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< h1 align = "center" > < font color = "#ffffff" > Shorewall FAQs< / font > < / h1 >
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< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 1. < / b > < a href = "#faq1" > I want to < b > forward< / b > UDP < b >
port< / b > 7777 to my my personal PC with IP address 192.168.1.5. I've looked
everywhere and can't find < b > how to do it< / b > .< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 1a. < / b > < a href = "#faq1a" > Ok -- I followed those instructions
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but it doesn't work.< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 2.< / b > < a href = "#faq2" > I < b > port forward< / b > www requests
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to www.mydomain.com (IP 130.151.100.69) to system 192.168.1.5 in my local
network. < b > External clients can browse< / b > http://www.mydomain.com but < b > internal
clients can't< / b > .< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 2a. < / b > < a href = "#faq3" > I have a zone "Z" with an RFC1918
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subnet and I use < b > static NAT< / b > to assign non-RFC1918 addresses to hosts
in Z. Hosts in Z cannot communicate with each other using their external
(non-RFC1918 addresses) so they < b > can't access each other using their DNS
names.< / b > < / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 3. < / b > < a href = "#faq3" > I want to use < b > Netmeeting/MSN
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Messenger < / b > with Shorewall. What do I do?< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 4. < / b > < a href = "#faq4" > I just used an online port scanner
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to check my firewall and it shows < b > some ports as 'closed' rather than
'blocked'.< / b > Why?< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 4a. < / b > < a href = "#faq4a" > I just ran an < b > nmap UDP scan< / b >
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of my firewall and it showed 100s of ports as open!!!!< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 5. < / b > < a href = "#faq5" > I've installed Shorewall and now
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I < b > can't ping< / b > through the firewall< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 6. < / b > < a href = "#faq6" > Where are the < b > log messages< / b >
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written and how do I < b > change the destination< / b > ?< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 6a. < / b > < a href = "#faq6a" > Are there any < b > log parsers< / b >
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that work with Shorewall?< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 7. < / b > < a href = "#faq7" > When I stop Shorewall < b > using
'shorewall stop', I can't connect to anything< / b > . Why doesn't that command
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work?< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 8. < / b > < a href = "#faq8" > When I try to < b > start Shorewall
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on RedHat 7.x< / b > , I get messages about insmod failing -- what's wrong?< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 9. < / b > < a href = "FAQ.htm#faq9" > Why can't Shorewall < b > detect
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my interfaces < / b > properly?< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 10. < / b > < a href = "#faq10" > What < b > distributions< / b > does
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it work with?< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 11. < / b > < a href = "#faq18" > What < b > features< / b > does it
support?< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 12. < / b > < a href = "#faq12" > Why isn't there a < b > GUI< / b > < / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 13. < / b > < a href = "#faq13" > Why do you call it < b > "Shorewall"?< / b > < / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 14. < / b > < a href = "#faq14" > I'm connected via a cable modem
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and it has an internel web server that allows me to configure/monitor it
but as expected if I enable < b > rfc1918 blocking< / b > for my eth0 interface,
it also blocks the < b > cable modems web server< / b > < / a > .< / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 14a. < / b > < a href = "#faq14a" > Even though it assigns public
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IP addresses, my ISP's DHCP server has an RFC 1918 address. If I enable
RFC 1918 filtering on my external interface, < b > my DHCP client cannot renew
its lease< / b > .< / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 15. < / b > < a href = "#faq15" > < b > My local systems can't see
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out to the net< / b > < / a > < / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > 16. < / b > < a href = "#faq16" > Shorewall is writing < b > log messages
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all over my console< / b > making it unusable!< / a > < / p >
< hr >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq1" > < / a > 1. I want to forward UDP port 7777 to
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my my personal PC with IP address 192.168.1.5. I've looked everywhere and
can't find how to do it.< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > The < a
href="Documentation.htm#PortForward"> first example< / a > in the < a
href="Documentation.htm#Rules">rules file documentation< / a > shows how to
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do port forwarding under Shorewall. Assuming that you have a dynamic external
IP address, the format of a port-forwarding rule to a local system is as
follows:< / p >
< blockquote >
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< table border = "1" cellpadding = "2" style = "border-collapse: collapse;"
id="AutoNumber1">
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< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < u > < b > ACTION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > DESTINATION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PROTOCOL< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > ORIG. DEST.< / b > < / u > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > DNAT< / td >
< td > net< / td >
< td > loc:< i > < local IP address> < / i > [:< i > < local port< / i > > ]< / td >
< td > < i > < protocol> < / i > < / td >
< td > < i > < port #> < / i > < / td >
< td > < br >
< / td >
< td > < br >
< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
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< / table >
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< / blockquote >
