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httpie-cli/httpie/cli.py

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"""CLI arguments definition.
NOTE: the CLI interface may change before reaching v1.0.
"""
# noinspection PyCompatibility
from argparse import (
RawDescriptionHelpFormatter, FileType,
OPTIONAL, ZERO_OR_MORE, SUPPRESS
)
from textwrap import dedent, wrap
from httpie import __doc__, __version__
from httpie.input import (
HTTPieArgumentParser, KeyValueArgType,
SEP_PROXY, SEP_GROUP_ALL_ITEMS,
OUT_REQ_HEAD, OUT_REQ_BODY, OUT_RESP_HEAD,
OUT_RESP_BODY, OUTPUT_OPTIONS,
OUTPUT_OPTIONS_DEFAULT, PRETTY_MAP,
PRETTY_STDOUT_TTY_ONLY, SessionNameValidator,
readable_file_arg, SSL_VERSION_ARG_MAPPING
)
from httpie.output.formatters.colors import (
AVAILABLE_STYLES, DEFAULT_STYLE, AUTO_STYLE
)
from httpie.plugins import plugin_manager
from httpie.plugins.builtin import BuiltinAuthPlugin
from httpie.sessions import DEFAULT_SESSIONS_DIR
class HTTPieHelpFormatter(RawDescriptionHelpFormatter):
"""A nicer help formatter.
Help for arguments can be indented and contain new lines.
It will be de-dented and arguments in the help
will be separated by a blank line for better readability.
"""
def __init__(self, max_help_position=6, *args, **kwargs):
# A smaller indent for args help.
kwargs['max_help_position'] = max_help_position
super(HTTPieHelpFormatter, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def _split_lines(self, text, width):
text = dedent(text).strip() + '\n\n'
return text.splitlines()
parser = HTTPieArgumentParser(
prog='http',
formatter_class=HTTPieHelpFormatter,
description='%s <http://httpie.org>' % __doc__.strip(),
epilog=dedent("""
For every --OPTION there is also a --no-OPTION that reverts OPTION
to its default value.
Suggestions and bug reports are greatly appreciated:
https://github.com/jakubroztocil/httpie/issues
"""),
)
#######################################################################
# Positional arguments.
#######################################################################
positional = parser.add_argument_group(
title='Positional Arguments',
description=dedent("""
These arguments come after any flags and in the order they are listed here.
Only URL is required.
""")
)
positional.add_argument(
'method',
metavar='METHOD',
nargs=OPTIONAL,
default=None,
help="""
The HTTP method to be used for the request (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, ...).
This argument can be omitted in which case HTTPie will use POST if there
is some data to be sent, otherwise GET:
$ http example.org # => GET
$ http example.org hello=world # => POST
"""
)
positional.add_argument(
'url',
metavar='URL',
help="""
The scheme defaults to 'http://' if the URL does not include one.
(You can override this with: --default-scheme=https)
You can also use a shorthand for localhost
$ http :3000 # => http://localhost:3000
$ http :/foo # => http://localhost/foo
"""
)
positional.add_argument(
'items',
metavar='REQUEST_ITEM',
nargs=ZERO_OR_MORE,
default=None,
type=KeyValueArgType(*SEP_GROUP_ALL_ITEMS),
help=r"""
Optional key-value pairs to be included in the request. The separator used
determines the type:
':' HTTP headers:
Referer:http://httpie.org Cookie:foo=bar User-Agent:bacon/1.0
'==' URL parameters to be appended to the request URI:
search==httpie
'=' Data fields to be serialized into a JSON object (with --json, -j)
or form data (with --form, -f):
name=HTTPie language=Python description='CLI HTTP client'
':=' Non-string JSON data fields (only with --json, -j):
awesome:=true amount:=42 colors:='["red", "green", "blue"]'
'@' Form file fields (only with --form, -f):
cs@~/Documents/CV.pdf
'=@' A data field like '=', but takes a file path and embeds its content:
essay=@Documents/essay.txt
':=@' A raw JSON field like ':=', but takes a file path and embeds its content:
package:=@./package.json
You can use a backslash to escape a colliding separator in the field name:
field-name-with\:colon=value
"""
)
#######################################################################
# Content type.
#######################################################################
content_type = parser.add_argument_group(
title='Predefined Content Types',
description=None
)
content_type.add_argument(
'--json', '-j',
action='store_true',
help="""
(default) Data items from the command line are serialized as a JSON object.
The Content-Type and Accept headers are set to application/json
(if not specified).
"""
)
content_type.add_argument(
'--form', '-f',
action='store_true',
help="""
Data items from the command line are serialized as form fields.
The Content-Type is set to application/x-www-form-urlencoded (if not
specified). The presence of any file fields results in a
multipart/form-data request.
"""
)
#######################################################################
# Output processing
#######################################################################
output_processing = parser.add_argument_group(title='Output Processing')
output_processing.add_argument(
'--pretty',
dest='prettify',
default=PRETTY_STDOUT_TTY_ONLY,
choices=sorted(PRETTY_MAP.keys()),
help="""
Controls output processing. The value can be "none" to not prettify
the output (default for redirected output), "all" to apply both colors
and formatting (default for terminal output), "colors", or "format".
