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< h1 style = "text-align: left;" > Shorewall News and Announcements< br >
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< span style = "font-weight: bold;" > Tom Eastep< br >
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2007-01-17 01:09:16 +01:00
< / span > Copyright © 2001-2007 Thomas M. Eastep< br >
2007-05-01 23:06:13 +02:00
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under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any
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2007-07-19 17:14:31 +02:00
< p > July 15, 200< br >
2006-05-30 18:32:57 +02:00
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2007-05-01 23:06:13 +02:00
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< p > < strong > 2007-07-20 Shorewall 4.0.0< / strong > < / p >
< pre > ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
R E L E A S E H I G H L I G H T S
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1) This is the first Shorewall release that fully integrates the new
Shorewall-perl compiler. See the "New Features" section below.
2) You are now offered a choice as to which compiler(s) you install. In
4.0.0, there are the following packages:
- Shorewall-common ( common files )
- Shorewall-shell ( the shell-based compiler )
- Shorewall-perl (the Perl-based compiler )
You must install at least one of the compiler packages (you may
install them both) along with Shorewall-common.
YOU DO NOT NEED TO UNINSTALL ANY OF YOUR CURRENT PACKAGES.
See the Migration Considerations below for further information.
3) The facilities for supporting bridge/firewalls under earlier
releases are deprecated and their documentation is omitted from the
4.0 distribution. New bridge support is implemented in the
Shorewall-perl compiler. This support utilizes the reduced-function
physdev match support available in Linux kernel 2.6.20 and later.
Problems corrected in 4.0.0 Final.
1) The shorewall-lite install.sh may now be run multiple times from
the same directory. Previously, the manpages were gzipped in-place
which made it impossible to rerun the script.
2) If shorewall.conf contained SHOREWALL_COMPILER=shell (which it can
on Shorewall 3.4.2-4 systems) and the shorewall-shell RPM was
removed, subsequent "shorewall [re]start" operations failed. When
shorewall-shell is removed, the shorewall.conf file is modified to
specify SHOREWALL_COMPILER= and the original is saved in
shorewall.conf.rpmsave.
3) The contents of the LOG LEVEL column in /etc/shorewall/policy are
now validated at compile time by Shorewall-perl.
Other changes in Shorewall 4.0.0 Final.
1) The Perl modules in /usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/ have been
consolidated somewhat, leading to slightly faster compilation.
Migration Considerations:
1) Beginning with Shorewall 4.0.0, there is no single 'shorewall'
package. Rather there are two compiler packages (shorewall-shell
and shorewall-perl) and a set of base files (shorewall-common)
which are required by either compiler package.
Although the names of the packages are changing, you can upgrade
without having to uninstall/reinstall.
To repeat: YOU DO NOT NEED TO UNINSTALL ANY EXISTING PACKAGE.
If you attempt to upgrade using the shorewall-common RPM, you get
this result:
gateway:~ # rpm -Uvh shorewall-common-4.0.0.noarch.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
shorewall_compiler is needed by shorewall-common-4.0.0-1.noarch
gateway:~ #
You must either:
rpm -Uvh shorewall-shell-4.0.0.noarch.rpm \
shorewall-common-4.0.0.noarch.rpm
or
rpm -Uvh shorewall-shell-4.0.0.noarch.rpm \
shorewall-perl-4.0.0.noarch.rpm \
shorewall-common-4.0.0.noarch.rpm
If you don't want to use shorewall-perl exclusively then use the
second command above then
rpm -e shorewall-shell
If you are upgrading using the tarball, you must install
shorewall-shell and/or shorewall-perl before you upgrade
using shorewall-common. Otherwise, the install.sh script fails with:
ERROR: No Shorewall compiler is installed
The shorewall-shell and shorewall-perl packages are installed from
the tarball in the expected way; untar the package, and run the
install.sh script.
Example 1: You have 'shorewall' installed and you want to continue
to use the shorewall-shell compiler.
tar -jxf shorewall-common-4.0.0.tar.bz2
tar -jxf shorewall-shell-4.0.0.tar.bz2
cd shorewall-shell-4.0.0
./install.sh
cd ../shorewall-common-4.0.0
./install.sh
shorewall check
shorewall restart
Example 2: You have shorewall 3.4.4 and shorewall-perl 4.0.0-Beta7
installed and you want to upgrade to 4.0. You do not need the
shell-based compiler.
tar -jxf shorewall-common-4.0.0.tar.bz2
tar -jxf shorewall-perl-4.0.0.tar.bz2
cd shorewall-perl-4.0.0
./install.sh
cd ../shorewall-common-4.0.0
./install.sh
shorewall check
shorewall restart
Be sure to modify shorewall.conf if it still has
SHOREWALL_COMPILER=shell.
2) The ROUTE_FILTER and LOG_MARTIANS options in shorewall.conf work
slightly differently in Shorewall 4.0.0. In prior releases, leaving
these options empty was equivalent to setting them to 'No' which
caused the corresponding flag in /proc to be reset for all
interfaces. Beginning in Shorewall 4.0.0, leaving these options
empty causes Shorewall to leave the flags in /proc as they are. You
must set the option to 'No' in order to obtain the old behavior.
3) The -f option is no longer the default when Shorewall is started at
boot time (usually via /etc/init.d/shorewall). With Shorewall-perl,
"shorewall start" is nearly as fast as "shorewall restore" and
"shorewall start" uses the current configuration which avoids
confusion.
If you plan on continuing to use Shorewall-shell and you want to
use the "-f" option at boot time, then you must add the following
to /etc/sysconfig/shorewall or /etc/default/shorewall:
OPTIONS="-f"
If you currently have neither of those files, you will need to
create one of them.
4) This issue will only affect you if you use Shorewall Lite and have
modified /usr/share/configpath to specify a different LITEDIR.
The implementation of LITEDIR has always been
unsatisfactory. Furthermore, there have been other cases where
people have asked to be able to designate the state directory
(default /var/lib/shorewall[-lite]).
