl t Ar target-client
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.D1 (alias: Ic detach )
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Detach the current client if bound to a key, or the specified client with
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.Fl t .
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.It Ic has-session Op Fl t Ar target-session
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.D1 (alias: Ic has )
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Report an error and exit with 1 if the specified session does not exist.
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If it does exist, exit with 0.
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.It Ic kill-server
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Kill the
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.Nm
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server and clients and destroy all sessions.
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.It Ic kill-session Op Fl t Ar target-session
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Destroy the given session, closing any windows linked to it and no other
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sessions, and detaching all clients attached to it.
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.It Ic list-clients
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.D1 (alias: Ic lsc )
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List all clients attached to the server.
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.It Ic list-commands
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.D1 (alias: Ic lscm )
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List the syntax of all commands supported by
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.Nm .
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.It Ic list-sessions
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.D1 (alias: Ic ls )
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List all sessions managed by the server.
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.It Xo Ic new-session
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.Op Fl d
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.Op Fl n Ar window-name
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.Op Fl s Ar session-name
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.Op Ar command
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.Xc
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.D1 (alias: Ic new )
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Create a new session with name
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.Ar session-name .
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The new session is attached to the current terminal unless
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.Fl d
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is given.
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.Ar window-name
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and
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.Ar command
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are the name of and command to execute in the initial window.
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.Pp
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If run from a terminal, any
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.Xr termios 4
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special characters are saved and used for new windows in the new session.
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.It Ic refresh-client Op Fl t Ar target-client
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.D1 (alias: Ic refresh )
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Refresh the current client if bound to a key, or a single client if one is given
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with
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.Fl t .
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.It Xo Ic rename-session
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.Op Fl t Ar target-session
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.Ar new-name
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.Xc
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.D1 (alias: Ic rename )
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Rename the session to
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.Ar new-name .
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.It Ic source-file Ar path
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.D1 (alias: Ic source )
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Execute commands from
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.Ar path .
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.It Ic start-server
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.D1 (alias: Ic start )
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Start the
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.Nm
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server, if not already running, without creating any sessions.
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|
.It Xo Ic suspend-client
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.Op Fl c Ar target-client
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.Xc
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.D1 (alias: Ic suspendc )
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|
Suspend a client by sending
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.Dv SIGTSTP
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|
(tty stop).
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|
.It Xo Ic switch-client
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|
.Op Fl c Ar target-client
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|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
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|
.Xc
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.D1 (alias: Ic switchc )
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|
Switch the current session for client
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.Ar target-client
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to
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.Ar target-session .
|
|
.El
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|
.Sh WINDOWS AND PANES
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|
A
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.Nm
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window may be in one of several modes.
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|
The default permits direct access to the terminal attached to the window.
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The others are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
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|
.It Em output mode
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|
This is entered when a command which produces output, such as
|
|
.Ic list-keys ,
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|
is executed from a key binding.
|
|
.It Em scroll mode
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|
This is entered with the
|
|
.Ic scroll-mode
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|
command (bound to
|
|
.Ql =
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|
by default) and permits the window history buffer to be inspected.
|
|
.It Em copy mode
|
|
This permits a section of a window or its history to be copied to a
|
|
.Em paste buffer
|
|
for later insertion into another window.
|
|
This mode is entered with the
|
|
.Ic copy-mode
|
|
command, bound to
|
|
.Ql [
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|
by default.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The keys available depend on whether emacs or vi mode is selected
|
|
(see the
|
|
.Ic mode-keys
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|
option).
|
|
The following keys are supported as appropriate for the mode:
|
|
.Bl -column "FunctionXXXXXXXXXXXX" "viXXXXXX" "emacs" -offset indent
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|
.It Sy "Function" Ta Sy "vi" Ta Sy "emacs"
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|
.It Li "Start of line" Ta "0" Ta "C-a"
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|
.It Li "Back to indentation" Ta "^" Ta "M-m"
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|
.It Li "Clear selection" Ta "Escape" Ta "C-g"
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|
.It Li "Copy selection" Ta "Enter" Ta "M-w"
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|
.It Li "Cursor down" Ta "j" Ta "Down"
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|
.It Li "End of line" Ta "$" Ta "C-e"
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|
.It Li "Cursor left" Ta "h" Ta "Left"
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|
.It Li "Next page" Ta "C-f" Ta "Page down"
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|
.It Li "Next word" Ta "w" Ta "M-f"
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|
.It Li "Previous page" Ta "C-u" Ta "Page up"
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|
.It Li "Previous word" Ta "b" Ta "M-b"
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|
.It Li "Quit mode" Ta "q" Ta "Escape"
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|
.It Li "Cursor right" Ta "l" Ta "Right"
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|
.It Li "Start selection" Ta "Space" Ta "C-Space"
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|
.It Li "Cursor up" Ta "k" Ta "Up"
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|
.It Li "Delete to end of line" Ta "D" Ta "C-k"
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|
.It Li "Paste buffer" Ta "p" Ta "C-y"
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|
.El
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|
.Pp
|
|
These key bindings are defined in a set of named tables:
|
|
.Em vi-edit
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|
and
|
|
.Em emacs-edit
|
|
for keys used when line editing at the command prompt;
|
|
.Em vi-choice
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|
and
|
|
.Em emacs-choice
|
|
for keys used when choosing from lists (such as produced by the
|
|
.Ic window-choose
|
|
command) or in output mode; and
|
|
.Em vi-copy
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|
and
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|
.Em emacs-copy
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|
used in copy and scroll modes.
|
|
The tables may be viewed with the
|
|
.Ic list-keys
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|
command and keys modified or removed with
|
|
.Ic bind-key
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|
and
|
|
.Ic unbind-key .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The paste buffer key pastes the first line from the top paste buffer on the
|
|
stack.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The mode commands are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
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|
.It Xo Ic copy-mode
|
|
.Op Fl u
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|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Xc
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|
Enter copy mode.
|
|
The
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|
.Fl u
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|
option scrolls one page up.
