forked from extern/shorewall_code
2727c97ca5
git-svn-id: https://shorewall.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/shorewall/trunk@1988 fbd18981-670d-0410-9b5c-8dc0c1a9a2bb
560 lines
20 KiB
XML
560 lines
20 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
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<article>
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<!--$Id$-->
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<articleinfo>
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<title>Shorewall Error Messages</title>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<firstname>Tom</firstname>
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<surname>Eastep</surname>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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<pubdate>2005-03-08</pubdate>
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<copyright>
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<year>2004</year>
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<year>2005</year>
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<holder>Thomas M. Eastep</holder>
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</copyright>
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<legalnotice>
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<para>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version
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1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with
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no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover, and with no Back-Cover
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Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
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<quote><ulink url="GnuCopyright.htm">GNU Free Documentation
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License</ulink></quote>.</para>
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</legalnotice>
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</articleinfo>
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<section>
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<para>Shorewall can produce a wide variety of error messages when a
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problem is detected with your configuration. This article attempts to
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explain the cause of and cures for some of these messages.</para>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Messages Produced by /sbin/shorewall</title>
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<para>Some error messages are produced by the /sbin/shorewall utility.
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These messages are detailed in this section.</para>
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<glosslist>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: <label> must specify a simple file name:
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<name></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>This means that you have specified a restore file name with a
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"/". Restore files must be simple file names with no slashes.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Shorewall is not properly installed</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The files <filename>/usr/share/shorewall/firewall</filename>
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and/or <filename>/usr/share/shorewall/version</filename> do not
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exist.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: <file name> exists and is not a saved
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Shorewall configuration</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The named file in <filename>/var/lib/shorewall</filename>
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exists but is not executable.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Reserved file name: <file name></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>You have specified either <filename>save</filename> or
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<filename>restore-base</filename> as the name of a restore file --
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those names are reserved for use by Shorewall.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Currently-running Configuration Not
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Saved</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>During processing of a <command>shorewall save</command>
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command, the <command>iptables-save</command> command failed.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: /var/lib/shorewall/restore-base does not
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exist</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The <command>shorewall start</command> and <command>shorewall
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restart</command> commands create a file called
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<filename>/var/lib/shorewall/restore-base</filename> which forms the
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basis for creating a restore file using <command>shorewall
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save</command>. This error message is issued when <command>shorewall
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save</command> is not able to find that file.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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</glosslist>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Messages Produced by /usr/share/shorewall/firewall</title>
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<para>The program <filename>/usr/share/shorewall/firewall</filename> is
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responsible for parsing the Shorewall configuration files and for creating
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and changing the Netfilter configuration. Some of the error messages
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generated by this program are listed below.</para>
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<glosslist>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Invalid zone definition for zone
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<zone></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The zone named in the message is defined to be associated with
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an interface in <filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename> yet
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it also has an entry for that same interface in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/hosts</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Invalid zone (<zone>) in record
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"<record>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The zone named in the ZONE column of the listed record from
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename> or
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/hosts</filename> is not defined in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Duplicate Interface <interface></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The named interface has two entries in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Invalid Interface Name:
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<interface></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The interface name contains a colon (":") or is "+". If the
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name includes a ":", you probably need to read <ulink
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url="Shorewall_and_Aliased_Interfaces.xml">this
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article</ulink>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Unknown interface (<interface>) in record
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"<record>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The <emphasis><interface></emphasis> name listed in the
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<emphasis><record></emphasis> from
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/hosts</filename> was not defined in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Bridged interfaces may not be defined in
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/etc/shorewall/interfaces:
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<interface>[:<address>]</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The named interface appears in /etc/shorewall/hosts and
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appears as a bridge port (after a colon) but is also defined in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Your kernel and/or iptables does not support policy
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match: ipsec</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>You have specified the <emphasis role="bold">ipsec</emphasis>
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option in an <filename>/etc/shorewall/hosts</filename> record but
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your kernel and/or iptables is missing policy match support. That
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support in turn requires a set of ipsec-netfilter patches in order
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to work correctly.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Undefined zone <zone></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The named zone appears in the /etc/shorewall/policy file but
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not in the /etc/shorewall/zones file.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Can't determine the IP address of
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<interface></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>You have specified DETECT_DNAT_ADDRS=Yes in
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/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf and Shorewall is unablee to determine
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the IP address of the named <emphasis><interface></emphasis>.