To meet these objectives:
a) The LITEDIR variable has been eliminated in
/usr/share/shorewall[-lite]/configpath.
b) A new file /etc/shorewall[-lite]/vardir has been added. This
file is not created by default but may be added as needed. It
is expected to contain a single variable assignment:
VARDIR=< directory>
Example:
VARDIR=/root/shorewall
To change VARDIR, copy the old directory to the new one before you
restart Shorewall[-lite].
To use this feature with Shorewall-lite, all packages involved
(compiler, shorewall-common and shorewall-lite) must be version
4.0.0-RC2 or later.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
N E W F E A T U R E S
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1) Shorewall-perl
This Shorewall package includes a complete rewrite of the compiler
in Perl.
I decided to make Shorewall-perl a separate package for several reasons:
a) Embedded applications are unlikely to adopt Shorewall-perl; even
Mini-Perl has a substantial disk and RAM footprint.
b) Because of the gross incompatibilities between the new compiler and the
old (see below), migration to the new compiler must be voluntary.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
T H E G O O D N E W S:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a) The compiler has a small disk footprint.
b) The compiler is very fast.
c) The compiler generates a firewall script that uses iptables-restore;
so the script is very fast.
d) The new compiler does a much better job of validating the
configuration and catches many errors that resulted in run-time
failures with the old compiler.
e) Use of the Shorewall-perl is optional! The old slow clunky
Bourne-shell compiler is still available.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
T H E B A D N E W S:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
There are a number of incompatibilities between the Perl-based compiler
and the Bourne-shell one.
a) The Perl-based compiler requires the following capabilities in your
kernel and iptables.
- addrtype match
- multiport match
These capabilities are in current distributions.
b) Now that Netfilter has features to deal reasonably with port lists,
I see no reason to duplicate those features in Shorewall. The
Bourne-shell compiler goes to great pain (in some cases) to
break very long port lists ( > 15 where port ranges in lists
count as two ports) into individual rules. In the new compiler, I'm
avoiding the ugliness required to do that. The new compiler just
generates an error if your list is too long. It will also produce
an error if you insert a port range into a port list and you don't
have extended multiport support.
c) The old BRIDGING=Yes support has been replaced by new bridge
support that uses the reduced 'physdev match' capabilities found
in kernel 2.6.20 and later. This new implementation may be used
where it is desired to control traffic through a bridge.
The new implementation includes the following features:
a) A new "Bridge Port" zone type is defined. Specify 'bport' or
'bport4' in the TYPE column of /etc/shorewall/zones.
Bridge Port zones should be a sub-zone of a regular ipv4 zone
that represents all hosts attached to the bridge.
b) A new 'bridge' option is defined for entries in
/etc/shorewall/interfaces. Bridges should have this option
specified, even if you don't want to filter traffic going
through the bridge.
c) Bridge ports must now be defined in
/etc/shorewall/interfaces. The INTERFACE column contains
both the bridge name and the port name separated by a colon
(e.g., "br0:eth1"). No OPTIONS are allowed for bridge
ports. The bridge must be defined before its ports and must
have the 'bridge' option.
Bridge Port (BP) zones have a number of limitations:
a) Each BP zone may only be associated with ports on a single
bridge.
b) BP zones may not be associated with interfaces that are not
bridge ports.
c) You may not have policies or rules where the DEST is a BP
zone but the source is not a BP zone. If you need such
rules, you must use the BP zone's parent zone as the DEST
zone.
Example (Bridge br0 with ports eth1 and tap0):
/etc/shorewall/zones:
fw firewall
net ipv4
loc ipv4
lan:loc bport
vpn:loc bport
/etc/shorewall/interfaces:
net eth0 - ...
loc br0 - ...
lan eth1
vpn tap0
When using the /etc/shorewall/hosts file to define a bport4
zone, you specify only the port name:
Example:
/etc/shorewall/zones:
fw firewall
net ipv4
loc ipv4
lan:loc bport
vpn:loc bport
/etc/shorewall/hosts
lan eth1:192.168.2.0/24 ...
The structure of the accounting rules changes slightly when
there are bridges defined in the Shorewall
configuration. Because of the restrictions imposed by Netfilter
in kernel 2.6.21 and later, output accounting rules must be
segregated from forwarding and input rules.
To accomplish this separation, Shorewall-perl creates two
accounting chains:
- accounting - for input and forwarded traffic.
- accountout - for output traffic.
If the CHAIN column contains '-', then:
- If the SOURCE column in a rule includes the name of the
firewall zone (e.g., $FW), then the rule is add only
to the accountout chain.
- Otherwise, if the DEST in the rule is any or all or 0.0.0.0/0,
then the rule is added to both accounting and accountout.
- Otherwise, the rule is added to accounting only.
See http://www.shorewall.net/4.0/bridge-Shorewall-perl.html for
additional information about the new bridge support.
d) The BROADCAST column in the interfaces file is essentially unused;
if you enter anything in this column but '-' or 'detect', you will
receive a warning.
e) Because the compiler is written in Perl, some of your extension
scripts from earlier versions will no longer work because
Shorewall-perl runs those extension scripts at compile-time rather
than at run-time.
Compile-time scripts are:
initdone
maclog
All per-chain scripts including those associated with actions.
Compile-time extension scripts are executed using the Perl 'eval
`cat < file> `' mechanism. Be sure that each script returns a
'true' value; otherwise, the compiler will assume that the
script failed and will abort the compilation.
All scripts will need to begin with the following line:
use Shorewall::Chains;
For more complex scripts, you may need to 'use' other Shorewall
Perl modules -- browse /usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/ to
see what's available.
When a script is invoked, the $chainref scalar variable will hold a
reference to a chain table entry.
$chainref-> {name} contains the name of the chain
$chainref-> {table} holds the table name
To add a rule to the chain:
add_rule( $chainref, < the rule> );
Where
< the rule> is a scalar argument holding the rule text. Do
not include "-A < chain name> "
Example:
add_rule( $chainref, '-j ACCEPT' );
To insert a rule into the chain:
insert_rule( $chainref, < rulenum> , < the rule> );
The log_rule_limit function works like it does in the shell
compiler with two exceptions:
- You pass the chain reference rather than the name of
the chain.