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< p align = "left" > So to forward UDP port 7777 to internal system 192.168.1.5,
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the rule is:< / p >
< blockquote >
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< table border = "1" cellpadding = "2" style = "border-collapse: collapse;"
id="AutoNumber1">
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< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < u > < b > ACTION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > DESTINATION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PROTOCOL< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > ORIG. DEST.< / b > < / u > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > DNAT< / td >
< td > net< / td >
< td > loc:192.168.1.5< / td >
< td > udp< / td >
< td > 7777< / td >
< td > < br >
< / td >
< td > < br >
< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
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< / table >
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< / blockquote >
< div align = "left" >
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< pre align = "left" > < font face = "Courier" > DNAT net loc:192.168.1.5 udp 7777< / font > < / pre >
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< / div >
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< p align = "left" > If you want to forward requests directed to a particular
address ( < i > < external IP> < / i > ) on your firewall to an internal system:< / p >
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< blockquote >
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< table border = "1" cellpadding = "2" style = "border-collapse: collapse;"
id="AutoNumber1">
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< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < u > < b > ACTION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > DESTINATION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PROTOCOL< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > ORIG. DEST.< / b > < / u > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > DNAT< / td >
< td > net< / td >
< td > loc:< i > < local IP address> < / i > [:< i > < local port< / i > > ]< / td >
< td > < i > < protocol> < / i > < / td >
< td > < i > < port #> < / i > < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > < i > < external IP> < / i > < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
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< / table >
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< / blockquote >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq1a" > < / a > 1a. Ok -- I followed those instructions
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but it doesn't work< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > That is usually the result of one of two things:< / p >
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< ul >
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< li > You are trying to test from inside your firewall (no, that won't
work -- see < a href = "#faq2" > FAQ #2< / a > ).< / li >
< li > You have a more basic problem with your local system such as an
incorrect default gateway configured (it should be set to the IP address
of your firewall's internal interface).< / li >
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< / ul >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq2" > < / a > 2. I port forward www requests to www.mydomain.com
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(IP 130.151.100.69) to system 192.168.1.5 in my local network. External clients
can browse http://www.mydomain.com but internal clients can't.< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > I have two objections to this setup.< / p >
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< ul >
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< li > Having an internet-accessible server in your local network
is like raising foxes in the corner of your hen house. If the server is
compromised, there's nothing between that server and your other internal
systems. For the cost of another NIC and a cross-over cable, you can put
your server in a DMZ such that it is isolated from your local systems
- assuming that the Server can be located near the Firewall, of course
:-)< / li >
< li > The accessibility problem is best solved using < a
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href="shorewall_setup_guide.htm#DNS">Bind Version 9 "views"< / a > (or using
a separate DNS server for local clients) such that www.mydomain.com resolves
to 130.141.100.69 externally and 192.168.1.5 internally. That's what
I do here at shorewall.net for my local systems that use static NAT.< / li >
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< / ul >
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< p align = "left" > If you insist on an IP solution to the accessibility problem
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rather than a DNS solution, then assuming that your external interface is
eth0 and your internal interface is eth1 and that eth1 has IP address 192.168.1.254
with subnet 192.168.1.0/24, do the following:< / p >
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< p align = "left" > a) In /etc/shorewall/interfaces, specify "multi" as an option
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for eth1.< / p >
< div align = "left" >
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< p align = "left" > b) In /etc/shorewall/rules, add:< / p >
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< / div >
< div align = "left" >
< blockquote >
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< table border = "1" cellpadding = "2" style = "border-collapse: collapse;"
id="AutoNumber1">
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< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < u > < b > ACTION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > DESTINATION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PROTOCOL< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > ORIG. DEST.< / b > < / u > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > DNAT< / td >
< td > loc:192.168.1.0/24< / td >
< td > loc:192.168.1.5< / td >
< td > tcp< / td >
< td > www< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > 130.151.100.69:192.168.1.254< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
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< / table >
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< / blockquote >
< / div >
< div align = "left" >
< pre align = "left" > < font face = "Courier" > DNAT loc:192.168.1.0/24 loc:192.168.1.5 tcp www - 130.151.100.69:192.168.1.254< / font > < / pre >
< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< p align = "left" > That rule only works of course if you have a static external