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|
.It Xo Ic scroll-mode
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|
.Op Fl u
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|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
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|
.Xc
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|
Enter scroll mode.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl u
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|
has the same meaning as in the
|
|
.Ic copy-mode
|
|
command.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Each window displayed by
|
|
.Nm
|
|
may be split into one or more
|
|
.Em panes ;
|
|
each pane takes up a certain area of the display and is a separate terminal.
|
|
A window may be split into panes using the
|
|
.Ic split-window
|
|
command.
|
|
Windows may be split horizontally (with the
|
|
.Fl h
|
|
flag) or vertically.
|
|
Panes may be resized with the
|
|
.Ic resize-pane
|
|
command (bound to
|
|
.Ql C-up ,
|
|
.Ql C-down
|
|
.Ql C-left
|
|
and
|
|
.Ql C-right
|
|
by default), the current pane may be changed with the
|
|
.Ic up-pane
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic down-pane
|
|
commands and the
|
|
.Ic rotate-window
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic swap-pane
|
|
commands may be used to swap panes without changing their position.
|
|
Panes are numbered beginning from zero in the order they are created.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A number of preset
|
|
.Em layouts
|
|
are available.
|
|
These may be selected with the
|
|
.Ic select-layout
|
|
command or cycled with
|
|
.Ic next-layout
|
|
(bound to
|
|
.Ql C-space
|
|
by default); once a layout is chosen, panes within it may be moved and resized as normal.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The following layouts are supported:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic even-horizontal
|
|
Panes are spread out evenly from left to right across the window.
|
|
.It Ic even-vertical
|
|
Panes are spread evenly from top to bottom.
|
|
.It Ic main-horizontal
|
|
A large (main) pane is shown at the top of the window and the remaining panes are
|
|
spread from left to right in the leftover space at the bottom.
|
|
Use the
|
|
.Em main-pane-height
|
|
window option to specify the height of the top pane.
|
|
.It Ic main-vertical
|
|
Similar to
|
|
.Ic main-horizontal
|
|
but the large pane is placed on the left and the others spread from top to
|
|
bottom along the right.
|
|
See the
|
|
.Em main-pane-width
|
|
window option.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands related to windows and panes are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic break-pane
|
|
.Op Fl d
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic breakp )
|
|
Break
|
|
.Ar target-pane
|
|
off from its containing window to make it the only pane in a new window.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
is given, the new window does not become the current window.
|
|
.It Ic choose-session Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
Put a window into session choice mode, where the session for the current
|
|
client may be selected interactively from a list.
|
|
This command works only from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Ic choose-window Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
Put a window into window choice mode, where the window for the session
|
|
attached to the current client may be selected interactively from a list.
|
|
This command works only from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Ic down-pane Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic downp )
|
|
Move down a pane.
|
|
.It Xo Ic find-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Ar match-string
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic findw )
|
|
Search for the
|
|
.Xr fnmatch 3
|
|
pattern
|
|
.Ar match-string
|
|
in window names, titles, and visible content (but not history).
|
|
If only one window is matched, it'll be automatically selected, otherwise a
|
|
choice list is shown.
|
|
This command only works from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Ic kill-pane Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic killp )
|
|
Destroy the given pane.
|
|
If no panes remain in the containing window, it is also destroyed.
|
|
.It Ic kill-window Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic killw )
|
|
Kill the current window or the window at
|
|
.Ar target-window ,
|
|
removing it from any sessions to which it is linked.
|
|
.It Ic last-window Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic last )
|
|
Select the last (previously selected) window.
|
|
If no
|
|
.Ar target-session
|
|
is specified, select the last window of the current session.
|
|
.It Xo Ic link-window
|
|
.Op Fl dk
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic linkw )
|
|
Link the window at
|
|
.Ar src-window
|
|
to the specified
|
|
.Ar dst-window .
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar dst-window
|
|
is specified and no such window exists, the
|
|
.Ar src-window
|
|
is linked there.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
is given and
|
|
.Ar dst-window
|
|
exists, it is killed, otherwise an error is generated.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
is given, the newly linked window is not selected.
|
|
.It Ic list-windows Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lsw )
|
|
List windows in the current session or in
|
|
.Ar target-session .
|
|
.It Xo Ic move-window
|
|
.Op Fl d
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic movew )
|
|
This is similar to
|
|
.Ic link-window ,
|
|
except the window at
|
|
.Ar src-window
|
|
is moved to
|
|
.Ar dst-window .
|
|
.It Xo Ic new-window
|
|
.Op Fl dk
|
|
.Op Fl n Ar window-name
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic neww )
|
|
Create a new window.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl d
|
|
is given, the session does not make the new window the current window.
|
|
.Ar target-window
|
|
represents the window to be created; if the target already exists an error is
|
|
shown, unless the
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
flag is used, in which case it is destroyed.
