forked from extern/shorewall_code
1378 lines
47 KiB
XML
1378 lines
47 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
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<article id="Install">
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<!--$Id$-->
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<articleinfo>
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<title>Shorewall Installation and Upgrade</title>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Tom</firstname>
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<surname>Eastep</surname>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<pubdate><?dbtimestamp format="Y/m/d"?></pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2001-</year>
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<year>2006</year>
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<year>2009</year>
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<year>2012</year>
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<holder>Thomas M. Eastep</holder>
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</copyright>
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<legalnotice>
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<para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
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1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with
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no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover, and with no Back-Cover
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Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
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<quote><ulink url="GnuCopyright.htm">GNU Free Documentation
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License</ulink></quote>.</para>
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</legalnotice>
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</articleinfo>
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<caution>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">This article applies to Shorewall 4.3 and
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later. If you are installing or upgrading to a version of Shorewall
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earlier than Shorewall 4.3.5 then please see the documentation for that
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release.</emphasis></para>
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</caution>
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<important>
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<para>Before attempting installation, I strongly urge you to read and
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print a copy of the <ulink url="shorewall_quickstart_guide.htm">Shorewall
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QuickStart</ulink> Guide for the configuration that most closely matches
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your own. This article only tells you how to install the product on your
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system. The QuickStart Guides describe how to configure the
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product.</para>
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</important>
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<important>
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<para>Before upgrading, be sure to review the <ulink
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url="upgrade_issues.htm">Upgrade Issues</ulink>.</para>
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</important>
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<note>
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<para>Shorewall RPMs are signed. To avoid warnings such as the
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following<programlisting>warning: shorewall-3.2.1-1.noarch.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6c562ac4</programlisting></para>
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<para>download the <ulink
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url="https://lists.shorewall.net/shorewall.gpg.key">Shorewall GPG
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key</ulink> and run this command:</para>
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<programlisting><command>rpm --import shorewall.gpg.key</command></programlisting>
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</note>
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<section id="Install_RPM">
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<title>Install using RPM</title>
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<para>To install Shorewall using the RPM:</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">Be sure that you have the correct RPM
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package!</emphasis></para>
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<para>The standard RPM package from shorewall.net and the mirrors is
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known to work with <emphasis
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role="bold"><trademark>SUSE</trademark></emphasis>, <emphasis
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role="bold"><trademark>Power PPC</trademark></emphasis>, <emphasis
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role="bold"><trademark>Trustix</trademark></emphasis> and <emphasis
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role="bold"><trademark>TurboLinux</trademark></emphasis>. There is
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also an RPM package provided by Simon Matter that is tailored for
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<trademark><emphasis role="bold">RedHat/Fedora</emphasis></trademark>
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and another package from Jack Coates that is customized for <emphasis
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role="bold"><trademark>Mandriva</trademark></emphasis>. All of these
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are available from the <ulink
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url="http://www.shorewall.net/download.htm">download
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page</ulink>.</para>
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<para>If you try to install the wrong package, it probably won't
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work.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Install the RPMs</para>
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<programlisting><command>rpm -ivh <shorewall rpm></command></programlisting>
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<caution>
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<para>Some users are in the habit of using the <command>rpm
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-U</command> command for installing packages as well as for updating
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them. If you use that command when installing the Shorewall RPM then
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you will have to manually enable Shorewall startup at boot time by
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running <command>chkconfig</command>, <command>insserv</command> or
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whatever utility you use to manipulate you init symbolic
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links.</para>
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</caution>
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<note>
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<para>Shorewall is dependent on the iproute package. Unfortunately,
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some distributions call this package iproute2 which will cause the
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installation of Shorewall to fail with the diagnostic:</para>
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<programlisting>error: failed dependencies:iproute is needed by shorewall-3.2.x-1</programlisting>
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<para>This problem should not occur if you are using the correct RPM
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package (see 1., above) but may be worked around by using the
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--nodeps option of rpm.</para>
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<programlisting><command>rpm -ivh --nodeps <rpms></command></programlisting>
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</note>
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<para>Example:<programlisting><command>rpm -ivh shorewall-4.3.5-0base.noarch.rpm</command></programlisting></para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</section>
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<section id="Install_Tarball">
