forked from extern/shorewall_code
7bb80bf3fe
git-svn-id: https://shorewall.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/shorewall/trunk@774 fbd18981-670d-0410-9b5c-8dc0c1a9a2bb
503 lines
26 KiB
HTML
503 lines
26 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
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content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
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<title>Shoreline Firewall (Shorewall) 1.4</title>
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<base target="_self">
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</head>
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<body>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4"
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style="border-collapse: collapse;" width="100%" id="AutoNumber3"
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bgcolor="#3366ff">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td width="33%" height="90" valign="middle" align="center"><a
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href="http://www.cityofshoreline.com"> </a><img src="images/Logo1.png"
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alt="(Shorewall Logo)" width="430" height="90"> <br>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<div align="center">
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<center>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"
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style="border-collapse: collapse;" width="100%" id="AutoNumber4">
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td width="90%">
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<h2>Introduction<br>
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</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="http://www.netfilter.org">Netfilter</a> - the
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packet filter facility built into the 2.4 and later Linux kernels.</li>
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<li>ipchains - the packet filter facility built into the 2.2
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Linux kernels. Also the name of the utility program used to configure
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and control that facility. Netfilter can be used in ipchains
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compatibility mode.<br>
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</li>
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<li>iptables - the utility program used to configure and
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control Netfilter. The term 'iptables' is often used to refer to the
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combination of iptables+Netfilter (with Netfilter not in ipchains
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compatibility mode).<br>
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</li>
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</ul>
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The Shoreline Firewall, more commonly known as "Shorewall", is
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high-level tool for configuring Netfilter. You describe your
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firewall/gateway requirements using entries in a set of configuration
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files. Shorewall reads those configuration files and with the help of
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the iptables utility, Shorewall configures Netfilter to match your
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requirements. Shorewall can be used on a dedicated firewall system, a
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multi-function gateway/router/server or on a standalone GNU/Linux
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system. Shorewall does not use Netfilter's ipchains compatibility mode
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and can thus take advantage of Netfilter's connection state tracking
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capabilities.
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<p>This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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modify it under the terms of <a
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href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">Version 2 of the GNU
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General Public License</a> as published by the Free Software Foundation.<br>
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<br>
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This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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General
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Public License for more details.<br>
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<br>
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
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with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
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675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA</p>
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<p><a href="copyright.htm">Copyright 2001, 2002, 2003 Thomas M.
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Eastep</a></p>
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<h2>This is the Shorewall 1.4 Web Site</h2>
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The information on this site applies only to 1.4.x releases of
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Shorewall. For older versions:<br>
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<ul>
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<li>The 1.3 site is <a href="http://www.shorewall.net/1.3"
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target="_top">here.</a></li>
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<li>The 1.2 site is <a href="http://shorewall.net/1.2/"
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target="_top">here</a>.<br>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h2>Getting Started with Shorewall</h2>
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New to Shorewall? Start by selecting the <a
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href="shorewall_quickstart_guide.htm">QuickStart Guide</a> that most
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closely match your environment and follow the step by step instructions.<br>
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<h2>Looking for Information?</h2>
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The <a href="shorewall_quickstart_guide.htm#Documentation">Documentation
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Index</a> is a good place to start as is the Quick Search to your
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right.
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<h2>Running Shorewall on Mandrake with a two-interface setup?</h2>
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If so, the documentation<b> </b>on this site will not apply directly
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to
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your setup. If you want to use the documentation that you find here,
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you will want to consider uninstalling what you have and installing a
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setup that matches the documentation on this site. See the <a
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href="two-interface.htm">Two-interface QuickStart Guide</a> for
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details.