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
is the command to execute.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
is not specified, the default command is used.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Ev TERM
|
|
environment variable must be set to
|
|
.Dq screen
|
|
for all programs running
|
|
.Em inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
New windows will automatically have
|
|
.Dq TERM=screen
|
|
added to their environment, but care must be taken not to reset this in shell
|
|
start-up files.
|
|
.It Ic next-layout Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic nextl )
|
|
Move a window to the next layout and rearrange the panes to fit.
|
|
.It Xo Ic next-window
|
|
.Op Fl a
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic next )
|
|
Move to the next window in the session.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
is used, move to the next window with a bell, activity or content alert.
|
|
.It Xo Ic previous-window
|
|
.Op Fl a
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic prev )
|
|
Move to the previous window in the session.
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl a ,
|
|
move to the previous window with a bell, activity or content alert.
|
|
.It Xo Ic rename-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Ar new-name
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic renamew )
|
|
Rename the current window, or the window at
|
|
.Ar target-window
|
|
if specified, to
|
|
.Ar new-name .
|
|
.It Xo Ic resize-pane
|
|
.Op Fl DLRU
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.Op Ar adjustment
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic resizep )
|
|
Resize a pane, upward with
|
|
.Fl U
|
|
(the default), downward with
|
|
.Fl D ,
|
|
to the left with
|
|
.Fl L
|
|
and to the right with
|
|
.Fl R .
|
|
The
|
|
.Ar adjustment
|
|
is given in lines or cells (the default is 1).
|
|
.It Xo Ic respawn-window
|
|
.Op Fl k
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic respawnw )
|
|
Reactive a window in which the command has exited (see the
|
|
.Ic remain-on-exit
|
|
window option).
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
is not given, the command used when the window was created is executed.
|
|
The window must be already inactive, unless
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
is given, in which case any existing command is killed.
|
|
.It Xo Ic rotate-window
|
|
.Op Fl DU
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic rotatew )
|
|
Rotate the positions of the panes within a window, either upward (numerically
|
|
lower) with
|
|
.Fl U
|
|
or downward (numerically higher).
|
|
.It Xo Ic select-layout
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar layout-name
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: selectl )
|
|
Choose a specific layout for a window.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar layout-name
|
|
is not given, the last layout used (if any) is reapplied.
|
|
.It Ic select-pane Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic selectp )
|
|
Make pane
|
|
.Ar target-pane
|
|
the active pane in window
|
|
.Ar target-window .
|
|
.It Ic select-window Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic selectw )
|
|
Select the window at
|
|
.Ar target-window .
|
|
.It Xo Ic split-window
|
|
.Op Fl dhv
|
|
.Oo Fl l
|
|
.Ar size |
|
|
.Fl p Ar percentage Oc
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Op Ar command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: splitw )
|
|
Creates a new pane by splitting the active pane:
|
|
.Fl h
|
|
does a horizontal split and
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
a vertical split; if neither is specified,
|
|
.Fl v
|
|
is assumed.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl l
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl p
|
|
options specify the size of the new window in lines (for vertical split) or in
|
|
cells (for horizontal split), or as a percentage, respectively.
|
|
All other options have the same meaning as in the
|
|
.Ic new-window
|
|
command.
|
|
.It Xo Ic swap-pane
|
|
.Op Fl dDU
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-pane
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-pane
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic swapp )
|
|
Swap two panes.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl U
|
|
is used and no source pane is specified with
|
|
.Fl s ,
|
|
.Ar dst-pane
|
|
is swapped with the previous pane (before it numerically);
|
|
.Fl D
|
|
swaps with the next pane (after it numerically).
|
|
.It Xo Ic swap-window
|
|
.Op Fl d
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-window
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic swapw )
|
|
This is similar to
|
|
.Ic link-window ,
|
|
except the source and destination windows are swapped.
|
|
It is an error if no window exists at
|
|
.Ar src-window .
|
|
.It Xo Ic unlink-window
|
|
.Op Fl k
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic unlinkw )
|
|
Unlink
|
|
.Ar target-window .
|
|
Unless
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
is given, a window may be unlinked only if it is linked to multiple sessions -
|
|
windows may not be linked to no sessions;
|
|
if
|
|
.Fl k
|
|
is specified and the window is linked to only one session, it is unlinked and
|
|
destroyed.
|
|
.It Ic up-pane Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic upp )
|
|
Move up a pane.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh KEY BINDINGS
|
|
Commands related to key bindings are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic bind-key
|
|
.Op Fl cnr
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar key-table
|
|
.Ar key Ar command Op Ar arguments
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic bind )
|
|
Bind key
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
to
|
|
.Ar command .
|
|
Keys may be specified prefixed with
|
|
.Ql C-
|
|
or
|
|
.Ql ^
|
|
for Ctrl keys, or
|
|
.Ql M-
|
|
for Alt (meta) keys.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
By default (without
|
|
.Fl t )
|
|
the primary key bindings are modified (those normally activated with the prefix
|
|
key); in this case, if
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
is specified, it is not necessary to use the prefix key,
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
is bound to
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
alone.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
flag indicates this key may repeat, see the
|
|
.Ic repeat-time
|
|
option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
is present,
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
is bound in
|
|
.Ar key-table :
|
|
the binding for command mode with
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
or for normal mode without.