- The commands are 'add' and 'insert' rather than '-A'
and '-I'.
- There is only a single "pass as-is to iptables"
argument (so you must quote that part).
Example:
log_rule_limit(
'info' ,
$chainref ,
$chainref-> {name},
'DROP' ,
'', #Limit
'' , #Log tag
'add', #Command
'-p tcp' #Pass as-is
);
Note that in the 'initdone' script, there is no default chain
($chainref). You can objtain a reference to a standard chain by:
my $chainref = $chain_table{< table> }{< chain name> };
Example:
my $chainref = $chain_table{'filter'}{'INPUT'};
The continue script is eliminated. That script was designed to
allow you to add special rules during [re]start. Shorewall-perl
doesn't need such rules.
See http://www.shorewall.net/4.0/shorewall_extension_scripts.htm
for further information about extension scripts under
Shorewall-perl.
f) The 'refresh' command now works like 'restart' with the
following exceptions:
- The refresh command is rejected if Shorewall is not running.
- The refresh command only rebuilds the 'blacklst' chain.
- A directory name may not be specified in the refresh command.
g) The /etc/shorewall/tos file now has zone-independent SOURCE and
DEST columns as do all other files except the rules and policy
files.
The SOURCE column may be one of the following:
[all:]< address> [,...]
[all:]< interface> [:< address> [,...]]
$FW[:< address> [,...]]
The DEST column may be one of the following:
[all:]< address> [,...]
[all:]< interface> [:< address> [,...]]
This is a permanent change. The old zone-based rules have never
worked right and this is a good time to replace them. I've tried
to make the new syntax cover the most common cases without
requiring change to existing files. In particular, it will
handle the tos file released with Shorewall 1.4 and earlier.
h) Shorewall is now out of the ipset load/reload business. With
scripts generated by the Perl-based Compiler, the Netfilter
ruleset is never cleared. That means that there is no
opportunity for Shorewall to load/reload your ipsets since that
cannot be done while there are any current rules using ipsets.
So:
i) Your ipsets must be loaded before Shorewall starts. You
are free to try to do that with the following code in
/etc/shorewall/start:
if [ "$COMMAND" = start ]; then
ipset -U :all: :all:
ipset -F
ipset -X
ipset -R < /my/ipset/contents
fi
The file '/my/ipset/contents' (not its real name of
course) will normally be produced using the ipset -S
command.
The above will work most of the time but will fail in a
'shorewall stop' - 'shorewall start' sequence if you
use ipsets in your routestopped file (see below).
ii) Your ipsets may not be reloaded until Shorewall is stopped
or cleared.
iii) If you specify ipsets in your routestopped file then
Shorewall must be cleared in order to reload your ipsets.
As a consequence, scripts generated by the Perl-based compiler
will ignore /etc/shorewall/ipsets and will issue a warning if
you set SAVE_IPSETS=Yes in shorewall.conf.
i) Because the configuration files (with the exception of
/etc/shorewall/params) are now processed by the Perl-based
compiler rather than by the shell, only the basic forms of Shell
expansion ($variable and ${variable}) are supported. The more
exotic forms such as ${variable:=default} are not
supported. Both variables defined in /etc/shorewall/params and
environmental variables (exported by the shell) can be used in
configuration files.
j) USE_ACTIONS=No is not supported. That option is intended to
minimize Shorewall's footprint in embedded applications. As a
consequence, Default Macros are not supported.
k) DELAYBLACKLISTLOAD=Yes is not supported. The entire ruleset is
atomically loaded with one execution of iptables-restore.
l) MAPOLDACTIONS=Yes is not supported. People should have converted
to using macros by now.
m) The pre Shorewall-3.0 format of the zones file is not supported;
neither is the /etc/shorewall/ipsec file.
n) BLACKLISTNEWONLY=No is not permitted with FASTACCEPT=Yes. This
combination doesn't work in previous versions of Shorewall so
the Perl-based compiler simply rejects it.
o) Shorewall-perl has a single rule generator that is used for all
rule-oriented files. So it is important that the syntax is
consistent between files.
With shorewall-shell, there is a special syntax in the SOURCE
column of /etc/shorewall/masq to designate "all traffic entering
the firewall on this interface except...".
Example:
#INTERFACE SOURCE ADDRESSES
eth0 eth1!192.168.4.9 ...
Shorewall-perl uses syntax that is consistent with the rest of
Shorewall:
#INTERFACE SOURCE ADDRESSES
eth0 eth1:!192.168.4.9 ...
p) The 'allowoutUPnP' built-in action is no longer supported. The
Netfilter team have removed support for '-m owner --owner-cmd'
which that action depended on.
q) The treatment of the following interface options has changed under
Shorewall-perl.
- arp_filter
- routefilter
- logmartians
- proxy_arp
- sourceroute
With the Shorewall-shell compiler, Shorewall resets these options
on all interfaces then sets the option on those interfaces
for which the option is defined in /etc/shorewall/interfaces.
Under Shorewall-perl, these options can be specified with the value
0 or 1 (e.g., proxy_arp=0). If no value is specified, the value 1
is assumed. Shorewall will modify only the setting of those
interfaces for which the option is specified and will set the
option to the given value.
A fatal compilation error is also generated if you specify one of
these options with a wildcard interface (one ending with '+').
r) The LOG_MARTIANS and ROUTE_FILTER options are now tri-valued in
Shorewall-perl.
Yes - Same as before
No - Same as before except that it applies regardless of
whether any interfaces have the logmartians/routefilter
option
Keep - Shorewall ignores the option entirely (which is the
default).
s) Shorewall-perl support nn 'optional' option has been added to
/etc/shorewall/interfaces. This option is recognized by
Shorewall-perl but not by Shorewall-shell. When 'optional' is
specified for an interface, Shorewall will be silent when:
- a /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/ entry for the interface cannot be
modified (including for proxy ARP).
- The first address of the interface cannot be obtained.
I specify 'optional' on interfaces to Xen virtual machines that
may or may not be running when Shorewall is [re]started.