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Be sure that the interface is started before starting Shorewall or
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set DETECT_DNAT_ADDRS=No.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Invalid gateway zone (<zone>) -- Tunnel
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"<record></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The listed <emphasis><zone></emphasis> name appears in
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the GATEWAY ZONE column of the listed
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<emphasis><record></emphasis> from
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/tunnels</filename> but is not defined in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Your kernel and/or iptables does not support policy
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match</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>Your /etc/shorewall/ipsec file is non-empty but your kernel
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and/or iptables do not include policy match support. That support in
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turn requires a set of ipsec-netfilter patches in order to work
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correctly.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: No hosts on <interface> have the maclist
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option specified</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The named <emphasis><interface></emphasis> appears in a
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record in <filename>/etc/shorewall/maclist</filename> yet that
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interface's record in <filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename>
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does not specify the <emphasis role="bold">maclist</emphasis> option
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and no record in <filename>/etc/shorewall/hosts</filename> that
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names that interface includes the <emphasis
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role="bold">maclist</emphasis> option.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Interface <interface> must be up before
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Shorewall can start</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>You have specified the <emphasis
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role="bold">maclist</emphasis> option for this interface but the
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command <command>ip list show <interface></command>
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fails.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Unknown interface <interface></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The interface appears in a configuration file but is not
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defined in <filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: BRIDGING=Yes requires Physdev Match support in your
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Kernel and iptables</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>You have set BRIDGING=Yes in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</filename> but it appears
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that your kernel and/or iptables do not have physdev match
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support.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Unknown interface <interface> in rule:
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"<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>You have BRIDGING=No in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf</filename> and the
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<emphasis><interface></emphasis> given in a rule does not
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match an entry in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: SNAT may no longer be specified in a DNAT rule; use
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/etc/shorewall/masq instead</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>In earlier Shorewall versions, the ORIGINAL DEST column
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allowed following the original destination IP address with ":" and
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an address to use as the source of the forwarded connection request.
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Now that /etc/shorewall/masq supports qualification of SNAT rules by
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protocol and port, this feature is no longer required and has been
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deimplemented.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: "Invalid Source in rule "<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The SOURCE column has the firewall zone name immediately
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followed by "!". This syntax is use to exclude a subzone and
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Shorewall currently doesn't support subzones of the firewall
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zone.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Rule "<rule>" - Destination may not be
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specified by MAC Address</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>Netfilter (and hence Shorewall) does not allow qualification
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of a rule by destination source IP address.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Destination interface not allowed with
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<action></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The named <emphasis><action></emphasis> will be ACCEPT+
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or NONAT. These actions are inforced in part in the PREROUTING nat
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chain where the destination interface is not yet known (because the
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packet has not yet been routed). As a result, the DESTINATION column
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may not contain an interface name.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Only DNAT and REDIRECT rules may specify destination
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mapping; rule "<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The <emphasis><rule></emphasis> specifies a server
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address that is different from the ORIGINAL DEST address and/or it
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specifies a server port that is different from the destination port
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but the ACTION is neither DNAT[-] nor REJECT[-].</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Empty source zone or qualifier: rule
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"<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The SOURCE column is of one of the forms
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<emphasis><zone></emphasis>:,
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:<emphasis><qualifier></emphasis> or :.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Exclude list only allowed with DNAT or
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REDIRECT</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>In DNAT[-] and REDIRECT[-] rules, you can have a SOURCE of the
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form
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<emphasis><zone></emphasis>:<emphasis><net1></emphasis>!<emphasis><net2></emphasis>.