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<h2></h2>
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<h2><b>News</b></h2>
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<p><b>10/21/2003 - Shorewall 1.4.7a</b><b> <img
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style="border: 0px solid ; width: 28px; height: 12px;"
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src="images/new10.gif" alt="(New)" title=""></b></p>
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<p>This is a bugfix rollup of the following problem corrections:<br>
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</p>
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<ol>
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<li>Tuomo Soini has supplied a correction to a problem that
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occurs
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using some versions of 'ash'. The symptom is that "shorewall start"
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fails with:<br>
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<br>
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local: --limit: bad variable name<br>
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iptables v1.2.8: Couldn't load match
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`-j':/lib/iptables/libipt_-j.so:<br>
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cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory<br>
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Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more
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information.<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>Andres Zhoglo has supplied a correction that avoids trying
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to use the multiport match iptables facility on ICMP rules.<br>
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<br>
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Example of rule that previously caused "shorewall start"
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to fail:<br>
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<br>
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ACCEPT loc $FW
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icmp 0,8,11,12<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>Previously, if the following error message was issued,
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Shorewall was left in an inconsistent state.<br>
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<br>
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Error: Unable to determine the routes routes through
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interface xxx<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>Handling of the LOGUNCLEAN option in shorewall.conf has
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been corrected.</li>
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<li>In Shorewall 1.4.2, an optimization was added. This
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optimization
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involved creating a chain named "<zone>_frwd" for most zones
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defined using the /etc/shorewall/hosts file. It has since been
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discovered that in many cases these new chains contain redundant rules
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and that the "optimization" turns out to be less than optimal. The
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implementation has now been corrected.</li>
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<li>When the MARK value in a tcrules entry is followed by ":F"
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or
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":P", the ":F" or ":P" was previously only applied to the first
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Netfilter rule generated by the entry. It is now applied to all entries.</li>
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</ol>
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<b>10/06/2003 - Shorewall 1.4.7</b><b> <img
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style="border: 0px solid ; width: 28px; height: 12px;"
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src="images/new10.gif" alt="(New)" title=""></b><br>
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<b><br>
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Problems Corrected since version 1.4.6 (Those in bold font were
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corrected since 1.4.7 RC2).</b><br>
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<ol>
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<li>Corrected problem in 1.4.6 where the MANGLE_ENABLED
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variable was being tested before it was set.</li>
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<li>Corrected handling of MAC addresses in the SOURCE column of
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the tcrules file. Previously, these addresses resulted in an invalid
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iptables command.</li>
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<li>The "shorewall stop" command is now disabled when
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/etc/shorewall/startup_disabled exists. This prevents people from
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shooting themselves in the foot prior to having configured Shorewall.</li>
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<li>A change introduced in version 1.4.6 caused error messages
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during "shorewall [re]start" when ADD_IP_ALIASES=Yes and ip addresses
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were being added to a PPP interface; the addresses were successfully
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added in spite of the messages.<br>
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<br>
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The firewall script has been modified to eliminate the error messages</li>
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<li>Interface-specific dynamic blacklisting chains are now
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displayed by "shorewall monitor" on the "Dynamic Chains" page
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(previously named "Dynamic Chain").</li>
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<li>Thanks to Henry Yang, LOGRATE and LOGBURST now work again.</li>
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<li value="7">The 'shorewall reject' and 'shorewall drop'
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commands now delete any existing rules for the subject IP address
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before adding a new DROP or REJECT rule. Previously, there could be
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many rules for the same IP address in the dynamic chain so that
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multiple 'allow' commands were required to re-enable traffic to/from
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the address.</li>
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<li>When ADD_SNAT_ALIASES=Yes in shorewall.conf, the following
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entry in /etc/shorewall/masq resulted in a startup error:<br>
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<br>
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eth0 eth1
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206.124.146.20-206.124.146.24<br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>Shorewall previously choked over IPV6 addresses configured
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on interfaces in contexts where Shorewall needed to detect something
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about the interface (such as when "detect" appears in the BROADCAST
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column of the /etc/shorewall/interfaces file).</li>
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<li>Shorewall will now load module files that are formed from
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the module name by appending ".o.gz".</li>
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<li>When Shorewall adds a route to a proxy ARP host and such a
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route already exists, two routes resulted previously. This has been
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corrected so that the existing route is replaced if it already exists.</li>
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<li>The rfc1918 file has been updated to reflect recent
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allocations.</li>
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<li>The documentation of the USER SET column in the rules file
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has been corrected.</li>
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<li>If there is no policy defined for the zones specified in a
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rule, the firewall script previously encountered a shell syntax error:<br>
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<br>
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[: NONE: unexpected operator<br>
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<br>
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Now, the absence of a policy generates an error message and the
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firewall is stopped:<br>
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<br>
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No policy defined from zone
