nushell/crates/nu-command/src/filesystem/watch.rs

use notify_debouncer_full::{
    new_debouncer,
    notify::{
        event::{DataChange, ModifyKind, RenameMode},
        EventKind, RecursiveMode, Watcher,
    },
};
use nu_engine::{command_prelude::*, current_dir, get_eval_block};
use nu_protocol::{
    engine::{Closure, StateWorkingSet},
    format_error,
};
use std::{
    path::PathBuf,
    sync::mpsc::{channel, RecvTimeoutError},
    time::Duration,
};

// durations chosen mostly arbitrarily
const CHECK_CTRL_C_FREQUENCY: Duration = Duration::from_millis(100);
const DEFAULT_WATCH_DEBOUNCE_DURATION: Duration = Duration::from_millis(100);

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct Watch;

impl Command for Watch {
    fn name(&self) -> &str {
        "watch"
    }

    fn usage(&self) -> &str {
        "Watch for file changes and execute Nu code when they happen."
    }

    fn search_terms(&self) -> Vec<&str> {
        vec!["watcher", "reload", "filesystem"]
    }

    fn signature(&self) -> nu_protocol::Signature {
        Signature::build("watch")
        .input_output_types(vec![(Type::Nothing, Type::Table(vec![]))])
            .required("path", SyntaxShape::Filepath, "The path to watch. Can be a file or directory.")
            .required("closure",
            SyntaxShape::Closure(Some(vec![SyntaxShape::String, SyntaxShape::String, SyntaxShape::String])),
                "Some Nu code to run whenever a file changes. The closure will be passed `operation`, `path`, and `new_path` (for renames only) arguments in that order.")
            .named(
                "debounce-ms",
                SyntaxShape::Int,
                "Debounce changes for this many milliseconds (default: 100). Adjust if you find that single writes are reported as multiple events",
                Some('d'),
            )
            .named(
                "glob",
                SyntaxShape::String, // SyntaxShape::GlobPattern gets interpreted relative to cwd, so use String instead
                "Only report changes for files that match this glob pattern (default: all files)",
                Some('g'),
            )
            .named(
                "recursive",
                SyntaxShape::Boolean,
                "Watch all directories under `<path>` recursively. Will be ignored if `<path>` is a file (default: true)",
                Some('r'),
            )
            .switch("verbose", "Operate in verbose mode (default: false)", Some('v'))
            .category(Category::FileSystem)
    }

    fn run(
        &self,
        engine_state: &EngineState,
        stack: &mut Stack,
        call: &Call,
        _input: PipelineData,
    ) -> Result<PipelineData, ShellError> {
        let cwd = current_dir(engine_state, stack)?;
        let path_arg: Spanned<String> = call.req(engine_state, stack, 0)?;

        let path_no_whitespace = &path_arg
            .item
            .trim_end_matches(|x| matches!(x, '\x09'..='\x0d'));

        let path = match nu_path::canonicalize_with(path_no_whitespace, cwd) {
            Ok(p) => p,
            Err(_) => {
                return Err(ShellError::DirectoryNotFound {
                    dir: path_no_whitespace.to_string(),
                    span: path_arg.span,
                })
            }
        };

        let capture_block: Closure = call.req(engine_state, stack, 1)?;
        let block = engine_state
            .clone()
            .get_block(capture_block.block_id)
            .clone();

        let verbose = call.has_flag(engine_state, stack, "verbose")?;

        let debounce_duration_flag: Option<Spanned<i64>> =
            call.get_flag(engine_state, stack, "debounce-ms")?;
        let debounce_duration = match debounce_duration_flag {
            Some(val) => match u64::try_from(val.item) {
                Ok(val) => Duration::from_millis(val),
                Err(_) => {
                    return Err(ShellError::TypeMismatch {
                        err_message: "Debounce duration is invalid".to_string(),
                        span: val.span,
                    })
                }
            },
            None => DEFAULT_WATCH_DEBOUNCE_DURATION,
        };

        let glob_flag: Option<Spanned<String>> = call.get_flag(engine_state, stack, "glob")?;
        let glob_pattern = match glob_flag {
            Some(glob) => {
                let absolute_path = path.join(glob.item);
                if verbose {
                    eprintln!("Absolute glob path: {absolute_path:?}");
                }

                match nu_glob::Pattern::new(&absolute_path.to_string_lossy()) {
                    Ok(pattern) => Some(pattern),
                    Err(_) => {
                        return Err(ShellError::TypeMismatch {
                            err_message: "Glob pattern is invalid".to_string(),
                            span: glob.span,
                        })
                    }
                }
            }
            None => None,
        };

        let recursive_flag: Option<Spanned<bool>> =
            call.get_flag(engine_state, stack, "recursive")?;
        let recursive_mode = match recursive_flag {
            Some(recursive) => {
                if recursive.item {
                    RecursiveMode::Recursive
                } else {
                    RecursiveMode::NonRecursive
                }
            }
            None => RecursiveMode::Recursive,
        };

        let ctrlc_ref = &engine_state.ctrlc.clone();
        let (tx, rx) = channel();