|
|
To view the default bindings and possible commands, see the
|
|
.Ic list-keys
|
|
command.
|
|
.It Ic list-keys Op Fl t Ar key-table
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lsk )
|
|
List all key bindings.
|
|
Without
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
the primary key bindings - those executed when preceded by the prefix key -
|
|
are printed.
|
|
Keys bound without the prefix key (see
|
|
.Ic bind-key
|
|
.Fl n )
|
|
are enclosed in square brackets.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl t ,
|
|
the key bindings in
|
|
.Ar key-table
|
|
are listed; this may be one of:
|
|
.Em vi-edit ,
|
|
.Em emacs-edit ,
|
|
.Em vi-choice ,
|
|
.Em emacs-choice ,
|
|
.Em vi-copy
|
|
or
|
|
.Em emacs-copy .
|
|
.It Xo Ic send-keys
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Ar key Ar ...
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic send )
|
|
Send a key or keys to a window.
|
|
Each argument
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
is the name of the key (such as
|
|
.Ql C-a
|
|
or
|
|
.Ql npage
|
|
) to send; if the string is not recognised as a key, it is sent as a series of
|
|
characters.
|
|
All arguments are sent sequentially from first to last.
|
|
.It Ic send-prefix Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
Send the prefix key to a window as if it was pressed.
|
|
.It Xo Ic unbind-key
|
|
.Op Fl cn
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar key-table
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic unbind )
|
|
Unbind the command bound to
|
|
.Ar key .
|
|
Without
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
the primary key bindings are modified; in this case, if
|
|
.Fl n
|
|
is specified, the command bound to
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
without a prefix (if any) is removed.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl t
|
|
is present,
|
|
.Ar key
|
|
in
|
|
.Ar key-table
|
|
is unbound: the binding for command mode with
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
or for normal mode without.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh OPTIONS
|
|
The appearance and behaviour of
|
|
.Nm
|
|
may be modified by changing the value of various options.
|
|
There are two types of option:
|
|
.Em session options
|
|
and
|
|
.Em window options .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Each individual session may have a set of session options, and there is a
|
|
separate set of global session options.
|
|
Sessions which do not have a particular option configured inherit the value
|
|
from the global session options.
|
|
Session options are set or unset with the
|
|
.Ic set-option
|
|
command and may be listed with the
|
|
.Ic show-options
|
|
command.
|
|
The available session options are listed under the
|
|
.Ic set-option
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Similarly, a set of window options is attached to each window, and there is
|
|
a set of global window options from which any unset options are inherited.
|
|
Window options are altered with the
|
|
.Ic set-window-option
|
|
command and can be listed with the
|
|
.Ic show-window-options
|
|
command.
|
|
All window options are documented with the
|
|
.Ic set-window-option
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands which set options are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-option
|
|
.Op Fl agu
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Ar option Ar value
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic set )
|
|
Set a session option.
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl a ,
|
|
and if the option expects a string,
|
|
.Ar value
|
|
is appended to the existing setting.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl g
|
|
is specified, the global session option is set.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl u
|
|
flag unsets an option, so a session inherits the option from the global
|
|
options - it is not possible to unset a global option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Available session options are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic bell-action
|
|
.Op Ic any | none | current
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set action on window bell.
|
|
.Ic any
|
|
means a bell in any window linked to a session causes a bell in the current
|
|
window of that session,
|
|
.Ic none
|
|
means all bells are ignored and
|
|
.Ic current
|
|
means only bell in windows other than the current window are ignored.
|
|
.It Ic buffer-limit Ar number
|
|
Set the number of buffers kept for each session; as new buffers are added to
|
|
the top of the stack, old ones are removed from the bottom if necessary to
|
|
maintain this maximum length.
|
|
.It Ic default-command Ar command
|
|
Set the command used for new windows (if not specified when the window is
|
|
created) to
|
|
.Ar command .
|
|
The default is an empty string, which instructs
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to create a login shell using the
|
|
.Ev SHELL
|
|
environment variable or, if it is unset, the user's shell returned by
|
|
.Xr getpwuid 3 .
|
|
.It Ic default-path Ar path
|
|
Set the default working directory for processes created from keys, or
|
|
interactively from the prompt.
|
|
The default is the current working directory when the server is started.
|
|
.It Ic default-terminal Ar terminal
|
|
Set the default terminal for new windows created in this session - the
|
|
default value of the
|
|
.Ev TERM
|
|
environment variable.
|
|
For
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to work correctly, this
|
|
.Em must
|
|
be set to
|
|
.Ql screen
|
|
or a derivative of it.
|
|
.It Ic display-time Ar time
|
|
Set the amount of time for which status line messages are displayed.
|
|
.Ar time
|
|
is in milliseconds.
|
|
.It Ic history-limit Ar lines
|
|
Set the maximum number of lines held in window history.
|
|
This setting applies only to new windows - existing window histories are not
|
|
resized and retain the limit at the point they were created.
|
|
.It Ic lock-after-time Ar number
|
|
Lock the server after
|
|
.Ar number
|
|
seconds of inactivity.
|
|
The default is off (set to 0).
|
|
This has no effect as a session option; it must be set as a global option using
|
|
.Fl g .
