nixos-installer/lib/setup-scripts/install.sh
Niklas Gollenstede dd8fc696f4 improve installation scripting:
further improve scripting robustness, add fs.disks.devices.partitionDuringInstallation, ad fs.zfs.datasets.*.recursiveProps, add deploy-system-to-hetzner-vps install script
2023-05-02 02:13:24 +02:00

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##
# NixOS Installation
##
## Entry point to the installation, see »./README.md«.
function install-system {( # 1: diskPaths
trap - EXIT # start with empty traps for sub-shell
prepare-installer "$@" || exit
do-disk-setup "$1" || exit
install-system-to $mnt || exit
)}
## Does some argument validation, performs some sanity checks, includes a hack to make installation work when nix isn't installed for root, and runs the installation in qemu (if requested).
function prepare-installer { # 1: diskPaths
: ${1:?"The first positional argument must specify the path(s) to the disk(s) and/or image file(s) to install to"}
umask g-w,o-w # Ensure that files created without explicit permissions are not writable for group and other (0022).
if [[ "$(id -u)" != '0' ]] ; then
if [[ ! ${args[no-vm]:-} ]] ; then reexec-in-qemu "$@" || return ; \exit 0 ; fi
echo 'Script must be run as root or in qemu (without »--no-vm«).' 1>&2 ; \return 1
fi
if [[ ${args[vm]:-} ]] ; then reexec-in-qemu "$@" || return ; \exit 0 ; fi
if [[ -e "/run/keystore-@{config.networking.hostName!hashString.sha256:0:8}" ]] ; then echo "Keystore »/run/keystore-@{config.networking.hostName!hashString.sha256:0:8}/« is already open. Close it and remove the mountpoint before running the installer." 1>&2 ; \return 1 ; fi
# (partitions are checked in »partition-disks« once the target devices are known)
local luksName ; for luksName in "@{!config.boot.initrd.luks.devices!catAttrSets.device[@]}" ; do
if [[ -e "/dev/mapper/$luksName" ]] ; then echo "LUKS device mapping »$luksName« is already open. Close it before running the installer." 1>&2 ; \return 1 ; fi
done
local poolName ; for poolName in "@{!config.wip.fs.zfs.pools[@]}" ; do
if @{native.zfs}/bin/zfs get -o value -H name "$poolName" &>/dev/null ; then echo "ZFS pool »$poolName« is already imported. Export the pool before running the installer." 1>&2 ; \return 1 ; fi
done
if [[ ${SUDO_USER:-} && $( PATH=$hostPath which su 2>/dev/null ) ]] ; then # use Nix as the user who called this script, as Nix may not be set up for root
function nix {( set +x ; declare -a args=("$@") ; PATH=$hostPath su - "$SUDO_USER" -c "$(declare -p args)"' ; nix "${args[@]}"' )}
else # use Nix by absolute path, as it won't be on »$PATH«
PATH=$PATH:@{native.nix}/bin
fi
_set_x='set -x' ; if [[ ${args[quiet]:-} ]] ; then _set_x=: ; fi
}
## Re-executes the current system's installation in a qemu VM.
function reexec-in-qemu {
if [[ @{pkgs.buildPackages.system} != "@{native.system}" ]] ; then echo "VM installation (implicit when not running as root) of a system built on a different ISA than the current host's is not supported (yet)." 1>&2 ; \return 1 ; fi
# (not sure whether this works for block devices)
ensure-disks "$1" 1 || return
qemu=( -m 2048 ) ; declare -A qemuDevs=( )
local index=2 ; local name ; for name in "${!blockDevs[@]}" ; do
#if [[ ${blockDevs[$name]} != /dev/* ]] ; then
qemu+=( # not sure how correct the interpretations of the command are
-drive format=raw,file="$( realpath "${blockDevs[$name]}" )",media=disk,if=none,index=${index},id=drive${index} # create the disk drive, without attaching it, name it driveX
#-device ahci,acpi-index=${index},id=ahci${index} # create an (ich9-)AHCI bus named »ahciX«
#-device ide-hd,drive=drive${index},bus=ahci${index}.${index} # attach IDE?! disk driveX as device X on bus »ahciX«
-device virtio-blk-pci,drive=drive${index},disable-modern=on,disable-legacy=off # alternative to the two lines above (implies to be faster, but seems to require guest drivers)
)
qemuDevs[$name]=/dev/vd$( printf "\x$(printf %x $(( index - 1 + 97 )) )" ) # a is used by the (unused) root disk
let index+=1
done
args[vm]='' ; args[no-vm]=1
newArgs=( ) ; for arg in "${!args[@]}" ; do newArgs+=( --"$arg"="${args[$arg]}" ) ; done
devSpec= ; for name in "${!qemuDevs[@]}" ; do devSpec+="$name"="${qemuDevs[$name]}": ; done
newArgs+=( ${devSpec%:} ) ; shift ; (( $# == 0 )) || args+=( "$@" ) # (( ${#argv[@]} > 1 )) && args+=( "${argv[@]:1}" )
#local output=@{inputs.self}'#'nixosConfigurations.@{outputName:?}.config.system.build.vmExec
local output=@{config.system.build.vmExec.drvPath!unsafeDiscardStringContext} # this is more accurate, but also means another system needs to get evaluated every time
local scripts=$0 ; if [[ @{pkgs.system} != "@{native.system}" ]] ; then
scripts=$( build-lazy @{inputs.self}'#'apps.@{pkgs.system}.@{outputName:?}.derivation ) || return
fi
local command="$scripts install-system $( printf '%q ' "${newArgs[@]}" ) || exit"
local runInVm ; runInVm=$( build-lazy $output )/bin/run-@{config.system.name}-vm-exec || return
$runInVm ${args[vm-shared]:+--shared="${args[vm-shared]}"} ${args[debug]:+--initrd-console} ${args[trace]:+--initrd-console} ${args[quiet]:+--quiet} -- "$command" "${qemu[@]}" || return # --initrd-console
}
## The default command that will activate the system and install the bootloader. In a separate function to make it easy to replace.