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<title>Install using tarball</title>
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<section>
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<title>Versions 4.5.2 and Later</title>
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<para>Shorewall 4.5.2 introduced a change in the philosopy used by the
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Shorewall installers. 4.5.2 introduced the concept of
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<firstterm>shorewallrc files</firstterm>. These files define the
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parameters to the install process. During the first installation using
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<emphasis role="bold">Shorewall-core</emphasis> 4.5.2 or later, a
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shorewallrc file named ${HOME}/.shorewallrc will be installed. That file
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will provide the default parameters for installing other Shorewall
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components of the same or later verion.</para>
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<para>Note that <emphasis role="bold">you must install Shorewall-core
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before installing any other Shorewall package</emphasis>.</para>
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<para>Each of the Shorewall packages contains a set of
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distribution-specific shorewallrc files:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>shorewallrc.apple (OS X)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>shorewallrc.archlinux</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>shorewallrc.cygwin (Cygwin running on Windows)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>shorewallrc.debian (Debian and derivatives)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>shoreallrc.default (Generic Linux)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>shorewallrc.redhat (Fedora, RHEL and derivatives)</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>shorewallrc.slackware</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>shorewallrc.suse (SLES and OpenSuSE)</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>When installing 4.5.2 or later for the first time, a special
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procedure must be followed:</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Select the shorewallrc file that is closest to your
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needs.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Review the settings in the file.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If you want to change something then you have two
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choices:</para>
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<orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">
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<listitem>
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<para>Copy the file to shorewallrc and edit the copy to meet
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your needs; or</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If the system has Bash (/bin/bash) 4.0 or later installed,
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you can run ./configure (see below). If you are installing
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4.5.2.1 or later and your system has Perl installed, you can use
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the Perl version (./configure.pl).</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>./install.sh</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If you don't need to change the file, then simply:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>./install.sh
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<replaceable>shorewallrcfile-that-meets-your-needs</replaceable></member>
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<member/>
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<member>Example: <command>./install
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shorewallrc.debian</command></member>
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</simplelist>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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<para>The shorewall-core install.sh script will store the shorewallrc
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file in ~/.shorewallrc where it will provide the defaults for future
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installations of all Shorewall products. Other packages/versions can be
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installed by simply typing</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member><command>./install.sh</command></member>
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</simplelist>
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<section id="shorewallrc">
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<title>Settings in a shorewallrc file</title>
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<para>A shorewallrc file contains a number of lines of the form
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<replaceable>option</replaceable>=<replaceable>value.</replaceable>
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Because some of the installers are shared between Shorewall products,
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the files assume the definition of the symbol PRODUCT. $PRODUCT will
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contain the name of a Shorewall product (shorewall-core, shorewall,
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shorewall6, shorewall-lite, shorewall6-lite or shorewall-init).</para>
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<para>Valid values for <replaceable>option</replaceable> are:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>HOST</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selects the shorewallrc file to use for default settings.
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Valid values are:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>apple</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>OS X</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>archlinux</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Archlinux</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>cygwin</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Cygwin running under Windows</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>debian</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Debian and derivatives (Ubuntu, Kbuntu, etc)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>default</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Generic Linux</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>redhat</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Fedora, RHEL and derivatives (CentOS, Foobar,
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etc)</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>slackware</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Slackware Linux</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>suse</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>SLES and OpenSuSe</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>PREFIX</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Top-level directory under which most Shorewall components
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are installed. All standard shorewallrc files define this as
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<emphasis role="bold">\usr</emphasis>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SHAREDIR</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The directory where most Shorewall components are
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installed. In all of the standard shorewallrc file, this option
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has the value <emphasis
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role="bold">${PREFIX}/share</emphasis>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>LIBEXECDIR</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Directory where internal executables are stored. In the
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standard shorewallrc files, the default is either <emphasis
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role="bold">${PREFIX}/share</emphasis> or <emphasis
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role="bold">${PREFIX}/libexec</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>PERLLIBDIR</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Directory where the Shorewall Perl modules are installed.