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IP address. If you have a dynamic IP address and are running Shorewall
1.3.4 or later then include this in /etc/shorewall/params:< / p >
< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< pre > ETH0_IP=`find_interface_address eth0`< / pre >
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< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< p align = "left" > and make your DNAT rule:< / p >
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< / div >
< div align = "left" >
< blockquote >
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< table border = "1" cellpadding = "2" style = "border-collapse: collapse;"
id="AutoNumber1">
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< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < u > < b > ACTION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > DESTINATION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PROTOCOL< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE PORT< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > ORIG. DEST.< / b > < / u > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > DNAT< / td >
< td > loc:192.168.1.0/24< / td >
< td > loc:192.168.1.5< / td >
< td > tcp< / td >
< td > www< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > $ETH0_IP:192.168.1.254< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
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< / table >
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< / blockquote >
< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< p align = "left" > Using this technique, you will want to configure your DHCP/PPPoE
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client to automatically restart Shorewall each time that you get a new IP
address.< / p >
< / div >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq2a" > < / a > 2a. I have a zone "Z" with an RFC1918
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subnet and I use static NAT to assign non-RFC1918 addresses to hosts in Z.
Hosts in Z cannot communicate with each other using their external (non-RFC1918
addresses) so they can't access each other using their DNS names.< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > This is another problem that is best solved
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using Bind Version 9 "views". It allows both external and internal clients
to access a NATed host using the host's DNS name.< / p >
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< p align = "left" > Another good way to approach this problem is to switch from
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static NAT to Proxy ARP. That way, the hosts in Z have non-RFC1918 addresses
and can be accessed externally and internally using the same address. < / p >
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< p align = "left" > If you don't like those solutions and prefer routing all Z-> Z
traffic through your firewall then:< / p >
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< p align = "left" > a) Specify "multi" on the entry for Z's interface in /etc/shorewall/interfaces.< br >
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b) Set the Z-> Z policy to ACCEPT.< br >
c) Masquerade Z to itself.< br >
< br >
Example:< / p >
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< p align = "left" > Zone: dmz< br >
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Interface: eth2< br >
Subnet: 192.168.2.0/24< / p >
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< p align = "left" > In /etc/shorewall/interfaces:< / p >
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< blockquote >
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< table border = "1" cellpadding = "2" style = "border-collapse: collapse;"
id="AutoNumber2">
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< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < u > < b > ZONE< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > INTERFACE< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > BROADCAST< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > OPTIONS< / b > < / u > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > dmz< / td >
< td > eth2< / td >
< td > 192.168.2.255< / td >
< td > multi< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
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< / table >
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< / blockquote >
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< p align = "left" > In /etc/shorewall/policy:< / p >
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< blockquote >
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< table border = "1" cellpadding = "2" style = "border-collapse: collapse;"
id="AutoNumber3">
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< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < u > < b > SOURCE < / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > DESTINATION< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > POLICY< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > LIMIT:BURST< / b > < / u > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > dmz< / td >
< td > dmz< / td >
< td > ACCEPT< / td >
< td > < br >
< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
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< / table >
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< / blockquote >
< div align = "left" >
< pre align = "left" > dmz dmz ACCEPT< / pre >
< / div >
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< p align = "left" > In /etc/shorewall/masq:< / p >
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< blockquote >
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< table border = "1" cellpadding = "2" style = "border-collapse: collapse;"
id="AutoNumber3" width="369">
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< tbody >
< tr >
< td width = "93" > < u > < b > INTERFACE < / b > < / u > < / td >
< td width = "31" > < u > < b > SUBNET< / b > < / u > < / td >
< td width = "120" > < u > < b > ADDRESS< / b > < / u > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td width = "93" > eth2< / td >
< td width = "31" > 192.168.2.0/24< / td >
< td width = "120" > < br >
< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
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< / table >
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< / blockquote >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq3" > < / a > 3. I want to use Netmeeting/MSN Messenger
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with Shorewall. What do I do?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > There is an < a
href="http://www.kfki.hu/%7Ekadlec/sw/netfilter/newnat-suite/"> H.323 connection
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tracking/NAT module< / a > that may help. Also check the Netfilter mailing list
archives at < a href = "http://netfilter.samba.org" > http://netfilter.samba.org< / a > .