CAUTION: Use 'optional' at your own risk. If you [re]start
Shorewall when an 'optional' interface is not available and then
do a 'shorewall save', subsequent 'shorewall restore' and
'shorewall -f start' operations will instantiate a ruleset that
does not support that interface, even if it is available at the
time of the restore/start.
t) Shorewall-perl validates all IP addresses and addresses ranges
in rules. DNS names are resolved and an error is issued for any
name that cannot be resolved.
u) Shorewall-perl checks configuration files for the presense of
characters that can cause problems if they are allowed into the
generated firewall script:
- Double Quotes. These are prohibited except in the
shorewall.conf and params files.
- Single Quotes. These are prohibited except in the
shorewall.conf and params files and in COMMENT lines.
- Single back quotes. These are prohibited except in the
shorewall.conf and params files.
- Backslash. Probibited except as the last character on a line
to denote line continuation.
v) Under Shorewall-perl, macros may invoke other macros with the
restriction that such macros may not be invoked within an action
body.
When marcros are invoked recursively, the parameter passed to an
invocation are automatically propagated to lower level macros.
Macro invocations may be nested to a maximum level of 5.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
P R E R E Q U I S I T E S
------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Perl (I use Perl 5.8.8 but other versions should work fine)
- Perl Cwd Module
- Perl File::Basename Module
- Perl File::Temp Module
- Perl Getopt::Long Module
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U S I N G T H E N E W C O M P I L E R
If you only install one compiler, then that compiler will be used.
If you install both compilers, then the compiler actually used depends
on the SHOREWALL_COMPILER setting in shorewall.conf.
The value of this new option can be either 'perl' or 'shell'.
If you add 'SHOREWALL_COMPILER=perl' to /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf
then by default, the new compiler will be used on the system. If you
add it to shorewall.conf in a separate directory (such as a
Shorewall-lite export directory) then the new compiler will only be
used when you compile from that directory.
If you only install one compiler, it is suggested that you do not set
SHOREWALL_COMPILER.
You can also select the compiler to use on the command line using the
'C option:
'-C shell' means use the shell compiler
'-C perl' means use the perl compiler
The -C option overrides the setting in shorewall.conf.
Example:
shorewall restart -C perl
2) Thanks to Paul Gear, an IPPServer macro has been added. Be sure to
read the comments in the macro file before trying to use this
macro.
3) Eariler generations of Shorewall Lite required that remote root
login via ssh be enabled in order to use the 'load' and 'reload'
commands.
Beginning with this release, you may define an alternative means
for accessing the remote firewall system.
Two new options have been added to shorewall.conf:
RSH_COMMAND
RCP_COMMAND
The default values for these are as follows:
RSH_COMMAND: ssh ${root}@${system} ${command}
RCP_COMMAND: scp ${files} ${root}@${system}:${destination}
Shell variables that will be set when the commands are envoked are
as follows:
root - root user. Normally 'root' but may be overridden using
the '-r' option.
system - The name/IP address of the remote firewall system.
command - For RSH_COMMAND, the command to be executed on the
firewall system.
files - For RCP_COMMAND, a space-separated list of files to
be copied to the remote firewall system.
destination - The directory on the remote system that the files
are to be copied into.
4) The accounting, masq, rules and tos files now have a 'MARK' column
similar to the column of the same name in the tcrules file. This
column allows filtering by MARK and CONNMARK value (CONNMARK is
only accepted under Shorewall Perl).
5) SOURCE and DEST are now reserved zone names to avoid problems with
bi-directional macro definitions which use these as names as key
words.
6) The "shorewall show zones" command now flags zone members that have
been added using "shorewall add" by preceding them with a plus sign
("+").
Example:
Shorewall 3.9.4 Zones at gateway - Mon May 14 07:48:16 PDT 2007
fw (firewall)
net (ipv4)
eth0:0.0.0.0/0
loc (ipv4)
br0:0.0.0.0/0
eth4:0.0.0.0/0
eth5:0.0.0.0/0
+eth1:0.0.0.0/0
dmz (ipv4)
eth3:0.0.0.0/0
vpn (ipv4)
tun+:0.0.0.0/0
In the above output, "eth1:0.0.0.0/0" was dynamically added to the
'loc' zone. As part of this change, "shorewall delete" will only
delete entries that have been added dynamically. In earlier
versions, any entry could be deleted although the ruleset was only
changed by deleting entries that had been added dynamically.
7) The 'shorewall version' command now lists the version of the
installed compiler(s) if the -a option is used:
gateway:/bulk/backup # shorewall version -a
4.0.0-Beta1
Shorewall-shell 4.0.0-Beta1
Shorewall-perl 4.0.0-Beta1
gateway:/bulk/backup #
8) The Perl compiler is externalized. Both the compiler.pl program
and the Perl Module interface are documented.
The compiler program is /usr/share/shorewall-perl/compiler.pl:
compiler.pl [ < option> ... ] [ < filename> ]
If a < filename> is given, then the configuration will be compiled
output placed in the named file. If < filename> is not given, then
the configuration will simply be syntax checked.
Options are:
-v < verbosity>
--verbosity=< verbosity>
The < verbosity> is a number between 0 and 2 and corresponds to
the VERBOSITY setting in shorewall.conf. This setting controls
the verbosity of the compiler itself.
-e
--export
If given, the configuration will be compiled for export to
another system.
-d < directory>
--directory=< directory>
If this option is omitted, the configuration in /etc/shorewall
is compiled/checked. Otherwise, the configuration in the named
directory will be compiled/checked.
-t
--timestamp
If given, each progress message issued by the compiler and by
the compiled program will be timestamped.
--debug
If given, when a warning or error message is issued, it is
supplimented with a stack trace. Requires the Carp Perl
module.
Example (compiles the configuration in the current directory
generating a script named 'firewall' and using VERBOSITY
2).
/usr/share/shorewall-perl/compiler.pl -v 2 -d . firewall
Note: For compatibility with the Shorewall 3.4.2 and 3.4.3
releases, options not passed on the run-line get their values from
environmental variables:
Option Variable
--verbosity VERBOSE
--export EXPORT
--directory SHOREWALL_DIR
--timestamp TIMESTAMP
The Perl Module is externalized as follows:
use lib '/usr/share/shorewall-perl';
use Shorewall::Compiler;
compiler $filename, $directory, $verbose, $options
The arguments to the compiler function are as follows:
$filename - Name of the compiled script to be created.