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<source> to zone <dest><br>
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<br>
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</li>
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<li>Previously, if neither /etc/shorewall/common nor
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/etc/shorewall/common.def existed, Shorewall would fail to start and
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would not remove the lock file. Failure to remove the lock file
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resulted in the following during subsequent attempts to start:<br>
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<br>
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Loading /usr/share/shorewall/functions...<br>
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Processing /etc/shorewall/params ...<br>
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Processing /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf...<br>
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Giving up on lock file /var/lib/shorewall/lock<br>
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Shorewall Not Started<br>
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<br>
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Shorewall now reports a fatal error if neither of these two files exist
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and correctly removes the lock fille.</li>
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<li>The order of processing the various options has been
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changed such that blacklist entries now take precedence over the 'dhcp'
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interface setting.</li>
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<li>The log message generated from the 'logunclean' interface
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option has been changed to reflect a disposition of LOG rather than
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DROP.</li>
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<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">When a user name and/or a
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group name was specified in the USER SET column and the destination
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zone
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was qualified with a IP address, the user and/or group name was not
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being used to qualify the rule.<br>
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<br>
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Example:<br>
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<br>
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ACCEPT fw net:192.0.2.12 tcp 23 - - - vladimir:<br>
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<br>
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</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-weight: bold;">The /etc/shorewall/masq
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file has had the spurious "/" character at the front removed.</span></li>
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</ol>
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<b>Migration Issues:</b><br>
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<ol>
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<li>Shorewall IP Traffic Accounting has changed since snapshot
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20030813 -- see the <a href="Accounting.html">Accounting Page</a> for
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details.</li>
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<li>The Uset Set capability introduced in SnapShot 20030821 has
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changed -- see the <a href="UserSets.html">User Set page</a> for
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details.</li>
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<li>The per-interface Dynamic Blacklisting facility introduced
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in the first post-1.4.6 Snapshot has been removed. The facility had too
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many idiosyncrasies for dial-up users to be a viable part of Shorewall.<br>
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</li>
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</ol>
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<b></b><b>New Features:</b><br>
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<ol>
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<li>Shorewall now creates a dynamic blacklisting chain for each
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interface defined in /etc/shorewall/interfaces. The 'drop' and 'reject'
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commands use the routing table to determine which of these chains is to
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be used for blacklisting the specified IP address(es).<br>
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<br>
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Two new commands ('dropall' and 'rejectall') have been introduced that
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do what 'drop' and 'reject' used to do; namely, when an address is
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blacklisted using these new commands, it will be blacklisted on all of
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your firewall's interfaces.</li>
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<li>Thanks to Steve Herber, the 'help' command can now give
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command-specific help (e.g., shorewall help <command>).</li>
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<li>A new option "ADMINISABSENTMINDED" has been added to
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/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf. This option has a default value of "No"
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for existing users which causes Shorewall's 'stopped' state to
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continue
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as it has been; namely, in the stopped state only traffic to/from hosts
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listed in /etc/shorewall/routestopped is accepted.<br>
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<br>
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With ADMINISABSENTMINDED=Yes (the default for new installs), in
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addition to traffic to/from the hosts listed in
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/etc/shorewall/routestopped, Shorewall will allow:<br>
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<br>
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a) All traffic originating from the firewall itself; and<br>
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b) All traffic that is part of or related to an
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already-existing
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connection.<br>
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<br>
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In particular, with ADMINISABSENTMINDED=Yes, a "shorewall stop"
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entered through an ssh session will not kill the session.<br>
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<br>
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Note though that even with ADMINISABSENTMINDED=Yes, it is still
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possible for people to shoot themselves in the foot.<br>
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<br>
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Example:<br>
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<br>
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/etc/shorewall/nat:<br>
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<br>
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206.124.146.178
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eth0:0 192.168.1.5 <br>
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<br>
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/etc/shorewall/rules:<br>
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<br>
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ACCEPT net
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loc:192.168.1.5 tcp 22<br>
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ACCEPT loc
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fw tcp 22<br>
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<br>
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From a remote system, I ssh to 206.124.146.178 which establishes an SSH
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connection with local system 192.168.1.5. I then create a second SSH
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connection from that computer to the firewall and confidently type
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"shorewall stop". As part of its stop processing, Shorewall removes
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eth0:0 which kills my SSH connection to 192.168.1.5!!!</li>
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<li>Given the wide range of VPN software, I can never hope to
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add specific support for all of it. I have therefore decided to add
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"generic" tunnel support.<br>
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<br>
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Generic tunnels work pretty much like any of the other tunnel types.