< / p >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq4" > < / a > 4. I just used an online port scanner
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to check my firewall and it shows some ports as 'closed' rather than 'blocked'.
Why?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > The common.def included with version 1.3.x
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always rejects connection requests on TCP port 113 rather than dropping
them. This is necessary to prevent outgoing connection problems to services
that use the 'Auth' mechanism for identifying requesting users. Shorewall
also rejects TCP ports 135, 137 and 139 as well as UDP ports 137-139.
These are ports that are used by Windows (Windows < u > can< / u > be configured
to use the DCE cell locator on port 135). Rejecting these connection requests
rather than dropping them cuts down slightly on the amount of Windows
chatter on LAN segments connected to the Firewall. < / p >
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< p align = "left" > If you are seeing port 80 being 'closed', that's probably
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your ISP preventing you from running a web server in violation of your
Service Agreement.< / p >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq4a" > < / a > 4a. I just ran an nmap UDP scan of my
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firewall and it showed 100s of ports as open!!!!< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > Take a deep breath and read the nmap man page
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section about UDP scans. If nmap gets < b > nothing< / b > back from your firewall
then it reports the port as open. If you want to see which UDP ports are
really open, temporarily change your net-> all policy to REJECT, restart
Shorewall and do the nmap UDP scan again.< / p >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq5" > < / a > 5. I've installed Shorewall and now I
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can't ping through the firewall< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > If you want your firewall to be totally open
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for "ping": < / p >
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< p align = "left" > a) Do NOT specify 'noping' on any interface in /etc/shorewall/interfaces.< br >
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b) Copy /etc/shorewall/icmp.def to /etc/shorewall/icmpdef< br >
c) Add the following to /etc/shorewall/icmpdef: < / p >
< blockquote >
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< p align = "left" > run_iptables -A icmpdef -p ICMP --icmp-type echo-request
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-j ACCEPT < / p >
< / blockquote >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq6" > < / a > 6. Where are the log messages written
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and how do I change the destination?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > NetFilter uses the kernel's equivalent of syslog
(see "man syslog") to log messages. It always uses the LOG_KERN (kern) facility
(see "man openlog") and you get to choose the log level (again, see "man
syslog") in your < a href = "Documentation.htm#Policy" > policies< / a > and < a
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href="Documentation.htm#Rules">rules< / a > . The destination for messaged
logged by syslog is controlled by /etc/syslog.conf (see "man syslog.conf").
When you have changed /etc/syslog.conf, be sure to restart syslogd (on a RedHat
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system, "service syslog restart"). < / p >
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< p align = "left" > By default, older versions of Shorewall ratelimited log messages
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through < a href = "Documentation.htm#Conf" > settings< / a > in /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf
-- If you want to log all messages, set: < / p >
< div align = "left" >
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< pre align = "left" > LOGLIMIT=""< br > LOGBURST=""< / pre >
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< / div >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq6a" > < / a > 6a. Are there any log parsers that work
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with Shorewall?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > Here are several links that may be helpful:
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< / p >
< blockquote >
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< p align = "left" > < a
href="http://www.shorewall.net/pub/shorewall/parsefw/"> http://www.shorewall.net/pub/shorewall/parsefw/< / a > < br >
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< a href = "http://www.fireparse.com" > http://www.fireparse.com< / a > < br >
< a href = "http://cert.uni-stuttgart.de/projects/fwlogwatch" > http://cert.uni-stuttgart.de/projects/fwlogwatch< / a > < / p >
< / blockquote >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq7" > < / a > 7. When I stop Shorewall using 'shorewall
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stop', I can't connect to anything. Why doesn't that command work?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > The 'stop' command is intended to place your firewall into
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a safe state whereby only those interfaces/hosts having the 'routestopped'
option in /etc/shorewall/interfaces and /etc/shorewall/hosts are activated.