If the arguments evaluates to false, the
configuration is syntax checked
$directory - The directory containing the configuration.
If passed as '', then /etc/shorewall/ is assumed.
$verbose - The verbosity level (0-2).
$options - A bitmap of options. Shorewall::Compiler
exports two constants to help building this
argument:
EXPORT = 0x01
TIMESTAMP = 0x02
The compiler raises an exception with 'die' if it encounters an
error; $@ contains the 'ERROR' messages describing the problem.
The compiler function can be called repeatedly with different
inputs.
9) When TC_ENABLED=Internal, Shorewall-perl now validates classids in
the MARK/CLASSIFY column of /etc/shorewall/tcrules against the
classes generated by /etc/shorewall/tcclasses.
10) During installation, Shorewall generates the Perl module
/usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/Ports.pm, using your
/etc/protocols and /etc/services as input.
To re-generate the module from those two files:
1. Backup your current /usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/Ports.pm
file.
2. /usr/share/shorewall-perl/buildports.pl > \
/usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/Ports.pm
Note: If the buildports.pl program fails to run to a successful
completion during installation, a fallback version of
module will be installed. That fallback module was generated from
the /etc/protocols and /etc/services shipped with Ubuntu Feisty
Fawn.
Even if the buildports.pl program runs successfully, the fallback
module is also installed as
/usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/FallbackPorts.pm. So if you
encounter problems with the generated module, simply copy the
fallback module to /usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/Ports.pm.
11) Tuomo Soini has contributed bi-directional macros for various
tunnel types:
IPsecah
GRE
IPsec
IPIP
IPsecnat
L2TP
12) The -f option is no longer the default when Shorewall is started at
boot time (usually via /etc/init.d/shorewall). With Shorewall-perl,
"shorewall start" is nearly as fast as "shorewall restore" and
"shorewall start" uses the current configuration which avoids
confusion.
To re-generate the module from those two files:
1. Backup your current /usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/Ports.pm
file.
2. /usr/share/shorewall-perl/buildports.pl > \
/usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/Ports.pm
Note: If the buildports.pl program fails to run to a successful
completion during installation, a fallback version of
module will be installed. That fallback module was generated from
the /etc/protocols and /etc/services shipped with Ubuntu Feisty
Fawn.
Even if the buildports.pl program runs successfully, the fallback
module is also installed as
/usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/FallbackPorts.pm. So if you
encounter problems with the generated module, simply copy the
fallback module to /usr/share/shorewall-perl/Shorewall/Ports.pm.
11) Tuomo Soini has contributed bi-directional macros for various
tunnel types:
IPsecah
GRE
IPsec
IPIP
IPsecnat
L2TP
12) The -f option is no longer the default when Shorewall is started at
boot time (usually via /etc/init.d/shorewall). With Shorewall-perl,
"shorewall start" is nearly as fast as "shorewall restore" and
"shorewall start" uses the current configuration which avoids
confusion.
13) The implementation of LITEDIR has always been
unsatisfactory. Furthermore, there have been other cases where
people have asked to be able to designate the state directory
(default /var/lib/shorewall[-lite]).
To meet these objectives:
a) The LITEDIR variable has been eliminated in
/usr/share/shorewall[-lite]/configpath.
b) A new file /etc/shorewall[-lite]/vardir has been added. This
file is not created by default but may be added as needed. It
is expected to contain a single variable assignment:
VARDIR=< directory>
Example:
VARDIR=/root/shorewall
To change VARDIR, copy the old directory to the new one before you
restart Shorewall[-lite].
To use this feature with Shorewall-lite, all packages involved
(compiler, shorewall-common and shorewall-lite) must be version
4.0.0-RC2 or later.< / pre >
< hr >
2007-07-16 02:26:41 +02:00
< p > < strong > 2007-07-15 Shorewall 3.4.5< / strong > < / p >
2007-07-16 02:35:29 +02:00
< pre > Problems Corrected in 3.4.5.
2007-07-16 02:26:41 +02:00
1) DYNAMIC_ZONES=Yes can now coexist with Shorewall-perl's 'bport'
zones. Those zones themselves may not be dynamically modified but
the presence of bport zones no longer causes the 'shorewall add'
command to fail.
2) Shorewall's internal traffic shaper once again works when the 'sed'
utility is provided by the Busybox package.
3) Version 3.4.4 erroneously accepted the values On, Off, on, off, ON
and OFF for the IP_FORWARDING option. These values were treated
like 'Keep'. The listed values are now once again flagged as an
error.
4) If 'routeback' and 'detectnets' were specified on an interface,
limited broadcasts (to 255.255.255.255) and multicasts were dropped
when forwarded through the interface. This could cause
broadcast-based and multicast applications to fail when running
through a bridge with 'detectnets'.
5) The 'hits' command works once again.
6) IPSECFILE=ipsec (either explicitly or defaulted) works
now. Previously, processing of the ipsec file was bypassed; often
with a confusing "missing file" message.
7) If DETECT_DNAT_IPADDRS=Yes in shorewall.conf but you did't have conntrack
match support, then the generated script was missing 'done's.
Other changes in 3.4.5.
1) When a Shorewall release includes detection of an additional
capability, existing capabilities files become out of
date. Previously, this condition was not detected.
Beginning with this release, each generated capabilities file
contains a CAPVERSION specification which defines the capabilities
version of the file. If the CAPVERSION in a capabilities file is
less than the current CAPVERSION, then Shorewall will issue the
following message:
WARNING: < file> is out of date -- it does not contain all of
the capabilities defined by Shorewall version < version>
where
2007-07-19 17:14:31 +02:00
< file> is the name of the capabilities file.
< version> is the current Shorewall version.