        let mut debouncer = match new_debouncer(debounce_duration, None, tx) {
            Ok(d) => d,
            Err(e) => {
                return Err(ShellError::IOError {
                    msg: format!("Failed to create watcher: {e}"),
                })
            }
        };
        if let Err(e) = debouncer.watcher().watch(&path, recursive_mode) {
            return Err(ShellError::IOError {
                msg: format!("Failed to create watcher: {e}"),
            });
        }
        // need to cache to make sure that rename event works.
        debouncer.cache().add_root(&path, recursive_mode);

        eprintln!("Now watching files at {path:?}. Press ctrl+c to abort.");

        let eval_block = get_eval_block(engine_state);

        let event_handler =
            |operation: &str, path: PathBuf, new_path: Option<PathBuf>| -> Result<(), ShellError> {
                let glob_pattern = glob_pattern.clone();
                let matches_glob = match glob_pattern.clone() {
                    Some(glob) => glob.matches_path(&path),
                    None => true,
                };
                if verbose && glob_pattern.is_some() {
                    eprintln!("Matches glob: {matches_glob}");
                }

                if matches_glob {
                    let stack = &mut stack.clone();

                    if let Some(position) = block.signature.get_positional(0) {
                        if let Some(position_id) = &position.var_id {
                            stack.add_var(*position_id, Value::string(operation, call.span()));
                        }
                    }

                    if let Some(position) = block.signature.get_positional(1) {
                        if let Some(position_id) = &position.var_id {
                            stack.add_var(
                                *position_id,
                                Value::string(path.to_string_lossy(), call.span()),
                            );
                        }
                    }

                    if let Some(position) = block.signature.get_positional(2) {
                        if let Some(position_id) = &position.var_id {
                            stack.add_var(
                                *position_id,
                                Value::string(
                                    new_path.unwrap_or_else(|| "".into()).to_string_lossy(),
                                    call.span(),
                                ),
                            );
                        }
                    }

                    let eval_result = eval_block(
                        engine_state,
                        stack,
                        &block,
                        Value::nothing(call.span()).into_pipeline_data(),
                    );

                    match eval_result {
                        Ok(val) => {
                            val.print(engine_state, stack, false, false)?;
                        }
                        Err(err) => {
                            let working_set = StateWorkingSet::new(engine_state);
                            eprintln!("{}", format_error(&working_set, &err));
                        }
                    }
                }

                Ok(())
            };

        loop {
            match rx.recv_timeout(CHECK_CTRL_C_FREQUENCY) {
                Ok(Ok(events)) => {
                    if verbose {
                        eprintln!("{events:?}");
                    }
                    for mut one_event in events {
                        let handle_result = match one_event.event.kind {
                            // only want to handle event if relative path exists.
                            EventKind::Create(_) => one_event
                                .paths
                                .pop()
                                .map(|path| event_handler("Create", path, None))
                                .unwrap_or(Ok(())),
                            EventKind::Remove(_) => one_event
                                .paths
                                .pop()
                                .map(|path| event_handler("Remove", path, None))
                                .unwrap_or(Ok(())),
                            EventKind::Modify(ModifyKind::Data(DataChange::Content))
                            | EventKind::Modify(ModifyKind::Data(DataChange::Any))
                            | EventKind::Modify(ModifyKind::Any) => one_event
                                .paths
                                .pop()
                                .map(|path| event_handler("Write", path, None))
                                .unwrap_or(Ok(())),
                            EventKind::Modify(ModifyKind::Name(RenameMode::Both)) => one_event
                                .paths
                                .pop()
                                .map(|to| {
                                    one_event
                                        .paths
                                        .pop()
                                        .map(|from| event_handler("Rename", from, Some(to)))
                                        .unwrap_or(Ok(()))
                                })
                                .unwrap_or(Ok(())),
                            _ => Ok(()),
                        };
                        handle_result?;
                    }
                }
                Ok(Err(_)) => {
                    return Err(ShellError::IOError {
                        msg: "Unexpected errors when receiving events".into(),
                    })
                }
                Err(RecvTimeoutError::Disconnected) => {
                    return Err(ShellError::IOError {
                        msg: "Unexpected disconnect from file watcher".into(),
                    });
                }
                Err(RecvTimeoutError::Timeout) => {}
            }
            if nu_utils::ctrl_c::was_pressed(ctrlc_ref) {
                break;
            }
        }

        Ok(PipelineData::empty())
    }

    fn examples(&self) -> Vec<Example> {
        vec![
            Example {
                description: "Run `cargo test` whenever a Rust file changes",
                example: r#"watch . --glob=**/*.rs {|| cargo test }"#,
                result: None,
            },
            Example {
                description: "Watch all changes in the current directory",
                example: r#"watch . { |op, path, new_path| $"($op) ($path) ($new_path)"}"#,
                result: None,
            },
            Example {
                description: "Log all changes in a directory",
                example: r#"watch /foo/bar { |op, path| $"($op) - ($path)(char nl)" | save --append changes_in_bar.log }"#,
                result: None,
            },
            Example {
                description: "Note: if you are looking to run a command every N units of time, this can be accomplished with a loop and sleep",
                example: r#"loop { command; sleep duration }"#,
                result: None,
            },
        ]
    }
}