|
|
.It Ic message-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line message attributes, where
|
|
.Ar attributes
|
|
is either
|
|
.Ic default
|
|
or a comma-delimited list of one or more of:
|
|
.Ic bright
|
|
(or
|
|
.Ic bold ) ,
|
|
.Ic dim ,
|
|
.Ic underscore ,
|
|
.Ic blink ,
|
|
.Ic reverse ,
|
|
.Ic hidden ,
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic italics .
|
|
.It Ic message-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line message background colour, where
|
|
.Ar colour
|
|
is one of:
|
|
.Ic black ,
|
|
.Ic red ,
|
|
.Ic green ,
|
|
.Ic yellow ,
|
|
.Ic blue ,
|
|
.Ic magenta ,
|
|
.Ic cyan ,
|
|
.Ic white
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic default .
|
|
.It Ic message-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line message foreground colour.
|
|
.It Ic prefix Ar key
|
|
Set the current prefix key.
|
|
.It Ic repeat-time Ar time
|
|
Allow multiple commands to be entered without pressing the prefix-key again
|
|
in the specified
|
|
.Ar time
|
|
milliseconds (the default is 500).
|
|
Whether a key repeats may be set when it is bound using the
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
flag to
|
|
.Ic bind-key .
|
|
Repeat is enabled for the default keys bound to the
|
|
.Ic resize-pane
|
|
command.
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-remain-on-exit
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set the
|
|
.Ic remain-on-exit
|
|
window option for any windows first created in this session.
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-titles
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Attempt to set the window title using the \ee]2;...\e007 xterm code and
|
|
the terminal appears to be an xterm.
|
|
This option is off by default.
|
|
Note that elinks
|
|
will only attempt to set the window title if the STY environment
|
|
variable is set.
|
|
.It Xo Ic status
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Show or hide the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line attributes.
|
|
.It Ic status-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line background colour.
|
|
.It Ic status-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line foreground colour.
|
|
.It Ic status-interval Ar interval
|
|
Update the status bar every
|
|
.Ar interval
|
|
seconds.
|
|
By default, updates will occur every 15 seconds.
|
|
A setting of zero disables redrawing at interval.
|
|
.It Xo Ic status-justify
|
|
.Op Ic left | centre | right
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set the position of the window list component of the status line: left, centre
|
|
or right justified.
|
|
.It Xo Ic status-keys
|
|
.Op Ic vi | emacs
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Use vi or emacs-style
|
|
key bindings in the status line, for example at the command prompt.
|
|
Defaults to emacs.
|
|
.It Ic status-left Ar string
|
|
Display
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
to the left of the status bar.
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
will be passed through
|
|
.Xr strftime 3
|
|
before being used.
|
|
By default, the session name is shown.
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
may contain any of the following special character pairs:
|
|
.Bl -column "Character pair" "Replaced with" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy "Character pair" Ta Sy "Replaced with"
|
|
.It Li "#(command)" Ta "First line of command's output"
|
|
.It Li "#H" Ta "Hostname of local host"
|
|
.It Li "#I" Ta "Current window index"
|
|
.It Li "#P" Ta "Current pane index"
|
|
.It Li "#S" Ta "Session name"
|
|
.It Li "#T" Ta "Current window title"
|
|
.It Li "#W" Ta "Current window name"
|
|
.It Li "##" Ta "A literal" Ql #
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Where appropriate, these may be prefixed with a number to specify the maximum
|
|
length, for example
|
|
.Ql #24T .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
By default, UTF-8 in
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
is not interpreted, to enable UTF-8, use the
|
|
.Ic status-utf8
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Ic status-left-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set the attribute of the left part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-left-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set the foreground colour of the left part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-left-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set the background colour of the left part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-left-length Ar length
|
|
Set the maximum
|
|
.Ar length
|
|
of the left component of the status bar.
|
|
The default is 10.
|
|
.It Ic status-right Ar string
|
|
Display
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
to the right of the status bar.
|
|
By default, the date and time will be shown.
|
|
As with
|
|
.Ic status-left ,
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
will be passed to
|
|
.Xr strftime 3 ,
|
|
character pairs are replaced, and UTF-8 is dependent on the
|
|
.Ic status-utf8
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Ic status-right-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set the attribute of the right part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-right-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set the foreground colour of the right part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-right-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set the background colour of the right part of the status line.
|
|
.It Ic status-right-length Ar length
|
|
Set the maximum
|
|
.Ar length
|
|
of the right component of the status bar.
|
|
The default is 40.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic status-utf8
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Instruct
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to treat top-bit-set characters in the
|
|
.Ic status-left
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic status-right
|
|
strings as UTF-8; notably, this is important for wide characters.
|
|
This option defaults to off.
|
|
.It Ic terminal-overrides Ar string
|
|
Contains a list of entries which override terminal descriptions read using
|
|
.Xr terminfo 5 .
|
|
.Ar string
|
|
is a comma-separated list of items each a colon-separated string made up of a
|
|
terminal type pattern (matched using
|
|
.Xr fnmatch 3 )
|
|
and a set of
|
|
.Em name=value
|
|
entries.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
For example, to set the
|
|
.Ql clear
|
|
.Xr terminfo 5
|
|
entry to
|
|
.Ql \ee[H\ee[2J
|
|
for all terminal types and the
|
|
.Ql dch1
|
|
entry to
|
|
.Ql \ee[P
|
|
for the
|
|
.Ql rxvt
|
|
terminal type, the option could be set to the string:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
"*:clear=\ee[H\ee[2J,rxvt:dch1=\ee[P"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The terminal entry value is passed through
|
|
.Xr strunvis 3
|
|
before interpretation.