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You usually add a zone to represent the systems at the other end of the
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tunnel and you add the appropriate rules/policies to<br>
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implement your security policy regarding traffic to/from those systems.<br>
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<br>
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In the /etc/shorewall/tunnels file, you can have entries of the form:<br>
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<br>
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generic:<protocol>[:<port>] <zone> <ip
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address> <gateway zones><br>
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<br>
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where:<br>
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<br>
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<protocol> is the protocol
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used by the tunnel<br>
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<port> if the protocol
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is 'udp' or 'tcp' then this is the
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destination port number used by the tunnel.<br>
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<zone> is the zone of
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the remote tunnel gateway<br>
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<ip address> is the IP
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address of the remote tunnel
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gateway.<br>
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<gateway zone>
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Optional. A comma-separated list of zone
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names. If specified, the remote gateway is to be considered part of
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these zones.</li>
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<li>An 'arp_filter' option has been added to the
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/etc/shorewall/interfaces file. This option causes
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/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/<interface>/arp_filter to be set with the
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result that this interface will only answer ARP 'who-has' requests from
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hosts that are routed out through that interface. Setting this option
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facilitates testing of your firewall where multiple firewall interfaces
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are connected to the same HUB/Switch (all interfaces connected to the
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single HUB/Switch should have this option specified). Note that using
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such a configuration in a production environment is strongly
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recommended
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against.</li>
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<li>The ADDRESS column in /etc/shorewall/masq may now include a
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comma-separated list of addresses and/or address ranges. Netfilter will
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use all listed addresses/ranges in round-robin fashion. \</li>
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<li>An /etc/shorewall/accounting file has been added to allow
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for traffic accounting. See the <a href="Accounting.html">accounting
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documentation</a> for a description of this facility.</li>
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<li>Bridge interfaces (br[0-9]) may now be used in
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/etc/shorewall/maclist.</li>
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<li>ACCEPT, DNAT[-], REDIRECT[-] and LOG rules defined in
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/etc/shorewall/rules may now be rate-limited. For DNAT and REDIRECT
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rules, rate limiting occurs in the nat table DNAT rule; the
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corresponding ACCEPT rule in the filter table is not rate limited. If
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you want to limit the filter table rule, you will need o create two
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rules; a DNAT- rule and an ACCEPT rule which can be rate-limited
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separately.<br>
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<br>
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<span style="font-weight: bold;">Warning: </span>When rate
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limiting is specified on a rule with "all" in the SOURCE or DEST
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fields,
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the limit will apply to each pair of zones individually rather than as
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a single limit for all pairs of covered by the rule.<br>
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<br>
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To specify a rate limit, <br>
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<br>
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a) Follow ACCEPT, DNAT[-], REDIRECT[-] or LOG with<br>
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<br>
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<
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<rate>/<interval>[:<burst>] ><br>
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<br>
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where<br>
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<br>
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<rate> is the sustained rate per
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<interval><br>
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<interval> is "sec" or "min"<br>
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<burst> is the largest burst
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accepted within an
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<interval>. If not given, the default of 5 is assumed.<br>
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<br>
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There may be no white space between the ACTION and "<" nor there may
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be any white space within the burst specification. If you want to
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specify logging of a rate-limited rule, the ":" and log level comes
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after the ">" (e.g., ACCEPT<2/sec:4>:info ).<br>
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<br>
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b) A new RATE LIMIT column has been added to the /etc/shorewall/rules
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file. You may specify the rate limit there in the format:<br>
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<br>
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<rate>/<interval>[:<burst>]<br>
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<br>
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Let's take an example:<br>
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<br>
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ACCEPT<2/sec:4>
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net dmz
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tcp 80<br>
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<br>
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The first time this rule is reached, the packet will be accepted; in
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fact, since the burst is 4, the first four packets will be accepted.