function nixos-install-cmd {( # 1: mnt, 2: topLevel
# »nixos-install« by default does some stateful things (see »--no-root-passwd« »--no-channel-copy«), builds and copies the system config, registers the system (»nix-env --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system --set $targetSystem«), and then calls »NIXOS_INSTALL_BOOTLOADER=1 nixos-enter -- $topLevel/bin/switch-to-configuration boot«, which is essentially the same as »NIXOS_INSTALL_BOOTLOADER=1 nixos-enter -- @{config.system.build.installBootLoader} $targetSystem«, i.e. the side effects of »nixos-enter« and then calling the bootloader-installer.
#PATH=@{native.nix}/bin:$PATH:@{config.systemd.package}/bin TMPDIR=/tmp LC_ALL=C @{native.nixos-install-tools}/bin/nixos-install --system "$2" --no-root-passwd --no-channel-copy --root "$1" || exit # We did most of this, so just install the bootloader:
export NIXOS_INSTALL_BOOTLOADER=1 # tells some bootloader installers (systemd & grub) to not skip parts of the installation
#( export LC_ALL=C ; PATH=$PATH:@{native.util-linux}/bin:@{native.nixos-install-tools}/bin/ ; ${_set_x:-:} ; nixos-enter --silent --root "$1" -- @{config.system.build.installBootLoader} "$2" ) || exit
LC_ALL=C PATH=$PATH:@{native.util-linux}/bin @{native.nixos-install-tools}/bin/nixos-enter --silent --root "$1" -c "${_set_x:-:} ; @{config.system.build.installBootLoader} $2" || exit
)}
## Copies the system's dependencies to the disks mounted at »$mnt« and installs the bootloader. If »$inspect« is set, a root shell will be opened in »$mnt« afterwards.
# »$topLevel« may point to an alternative top-level dependency to install.
function install-system-to {( set -u # 1: mnt
mnt=$1 ; topLevel=${2:-}
targetSystem=${args[toplevel]:-@{config.system.build.toplevel}}
beLoud=/dev/null ; if [[ ${args[debug]:-} ]] ; then beLoud=/dev/stdout ; fi
beSilent=/dev/stderr ; if [[ ${args[quiet]:-} ]] ; then beSilent=/dev/null ; fi
trap - EXIT # start with empty traps for sub-shell
# Link/create files that some tooling expects:
mkdir -p -m 755 $mnt/nix/var/nix || exit ; mkdir -p -m 1775 $mnt/nix/store || exit
mkdir -p $mnt/etc $mnt/run || exit ; mkdir -p -m 1777 $mnt/tmp || exit
@{native.util-linux}/bin/mount tmpfs -t tmpfs $mnt/run || exit ; prepend_trap "@{native.util-linux}/bin/umount -l $mnt/run" EXIT || exit # If there isn't anything mounted here, »activate« will mount a tmpfs (inside »nixos-enter«'s private mount namespace). That would hide the additions below.