If you want to totally open up your firewall, you must use the 'shorewall
clear' command. < / p >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq8" > < / a > 8. When I try to start Shorewall on RedHat
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7.x, I get messages about insmod failing -- what's wrong?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > The output you will see looks something like
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this:< / p >
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< pre > /lib/modules/2.4.17/kernel/net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.o: init_module: Device or resource busy< br > Hint: insmod errors can be caused by incorrect module parameters, including invalid IO or IRQ parameters< br > /lib/modules/2.4.17/kernel/net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.o: insmod< br > /lib/modules/2.4.17/kernel/net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.o failed< br > /lib/modules/2.4.17/kernel/net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.o: insmod ip_tables failed< br > iptables v1.2.3: can't initialize iptables table `nat': iptables who? (do you need to insmod?)< br > Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded.< / pre >
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< p align = "left" > This is usually cured by the following sequence of commands:
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< / p >
< div align = "left" >
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< pre align = "left" > service ipchains stop< br > chkconfig --delete ipchains< br > rmmod ipchains< / pre >
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< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< p align = "left" > Also, be sure to check the < a href = "errata.htm" > errata< / a >
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for problems concerning the version of iptables (v1.2.3) shipped with RH7.2.< / p >
< / div >
< h4 align = "left" > < / h4 >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq9" > < / a > 9. Why can't Shorewall detect my interfaces
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properly?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > I just installed Shorewall and when I issue the start command,
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I see the following:< / p >
< div align = "left" >
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< pre > Processing /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf ...< br > Processing /etc/shorewall/params ...< br > Starting Shorewall...< br > Loading Modules...< br > Initializing...< br > Determining Zones...< br > Zones: net loc< br > Validating interfaces file...< br > Validating hosts file...< br > Determining Hosts in Zones...< br > < b > Net Zone: eth0:0.0.0.0/0< br > Local Zone: eth1:0.0.0.0/0< br > < / b > Deleting user chains...< br > Creating input Chains...< br > ...< / pre >
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< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< p align = "left" > Why can't Shorewall detect my interfaces properly?< / p >
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< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > The above output is perfectly normal. The Net
zone is defined as all hosts that are connected through eth0 and the local
zone is defined as all hosts connected through eth1< / p >
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< / div >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq10" > < / a > 10. What Distributions does it work
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with?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > Shorewall works with any GNU/Linux distribution that includes
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the < a href = "shorewall_prerequisites.htm" > proper prerequisites< / a > .< / p >
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< h4 align = "left" > 11. What Features does it have?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > See the < a href = "shorewall_features.htm" > Shorewall
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Feature List< / a > .< / p >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq12" > < / a > 12. Why isn't there a GUI?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > Every time I've started to work on one, I find
myself doing other things. I guess I just don't care enough if Shorewall
has a GUI to invest the effort to create one myself. There are several
Shorewall GUI projects underway however and I will publish links to
them when the authors feel that they are ready. < / p >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq13" > < / a > 13. Why do you call it "Shorewall"?< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > Shorewall is a concatenation of "< u > Shore< / u > line"
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(< a href = "http://www.cityofshoreline.com" > the city where I live< / a > )
and "Fire< u > wall< / u > ".< / p >
< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq14" > < / a > 14. I'm connected via a cable modem
and it has an internal web server that allows me to configure/monitor it
but as expected if I enable rfc1918 blocking for my eth0 interface (the
internet one), it also blocks the cable modems web server.< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > Is there any way it can add a rule before the rfc1918 blocking
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that will let all traffic to and from the 192.168.100.1 address of the modem
in/out but still block all other rfc1918 addresses.< / p >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > If you are running a version of Shorewall earlier