"""
)
output_processing.add_argument(
'--style', '-s',
dest='style',
metavar='STYLE',
default=DEFAULT_STYLE,
choices=AVAILABLE_STYLES,
help="""
Output coloring style (default is "{default}"). One of:
{available_styles}
The "{auto_style}" style follows your terminal's ANSI color styles.
For non-{auto_style} styles to work properly, please make sure that the
$TERM environment variable is set to "xterm-256color" or similar
(e.g., via `export TERM=xterm-256color' in your ~/.bashrc).
""".format(
default=DEFAULT_STYLE,
available_styles='\n'.join(
'{0}{1}'.format(8 * ' ', line.strip())
for line in wrap(', '.join(sorted(AVAILABLE_STYLES)), 60)
).rstrip(),
auto_style=AUTO_STYLE,
)
)
#######################################################################
# Output options
#######################################################################
output_options = parser.add_argument_group(title='Output Options')
output_options.add_argument(
'--print', '-p',
dest='output_options',
metavar='WHAT',
help="""
String specifying what the output should contain:
'{req_head}' request headers
'{req_body}' request body
'{res_head}' response headers
'{res_body}' response body
The default behaviour is '{default}' (i.e., the response headers and body
is printed), if standard output is not redirected. If the output is piped
to another program or to a file, then only the response body is printed
by default.
"""
.format(
req_head=OUT_REQ_HEAD,
req_body=OUT_REQ_BODY,
res_head=OUT_RESP_HEAD,
res_body=OUT_RESP_BODY,
default=OUTPUT_OPTIONS_DEFAULT,
)
)
output_options.add_argument(
'--headers', '-h',
dest='output_options',
action='store_const',
const=OUT_RESP_HEAD,
help="""
Print only the response headers. Shortcut for --print={0}.
"""
.format(OUT_RESP_HEAD)
)
output_options.add_argument(
'--body', '-b',
dest='output_options',
action='store_const',
const=OUT_RESP_BODY,
help="""
Print only the response body. Shortcut for --print={0}.
"""
.format(OUT_RESP_BODY)
)
output_options.add_argument(
'--verbose', '-v',
dest='verbose',
action='store_true',
help="""
Verbose output. Print the whole request as well as the response. Also print
any intermediary requests/responses (such as redirects).
It's a shortcut for: --all --print={0}
"""
.format(''.join(OUTPUT_OPTIONS))
)
output_options.add_argument(
'--all',
default=False,
action='store_true',
help="""
By default, only the final request/response is shown. Use this flag to show
any intermediary requests/responses as well. Intermediary requests include
followed redirects (with --follow), the first unauthorized request when
Digest auth is used (--auth=digest), etc.
"""
)
output_options.add_argument(
'--history-print', '-P',
dest='output_options_history',
metavar='WHAT',
help="""
The same as --print, -p but applies only to intermediary requests/responses
(such as redirects) when their inclusion is enabled with --all. If this
options is not specified, then they are formatted the same way as the final
response.
"""
)
output_options.add_argument(
'--stream', '-S',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help="""
Always stream the output by line, i.e., behave like `tail -f'.
Without --stream and with --pretty (either set or implied),
HTTPie fetches the whole response before it outputs the processed data.
Set this option when you want to continuously display a prettified
long-lived response, such as one from the Twitter streaming API.
It is useful also without --pretty: It ensures that the output is flushed
more often and in smaller chunks.
"""
)
output_options.add_argument(
'--output', '-o',
type=FileType('a+b'),
dest='output_file',
metavar='FILE',
help="""
Save output to FILE instead of stdout. If --download is also set, then only
the response body is saved to FILE. Other parts of the HTTP exchange are
printed to stderr.
"""
)
output_options.add_argument(
'--download', '-d',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help="""
Do not print the response body to stdout. Rather, download it and store it
in a file. The filename is guessed unless specified with --output
[filename]. This action is similar to the default behaviour of wget.
"""
)
output_options.add_argument(
'--continue', '-c',
dest='download_resume',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help="""
Resume an interrupted download. Note that the --output option needs to be
specified as well.
"""
)
#######################################################################
# Sessions
#######################################################################
sessions = parser.add_argument_group(title='Sessions')\
.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=False)
session_name_validator = SessionNameValidator(
'Session name contains invalid characters.'
)
sessions.add_argument(
'--session',
metavar='SESSION_NAME_OR_PATH',
type=session_name_validator,
help="""
Create, or reuse and update a session. Within a session, custom headers,
auth credential, as well as any cookies sent by the server persist between
requests.
Session files are stored in:
{session_dir}/<HOST>/<SESSION_NAME>.json.
"""
.format(session_dir=DEFAULT_SESSIONS_DIR)
)
sessions.add_argument(
'--session-read-only',
metavar='SESSION_NAME_OR_PATH',
type=session_name_validator,
help="""
Create or read a session without updating it form the request/response
exchange.
"""
)
#######################################################################
# Authentication
#######################################################################
# ``requests.request`` keyword arguments.
auth = parser.add_argument_group(title='Authentication')
auth.add_argument(
'--auth', '-a',
default=None,
metavar='USER[:PASS]',
help="""
If only the username is provided (-a username), HTTPie will prompt
for the password.