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Then will be installed in this directory under the sub-directory
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Shorewall. Default is distribution-specific.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>CONFDIR</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Directory where subsystem configuration data is stored.
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Default is <emphasis role="bold">/etc</emphasis> in all
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shorewallrc file.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SBINDIR</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Directory where CLI programs will be installed. Default in
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all shorewallrc files is /<emphasis
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role="bold">sbin</emphasis>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>MANDIR</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Directory under which manpages are to be installed.
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Default is distribution dependent.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>INITDIR</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Directory under which SysV init scripts are installed.
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Default is distribution dependent.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>INITSOURCE</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>File in the package that is to be installed as the SysV
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init script for the product.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>INITFILE</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The name of the SysV init script when installed under
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$INITDIR. May be empty, in which case no SysV init script will
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be installed. This is usually the case on systems that run
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systemd and on systems like Cygwin or OS X where Shorewall can't
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act as a firewall.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>AUXINITSOURCE and AUXINITFILE</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Analogs of INITSOURCE and INITFILE for distributions, like
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Slackware, that have a master SysV init script and multiple
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subordinate scripts.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SYSTEMD</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The directory under which the product's .service file is
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to be installed. Should only be specified on systems running
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systemd.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SYSCONFDIR</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The directory where package SysV init configuration files
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are to be installed. <emphasis
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role="bold">/etc/default</emphasis> on Debian and derivatives
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|
and <emphasis role="bold">/etc/sysconfig</emphasis>
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otherwise</para>
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</listitem>
|
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SYSCONFFILE</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>The file in the Shorewall package that should be installed
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as ${SYSCONFDIR}/$PRODUCT</para>
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</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
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<term>ANNOTATED</term>
|
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|
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<listitem>
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<para>Value is either empty or non-empty. Non-empty indicates
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that files in ${CONFDIR}/${PRODUCT} should be annotated with
|
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manpage documentation.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
|
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|
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<varlistentry>
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<term>SPARSE</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>Value is either empty or non-empty. When non-empty, only
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${PRODUCT}.conf will be installed in
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${CONFDIR}/${PRODUCT}</para>
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</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>VARLIB</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
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|
<para>Added in Shorewall 4.5.8. Directory where subsystem state
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|
data is to be stored. Default is <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">/var/lib</emphasis>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>VARDIR</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Shorewall 4.5.7 and earlier: Directory where subsystem
|
|
state data is to be stored. Default is <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">/var/lib</emphasis>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Shorewall 4.5.8 and later: Default is <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">/var/lib/$PRODUCT</emphasis>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>From Shorewall 4.5.2 through 4.5.7, there were two
|
|
interpretations of VARDIR. In the shorewallrc file, it referred to
|
|
the directory where all Shorewall product state would be stored
|
|
(default <emphasis role="bold">/var/lib</emphasis>). But in the code
|
|
and in shorewall-vardir(5), it referred to the directory where an
|
|
individual products state would be stored (e.g., <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">/var/lib/shorewall</emphasis>).</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>In Shorewall 4.5.8, the variable VARLIB was added to
|
|
shorewallrc. In that release, the shorewallrc files packaged with
|
|
the Shorewall products were changed to include these two
|
|
lines:</para>
|
|
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member>VARLIB=/var/lib</member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>VARDIR defaults to '${VARLIB}/${PRODUCT}' if VARLIB is
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|
specified and VARDIR isn't.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The consumers of shorewallrc were changed so that if there is
|
|
no VARLIB setting, then VARLIB is set to $VARDIR and $VARDIR is set
|
|
to ${VARLIB}/${PRODUCT}. This allows existing
|
|
<filename>shorewallrc</filename> files to be used unchanged.</para>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>configure Script</title>
|
|
|
|
<warning>
|
|
<para>The configure script requires Bash 4.0 or later. Beginning
|
|
with Shorewall 4.5.2.1, a Perl version (configure.pl) of the script
|
|
is included for use by packagers that have to deal with systems with
|
|
earlier versions of Bash. The configure.pl script works identically
|
|
to the Bash version.</para>
|
|
</warning>
|
|
|
|
<para>The configure script creates a file named
|
|
<filename>shorewallrc</filename> in the current working directory.