[[ -e $mnt/etc/NIXOS ]] || touch $mnt/etc/NIXOS || exit # for »switch-to-configuration«
[[ -e $mnt/etc/mtab ]] || ln -sfn /proc/mounts $mnt/etc/mtab || exit
ln -sT $( realpath $targetSystem ) $mnt/run/current-system || exit
#mkdir -p /nix/var/nix/db # »nixos-containers« requires this but nothing creates it before nix is used. BUT »nixos-enter« screams: »/nix/var/nix/db exists and is not a regular file.«
# If the system configuration is supposed to be somewhere on the system, might as well initialize that:
if [[ @{config.environment.etc.nixos.source:-} && @{config.environment.etc.nixos.source} != /nix/store/* && @{config.environment.etc.nixos.source} != /run/current-system/config && ! -e $mnt/@{config.environment.etc.nixos.source} && -e $targetSystem/config ]] ; then
mkdir -p -- $mnt/@{config.environment.etc.nixos.source} || exit
cp -at $mnt/@{config.environment.etc.nixos.source} -- $targetSystem/config/* || exit
chown -R 0:0 $mnt/@{config.environment.etc.nixos.source} || exit
chmod -R u+w $mnt/@{config.environment.etc.nixos.source} || exit
fi
# Support cross architecture installation (not sure if this is actually required)
if [[ $(cat /run/current-system/system 2>/dev/null || echo "x86_64-linux") != "@{config.wip.preface.hardware}"-linux ]] ; then
mkdir -p $mnt/run/binfmt || exit ; [[ ! -e /run/binfmt/"@{config.wip.preface.hardware}"-linux ]] || cp -a {,$mnt}/run/binfmt/"@{config.wip.preface.hardware}"-linux || exit # On NixOS, this is a symlink or wrapper script, pointing to the store.
# Ubuntu (20.04, by default) uses a statically linked, already loaded qemu binary (F-flag), which therefore does not need to be reference-able from within the chroot.
fi
# Copy system closure to new nix store:
if [[ ${SUDO_USER:-} ]] ; then chown -R $SUDO_USER: $mnt/nix/store $mnt/nix/var || exit ; fi
cmd=( nix --extra-experimental-features nix-command --offline copy --no-check-sigs --to $mnt ${topLevel:-$targetSystem} )
if [[ ${args[quiet]:-} ]] ; then
"${cmd[@]}" --quiet >/dev/null 2> >( grep -Pe '^error:' || true ) || exit
elif [[ ${args[quiet]:-} ]] ; then
( set -x ; time "${cmd[@]}" ) || exit
else
( set -x ; "${cmd[@]}" ) || exit
fi
rm -rf $mnt/nix/var/nix/gcroots || exit
# TODO: if the target has @{config.nix.settings.auto-optimise-store} and the host doesn't (there is no .links dir?), optimize now
if [[ ${SUDO_USER:-} ]] ; then chown -R root:root $mnt/nix $mnt/nix/var || exit ; chown :30000 $mnt/nix/store || exit ; fi
# Set this as the initial system generation (in case »nixos-install-cmd« won't):
# (does about the same as »nix-env --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system --set $targetSystem«)
mkdir -p -m 755 $mnt/nix/var/nix/{profiles,gcroots}/per-user/root/ || exit
ln -sT $(realpath $targetSystem) $mnt/nix/var/nix/profiles/system-1-link || exit
ln -sT system-1-link $mnt/nix/var/nix/profiles/system || exit
ln -sT /nix/var/nix/profiles $mnt/nix/var/nix/gcroots/profiles || exit
# Run the main install command (primarily for the bootloader):
@{native.util-linux}/bin/mount -o bind,ro /nix/store $mnt/nix/store || exit ; prepend_trap '! @{native.util-linux}/bin/mountpoint -q $mnt/nix/store || @{native.util-linux}/bin/umount -l $mnt/nix/store' EXIT || exit # all the things required to _run_ the system are copied, but (may) need some more things to initially install it and/or enter the chroot (like qemu, see above)
run-hook-script 'Pre Installation' @{config.wip.fs.disks.preInstallCommands!writeText.preInstallCommands} || exit
code=0 ; nixos-install-cmd $mnt "${topLevel:-$targetSystem}" >$beLoud 2>$beSilent || code=$?
run-hook-script 'Post Installation' @{config.wip.fs.disks.postInstallCommands!writeText.postInstallCommands} || exit
# Done!
if [[ ${args[no-inspect]:-} ]] ; then
if (( code != 0 )) ; then \exit $code ; fi
elif [[ ${args[inspect-cmd]:-} ]] ; then
if (( code != 0 )) ; then \exit $code ; fi
eval "${args[inspect-cmd]}" || exit
else
if (( code != 0 )) ; then
( set +x ; echo "Something went wrong in the last step of the installation. Inspect the output above and the mounted system in this chroot shell to decide whether it is critical. Exit the shell with 0 to proceed, or non-zero to abort." 1>&2 )
else
( set +x ; echo "Installation done! This shell is in a chroot in the mounted system for inspection. Exiting the shell will unmount the system." 1>&2 )
fi
LC_ALL=C PATH=$PATH:@{native.util-linux}/bin @{native.nixos-install-tools}/bin/nixos-enter --root $mnt -- /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/sw/bin/bash -c 'source /etc/set-environment ; exec bash --login' || exit # +o monitor
fi
mkdir -p $mnt/var/lib/systemd/timesync && touch $mnt/var/lib/systemd/timesync/clock || true # save current time
)}