2007-07-16 02:26:41 +02:00
Existing capabilities files contain no CAPVERSION. When such a file
is read, Shorewall will issue this message:
WARNING: < file> may be not contain all of the capabilities defined
by Shorewall version < version>
2) When a directory is specified in a command such as 'start' or
'compile', Shorewall now reads the shorewall.conf file (if any) in
that directory before deciding which compiler to use. So if
SHOREWALL_COMPILER is not specified in
/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf and the -C option was not specified
on the run-line, then if Shorewall-perl is installed, the additional
shorewall.conf file is read to see if it specifies a
SHOREWALL_COMPILER.
3) The 'save' command now uses iptables-save from the same directory
containing iptables. Previously, iptables-save was located via the
2007-07-16 02:35:29 +02:00
PATH setting.< / pre >
2007-07-16 02:34:24 +02:00
< hr >
2007-07-16 02:26:41 +02:00
2007-06-22 18:29:08 +02:00
< p > < strong > 2007-06-17 Shorewall 3.4.4< / strong > < / p >
2007-06-19 15:48:16 +02:00
< pre > Problems corrected in 3.4.4:
1) The commands "shorewall add < interface> < zone> " and "shorewall
delete < interface> < zone> " no longer produce spurious error
messages.
2) The command "shorewall delete < interface> < zone> " now actually deletes
entries when it successfully completes. Previously, it would appear
to remove an entry, even when removing that entry should fail.
3) Setting HIGH_ROUTE_MARKS=No no longer causes TC_EXPERT flagging.
4) When run as root, the 'shorewall load' and 'shorewall reload'
commands would fail if the LOGFILE setting in
/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf specified a non-existant file.
5) Entries in /etc/shorewall/tcrules that specify both a source and
destination port fail with the following diagnostic:
iptables v1.3.3: multiport can only have one option
6) Previously, Shorewall-lite did not allow DHCP traffic through an
interface when the interface was a bridge with 'dhcp' specified
unless there was a bridge on the administrative system with the
same name.
7) SOURCE and DEST are now flagged as invalid zone name to avoid
problems with macros that use those names as keywords.
8) Previously, Shorewall could *increase* the MSS under some
circumstances. This possibility is now eliminated, provided that
the system has TCPMSS match support (be sure to update your
capabilities files!).
9) Firewall zone names other than 'fw' no longer cause a error when
IPSECFILE is not set or is set to 'ipsec'.
10) The 'proxyarp' option on an interface was previously ignored when
the /etc/shorewall/proxyarp file was empty.
11) Previously, if action 'a' was defined then the following
rule generated an error:
a: z1 z2 ...
The trailing ":" is now ignored.
12) Previously, if a RATE/LIMIT was specified on a REJECT rule, the
generated error messages referred to the rule as a DROP rule.
13) The 'nolock' keyword was previously ignored on several
/sbin/shorewall[-lite] commands.
Other changes in 3.4.4:
1) The accounting, masq, rules and tos files now have a 'MARK' column
similar to the column of the same name in the tcrules file. This
column allows filtering by MARK value.
2) The "shorewall show zones" command now flags zone members that have
been added using "shorewall add" by preceding them with a plus sign
("+").
Example:
Shorewall 3.9.4 Zones at gateway - Mon May 14 07:48:16 PDT 2007
fw (firewall)
net (ipv4)
eth0:0.0.0.0/0
loc (ipv4)
br0:0.0.0.0/0
eth4:0.0.0.0/0
eth5:0.0.0.0/0
+eth1:0.0.0.0/0
dmz (ipv4)
eth3:0.0.0.0/0
vpn (ipv4)
tun+:0.0.0.0/0
In the above output, "eth1:0.0.0.0/0" was dynamically added to the
'loc' zone. As part of this change, "shorewall delete" will only
delete entries that have been added dynamically. In earlier
versions, any entry could be deleted although the ruleset was only
changed by deleting entries that had been added dynamically.
3) Eariler generations of Shorewall Lite required that remote root
login via ssh be enabled in order to use the 'load' and 'reload'
commands.
Beginning with this release, you may define an alternative means
for accessing the remote firewall system.
Two new options have been added to shorewall.conf:
RSH_COMMAND
RCP_COMMAND
The default values for these are as follows:
RSH_COMMAND: ssh ${root}@${system} ${command}
RCP_COMMAND: scp ${files} ${root}@${system}:${destination}
Shell variables that will be set when the commands are envoked are
as follows:
root - root user. Normally 'root' but may be overridden using
the '-r' option.
system - The name/IP address of the remote firewall system.
command - For RSH_COMMAND, the command to be executed on the
firewall system.
files - For RCP_COMMAND, a space-separated list of files to
be copied to the remote firewall system.
destination - The directory on the remote system that the files
are to be copied into.
4) You may now select the compiler to use on the command line using
the '-C' option. This option is available on the following
commands:
check
compile
export
load
reload
restart
start
try
safe-start
save-restart
Example:
shorewall try -C perl .< / pre >
< hr >
2007-06-22 18:29:08 +02:00
< p > < strong > 2007-06-12 New Host for www.shorewall.net and
2007-06-12 18:15:43 +02:00
ftp.shorewall.net< / strong > < / p >
< pre > I'm pleased to announce that Ty Christiansen and the folks at Master Mind
Productions (http://mastermindpro.com) have volunteered to host
www.shorewall.net and ftp.shorewall.net.
The new site is up and running and I've just changed DNS to point to the new
server. Let me know if you experience any problems.