|
|
This file is the default input file to the
|
|
i<command>nstall.sh</command> scripts. It is run as follows:</para>
|
|
|
|
<simplelist>
|
|
<member><command>./configure</command>[.pl] [
|
|
<replaceable>option</replaceable>=<replaceable>value</replaceable> ]
|
|
...</member>
|
|
</simplelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>The possible values for option are the same as those shone above
|
|
in the shorewallrc file. They may be specified in either upper or
|
|
lower case and may optionally be prefixed by '--'. To facilitate use
|
|
with the rpm %configure script, the following options are
|
|
supported:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>vendor</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Alias for <emphasis role="bold">host</emphasis>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>sharedstatedir</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Shorewall 4.5.2 - 4.5.7 Alias for <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">vardir</emphasis>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Shorewall 4.5.8 and later. Alias for <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">varlib</emphasis>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>datadir</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Alias for <emphasis
|
|
role="bold">sharedir</emphasis>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Note that %configure may dsgenerate option/value pairs that are
|
|
incompatible with the <command>configure</command> script. The current
|
|
%configure macro is:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>%configure \
|
|
CFLAGS="${CFLAGS:-%optflags}" ; export CFLAGS ; \
|
|
CXXFLAGS="${CXXFLAGS:-%optflags}" ; export CXXFLAGS ; \
|
|
FFLAGS="${FFLAGS:-%optflags}" ; export FFLAGS ; \
|
|
./configure --host=%{_host} --build=%{_build} \\\
|
|
--target=%{_target_platform} \\\
|
|
--program-prefix=%{?_program_prefix} \\\
|
|
--prefix=%{_prefix} \\\
|
|
--exec-prefix=%{_exec_prefix} \\\
|
|
--bindir=%{_bindir} \\\
|
|
--sbindir=%{_sbindir} \\\
|
|
--sysconfdir=%{_sysconfdir} \\\
|
|
--datadir=%{_datadir} \\\
|
|
--includedir=%{_includedir} \\\
|
|
--libdir=%{_libdir} \\\
|
|
--libexecdir=%{_libexecdir} \\\
|
|
--localstatedir=%{_localstatedir} \\\
|
|
--sharedstatedir=%{_sharedstatedir} \\\
|
|
--mandir=%{_mandir} \\\
|
|
--infodir=%{_infodir}
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>On Fedora 16, this expands to:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting> CFLAGS="${CFLAGS:--O2 -g -march=i386 -mtune=i686}" ; export CFLAGS ;
|
|
CXXFLAGS="${CXXFLAGS:--O2 -g -march=i386 -mtune=i686}" ; export CXXFLAGS ;
|
|
FFLAGS="${FFLAGS:--O2 -g -march=i386 -mtune=i686}" ; export FFLAGS ;
|
|
./configure <emphasis role="bold">--host=i686-pc-linux-gnu</emphasis> --build=i686-pc-linux-gnu \
|
|
--program-prefix= \
|
|
--prefix=/usr \
|
|
--exec-prefix=/usr \
|
|
--bindir=/usr/bin \
|
|
--sbindir=/usr/sbin \
|
|
--sysconfdir=/etc \
|
|
--datadir=/usr/share \
|
|
--includedir=/usr/include \
|
|
--libdir=/usr/lib \
|
|
--libexecdir=/usr/libexec \
|
|
--localstatedir=/var \
|
|
--sharedstatedir=/var/lib \
|
|
--mandir=/usr/share/man \
|
|
--infodir=/usr/share/info
|
|
</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>The value of <emphasis role="bold">--host </emphasis>does not
|
|
map to any of the valid HOST values in shorewallrc. So to use
|
|
%configure on a Fedora system, you want to invoke it as
|
|
follows:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>%configure --vendor=redhat</command></programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>To reset the value of a setting in shorewallrc.$host, give it a
|
|
null value. For example, if you are installing on a RHEL derivative
|
|
that doesn't run systemd, use this command:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>./configure --vendor=redhat --systemd=</command></programlisting>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Versions 4.5.1 and Earlier</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Beginning with Shorewall-4.5.0, the Shorewall packages depend on
|
|
Shorewall-core. So the first step is to install that package:</para>
|
|
|
|
<orderedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>unpack the tarballs:<programlisting><command>tar -jxf shorewall-core-4.5.0.tar.bz2</command></programlisting></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>cd to the shorewall directory (the version is encoded in the
|
|
