[#347] zfscmd + zfs: define .Start() semantics, apply to call sites in pkg zfs

fixes #347

zfs/versions.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
@@ -218,14 +219,23 @@ func ZFSListFilesystemVersions(ctx context.Context, fs *DatasetPath, options Lis
 	promTimer := prometheus.NewTimer(prom.ZFSListFilesystemVersionDuration.WithLabelValues(fs.ToString()))
 	defer promTimer.ObserveDuration()
 
+	// Note: we don't create a separate trace.Task here because our loop that consumes
+	// the goroutine's output doesn't use ctx.
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
-	defer cancel()
-	go ZFSListChan(ctx, listResults,
-		[]string{"name", "guid", "createtxg", "creation", "userrefs"},
-		fs,
-		"-r", "-d", "1",
-		"-t", options.typesFlagArgs(),
-		"-s", "createtxg", fs.ToString())
+	// make sure the goroutine doesn't outlive this function call
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(1)
+	defer wg.Wait()
+	defer cancel() // on exit, cancel list process before waiting for it
+	go func() {
+		defer wg.Done()
+		ZFSListChan(ctx, listResults,
+			[]string{"name", "guid", "createtxg", "creation", "userrefs"},
+			fs,
+			"-r", "-d", "1",
+			"-t", options.typesFlagArgs(),
+			"-s", "createtxg", fs.ToString())
+	}()
 
 	res = make([]FilesystemVersion, 0)
 	for listResult := range listResults {

zfs/zfs.go

@@ -173,6 +173,8 @@ func ZFSList(ctx context.Context, properties []string, zfsArgs ...string) (res [
 		"-o", strings.Join(properties, ","))
 	args = append(args, zfsArgs...)
 
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	defer cancel()
 	cmd := zfscmd.CommandContext(ctx, ZFS_BINARY, args...)
 	stdout, stderrBuf, err := cmd.StdoutPipeWithErrorBuf()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -182,6 +184,11 @@ func ZFSList(ctx context.Context, properties []string, zfsArgs ...string) (res [
 	if err = cmd.Start(); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	// in case we return early, we want to kill the zfs list process and wait for it to exit
+	defer func() {
+		_ = cmd.Wait()
+	}()
+	defer cancel()
 
 	s := bufio.NewScanner(stdout)
 	buf := make([]byte, 1024)
@@ -244,6 +251,8 @@ func ZFSListChan(ctx context.Context, out chan ZFSListResult, properties []strin
 		}
 	}
 
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	defer cancel()
 	cmd := zfscmd.CommandContext(ctx, ZFS_BINARY, args...)
 	stdout, stderrBuf, err := cmd.StdoutPipeWithErrorBuf()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -259,6 +268,7 @@ func ZFSListChan(ctx context.Context, out chan ZFSListResult, properties []strin
 		// in which case we'll return an 'unexpected output' error and not the exit status
 		_ = cmd.Wait()
 	}()
+	defer cancel() // in case we return before our regular call to cmd.Wait(), kill the zfs list process
 
 	s := bufio.NewScanner(stdout)
 	buf := make([]byte, 1024) // max line length

zfs/zfscmd/zfscmd.go

@@ -79,6 +79,13 @@ func (c *Cmd) log() Logger {
 	return getLogger(c.ctx).WithField("cmd", c.String())
 }
 
+// Start the command.
+//
+// This creates a new trace.WithTask as a child task of the ctx passed to CommandContext.
+// If the process is successfully started (err == nil), it is the CALLER'S RESPONSIBILITY to ensure that
+// the spawned process does not outlive the ctx's trace.Task.
+//
+// If this method returns an error, the Cmd instance is invalid. Start must not be called repeatedly.
 func (c *Cmd) Start() (err error) {
 	c.startPre(true)
 	err = c.cmd.Start()
@@ -86,7 +93,9 @@ func (c *Cmd) Start() (err error) {
 	return err
 }
 
-// only call this after a successful call to .Start()
+// Get the underlying os.Process.
+//
+// Only call this method after a successful call to .Start().
 func (c *Cmd) Process() *os.Process {
 	if c.startedAt.IsZero() {
 		panic("calling Process() only allowed after successful call to Start()")
@@ -94,6 +103,10 @@ func (c *Cmd) Process() *os.Process {
 	return c.cmd.Process
 }
 
+// Blocking wait for the process to exit.
+// May be called concurrently and repeatly (exec.Cmd.Wait() semantics apply).
+//
+// Only call this method after a successful call to .Start().
 func (c *Cmd) Wait() (err error) {
 	c.waitPre()
 	err = c.cmd.Wait()