Please join me in thanking Ty and Master Mind for their support of the
Shorewall project.< / pre >
< hr >
2007-06-22 18:29:08 +02:00
< p > < strong > 2007-04-30 Shorewall 3.4.3< / strong > < / p >
2007-05-01 23:06:13 +02:00
< p > < code > Problems corrected in Shorewall 3.4.3< / code > < / p >
2007-06-05 20:52:50 +02:00
< pre > < code > 1) The shorecap program was not loading modules correctly.< / code > < / pre >
2007-05-01 23:06:13 +02:00
< pre > < code > 2) The CHAIN variable is now set correctly before the 'maclog' script< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > is invoked.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 3) The 'shorewall load' and 'shorewall reload' commands redundently< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > re-generated the capabilities file when it resided in the export< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > directory.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 4) Setting LOGFILE to the value of a shell variable from the params< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > file now works.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 5) The 'shorewall-lite restore' command can fail with a 'startup not< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > enabled' error.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 6) When ROUTE_FILTER=Yes in shorewall.conf, Shorewall no longer clears< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > the rp_filter flag for all interfaces.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 7) When LOG_MARTIANS=Yes in shorewall.conf, Shorewall no longer clears< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > the log_martians flag for all interfaces.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 8) The 'shorewall add' and 'shorewall delete' commands no longer fail< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > with the message 'ERROR: Only one firewall zone may be defined'.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 9) It was previously impossible to disable martian logging.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 10) IP addresses (aliases) added by ADD_IP_ALIASES and ADD_SNAT_ALIASES< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > are now correctly deleted when Shorewall stops.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 11) The 'shorewall add' and 'shorewall delete' commands no longer fail< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > with the error 'Only one firewall zone may be defined'.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 12) The special 'detect' value now works correctly in the ADDRESSES< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > column of /etc/shorewall/masq.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > Other changes in Shorewall 3.4.3< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > < / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > 1) A LOCKFILE option has been added to shorewall.conf. This file is< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > used to serialize updates to the active firewall configuration.< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code > If not specified, the defaults are:< / code > < / pre >
< blockquote >
< p > < code > Shorewall - /var/lib/shorewall/lock< / code > < / p >
< p > < code > Shorewall Lite - /var/lib/shorewall-lite/lock< / code > < / p >
< / blockquote >
<!-- Shorewall Release 3.0.5 -->
< hr >
2007-06-22 18:29:08 +02:00
< p > < span style = "font-weight: bold;" > 2007-04-08 Shorewall 3.2.10< br >
2007-05-01 23:06:13 +02:00
< / span > < span style = "font-weight: bold;" > < / span > < / p >
< pre > Problems Corrected in 3.2.10< br > < br > 1) Previously, if a 'start' or 'restart' command failed during the< br > compilation step, /sbin/shorewall erroneously returned an exit< br > status of zero.< br > < br > 2) If IMPLICIT_CONTINUE=Yes was in effect, then sub-zones received the< br > implicit CONTINUE policy for their intra-zone traffic (rather than< br > the implicit ACCEPT policy for such traffic). This could cause< br > intra-zone traffic to be rejected by rules in one of the parent< br > zones.< br > < br > 3) The "shorewall-[lite] [re]start and stop" commands reset the< br > proxy_arp flag on all interfaces on the system making it impossible< br > to control proxy arp manually with Shorewall installed. With this< br > change, shorewall will only clear proxy arp if there were entries in< br > /etc/shorewall/proxyarp the last time that Shorewall was< br > [re]started.< br > < br > 4) The /usr/share/shorewall[-lite]/modules file has been updated for< br > kernel 2.6.20.< br > < br > 5) The /proc/net/ip_conntrack pseudo-file has been inexplicably< br > renamed /proc/net/nf_conntrack in kernel 2.6.20. The lib.cli< br > library has been updated to look for both files.< br > < br > 6) Tunnels of type 'ipsecnat' failed to work properly due to a missing< br > rule.< br > < br > 7) The 'shorecap' program was not loading modules correctly. < br > < span style = "font-family: sans-serif;" > < span style = "font-weight: bold;" > < / span > < / span > < / pre >
< hr style = "width: 100%; height: 2px;" >
< span style = "font-family: sans-serif;" > < span
style="font-weight: bold;">< / span > < / span > < span
style="font-weight: bold;">2007-04-01 Shorewall 3.4.2< br >
< / span > < span style = "font-weight: bold;" > < / span >
2007-04-02 03:13:33 +02:00
< pre > Problems corrected in Shorewall 3.4.2< br > < br > 1) The /usr/share/shorewall[-lite]/modules file has been updated for< br > kernel 2.6.20.< br > < br > 2) The /proc/net/ip_conntrack pseudo-file has been inexplicably< br > renamed /proc/net/nf_conntrack in kernel 2.6.20. The lib.cli< br > library has been updated to look for both files.< br > < br > 3) Shoreall 3.4 was not consistent with respect to its treatment of< br > log level 'none' and 'none!' and built-in actions. In particular,< br > specifying 'none' with the Limit action produced a run-time error.< br > Shorewall now correctly suppresses generation of log messages when< br > a log level of 'none' or 'none!' is given to a built-in action.< br > < br > 4) Tunnels of type 'ipsecnat' would sometimes fail to work because of< br > a missing rule.< br > < / pre >
2007-05-01 23:06:13 +02:00
< span style = "font-weight: bold;" > < / span >
< hr style = "width: 100%; height: 2px;" >
< span style = "font-weight: bold;" > 2007-03-15 Shorewall 3.4.1< br >
< / span > < span style = "font-weight: bold;" > < / span >
2007-03-24 23:45:05 +01:00