directory name as in <quote>shorewall-core-4.5.0</quote>).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Type:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>./install.sh </command></programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>To install Shorewall using the tarball and install script:</para>
|
|
|
|
<orderedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>unpack the tarballs:<programlisting><command>tar -jxf shorewall-4.5.0.tar.bz2</command></programlisting></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>cd to the shorewall directory (the version is encoded in the
|
|
directory name as in <quote>shorewall-4.3.5</quote>).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Type:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>./install.sh </command></programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>or if you are installing Shorewall or Shorewall6 version 4.4.8
|
|
or later, you may type:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>./install.sh -s</command></programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <emphasis role="bold">-s</emphasis> option supresses
|
|
installation of all files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/etc/shorewall</filename> except
|
|
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename>. You can copy any other files
|
|
you need from one of the <ulink
|
|
url="GettingStarted.html">Samples</ulink> or from <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/share/shorewall/configfiles/</filename>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If the install script was unable to configure Shorewall to be
|
|
started automatically at boot, see <ulink
|
|
url="starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm">these
|
|
instructions</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>Beginning with shorewall 4.4.20.1, the installer also supports a
|
|
<option>-a</option> (annotated) option. Beginning with that release, the
|
|
standard configuration files (including samples) may be annotated with
|
|
the contents of the associated manpage. The <option>-a</option> option
|
|
enables that behavior. The default remains that the configuration files
|
|
do not include documentation.</para>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Executables in /usr and Perl Modules</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Distributions have different philosophies about the proper file
|
|
hierarchy. Two issures are particularly contentious:</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Executable files in
|
|
<filename>/usr/share/shorewall*</filename>. These include;</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>getparams</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>compiler.pl</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>wait4ifup</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>shorecap</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>ifupdown</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Perl Modules in
|
|
<filename>/usr/share/shorewall/Shorewall</filename>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>To allow distributions to designate alternate locations for
|
|
these files, the installers (install.sh) from 4.4.19 onward support
|
|
the following environmental variables:</para>
|
|
|
|
<variablelist>
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>LIBEXEC</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Determines where in /usr getparams, compiler.pl,
|
|
wait4ifup, shorecap and ifupdown are installed. Shorewall and
|
|
Shorewall6 must be installed with the same value of LIBEXEC. The
|
|
listed executables are installed in
|
|
<filename>/usr/${LIBEXEC}/shorewall*</filename>. The default
|
|
value of LIBEXEC is 'share'. LIBEXEC is recognized by all
|
|
installers and uninstallers.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Beginning with Shorewall 4.4.20, you can specify an
|
|
absolute path name for LIBEXEC, in which case the listed
|
|
executables will be installed in ${LIBEXEC}/shorewall*.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.1, you must specify an
|
|
absolute pathname for LIBEXEC.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>PERLLIB</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Determines where in <filename>/usr </filename>the
|
|
Shorewall Perl modules are installed. Shorewall and Shorewall6
|
|
must be installed with the same value of PERLLIB. The modules
|
|
are installed in <filename>/usr/${PERLLIB}/Shorewall</filename>.