|
|
The default value forcibly corrects the
|
|
.Ql colors
|
|
entry for terminals which support 88 or 256 colours:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
"*88col*:colors=88,*256col*:colors=256"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.It Ic update-environment Ar variables
|
|
Set a space-separated string containing a list of environment variables to be
|
|
copied into the session environment when a new session is created or an
|
|
existing session is attached.
|
|
Any variables that do not exist in the source environment are set to be
|
|
removed from the session environment (as if
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
was given to the
|
|
.Ic set-environment
|
|
command).
|
|
The default is
|
|
.Ev DISPLAY .
|
|
.It Xo Ic visual-activity
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If on, display a status line message when activity occurs in a window
|
|
for which the
|
|
.Ic monitor-activity
|
|
window option is enabled.
|
|
.It Xo Ic visual-bell
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If this option is on, a message is shown on a bell instead of it being passed
|
|
through to the terminal (which normally makes a sound).
|
|
Also see the
|
|
.Ic bell-action
|
|
option.
|
|
.It Xo Ic visual-content
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Like
|
|
.Ic visual-activity ,
|
|
display a message when content is present in a window
|
|
for which the
|
|
.Ic monitor-content
|
|
window option is enabled.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-window-option
|
|
.Op Fl agu
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Ar option Ar value
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic setw )
|
|
Set a window option.
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl a ,
|
|
.Fl g
|
|
and
|
|
.Fl u
|
|
flags work similarly to the
|
|
.Ic set-option
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Supported window options are:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
|
|
.It Xo Ic aggressive-resize
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Aggressively resize the chosen window.
|
|
This means that
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will resize the window to the size of the smallest session for which it is the
|
|
current window, rather than the smallest session to which it is attached.
|
|
The window may resize when the current window is changed on another sessions;
|
|
this option is good for full-screen programs which support
|
|
.Dv SIGWINCH
|
|
and poor for interactive programs such as shells.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic automatic-rename
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Control automatic window renaming.
|
|
When this setting is enabled,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will attempt - on supported platforms - to rename the window to reflect the
|
|
command currently running in it.
|
|
This flag is automatically disabled for an individual window when a name
|
|
is specified at creation with
|
|
.Ic new-window or
|
|
.Ic new-session ,
|
|
or later with
|
|
.Ic rename-window .
|
|
It may be switched off globally with:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
set-window-option -g automatic-rename off
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic clock-mode-colour Ar colour
|
|
Set clock colour.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic clock-mode-style
|
|
.Op Ic 12 | 24
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set clock hour format.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic force-height Ar height
|
|
.It Ic force-width Ar width
|
|
Prevent
|
|
.Nm
|
|
from resizing a window to greater than
|
|
.Ar width
|
|
or
|
|
.Ar height .
|
|
A value of zero restores the default unlimited setting.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic main-pane-width Ar width
|
|
.It Ic main-pane-height Ar height
|
|
Set the width or height of the main (left or top) pane in the
|
|
.Ic main-horizontal
|
|
or
|
|
.Ic main-vertical
|
|
layouts.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic mode-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set window modes attributes.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic mode-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set window modes background colour.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic mode-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set window modes foreground colour.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic mode-keys
|
|
.Op Ic vi | emacs
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Use vi or emacs-style key bindings in scroll, copy and choice modes.
|
|
Key bindings default to emacs.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic mode-mouse
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Mouse state in modes.
|
|
If on,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will respond to mouse clicks by moving the cursor in copy mode or selecting an
|
|
option in choice mode.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic monitor-activity
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Monitor for activity in the window.
|
|
Windows with activity are highlighted in the status line.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic monitor-content Ar match-string
|
|
Monitor content in the window.
|
|
When
|
|
.Xr fnmatch 3
|
|
pattern
|
|
.Ar match-string
|
|
appears in the window, it is highlighted in the status line.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic remain-on-exit
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
A window with this flag set is not destroyed when the program running in it
|
|
exits.
|
|
The window may be reactivated with the
|
|
.Ic respawn-window
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic utf8
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Instructs
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to expect UTF-8 sequences to appear in this window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line attributes for a single window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line background colour for a single window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line foreground colour for a single window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-current-attr Ar attributes
|
|
Set status line attributes for the currently active window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-current-bg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line background colour for the currently active window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Ic window-status-current-fg Ar colour
|
|
Set status line foreground colour for the currently active window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.It Xo Ic xterm-keys
|
|
.Op Ic on | off
|
|
.Xc
|
|
If this option is set,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
will generate
|
|
.Xr xterm 1 -style
|
|
function key sequences; these have a number included to indicate modifiers such
|
|
as Shift, Alt or Ctrl.
|
|
.El
|
|
.It Xo Ic show-options
|
|
.Op Fl g
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic show )
|
|
Show the session options for
|
|
.Ar target session ,
|
|
or the global session options with
|
|
.Fl g .
|
|
.It Xo Ic show-window-options
|
|
.Op Fl g
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic showw )
|
|
List the window options for
|
|
.Ar target-window ,
|
|
or the global window options if
|
|
.Fl g
|
|
is used.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh ENVIRONMENT
|
|
When the server is started,
|
|
.Nm
|
|
copies the environment into the
|
|
.Em global environment ;
|
|
in addition, each session has a
|
|
.Em session environment .
|
|
When a window is created, the session and global environments are merged with
|
|
the session environment overriding any variable present in both.
|
|
This is the initial environment passed to the new process.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The
|
|
.Ic update-environment
|
|
session option may be used to update the session environment from the client
|
|
when a new session is created or an old reattached.
|
|
.Nm
|
|
also initialises the
|
|
.Ev TMUX
|
|
variable with some internal information to allow commands to be executed
|
|
from inside, and the
|
|
.Ev TERM
|
|
variable with the correct terminal setting of
|
|
.Ql screen .