< pre > Problems Corrected in 3.4.1< br > < br > 1) The "shorewall-[lite] [re]start and stop" commands reset the< br > proxy_arp flag on all interfaces on the system making it impossible< br > to control proxy arp manually with Shorewall installed. There was a< br > partial fix included in 3.4.0; unfortunately, it did not correct the< br > problem completely. Shorewall 3.4.1 includes the rest of the change < br > necessarey to only clear proxy arp if there were entries in< br > /etc/shorewall/proxyarp the last time that Shorewall was< br > [re]started.< br > < br > 2) If the log-prefix in a log message exceeded 29 characters, < br > 'shorewall restart' fails with 'truncate: command not found' and a< br > possible segmentation fault in iptables.< br > < br > 3) Log messages specifying a log tag had two spaces appended to the< br > log prefix. This could cause mysterious "log-prefix truncated"< br > messages. < br > < br > 4) When nested zones were defined in the /etc/shorewall/zones file and< br > IMPLICIT_CONTINUE=Yes was given in /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf,< br > shell error messages ( usually '< zone> : not found' ) during< br > compilation resulted.< br > < br > 5) Use of CONTINUE policies lead to startup errors with a message< br > such as the following:< br > < br > Applying Policies...< br > iptables v1.3.7: Couldn't load target< br > `CONTINUE':/usr/local/lib/iptables/libipt_CONTINUE.so: cannot open< br > shared object file: No such file or directory< br > < br > Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information.< br > < br > ERROR: Command "/sbin/iptables -A net2c148 -j CONTINUE"< br > Failed< br > < br > 6) If there were hosts defined as 'critical' in< br > /etc/shorewall/routestopped then problems occured in two cases:< br > < br > i) On a Shorewall Lite system when 'shorewall stop' or 'shorewall< br > clear' was issued.< br > < br > ii) On Shorewall or Shorewall lite system when 'start' or 'restart'< br > failed during execution of the compiled script and there was no saved< br > configuration ('shorewall[-lite] save' has not been issued).< br > < br > The symptoms were that the following shell messages were issued and< br > the 'critical' hosts were not enabled:< br > < br > /var/lib/shorewall/.start: line nnn: source_ip_range: command not found< br > /var/lib/shorewall/.start: line nnm: dest_ip_range: command not found< br > < br > Other changes in 3.4.1< br > < br > 1) Several changes are included which allow testing of experimental< br > versions of Shorewall on systems with 3.4.1 and later 3.4 releases< br > installed. Among these changes is the detection and reporting of< br > "Address Type Match" which may be used in future 3.4 releases.< br > These changes have no effect on normal Shorewall operation. < / pre >
2007-05-01 23:06:13 +02:00
< span style = "font-weight: bold;" > < / span >
< hr style = "width: 100%; height: 2px;" >
< span style = "font-weight: bold;" > 2007-03-10 Shorewall 3.4.0< br >
< / span > < span style = "font-weight: bold;" > < / span >
2007-03-24 23:45:05 +01:00
< pre > Shorewall 3.4.0< br > < br > Release Highlights< br > < br > 1) Shorewall can now be tailored to reduce its footprint on embedded< br > systems. As part of this change, actions are now completely< br > optional.< br > < br > See http://www.shorewall.net/Modularization.html for details.< br > < br > 2) Exclusion is now possible in /etc/shorewall/hosts. This is required< br > for bridge/firewalls under kernel 2.6.20 and later.< br > < br > See http://www.shorewall.net/NewBridge.html.< br > < br > 3) Shorewall and Shorewall Lite now include man pages. There is a < br > man page for shorewall(8), one for shorewall-lite(8) and one for< br > each configuration file. As part of this change, all documentation< br > has been removed from Shorewall configuration files. This should< br > make it easier from users to upgrade from one release to the next< br > since the configuration files will only change when column is added< br > or renamed.< br > < br > See http://www.shorewall.net/manpages/Manpages.html< br > < br > 4) Shorewall now remembers the changes that it has made to routing as< br > a result of entries in /etc/shorewall/providers and< br > /etc/shorewall/route_rules and reverses those changes when< br > appropriate.< br > < br > Problems Corrected in 3.4.0 Final.< br > < br > 1) In the rules file, following the action with "!" is supposed to< br > exempt the rule from being suppressed by OPTIMIZE=1. That feature< br > was not working.< br > < br > 2) If both a macro body and a macro invocation contained an entry in the< br > SOURCE or DEST column, then compilation failed with the error:< br > < br > merge_macro_source_dest: command not found< br > < br > 3) An obscure bug in rule activation having to do with the new< br > exclusion feature in /etc/shorewall/hosts has been corrected.< br > < br > 4) The "shorewall-[lite] [re]start and stop" commands reset the< br > proxy_arp flag on all interfaces on the system making it impossible< br > to control proxy arp manually with Shorewall installed. With this< br > change, shorewall will only clear proxy arp if there were entries in< br > /etc/shorewall/proxyarp the last time that Shorewall was< br > [re]started.< br > < br > New Features in Shorewall 3.4:< br > < br > 1) In order to accomodate small embedded applications, Shorewall 3.4< br > is now modularized. In addition to the base files, there are< br > loadable "libraries" that may be included or omitted from an< br > embedded system as required.< br > < br > Loadable Shorewall libraries reside in /usr/share/shorewall/ and< br > have names that begin with "lib.". The following libraries are< br > included in Shorewall 3.4:< br > < br > - lib.accounting. Must be available if you include entries in< br > /etc/shorewall/accounting.< br > < br > - lib.actions. Must be available if you do not specify< br > USE_ACTIONS=No in /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf.< br > < br > - lib.base. The base Shorewall library required by all programs,< br > including compiled firewall scripts. This library is also< br > released as part of Shorewall Lite and is installed in< br > /usr/share/shorewall-lite/.< br > < br > - lib.cli. Library containing the code common to /sbin/shorewall,< br > /sbin/shorewall-lite. This library is also released as part of< br > Shorewall Lite and is installed in /usr/share/shorewall-lite/.< br > < br > - lib.config. Library containing the code that is common to< br > /usr/share/shorewall/compiler and /usr/share/shorewall/firewall. < br > < br > - lib.dynamiczones. Must be available if you specify< br > DYNAMIC_ZONES=Yes in shorewall.conf.< br > < br > - lib.maclist. Must be available if you specify the 'maclist'< br > option in /etc/shorewall/interfaces or /etc/shorewall/hosts.< br > < br > - lib.nat. Must be available if you have entries in< br > /etc/shorewall/masq, /etc/shorewall/nat or /etc/shorewall/netmap< br > or if you use DNAT or REDIRECT rules.< br > < br > - lib.providers. Must be available if you have entries in< br > /etc/shorewall/providers.< br > < br > - lib.proxyarp. Must be available if you have entries in< br > /etc/
2007-05-01 23:06:13 +02:00
< span style = "font-weight: bold;" > < / span >
< hr style = "width: 100%; height: 2px;" >
2005-10-12 00:05:30 +02:00
< span style = "font-weight: bold;" > Old News < a href = "oldnews.html" > here< / a > < br >
2007-05-01 23:06:13 +02:00
< / span > < / body >
2003-12-30 02:19:52 +01:00
< / html >