|
|
The default value of PERLLIB is 'share/shorewall'. PERLLIB is
|
|
only recognized by the Shorewall and Shorewall6
|
|
installers.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Beginning with Shorewall 4.4.20, you can specify an
|
|
absolute path name for PERLLIB, in which case the Shorewall Perl
|
|
modules will be installed in ${PERLLIB}/Shorewall/.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>Beginning with Shorewall 4.5.1, you must specify an
|
|
absolute pathname for PERLLIB.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
|
|
<varlistentry>
|
|
<term>MANDIR</term>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Determines where the man pages are installed. Default is
|
|
distribution-dependent as shown below.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</varlistentry>
|
|
</variablelist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Locations">
|
|
<title>Default Install Locations</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>The default install locations are distribution dependent as
|
|
shown in the following sections. These are the locations that are
|
|
chosen by the install.sh scripts.</para>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>All Distributions</title>
|
|
|
|
<informaltable>
|
|
<tgroup cols="2">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">COMPONENT</emphasis></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">LOCATION</emphasis></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>man pages</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/usr/share/man/ (may ve overridden using
|
|
MANDIR)</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Shorewall Perl Modules</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/usr/share/shorewall/ (may be overridden using
|
|
PERLLIB)</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Executable helper scripts (compiler.pl, getparams,
|
|
wait4ifup)</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/usr/share/shorewall/ (may be overridden using
|
|
LIBEXEC)</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ifupdown.sh (from Shorewall-init)</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/usr/share/shorewall-init/ (may be overridden using
|
|
LIBEXEC)</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Debian</title>
|
|
|
|
<informaltable>
|
|
<tgroup cols="2">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">COMPONENT</emphasis></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">LOCATION</emphasis></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>CLI programs</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/sbin/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Distribution-specific configuration file</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/default/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Init Scripts</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/init.d/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/network/if-up.d/shorewall,
|
|
/etc/network/if-post-down.d/shorewall</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ppp ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/ppp/ip-up.d/shorewall,
|
|
/etc/ppp/ip-down.d/shorewall /etc/ppp/ipv6-up.d/shorewall
|
|
/etc/ppp/ipv6-down.d/shorewall</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Redhat and Derivatives</title>
|
|
|
|
<informaltable>
|
|
<tgroup cols="2">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">COMPONENT</emphasis></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">LOCATION</emphasis></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>CLI programs</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/sbin/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Distribution-specific configuration file</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/sysconfig/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Init Scripts</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/rc.d/init.d/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/sbin/ifup-local, /sbin/ifdown-local</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ppp ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/ppp/ip-up.local, /etc/ppp/ip-down.local</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>SuSE</title>
|
|
|
|
<informaltable>
|
|
<tgroup cols="2">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">COMPONENT</emphasis></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">LOCATION</emphasis></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>CLI programs</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/sbin/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Distribution-specific configuration file</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/sysconfig/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Init Scripts</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/init.d/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/sysconfig/network/if-up.d/shorewall,
|
|