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This means <emphasis><net1></emphasis> in the
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<emphasis><zone></emphasis> zone <emphasis role="bold">except
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for</emphasis> <emphasis><net2></emphasis>. This syntax is not
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available with other ACTIONs.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Invalid use of a user-qualification: rule
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"<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The USER/GROUP column may only have and entry if the SOURCE is
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the firewall zone.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Empty destination zone or qualifier: rule
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"<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The DEST column is of one of the forms
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<emphasis><zone></emphasis>:,
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:<emphasis><qualifier></emphasis> or :.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Undefined Client Zone in rule
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"<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The zone given in the SOURCE column was not defined in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Undefined Server Zone in rule
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"<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The zone given in the DEST column was not defined in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Rules may not override a NONE policy: rule
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"<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>If the policy from zone z1 to zone z2 is NONE that means that
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Shorewall sets up no infrastructure to handle traffic from z1 to z2.
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Consequently, you cannot have any rules that control traffic from z1
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to z2.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Invalid Action in rule "<rule>"</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>The ACTION column contains an action that is not one of the
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built-in actions and it is not defined in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/actions</filename> or in
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<filename>/usr/share/shorewall/actions.std</filename>.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>ERROR: Unable to determine the routes through interface
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<interface></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>You have specified <emphasis><interface></emphasis> in
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the SUBNET column of <filename>/etc/shorewall/masq</filename> which
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means that Shorewall is supposed to determine the network(s) routed
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through that interface. To do that, Shorewall issues the command
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<command>ip addr ls dev <interface></command> and that command
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failed. This usually means that you are trying to start Shorewall
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before the <emphasis><interface></emphasis> is brought
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up.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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</glosslist>
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</section>
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<section>
|
|
<title>Warnings</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>This sections describes some of the more common warnings generated
|
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by Shorewall.</para>
|
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|
|
<glosslist>
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<glossentry>
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|
<glossterm>Warning: default route ignored on interface
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<interface></glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>This means that the interface named in the SUBNET column of
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/masq</filename> has the default route. This
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almost always means that you have the contents of the INTERFACE and
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SUBNET columns reversed.</para>
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</glossdef>
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</glossentry>
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<glossentry>
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<glossterm>Warning: Zone <zone> is empty</glossterm>
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<glossdef>
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<para>This warning alerts you to the fact tha <zone> is
|
|
defined in <filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename> but has no
|
|
corresponding entries in
|
|
<filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename> or in
|
|
<filename>/etc/shorewall/hosts</filename>.</para>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
</glosslist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<title>Iptables Error Messages</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>By far the most asked about iptables error message is:</para>
|
|
|
|
<glosslist>
|
|
<glossentry>
|
|
<glossterm>iptables: No chain/target/match by that name</glossterm>
|
|
|
|
<glossdef>
|
|
<para>This almost always means that you are trying to use a
|
|
Shorewall feature that your iptables and/or kernel do not support.
|
|
Beginning with version 2.2.0, Shorewall follows this message with a
|
|
copy of the rule that is failing. Most commonly, the problem is that
|
|
one of the match types (keyword following "-m" in the command) isn't
|
|
supported by your iptables/kernel. The output of "shorewall check"
|
|
shows you what your iptables/kernel support:</para>
|
|
|
|
<programlisting>gateway:~# shorewall check
|
|
Loading /usr/share/shorewall/functions...
|
|
Processing /etc/shorewall/params ...
|
|
Processing /etc/shorewall/shorewall.conf...
|
|
Loading Modules...
|
|
<emphasis role="bold">Shorewall has detected the following iptables/netfilter capabilities:
|
|
NAT: Available
|
|
Packet Mangling: Available
|
|
Multi-port Match: Available
|
|
Extended Multi-port Match: Available
|
|
Connection Tracking Match: Available
|
|
Packet Type Match: Not available
|
|
Policy Match: Available
|
|
Physdev Match: Available
|
|
IP range Match: Available</emphasis>
|
|
Verifying Configuration...
|
|
|
|
...</programlisting>
|
|
</glossdef>
|
|
</glossentry>
|
|
</glosslist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</article> |