""",
)
class _AuthTypeLazyChoices(object):
# Needed for plugin testing
def __contains__(self, item):
return item in plugin_manager.get_auth_plugin_mapping()
def __iter__(self):
return iter(sorted(plugin_manager.get_auth_plugin_mapping().keys()))
_auth_plugins = plugin_manager.get_auth_plugins()
auth.add_argument(
'--auth-type', '-A',
choices=_AuthTypeLazyChoices(),
default=None,
help="""
The authentication mechanism to be used. Defaults to "{default}".
{types}
"""
.format(default=_auth_plugins[0].auth_type, types='\n '.join(
'"{type}": {name}{package}{description}'.format(
type=plugin.auth_type,
name=plugin.name,
package=(
'' if issubclass(plugin, BuiltinAuthPlugin)
else ' (provided by %s)' % plugin.package_name
),
description=(
'' if not plugin.description else
'\n ' + ('\n '.join(wrap(plugin.description)))
)
)
for plugin in _auth_plugins
)),
)
#######################################################################
# Network
#######################################################################
network = parser.add_argument_group(title='Network')
network.add_argument(
'--proxy',
default=[],
action='append',
metavar='PROTOCOL:PROXY_URL',
type=KeyValueArgType(SEP_PROXY),
help="""
String mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy
(e.g. http:http://foo.bar:3128). You can specify multiple proxies with
different protocols.
"""
)
network.add_argument(
'--follow', '-F',
default=False,
action='store_true',
help="""
Follow 30x Location redirects.
"""
)
network.add_argument(
'--max-redirects',
type=int,
default=30,
help="""
By default, requests have a limit of 30 redirects (works with --follow).
"""
)
network.add_argument(
'--max-headers',
type=int,
default=0,
help="""
The maximum number of response headers to be read before giving up
(default 0, i.e., no limit).
"""
)
network.add_argument(
'--timeout',
type=float,
default=0,
metavar='SECONDS',
help="""
The connection timeout of the request in seconds.
The default value is 0, i.e., there is no timeout limit.
This is not a time limit on the entire response download;
rather, an error is reported if the server has not issued a response for
timeout seconds (more precisely, if no bytes have been received on
the underlying socket for timeout seconds).
"""
)
network.add_argument(
'--check-status',
default=False,
action='store_true',
help="""
By default, HTTPie exits with 0 when no network or other fatal errors
occur. This flag instructs HTTPie to also check the HTTP status code and
exit with an error if the status indicates one.
When the server replies with a 4xx (Client Error) or 5xx (Server Error)
status code, HTTPie exits with 4 or 5 respectively. If the response is a
3xx (Redirect) and --follow hasn't been set, then the exit status is 3.
Also an error message is written to stderr if stdout is redirected.
"""
)
#######################################################################
# SSL
#######################################################################
ssl = parser.add_argument_group(title='SSL')
ssl.add_argument(
'--verify',
default='yes',
help="""
Set to "no" (or "false") to skip checking the host's SSL certificate.
Defaults to "yes" ("true"). You can also pass the path to a CA_BUNDLE file
for private certs. (Or you can set the REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE environment
variable instead.)
"""
)
ssl.add_argument(
'--ssl', # TODO: Maybe something more general, such as --secure-protocol?
dest='ssl_version',
choices=list(sorted(SSL_VERSION_ARG_MAPPING.keys())),
help="""
The desired protocol version to use. This will default to
SSL v2.3 which will negotiate the highest protocol that both
the server and your installation of OpenSSL support. Available protocols
may vary depending on OpenSSL installation (only the supported ones
are shown here).
"""
)
ssl.add_argument(
'--cert',
default=None,
type=readable_file_arg,
help="""
You can specify a local cert to use as client side SSL certificate.
This file may either contain both private key and certificate or you may
specify --cert-key separately.
"""
)
ssl.add_argument(
'--cert-key',
default=None,
type=readable_file_arg,
help="""
The private key to use with SSL. Only needed if --cert is given and the
certificate file does not contain the private key.
"""
)
#######################################################################
# Troubleshooting
#######################################################################
troubleshooting = parser.add_argument_group(title='Troubleshooting')
troubleshooting.add_argument(
'--ignore-stdin', '-I',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help="""
Do not attempt to read stdin.
"""
)
troubleshooting.add_argument(
'--help',
action='help',
default=SUPPRESS,
help="""
Show this help message and exit.
"""
)
troubleshooting.add_argument(
'--version',
action='version',
version=__version__,
help="""
Show version and exit.
"""
)
troubleshooting.add_argument(
'--traceback',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help="""
Prints the exception traceback should one occur.
"""
)
troubleshooting.add_argument(
'--default-scheme',
default="http",
help="""
The default scheme to use if not specified in the URL.
"""
)
troubleshooting.add_argument(
'--debug',
action='store_true',
default=False,
help="""
Prints the exception traceback should one occur, as well as other
information useful for debugging HTTPie itself and for reporting bugs.
"""
)
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