/etc/sysconfig/network/if-down.d/shorewall</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ppp ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/etc/ppp/ip-up.d/shorewall,
|
|
/etc/ppp/ip-down.d/shorewall /etc/ppp/ipv6-up.d/shorewall
|
|
/etc/ppp/ipv6-down.d/shorewall</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Cygwin</title>
|
|
|
|
<informaltable>
|
|
<tgroup cols="2">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">COMPONENT</emphasis></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">LOCATION</emphasis></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>CLI programs</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/bin/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Distribution-specific configuration file</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>N/A</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Init Scripts</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>N/A</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>N/A</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ppp ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>N/A</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>OS X</title>
|
|
|
|
<informaltable>
|
|
<tgroup cols="2">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">COMPONENT</emphasis></entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry><emphasis role="bold">LOCATION</emphasis></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>CLI programs</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>/sbin/<replaceable>product</replaceable></entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Distribution-specific configuration file</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>N/A</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>Init Scripts</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>N/A</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>N/A</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
|
|
<row>
|
|
<entry>ppp ifupdown scripts from Shorewall-init</entry>
|
|
|
|
<entry>N/A</entry>
|
|
</row>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</tgroup>
|
|
</informaltable>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Debian">
|
|
<title>Install the .deb</title>
|
|
|
|
<important>
|
|
<para>Once you have installed the .deb packages and before you attempt
|
|
to configure Shorewall, please heed the advice of Lorenzo Martignoni,
|
|
former Shorewall Debian Maintainer:</para>
|
|
|
|
<para><quote>For more information about Shorewall usage on Debian system
|
|
please look at /usr/share/doc/shorewall-common/README.Debian provided by
|
|
[the] shorewall Debian package.</quote></para>
|
|
</important>
|
|
|
|
<para>The easiest way to install Shorewall on Debian, is to use
|
|
apt-get<command>.</command></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>First, to ensure that you are installing the latest version of
|
|
Shorewall, please modify your
|
|
<filename>/etc/apt/preferences:</filename></para>
|
|
|
|
<para><programlisting>Package: shorewall
|
|
Pin: release o=Debian,a=testing
|
|
Pin-Priority: 700
|
|
|
|
Package: shorewall-doc
|
|
Pin: release o=Debian,a=testing
|
|
Pin-Priority: 700</programlisting><emphasis role="bold"><emphasis>Then
|
|
run:</emphasis></emphasis><programlisting># apt-get update
|
|
# apt-get install shorewall</programlisting></para>
|
|
|
|
<para><emphasis><emphasis role="bold">Once you have completed configuring
|
|
Shorewall, you can enable startup at boot time by setting startup=1 in
|
|
<filename>/etc/default/shorewall</filename>.</emphasis></emphasis></para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Upgrade">
|
|
<title>General Notes about Upgrading Shorewall</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Most problems associated with upgrades come from two causes:</para>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The user didn't read and follow the migration considerations in
|
|
the release notes (these are also reproduced in the <ulink
|
|
url="upgrade_issues.htm">Shorewall Upgrade Issues</ulink>).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>The user mis-handled the
|
|
<filename>/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</filename> file during
|
|
upgrade. Shorewall is designed to allow the default behavior of the
|
|
product to evolve over time. To make this possible, the design assumes
|
|
that <emphasis role="bold">you will not replace your current
|
|
shorewall.conf</emphasis> <emphasis role="bold">file during
|
|
upgrades</emphasis>. It is recommended that after you first install
|
|
Shorewall that you modify
|
|
<filename>/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</filename> so as to prevent
|
|
your package manager from overwriting it during subsequent upgrades
|
|
(since the addition of STARTUP_ENABLED, such modification is assured
|
|
since you must manually change the setting of that option). If you
|
|
feel absolutely compelled to have the latest options in your
|
|
shorewall.conf then you must proceed carefully. You should determine
|
|
which new options have been added and you must reset their value (e.g.