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After this, it will be 500ms (1 second divided by the rate<br>
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of 2) before a packet will be accepted from this rule, regardless of
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how many packets reach it. Also, every 500ms which passes without
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matching a packet, one of the bursts will be regained; if no packets
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hit
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the rule for 2 second, the burst will be fully recharged; back where we
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started.<br>
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</li>
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<li>Multiple chains may now be displayed in one "shorewall
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show" command (e.g., shorewall show INPUT FORWARD OUTPUT).</li>
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<li>Output rules (those with $FW as the SOURCE) may now be
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limited to a set of local users and/or groups. See <a
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href="UserSets.html">http://shorewall.net/UserSets.html</a> for
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details.</li>
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</ol>
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<p><b><a href="News.htm">More News</a></b></p>
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<b> </b>
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<h2><b> </b></h2>
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<b> </b>
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<p> <a href="http://leaf.sourceforge.net" target="_top"><img
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border="0" src="images/leaflogo.gif" width="49" height="36"
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alt="(Leaf Logo)"> </a>Jacques Nilo and Eric Wolzak have a LEAF
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(router/firewall/gateway on a floppy, CD or compact flash) distribution
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|
called <i>Bering</i> that features Shorewall-1.4.2 and Kernel-2.4.20.
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You can find their work at: <a
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|
href="http://leaf.sourceforge.net/devel/jnilo">
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|
http://leaf.sourceforge.net/devel/jnilo</a></p>
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<b>Congratulations to Jacques and Eric on the recent release of
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Bering 1.2!!! </b><br>
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|
<h1 align="center"><b><a href="http://www.sf.net"><img
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|
align="left" alt="SourceForge Logo"
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|
src="http://sourceforge.net/sflogo.php?group_id=22587&type=3"> </a></b></h1>
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<b> </b>
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<h4><b> </b></h4>
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<b> </b>
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|
<h2><b>This site is hosted by the generous folks at <a
|
|
href="http://www.sf.net">SourceForge.net</a> </b></h2>
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<b> </b>
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<h2><b><a name="Donations"></a>Donations</b></h2>
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<b> </b></td>
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|
<td width="88" bgcolor="#3366ff" valign="top" align="center">
|
|
<form method="post"
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|
action="http://lists.shorewall.net/cgi-bin/htsearch">
|
|
<p><strong><br>
|
|
<font color="#ffffff"><b>Note: </b></font></strong> <font
|
|
color="#ffffff">Search is unavailable Daily 0200-0330 GMT.</font><br>
|
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</p>
|
|
<p><font color="#ffffff"><strong>Quick Search</strong></font><br>
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<font face="Arial" size="-1"> <input type="text" name="words"
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size="15"></font><font size="-1"> </font><font face="Arial" size="-1">
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<input type="hidden" name="format" value="long"> <input
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type="hidden" name="method" value="and"> <input type="hidden"
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name="config" value="htdig"> <input type="submit" value="Search"></font>
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</p>
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<font face="Arial"> <input type="hidden" name="exclude"
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value="[http://lists.shorewall.net/pipermail/*]"> </font> </form>
|
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<p><font color="#ffffff"><b> <a
|
|
href="http://lists.shorewall.net/htdig/search.html"> <font
|
|
color="#ffffff">Extended Search</font></a></b></font></p>
|
|
<a target="_top" href="1.3/index.html"><font color="#ffffff"> </font></a><a
|
|
target="_top" href="http://www1.shorewall.net/1.2/index.htm"><font
|
|
color="#ffffff"><small><small><small></small></small></small></font></a><br>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</center>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|
|
style="border-collapse: collapse;" width="100%" id="AutoNumber2"
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|
bgcolor="#3366ff">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td width="100%" style="margin-top: 1px;">
|
|
<p align="center"><a href="http://www.starlight.org"> <img
|
|
border="4" src="images/newlog.gif" width="57" height="100" align="left"
|
|
hspace="10"> </a></p>
|
|
<p align="center"><font size="4" color="#ffffff"><br>
|
|
<font size="+2">Shorewall is free but if you try it and find it
|
|
useful, please consider making a donation to <a
|
|
href="http://www.starlight.org"><font color="#ffffff">Starlight
|
|
Children's Foundation.</font></a> Thanks!</font></font></p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
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|
</tbody>
|
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</table>
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<p><font size="2">Updated 10/21/2003 - <a href="support.htm">Tom Eastep</a></font>
|
|
<br>
|
|
</p>
|
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</body>
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</html>
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