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands to alter and view the environment are:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-environment
|
|
.Op Fl gru
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Ar name Op Ar value
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Set or unset an environment variable.
|
|
If
|
|
.Fl g
|
|
is used, the change is made in the global environment; otherwise, it is applied
|
|
to the session environment for
|
|
.Ar target-session .
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl u
|
|
flag unsets a variable.
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
indicates the variable is to be removed from the environment before starting a
|
|
new process.
|
|
.It Xo Ic show-environment
|
|
.Op Fl g
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Display the environment for
|
|
.Ar target-session
|
|
or the global environment with
|
|
.Fl g .
|
|
Variables removed from the environment are prefixed with
|
|
.Ql - .
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh STATUS LINE
|
|
.Nm
|
|
includes an optional status line which is displayed in the bottom line of each
|
|
terminal.
|
|
By default, the status line is enabled (it may be disabled with the
|
|
.Ic status
|
|
session option) and contains, from left-to-right: the name of the current
|
|
session in square brackets; the window list; the current window title in double
|
|
quotes; and the time and date.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The status line is made of three parts: configurable left and right sections
|
|
(which may contain dynamic content such as the time or output from a shell
|
|
command, see the
|
|
.Ic status-left ,
|
|
.Ic status-left-length ,
|
|
.Ic status-right ,
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic status-right-length
|
|
options below), and a central window list.
|
|
The window list shows the index, name and (if any) flag of the windows
|
|
present in the current session in ascending numerical order.
|
|
The flag is one of the following symbols appended to the window name:
|
|
.Bl -column "Symbol" "Meaning" -offset indent
|
|
.It Sy "Symbol" Ta Sy "Meaning"
|
|
.It Li "*" Ta "Denotes the current window."
|
|
.It Li "-" Ta "Marks the last window (previously selected)."
|
|
.It Li "#" Ta "Window is monitored and activity has been detected."
|
|
.It Li "!" Ta "A bell has occurred in the window."
|
|
.It Li "+" Ta "Window is monitored for content and it has appeared."
|
|
.El
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The # symbol relates to the
|
|
.Ic monitor-activity
|
|
and + to the
|
|
.Ic monitor-content
|
|
window options.
|
|
The window name is printed in inverted colours if an alert (bell, activity or
|
|
content) is present.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The colour and attributes of the status line may be configured, the entire status line using
|
|
the
|
|
.Ic status-attr ,
|
|
.Ic status-fg
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic status-bg
|
|
session options and individual windows using the
|
|
.Ic window-status-attr ,
|
|
.Ic window-status-fg
|
|
and
|
|
.Ic window-status-bg
|
|
window options.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The status line is automatically refreshed at interval if it has changed, the interval may be
|
|
controlled with the
|
|
.Ic status-interval
|
|
session option.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands related to the status line are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Xo Ic command-prompt
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.Op Ar template
|
|
.Xc
|
|
Open the command prompt in a client.
|
|
This may be used from inside
|
|
.Nm
|
|
to execute commands interactively.
|
|
If
|
|
.Ar template
|
|
is specified, it is used as the command; any %% in the template will be
|
|
replaced by what is entered at the prompt.
|
|
.It Xo Ic confirm-before
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic confirm )
|
|
Ask for confirmation before executing
|
|
.Ar command .
|
|
This command works only from inside
|
|
.Nm .
|
|
.It Xo Ic display-message
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
.Op Ar message
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic display )
|
|
Display a message (see the
|
|
.Ic status-left
|
|
option below)
|
|
in the status line.
|
|
.It Ic select-prompt Op Fl t Ar target-client
|
|
Open a prompt inside
|
|
.Ar target-client
|
|
allowing a window index to be entered interactively.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh BUFFERS
|
|
.Nm
|
|
maintains a stack of
|
|
.Em paste buffers
|
|
for each session.
|
|
Up to the value of the
|
|
.Ic buffer-limit
|
|
option are kept; when a new buffer is added, the buffer at the bottom of the
|
|
stack is removed.
|
|
Buffers may be added using
|
|
.Ic copy-mode
|
|
or the
|
|
.Ic set-buffer
|
|
command, and pasted into a window using the
|
|
.Ic paste-buffer
|
|
command.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A configurable history buffer is also maintained for each window.
|
|
By default, up to 2000 lines are kept; this can be altered with the
|
|
.Ic history-limit
|
|
option (see the
|
|
.Ic set-option
|
|
command above).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
The buffer commands are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic clear-history Op Fl t Ar target-pane
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic clearhist )
|
|
Remove and free the history for the specified pane.