than 1.3.1, create /etc/shorewall/start and in it, place the following:< / p >
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< div align = "left" >
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< pre > run_iptables -I rfc1918 -s 192.168.100.1 -j ACCEPT< / pre >
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< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< p align = "left" > If you are running version 1.3.1 or later, simply add the
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following to< a href = "Documentation.htm#rfc1918" > /etc/shorewall/rfc1918< / a > :< / p >
< / div >
< div align = "left" >
< blockquote >
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< table border = "1" cellpadding = "2" style = "border-collapse: collapse;"
id="AutoNumber3">
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< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < u > < b > SUBNET < / b > < / u > < / td >
< td > < u > < b > TARGET< / b > < / u > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 192.168.100.1< / td >
< td > RETURN< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / blockquote >
< / div >
< div align = "left" >
< p align = "left" > Be sure that you add the entry ABOVE the entry for 192.168.0.0/16.< br >
< / p >
< p align = "left" > Note: If you add a second IP address to your external firewall
interface to correspond to the modem address, you must also make an entry
in /etc/shorewall/rfc1918 for that address. For example, if you configure
the address 192.168.100.2 on your firewall, then you would add two entries
to /etc/shorewall/rfc1918: < br >
< / p >
< blockquote >
< table cellpadding = "2" border = "1" style = "border-collapse: collapse;" >
< tbody >
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< tr >
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< td valign = "top" > < u > < b > SUBNET< / b > < / u > < br >
< / td >
< td valign = "top" > < u > < b > TARGET< / b > < / u > < br >
< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td valign = "top" > 192.168.100.1< br >
< / td >
< td valign = "top" > RETURN< br >
< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td valign = "top" > 192.168.100.2< br >
< / td >
< td valign = "top" > RETURN< br >
< / td >
< / tr >
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< / tbody >
< / table >
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< / blockquote >
< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq14a" > < / a > 14a. Even though it assigns public IP
addresses, my ISP's DHCP server has an RFC 1918 address. If I enable RFC
1918 filtering on my external interface, my DHCP client cannot renew its
lease.< / h4 >
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< / div >
< div align = "left" >
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< p align = "left" > The solution is the same as FAQ 14 above. Simply substitute
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the IP address of your ISPs DHCP server.< / p >
< / div >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq15" > < / a > 15. My local systems can't see out to
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the net< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > Every time I read "systems can't see out to
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the net", I wonder where the poster bought computers with eyes and what
those computers will "see" when things are working properly. That aside,
the most common causes of this problem are:< / p >
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< ol >
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< li >
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< p align = "left" > The default gateway on each local system isn't set to
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the IP address of the local firewall interface.< / p >
< / li >
< li >
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< p align = "left" > The entry for the local network in the /etc/shorewall/masq
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file is wrong or missing.< / p >
< / li >
< li >
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< p align = "left" > The DNS settings on the local systems are wrong or the
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user is running a DNS server on the firewall and hasn't enabled UDP and
TCP port 53 from the firewall to the internet.< / p >
< / li >
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< / ol >
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< h4 align = "left" > < a name = "faq16" > < / a > 16. Shorewall is writing log messages
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all over my console making it unusable!< / h4 >
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< p align = "left" > < b > Answer: < / b > "man dmesg" -- add a suitable 'dmesg' command
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to your startup scripts or place it in /etc/shorewall/start. Under RedHat,
the max log level that is sent to the console is specified in /etc/sysconfig/init
in the LOGLEVEL variable.< / p >
< div align = "left" > < / div >
< p align = "left" > < font size = "2" > Last updated 10/8/2002 - < a
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href="support.htm">Tom Eastep< / a > < / font > < / p >
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< p > < font face = "Trebuchet MS" > < a href = "copyright.htm" > < font size = "2" > Copyright< / font >
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<20> < font size = "2" > 2001, 2002 Thomas M. Eastep.< / font > < / a > < / font > < br >
< / p >
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< / body >
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< / html >
