forked from extern/shorewall_code
200 lines
6.7 KiB
XML
200 lines
6.7 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd">
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<refentry>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>shorewall-addresses</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
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<refmiscinfo>Configuration Files</refmiscinfo>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>addresses</refname>
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<refpurpose>Specifying addresses within a Shorewall
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configuration</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Description</title>
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<para>In both Shorewall and Shorewall6, there are two basic types of
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addresses:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Host Address</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>This address type refers to a single host.</para>
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<para>In IPv4, the format is <emphasis>i.j.k.l</emphasis> where
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<emphasis>i</emphasis> through <emphasis>l</emphasis> are decimal
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numbers between 1 and 255.</para>
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<para>In IPv6, the format is <emphasis>a:b:c:d:e:f:g:h</emphasis>
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where <emphasis>a</emphasis> through <emphasis>h</emphasis> consist
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of 1 to 4 hexidecimal digits (leading zeros may be omitted). a
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single series of 0 addresses may be omitted. For example
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2001:227:e857:1:0:0:0:0:1 may be written 2001:227:e857:1::1.</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Network Address</term>
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<listitem>
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<para>A network address refers to 1 or more hosts and consists of a
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host address followed by a slash ("/") and a <firstterm>Variable
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Length Subnet Mask</firstterm> (VLSM). This is known as
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<firstterm>Classless Internet Domain Routing</firstterm> (CIDR)
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notation.</para>
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<para>The VLSM is a decimal number. For IPv4, it is in the range 0
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through 32. For IPv6, the range is 0 through 128. The number
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represents the number of leading bits in the address that represent
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the network address; the remainder of the bits are a host address
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and are generally given as zero.</para>
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<para>Examples:</para>
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<para>IPv4: 192.168.1.0/24</para>
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<para>IPv6: 2001:227:e857:1:0:0:0:0:1/64</para>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>In the Shorewall documentation and manpages, we have tried to make
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it clear which type of address is accepted in each specific case.</para>
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<para>Because Shorewall uses a colon (":") as a separator in many
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contexts, IPv6 addresses are best written using the standard convention in
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which the address itself is enclosed in square brackets:</para>
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<simplelist>
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<member>[2001:227:e857:1::1]</member>
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<member>[2001:227:e857:1::]/64</member>
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</simplelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>Specifying SOURCE and DEST</title>
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<para>Entries in Shorewall configuration files often deal with the source
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(SOURCE) and destination (DEST) of connections and Shorewall implements a
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uniform way for specifying them.</para>
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<para>A SOURCE or DEST consists of one to three parts separated by colons
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(":"):</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>ZONE — The name of a zone declared in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/zones</filename> or
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<filename>/etc/shorewall6/zones</filename>. This part is only
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available in the rules file
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(<filename>/etc/shorewall/rules</filename>,
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/blrules</filename>,<filename>
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/etc/shorewall6/rules</filename> and
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<filename>/etc/shorewall6/blrules</filename>).</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>INTERFACE — The name of an interface that matches an entry in
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<filename>/etc/shorewall/interfaces</filename>
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(<filename>/etc/shorewall6/interfaces</filename>).</para>
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<para>Beginning with Shorweall 5.2.1, the
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<replaceable>interface</replaceable> may be preceded with '!' which
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matches all interfaces except the one specified.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>ADDRESS LIST — A list of one or more addresses (host or network)
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or address ranges, separated by commas. In an IPv6 configuration, this
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list must be included in square or angled brackets ("[...]" or
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"<...>"). The list may have exclusion.</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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<para>Examples.</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>All hosts in the <emphasis role="bold">net</emphasis> zone —
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<emphasis role="bold">net</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Subnet 192.168.1.0/29 in the <emphasis
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role="bold">loc</emphasis> zone — <emphasis
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role="bold">loc:192.168.1.0/29</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>All hosts in the net zone connecting through <filename
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class="devicefile">ppp0</filename> — <emphasis
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role="bold">net:ppp0</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>All hosts interfaced by <filename
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class="devicefile">eth3</filename> — <emphasis
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role="bold">eth3</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Subnet 10.0.1.0/24 interfacing through <filename><filename
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class="devicefile">eth2</filename></filename> — <emphasis
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role="bold">eth2:10.0.1.0/24</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Host 2002:ce7c:92b4:1:a00:27ff:feb1:46a9 in the <emphasis
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role="bold">loc</emphasis> zone — <emphasis
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role="bold">loc:[2002:ce7c:92b4:1:a00:27ff:feb1:46a9]</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The primary IP address of eth0 in the $FW zone - <emphasis
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role="bold">$FW:&eth0</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>All hosts in Vatican City - <emphasis
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role="bold">net:^VA</emphasis> (Requires the <emphasis>GeoIP
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Match</emphasis> capability).</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>IP Address Ranges</title>
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<para>If you kernel and iptables have <emphasis>IP Range match
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support</emphasis>, you may use IP address ranges in Shorewall
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configuration file entries; IP address ranges have the syntax
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<<emphasis>low IP address</emphasis>>-<<emphasis>high IP
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address</emphasis>>.</para>
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<para>Example: 192.168.1.5-192.168.1.12.</para>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title/>
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<para/>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1>
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<title>See ALSO</title>
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<para>For more information about addressing, see the<ulink
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url="shorewall_setup_guide.htm#Addressing"> Setup Guide</ulink>.</para>
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</refsect1>
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</refentry>
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