|
|
OPTION=""); otherwise, you will get different behavior from what you
|
|
expect.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Upgrade_RPM">
|
|
<title>Upgrade using RPM</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you already have the Shorewall RPM installed and are upgrading to
|
|
a new version:</para>
|
|
|
|
<orderedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para><emphasis role="bold">Be sure that you have the correct RPM
|
|
package!</emphasis></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>The standard RPM package from shorewall.net and the mirrors is
|
|
known to work with <trademark>SUSE</trademark>, Power PPC, Trustix and
|
|
TurboLinux. There is also an RPM package provided by Simon Matter that
|
|
is tailored for RedHat/Fedora and another package from Jack Coates
|
|
that is customized for Mandriva. If you try to upgrade using the wrong
|
|
package, it probably won't work.<important>
|
|
<para>Simon Matter names his '<emphasis>common</emphasis>' rpm
|
|
'<emphasis>shorewall</emphasis>' rather than
|
|
'<emphasis>shorewall-common</emphasis>'.</para>
|
|
</important></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If you are upgrading from a 2.x or 3.x version to a 4.x version
|
|
or later, please see the <ulink url="upgrade_issues.htm">upgrade
|
|
issues</ulink> for specific instructions.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Upgrade the RPM</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>rpm -Uvh <shorewall rpm file> </command></programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<note>
|
|
<para>Shorewall is dependent on the iproute package. Unfortunately,
|
|
some distributions call this package iproute2 which will cause the
|
|
upgrade of Shorewall to fail with the diagnostic:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>error: failed dependencies:iproute is needed by shorewall-3.2.1-1</programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>This may be worked around by using the --nodeps option of
|
|
rpm.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>rpm -Uvh --nodeps <shorewall rpm> ...</command></programlisting>
|
|
</note>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>See if there are any incompatibilities between your
|
|
configuration and the new Shorewall version and correct as
|
|
necessary.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>shorewall check</command></programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Restart the firewall.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>shorewall restart</command></programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Upgrade_Tarball">
|
|
<title>Upgrade using tarball</title>
|
|
|
|
<para><important>
|
|
<para>If you are upgrading from a 2.x or 3.x version to a 4.x version
|
|
or later, please see the <ulink url="upgrade_issues.htm">upgrade
|
|
issues</ulink> for specific instructions.</para>
|
|
</important></para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you are upgrading to version 4.5.0 or later, you must first
|
|
install or upgrade the Shorewall-core package:</para>
|
|
|
|
<orderedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>unpack the tarballs:<programlisting><command>tar -jxf shorewall-core-4.5.0.tar.bz2</command></programlisting></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>cd to the shorewall directory (the version is encoded in the
|
|
directory name as in <quote>shorewall-core-4.5.0</quote>).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Type:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>./install.sh </command></programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you already have Shorewall installed and are upgrading to a new
|
|
version using the tarball:</para>
|
|
|
|
<orderedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>unpack the tarball:<programlisting><command>tar -jxf shorewall-4.5.0.tar.bz2</command></programlisting></para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>cd to the shorewall-perl directory (the version is encoded in
|
|
the directory name as in <quote>shorewall-4.5.0</quote>).</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Type:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>./install.sh</command></programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>or if you are installing Shorewall or Shorewall6 version 4.4.8
|
|
or later, you may type:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>./install.sh -s</command></programlisting>
|
|
|
|
<para>The <emphasis role="bold">-s</emphasis> option supresses
|
|
installation of all files in <filename
|
|
class="directory">/etc/shorewall</filename> except
|
|
<filename>shorewall.conf</filename>. You can copy any other files you
|
|
need from one of the <ulink url="GettingStarted.html">Samples</ulink>
|
|
or from <filename
|
|
class="directory">/usr/share/shorewall/configfiles/</filename>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>See if there are any incompatibilities between your
|
|
configuration and the new Shorewall version and correct as
|
|
necessary.</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>shorewall check</command></programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>Start the firewall by typing</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting><command>shorewall start</command></programlisting>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>If the install script was unable to configure Shorewall to be
|
|
started automatically at boot, see <ulink
|
|
url="starting_and_stopping_shorewall.htm">these
|
|
instructions</ulink>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</orderedlist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Upgrade_Deb">
|
|
<title>Upgrading the .deb</title>
|
|
|
|
<warning>
|
|
<para>When the installer asks if you want to replace
|
|
/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf with the new version, we strongly advise
|
|
you to say No. See <link linkend="Upgrade">above</link>.</para>
|
|
</warning>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Config_Files">
|
|
<title>Configuring Shorewall</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>You will need to edit some or all of the configuration files to
|
|
match your setup. In most cases, the <ulink
|
|
url="shorewall_quickstart_guide.htm">Shorewall QuickStart Guides</ulink>
|
|
contain all of the information you need.</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section id="Uninstall">
|
|
<title>Uninstall/Fallback</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>See <quote><ulink url="fallback.htm">Fallback and
|
|
Uninstall</ulink></quote>.</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</article>
|