|
|
.It Xo Ic copy-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl a Ar src-index
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar dst-index
|
|
.Op Fl s Ar src-session
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar dst-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic copyb )
|
|
Copy a session paste buffer to another session.
|
|
If no sessions are specified, the current one is used instead.
|
|
.It Xo Ic delete-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic deleteb )
|
|
Delete the buffer at
|
|
.Ar buffer-index ,
|
|
or the top buffer if not specified.
|
|
.It Ic list-buffers Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lsb )
|
|
List the buffers in the given session.
|
|
.It Xo Ic load-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic loadb )
|
|
Load the contents of the specified paste buffer from
|
|
.Ar path .
|
|
.It Xo Ic paste-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl dr
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic pasteb )
|
|
Insert the contents of a paste buffer into the current window.
|
|
With
|
|
.Fl d ,
|
|
also delete the paste buffer from the stack.
|
|
When output, any linefeed (LF) characters in the paste buffer are replaced with
|
|
carriage returns (CR).
|
|
This translation may be disabled with the
|
|
.Fl r
|
|
flag.
|
|
.It Xo Ic save-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl a
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Ar path
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic saveb )
|
|
Save the contents of the specified paste buffer to
|
|
.Ar path .
|
|
The
|
|
.Fl a
|
|
option appends to rather than overwriting the file.
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Ar data
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic setb )
|
|
Set the contents of the specified buffer to
|
|
.Ar data .
|
|
.It Xo Ic show-buffer
|
|
.Op Fl b Ar buffer-index
|
|
.Op Fl t Ar target-session
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic showb )
|
|
Display the contents of the specified buffer.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh MISCELLANEOUS
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Miscellaneous commands are as follows:
|
|
.Bl -tag -width Ds
|
|
.It Ic clock-mode Op Fl t Ar target-window
|
|
Display a large clock.
|
|
.It Ic if-shell Ar shell-command command
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic if )
|
|
Execute
|
|
.Ar command
|
|
if
|
|
.Ar shell-command
|
|
returns success.
|
|
.It Ic lock-server
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic lock )
|
|
Lock the server until a password is entered.
|
|
.It Ic server-info
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic info )
|
|
Show server information and terminal details.
|
|
.It Xo Ic set-password
|
|
.Op Fl c
|
|
.Ar password
|
|
.Xc
|
|
.D1 (alias: Ic pass )
|
|
Set the server password.
|
|
If the
|
|
.Fl c
|
|
option is given, a pre-encrypted password may be specified.
|
|
By default, the password is blank, thus any entered password will be accepted
|
|
when unlocking the server (see the
|
|
.Ic lock-server
|
|
command).
|
|
To prevent variable expansion when an encrypted password is read from a
|
|
configuration file, enclose it in single quotes (').
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh FILES
|
|
.Bl -tag -width "/etc/tmux.confXXX" -compact
|
|
.It Pa ~/.tmux.conf
|
|
Default
|
|
.Nm
|
|
configuration file.
|
|
.It Pa /etc/tmux.conf
|
|
System-wide configuration file.
|
|
.El
|
|
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
|
To create a new
|
|
.Nm
|
|
session running
|
|
.Xr vi 1 :
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ tmux new-session vi
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Most commands have a shorter form, known as an alias.
|
|
For new-session, this is
|
|
.Ic new :
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ tmux new vi
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Alternatively, the shortest unambiguous form of a command is accepted.
|
|
If there are several options, they are listed:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
$ tmux n
|
|
ambiguous command: n, could be: new-session, new-window, next-window
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Within an active session, a new window may be created by typing
|
|
.Ql C-b c
|
|
(Ctrl
|
|
followed by the
|
|
.Ql b
|
|
key
|
|
followed by the
|
|
.Ql c
|
|
key).
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Windows may be navigated with:
|
|
.Ql C-b 0
|
|
(to select window 0),
|
|
.Ql C-b 1
|
|
(to select window 1), and so on;
|
|
.Ql C-b n
|
|
to select the next window; and
|
|
.Ql C-b p
|
|
to select the previous window.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
A session may be detached using
|
|
.Ql C-b d
|
|
(or by an external event such as
|
|
.Xr ssh 1
|
|
disconnection) and reattached with:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
.Dl $ tmux attach-session
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Typing
|
|
.Ql C-b \&?
|
|
lists the current key bindings in the current window; up and down may be used
|
|
to navigate the list or
|
|
.Ql q
|
|
to exit from it.
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Commands to be run when the
|
|
.Nm
|
|
server is started may be placed in the
|
|
.Pa ~/.tmux.conf
|
|
configuration file.
|
|
Common examples include:
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Changing the default prefix key:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
set-option -g prefix C-a
|
|
unbind-key C-b
|
|
bind-key C-a send-prefix
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Turning the status line off, or changing its colour:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
set-option -g status off
|
|
set-option -g status-bg blue
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Setting other options, such as the default command,
|
|
or locking after 30 minutes of inactivity:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
set-option -g default-command "exec /bin/ksh"
|
|
set-option -g lock-after-time 1800
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Pp
|
|
Creating new key bindings:
|
|
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
|
bind-key b set-option status
|
|
bind-key / command-prompt "split-window 'exec man %%'"
|
|
.Ed
|
|
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
|
.Xr pty 4
|
|
.Sh AUTHORS
|
|
.An Nicholas Marriott Aq nicm@users.sourceforge.net
|